]> git.ipfire.org Git - thirdparty/util-linux.git/blobdiff - sys-utils/lscpu.c
Make the ways of using output stream consistent in usage()
[thirdparty/util-linux.git] / sys-utils / lscpu.c
index 6e501b0442c614acfabaa0d4b10dc382e7c4e91a..278f2be5816ea20848b4382312c2d605203052e6 100644 (file)
@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@
 
 #include "closestream.h"
 #include "optutils.h"
+#include "c_strtod.h"
+#include "sysfs.h"
 
 #include "lscpu.h"
 
@@ -54,13 +56,13 @@ static const char *hv_vendors[] = {
        [VIRT_VENDOR_XEN]       = "Xen",
        [VIRT_VENDOR_KVM]       = "KVM",
        [VIRT_VENDOR_MSHV]      = "Microsoft",
-       [VIRT_VENDOR_VMWARE]  = "VMware",
+       [VIRT_VENDOR_VMWARE]    = "VMware",
        [VIRT_VENDOR_IBM]       = "IBM",
        [VIRT_VENDOR_VSERVER]   = "Linux-VServer",
        [VIRT_VENDOR_UML]       = "User-mode Linux",
        [VIRT_VENDOR_INNOTEK]   = "Innotek GmbH",
        [VIRT_VENDOR_HITACHI]   = "Hitachi",
-       [VIRT_VENDOR_PARALLELS] = "Parallels",
+       [VIRT_VENDOR_PARALLELS] = "Parallels",
        [VIRT_VENDOR_VBOX]      = "Oracle",
        [VIRT_VENDOR_OS400]     = "OS/400",
        [VIRT_VENDOR_PHYP]      = "pHyp",
@@ -80,10 +82,10 @@ struct polarization_modes {
 };
 
 static struct polarization_modes polar_modes[] = {
-       [POLAR_UNKNOWN]    = {"U",  "-"},
-       [POLAR_VLOW]       = {"VL", "vert-low"},
-       [POLAR_VMEDIUM]    = {"VM", "vert-medium"},
-       [POLAR_VHIGH]      = {"VH", "vert-high"},
+       [POLAR_UNKNOWN]    = {"U",  "-"},
+       [POLAR_VLOW]       = {"VL", "vert-low"},
+       [POLAR_VMEDIUM]    = {"VM", "vert-medium"},
+       [POLAR_VHIGH]      = {"VH", "vert-high"},
        [POLAR_HORIZONTAL] = {"H",  "horizontal"},
 };
 
@@ -95,6 +97,7 @@ enum {
        COL_CPU_CPU,
        COL_CPU_CORE,
        COL_CPU_SOCKET,
+       COL_CPU_CLUSTER,
        COL_CPU_NODE,
        COL_CPU_BOOK,
        COL_CPU_DRAWER,
@@ -104,8 +107,10 @@ enum {
        COL_CPU_CONFIGURED,
        COL_CPU_ONLINE,
        COL_CPU_MHZ,
+       COL_CPU_SCALMHZ,
        COL_CPU_MAXMHZ,
        COL_CPU_MINMHZ,
+       COL_CPU_MODELNAME,
 };
 
 enum {
@@ -131,43 +136,47 @@ struct lscpu_coldesc {
 
        int flags;
        unsigned int  is_abbr:1;        /* name is abbreviation */
+       int json_type;
 };
 
 static struct lscpu_coldesc coldescs_cpu[] =
 {
-       [COL_CPU_BOGOMIPS]     = { "BOGOMIPS", N_("crude measurement of CPU speed"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, 1 },
-       [COL_CPU_CPU]          = { "CPU", N_("logical CPU number"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, 1 },
-       [COL_CPU_CORE]         = { "CORE", N_("logical core number"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT },
-       [COL_CPU_SOCKET]       = { "SOCKET", N_("logical socket number"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT },
-       [COL_CPU_NODE]         = { "NODE", N_("logical NUMA node number"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT },
-       [COL_CPU_BOOK]         = { "BOOK", N_("logical book number"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT },
-       [COL_CPU_DRAWER]       = { "DRAWER", N_("logical drawer number"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT },
+       [COL_CPU_BOGOMIPS]     = { "BOGOMIPS", N_("crude measurement of CPU speed"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, 1, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER },
+       [COL_CPU_CPU]          = { "CPU", N_("logical CPU number"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, 1, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER },
+       [COL_CPU_CORE]         = { "CORE", N_("logical core number"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, 0, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER },
+       [COL_CPU_CLUSTER]      = { "CLUSTER", N_("logical cluster number"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, 0, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER },
+       [COL_CPU_SOCKET]       = { "SOCKET", N_("logical socket number"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, 0, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER },
+       [COL_CPU_NODE]         = { "NODE", N_("logical NUMA node number"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, 0, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER },
+       [COL_CPU_BOOK]         = { "BOOK", N_("logical book number"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, 0, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER },
+       [COL_CPU_DRAWER]       = { "DRAWER", N_("logical drawer number"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER },
        [COL_CPU_CACHE]        = { "CACHE", N_("shows how caches are shared between CPUs") },
        [COL_CPU_POLARIZATION] = { "POLARIZATION", N_("CPU dispatching mode on virtual hardware") },
        [COL_CPU_ADDRESS]      = { "ADDRESS", N_("physical address of a CPU") },
-       [COL_CPU_CONFIGURED]   = { "CONFIGURED", N_("shows if the hypervisor has allocated the CPU") },
-       [COL_CPU_ONLINE]       = { "ONLINE", N_("shows if Linux currently makes use of the CPU"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT },
-       [COL_CPU_MHZ]          = { "MHZ", N_("shows the currently MHz of the CPU"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT },
-       [COL_CPU_MAXMHZ]       = { "MAXMHZ", N_("shows the maximum MHz of the CPU"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT },
-       [COL_CPU_MINMHZ]       = { "MINMHZ", N_("shows the minimum MHz of the CPU"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT }
+       [COL_CPU_CONFIGURED]   = { "CONFIGURED", N_("shows if the hypervisor has allocated the CPU"), 0, 0, SCOLS_JSON_BOOLEAN_OPTIONAL },
+       [COL_CPU_ONLINE]       = { "ONLINE", N_("shows if Linux currently makes use of the CPU"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, 0, SCOLS_JSON_BOOLEAN_OPTIONAL },
+       [COL_CPU_MHZ]          = { "MHZ", N_("shows the currently MHz of the CPU"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, 0, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER },
+       [COL_CPU_SCALMHZ]      = { "SCALMHZ%", N_("shows scaling percentage of the CPU frequency"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER },
+       [COL_CPU_MAXMHZ]       = { "MAXMHZ", N_("shows the maximum MHz of the CPU"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, 0, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER },
+       [COL_CPU_MINMHZ]       = { "MINMHZ", N_("shows the minimum MHz of the CPU"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, 0, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER },
+       [COL_CPU_MODELNAME]    = { "MODELNAME", N_("shows CPU model name"), 0, 0, SCOLS_JSON_STRING }
 };
 
 static struct lscpu_coldesc coldescs_cache[] =
 {
        [COL_CACHE_ALLSIZE]    = { "ALL-SIZE", N_("size of all system caches"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT },
-       [COL_CACHE_LEVEL]      = { "LEVEL", N_("cache level"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT },
+       [COL_CACHE_LEVEL]      = { "LEVEL", N_("cache level"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, 0, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER },
        [COL_CACHE_NAME]       = { "NAME", N_("cache name") },
        [COL_CACHE_ONESIZE]    = { "ONE-SIZE", N_("size of one cache"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT },
        [COL_CACHE_TYPE]       = { "TYPE", N_("cache type") },
-       [COL_CACHE_WAYS]       = { "WAYS", N_("ways of associativity"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT },
+       [COL_CACHE_WAYS]       = { "WAYS", N_("ways of associativity"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, 0, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER },
        [COL_CACHE_ALLOCPOL]   = { "ALLOC-POLICY", N_("allocation policy") },
        [COL_CACHE_WRITEPOL]   = { "WRITE-POLICY", N_("write policy") },
-       [COL_CACHE_PHYLINE]    = { "PHY-LINE", N_("number of physical cache line per cache t"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT },
-       [COL_CACHE_SETS]       = { "SETS", N_("number of sets in the cache; set lines has the same cache index"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT },
-       [COL_CACHE_COHERENCYSIZE] = { "COHERENCY-SIZE", N_("minimum amount of data in bytes transferred from memory to cache"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT }
+       [COL_CACHE_PHYLINE]    = { "PHY-LINE", N_("number of physical cache line per cache tag"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, 0, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER },
+       [COL_CACHE_SETS]       = { "SETS", N_("number of sets in the cache; set lines has the same cache index"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, 0, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER },
+       [COL_CACHE_COHERENCYSIZE] = { "COHERENCY-SIZE", N_("minimum amount of data in bytes transferred from memory to cache"), SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, 0, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER }
 };
 
-static int is_term = 0;
+static int hierarchic = -1;
 
 UL_DEBUG_DEFINE_MASK(lscpu);
 UL_DEBUG_DEFINE_MASKNAMES(lscpu) = UL_DEBUG_EMPTY_MASKNAMES;
@@ -212,6 +221,15 @@ static void lscpu_context_init_paths(struct lscpu_cxt *cxt)
        DBG(MISC, ul_debugobj(cxt, "initialize paths"));
        ul_path_init_debug();
 
+       /* / */
+       cxt->rootfs = NULL;
+       if (cxt->prefix) {
+               cxt->rootfs = ul_new_path("/");
+               if (!cxt->rootfs)
+                       err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("failed to initialize rootfs handler"));
+               ul_path_set_prefix(cxt->rootfs, cxt->prefix);
+       }
+
        /* /sys/devices/system/cpu */
        cxt->syscpu = ul_new_path(_PATH_SYS_CPU);
        if (!cxt->syscpu)
@@ -244,6 +262,7 @@ static void lscpu_free_context(struct lscpu_cxt *cxt)
        DBG(MISC, ul_debugobj(cxt, " de-initialize paths"));
        ul_unref_path(cxt->syscpu);
        ul_unref_path(cxt->procfs);
+       ul_unref_path(cxt->rootfs);
 
        DBG(MISC, ul_debugobj(cxt, " freeing cpus"));
        for (i = 0; i < cxt->npossibles; i++) {
@@ -304,6 +323,22 @@ static void __fill_id(     struct lscpu_cxt *cxt,
        }
 }
 
+static void get_cell_boolean(
+               struct lscpu_cxt *cxt,
+               int has_data, int data,
+               char *buf, size_t bufsz)
+{
+               if (!has_data)
+                       return;
+
+               if (cxt->mode == LSCPU_OUTPUT_PARSABLE || cxt->json)
+                       snprintf(buf, bufsz, "%s",
+                                data ? _("Y") : _("N"));
+               else
+                       snprintf(buf, bufsz, "%s",
+                                data ? _("yes") : _("no"));
+}
+
 #define fill_id(_cxt, _cpu, NAME, _buf, _bufsz) \
                __fill_id(_cxt, (_cpu), \
                        (_cpu)-> NAME ## id, \
@@ -328,10 +363,10 @@ static char *get_cell_data(
                snprintf(buf, bufsz, "%d", cpu->logical_id);
                break;
        case COL_CPU_BOGOMIPS:
-               if (cpu->bogomips)
-                       xstrncpy(buf, cpu->bogomips, bufsz);
-               else if (cpu->type->bogomips)
-                       xstrncpy(buf, cpu->type->bogomips, bufsz);
+               if (!cpu->bogomips && !cpu->type->bogomips)
+                       break;
+               snprintf(buf, bufsz, "%.2f", (float) c_strtod(
+                               cpu->bogomips ? : cpu->type->bogomips, NULL));
                break;
        case COL_CPU_CORE:
                fill_id(cxt, cpu, core, buf, bufsz);
@@ -339,6 +374,10 @@ static char *get_cell_data(
        case COL_CPU_SOCKET:
                fill_id(cxt, cpu, socket, buf, bufsz);
                break;
+       case COL_CPU_CLUSTER:
+               if (cxt->is_cluster)
+                       fill_id(cxt, cpu, socket, buf, bufsz);
+               break;
        case COL_CPU_DRAWER:
                fill_id(cxt, cpu, drawer, buf, bufsz);
                break;
@@ -396,28 +435,18 @@ static char *get_cell_data(
                snprintf(buf, bufsz, "%d", cpu->address);
                break;
        case COL_CPU_CONFIGURED:
-               if (cpu->configured < 0)
-                       break;
-               if (cxt->mode == LSCPU_OUTPUT_PARSABLE)
-                       snprintf(buf, bufsz, "%s",
-                                cpu->configured ? _("Y") : _("N"));
-               else
-                       snprintf(buf, bufsz, "%s",
-                                cpu->configured ? _("yes") : _("no"));
+               get_cell_boolean(cxt, cpu->configured >= 0, cpu->configured, buf, bufsz);
                break;
        case COL_CPU_ONLINE:
-               if (!cxt->online)
-                       break;
-               if (cxt->mode == LSCPU_OUTPUT_PARSABLE)
-                       snprintf(buf, bufsz, "%s",
-                                is_cpu_online(cxt, cpu) ? _("Y") : _("N"));
-               else
-                       snprintf(buf, bufsz, "%s",
-                                is_cpu_online(cxt, cpu) ? _("yes") : _("no"));
+               get_cell_boolean(cxt, !!cxt->online, is_cpu_online(cxt, cpu), buf, bufsz);
                break;
        case COL_CPU_MHZ:
-               if (cpu->mhz)
-                       xstrncpy(buf, cpu->mhz, bufsz);
+               if (cpu->mhz_cur_freq)
+                       snprintf(buf, bufsz, "%.4f", cpu->mhz_cur_freq);
+               break;
+       case COL_CPU_SCALMHZ:
+               if (cpu->mhz_cur_freq && cpu->mhz_max_freq)
+                       snprintf(buf, bufsz, "%.0f%%", cpu->mhz_cur_freq / cpu->mhz_max_freq * 100);
                break;
        case COL_CPU_MAXMHZ:
                if (cpu->mhz_max_freq)
@@ -427,6 +456,10 @@ static char *get_cell_data(
                if (cpu->mhz_min_freq)
                        snprintf(buf, bufsz, "%.4f", cpu->mhz_min_freq);
                break;
+       case COL_CPU_MODELNAME:
+               if (cpu->type && cpu->type->modelname)
+                       xstrncpy(buf, cpu->type->modelname, bufsz);
+               break;
        }
        return buf;
 }
@@ -503,7 +536,9 @@ static void caches_add_line(struct lscpu_cxt *cxt,
                        break;
                case COL_CACHE_ALLSIZE:
                {
-                       uint64_t sz = lscpu_get_cache_full_size(cxt, ca->name);
+                       uint64_t sz = 0;
+                       if (ca->name)
+                               sz = lscpu_get_cache_full_size(cxt, ca->name, NULL);
                        if (!sz)
                                break;
                        if (cxt->bytes)
@@ -574,8 +609,13 @@ static void print_caches_readable(struct lscpu_cxt *cxt, int cols[], size_t ncol
 
        for (i = 0; i < ncols; i++) {
                struct lscpu_coldesc *cd = &coldescs_cache[cols[i]];
-               if (!scols_table_new_column(tb, cd->name, 0, cd->flags))
+               struct libscols_column *cl;
+
+               cl = scols_table_new_column(tb, cd->name, 0, cd->flags);
+               if (cl == NULL)
                        err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("failed to allocate output column"));
+               if (cxt->json)
+                       scols_column_set_json_type(cl, cd->json_type);
        }
 
        /* standard caches */
@@ -724,8 +764,14 @@ static void print_cpus_readable(struct lscpu_cxt *cxt, int cols[], size_t ncols)
 
        for (i = 0; i < ncols; i++) {
                data = get_cell_header(cxt, cols[i], buf, sizeof(buf));
-               if (!scols_table_new_column(tb, data, 0, coldescs_cpu[cols[i]].flags))
+               struct lscpu_coldesc *cd = &coldescs_cpu[cols[i]];
+               struct libscols_column *cl;
+
+               cl = scols_table_new_column(tb, data, 0, cd->flags);
+               if (cl == NULL)
                        err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("failed to allocate output column"));
+               if (cxt->json)
+                       scols_column_set_json_type(cl, cd->json_type);
        }
 
        for (i = 0; i < cxt->npossibles; i++) {
@@ -771,8 +817,8 @@ static struct libscols_line *
        struct libscols_line *ln;
        va_list args;
 
-       /* Don't print section lines without data on non-terminal output */
-       if (!is_term && fmt == NULL)
+       /* Don't print section lines without data */
+       if (!hierarchic && fmt == NULL)
                return NULL;
 
        ln = scols_table_new_line(tb, sec);
@@ -809,13 +855,15 @@ print_cpuset(struct lscpu_cxt *cxt,
             const char *key, cpu_set_t *set)
 {
        size_t setbuflen = 7 * cxt->maxcpus;
-       char setbuf[setbuflen], *p;
+       char *setbuf, *p;
 
        assert(set);
        assert(key);
        assert(tb);
        assert(cxt);
 
+       setbuf = xmalloc(setbuflen);
+
        if (cxt->hex) {
                p = cpumask_create(setbuf, setbuflen, set, cxt->setsize);
                add_summary_s(tb, sec, key, p);
@@ -823,6 +871,8 @@ print_cpuset(struct lscpu_cxt *cxt,
                p = cpulist_create(setbuf, setbuflen, set, cxt->setsize);
                add_summary_s(tb, sec, key, p);
        }
+
+       free(setbuf);
 }
 
 static void
@@ -831,10 +881,11 @@ print_summary_cputype(struct lscpu_cxt *cxt,
                     struct libscols_table *tb,
                     struct libscols_line *sec)
 {
-       if (ct->modelname)
-               sec = add_summary_s(tb, sec, _("Model name:"), ct->modelname);
+       sec = add_summary_s(tb, sec, _("Model name:"), ct->modelname ? ct->modelname : "-");
        if (ct->bios_modelname)
                add_summary_s(tb, sec, _("BIOS Model name:"), ct->bios_modelname);
+       if (ct->bios_family)
+               add_summary_s(tb, sec, _("BIOS CPU family:"), ct->bios_family);
        if (ct->machinetype)
                add_summary_s(tb, sec, _("Machine type:"), ct->machinetype);
        if (ct->family)
@@ -843,7 +894,10 @@ print_summary_cputype(struct lscpu_cxt *cxt,
                add_summary_s(tb, sec, _("Model:"), ct->revision ? ct->revision : ct->model);
 
        add_summary_n(tb, sec, _("Thread(s) per core:"), ct->nthreads_per_core);
-       add_summary_n(tb, sec, _("Core(s) per socket:"), ct->ncores_per_socket);
+       if (cxt->is_cluster)
+               add_summary_n(tb, sec, _("Core(s) per cluster:"), ct->ncores_per_socket);
+       else
+               add_summary_n(tb, sec, _("Core(s) per socket:"), ct->ncores_per_socket);
 
        if (ct->nbooks) {
                add_summary_n(tb, sec, _("Socket(s) per book:"), ct->nsockets_per_book);
@@ -852,8 +906,19 @@ print_summary_cputype(struct lscpu_cxt *cxt,
                        add_summary_n(tb, sec, _("Drawer(s):"), ct->ndrawers_per_system ?: ct->ndrawers);
                } else
                        add_summary_n(tb, sec, _("Book(s):"), ct->nbooks_per_drawer ?: ct->nbooks);
-       } else
-               add_summary_n(tb, sec, _("Socket(s):"), ct->nsockets_per_book ?: ct->nsockets);
+       } else {
+               if (cxt->is_cluster) {
+                       if (ct->nr_socket_on_cluster > 0)
+                               add_summary_n(tb, sec, _("Socket(s):"), ct->nr_socket_on_cluster);
+                       else
+                               add_summary_s(tb, sec, _("Socket(s):"), "-");
+
+                       add_summary_n(tb, sec, _("Cluster(s):"),
+                                       ct->nsockets_per_book ?: ct->nsockets);
+               } else
+                       add_summary_n(tb, sec, _("Socket(s):"),
+                                       ct->nsockets_per_book ?: ct->nsockets);
+       }
 
        if (ct->stepping)
                add_summary_s(tb, sec, _("Stepping:"), ct->stepping);
@@ -868,11 +933,14 @@ print_summary_cputype(struct lscpu_cxt *cxt,
                add_summary_s(tb, sec, _("CPU static MHz:"), ct->static_mhz);
 
        if (ct->has_freq) {
+               float scal = lsblk_cputype_get_scalmhz(cxt, ct);
+               if (scal > 0.0)
+                       add_summary_x(tb, sec, _("CPU(s) scaling MHz:"), "%.0f%%", scal);
                add_summary_x(tb, sec, _("CPU max MHz:"), "%.4f", lsblk_cputype_get_maxmhz(cxt, ct));
                add_summary_x(tb, sec, _("CPU min MHz:"), "%.4f", lsblk_cputype_get_minmhz(cxt, ct));
        }
        if (ct->bogomips)
-               add_summary_s(tb, sec, _("BogoMIPS:"), ct->bogomips);
+               add_summary_x(tb, sec, _("BogoMIPS:"), "%.2f",  (float) c_strtod(ct->bogomips, NULL));
 
        if (ct->dispatching >= 0)
                add_summary_s(tb, sec, _("Dispatching mode:"), _(disp_modes[ct->dispatching]));
@@ -896,7 +964,8 @@ static void print_summary(struct lscpu_cxt *cxt)
        char field[256];
        size_t i = 0;
        struct libscols_table *tb;
-       struct libscols_line *sec = NULL;
+       struct libscols_line *sec;
+       int hdr_caches = 0;
 
        scols_init_debug(0);
 
@@ -908,7 +977,7 @@ static void print_summary(struct lscpu_cxt *cxt)
        if (cxt->json) {
                scols_table_enable_json(tb, 1);
                scols_table_set_name(tb, "lscpu");
-       } else if (is_term) {
+       } else if (hierarchic) {
                struct libscols_symbols *sy = scols_new_symbols();
 
                if (!sy)
@@ -920,16 +989,15 @@ static void print_summary(struct lscpu_cxt *cxt)
                scols_unref_symbols(sy);
        }
 
-       if (scols_table_new_column(tb, "field", 0, is_term ? SCOLS_FL_TREE : 0) == NULL ||
+       if (scols_table_new_column(tb, "field", 0, hierarchic ? SCOLS_FL_TREE : 0) == NULL ||
            scols_table_new_column(tb, "data", 0, SCOLS_FL_NOEXTREMES | SCOLS_FL_WRAP) == NULL)
                err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("failed to initialize output column"));
 
        ct = lscpu_cputype_get_default(cxt);
 
        /* Section: architecture */
-       if (cxt->arch)
-               sec = add_summary_s(tb, NULL, _("Architecture:"), cxt->arch->name);
-       if (cxt->arch && (cxt->arch->bit32 || cxt->arch->bit64)) {
+       sec = add_summary_s(tb, NULL, _("Architecture:"), cxt->arch->name);
+       if (cxt->arch->bit32 || cxt->arch->bit64) {
                char buf[32], *p = buf;
 
                if (cxt->arch->bit32) {
@@ -943,13 +1011,13 @@ static void print_summary(struct lscpu_cxt *cxt)
                *(p - 2) = '\0';
                add_summary_s(tb, sec, _("CPU op-mode(s):"), buf);
        }
-       if (ct->addrsz)
+       if (ct && ct->addrsz)
                add_summary_s(tb, sec, _("Address sizes:"), ct->addrsz);
-#if !defined(WORDS_BIGENDIAN)
-       add_summary_s(tb, sec, _("Byte Order:"), "Little Endian");
-#else
-       add_summary_s(tb, sec, _("Byte Order:"), "Big Endian");
-#endif
+
+       if (sysfs_get_byteorder(cxt->rootfs) == SYSFS_BYTEORDER_LITTLE)
+               add_summary_s(tb, sec, _("Byte Order:"), "Little Endian");
+       else
+               add_summary_s(tb, sec, _("Byte Order:"), "Big Endian");
 
        /* Section: CPU lists */
        sec = add_summary_n(tb, NULL, _("CPU(s):"), cxt->npresents);
@@ -985,9 +1053,9 @@ static void print_summary(struct lscpu_cxt *cxt)
        sec = NULL;
 
        /* Section: cpu type description */
-       if (ct->vendor)
+       if (ct && ct->vendor)
                sec = add_summary_s(tb, NULL, _("Vendor ID:"), ct->vendor);
-       if (ct->bios_vendor)
+       if (ct && ct->bios_vendor)
                add_summary_s(tb, sec, _("BIOS Vendor ID:"), ct->bios_vendor);
 
        for (i = 0; i < cxt->ncputypes; i++)
@@ -1018,52 +1086,61 @@ static void print_summary(struct lscpu_cxt *cxt)
                /* The caches are sorted by name, cxt->caches[] may contains
                 * multiple instances for the same name.
                 */
-               sec = add_summary_e(tb, NULL, _("Caches:"));
-
                for (i = 0; i < cxt->ncaches; i++) {
                        const char *name = cxt->caches[i].name;
                        uint64_t sz;
+                       int n = 0;
 
                        if (last && strcmp(last, name) == 0)
                                continue;
-                       sz = lscpu_get_cache_full_size(cxt, name);
+                       sz = lscpu_get_cache_full_size(cxt, name, &n);
                        if (!sz)
                                continue;
-                       snprintf(field, sizeof(field), is_term ? _("%s:") : _("%s cache:"), name);
+                       if (!hdr_caches) {
+                               sec = add_summary_e(tb, NULL, _("Caches (sum of all):"));
+                               hdr_caches = 1;
+                       }
+
+                       snprintf(field, sizeof(field), hierarchic ? _("%s:") : _("%s cache:"), name);
                        if (cxt->bytes)
-                               add_summary_x(tb, sec, field, "%" PRIu64, sz);
+                               add_summary_sprint(tb, sec, field,
+                                               P_("%" PRIu64 " (%d instance)",
+                                                  "%" PRIu64 " (%d instances)", n),
+                                               sz, n);
                        else {
                                char *tmp = size_to_human_string(
                                                SIZE_SUFFIX_3LETTER |
                                                SIZE_SUFFIX_SPACE,
                                                sz);
-                               add_summary_s(tb, sec, field, tmp);
+                               add_summary_sprint(tb, sec, field,
+                                               P_("%s (%d instance)",
+                                                  "%s (%d instances)", n),
+                                               tmp, n);
                                free(tmp);
                        }
                        last = name;
                }
        }
 
-       if (cxt->necaches) {
-               if (!cxt->ncaches)
-                       sec = add_summary_e(tb, NULL, _("Caches:"));
-
-               for (i = 0; i < cxt->necaches; i++) {
-                       struct lscpu_cache *ca = &cxt->ecaches[i];
+       for (i = 0; i < cxt->necaches; i++) {
+               struct lscpu_cache *ca = &cxt->ecaches[i];
 
-                       if (ca->size == 0)
-                               continue;
-                       snprintf(field, sizeof(field), is_term ? _("%s:") : _("%s cache:"), ca->name);
-                       if (cxt->bytes)
-                               add_summary_x(tb, sec, field, "%" PRIu64, ca->size);
-                       else {
-                               char *tmp = size_to_human_string(
-                                               SIZE_SUFFIX_3LETTER |
-                                               SIZE_SUFFIX_SPACE,
-                                               ca->size);
-                               add_summary_s(tb, sec, field, tmp);
-                               free(tmp);
-                       }
+               if (ca->size == 0)
+                       continue;
+               if (!hdr_caches) {
+                       sec = add_summary_e(tb, NULL, _("Caches:"));
+                       hdr_caches = 1;
+               }
+               snprintf(field, sizeof(field), hierarchic ? _("%s:") : _("%s cache:"), ca->name);
+               if (cxt->bytes)
+                       add_summary_x(tb, sec, field, "%" PRIu64, ca->size);
+               else {
+                       char *tmp = size_to_human_string(
+                                       SIZE_SUFFIX_3LETTER |
+                                       SIZE_SUFFIX_SPACE,
+                                       ca->size);
+                       add_summary_s(tb, sec, field, tmp);
+                       free(tmp);
                }
        }
        sec = NULL;
@@ -1085,7 +1162,7 @@ static void print_summary(struct lscpu_cxt *cxt)
                sec = add_summary_e(tb, NULL, _("Vulnerabilities:"));
 
                for (i = 0; i < cxt->nvuls; i++) {
-                       snprintf(field, sizeof(field), is_term ?
+                       snprintf(field, sizeof(field), hierarchic ?
                                        _("%s:") : _("Vulnerability %s:"), cxt->vuls[i].name);
                        add_summary_s(tb, sec, field, cxt->vuls[i].text);
                }
@@ -1118,9 +1195,10 @@ static void __attribute__((__noreturn__)) usage(void)
        fputs(_(" -s, --sysroot <dir>     use specified directory as system root\n"), out);
        fputs(_(" -x, --hex               print hexadecimal masks rather than lists of CPUs\n"), out);
        fputs(_(" -y, --physical          print physical instead of logical IDs\n"), out);
+       fputs(_("     --hierarchic[=when] use subsections in summary (auto, never, always)\n"), out);
        fputs(_("     --output-all        print all available columns for -e, -p or -C\n"), out);
        fputs(USAGE_SEPARATOR, out);
-       printf(USAGE_HELP_OPTIONS(25));
+       fprintf(out, USAGE_HELP_OPTIONS(25));
 
        fputs(_("\nAvailable output columns for -e or -p:\n"), out);
        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(coldescs_cpu); i++)
@@ -1130,7 +1208,7 @@ static void __attribute__((__noreturn__)) usage(void)
        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(coldescs_cache); i++)
                fprintf(out, " %13s  %s\n", coldescs_cache[i].name, _(coldescs_cache[i].help));
 
-       printf(USAGE_MAN_TAIL("lscpu(1)"));
+       fprintf(out, USAGE_MAN_TAIL("lscpu(1)"));
 
        exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
 }
@@ -1139,11 +1217,13 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
        struct lscpu_cxt *cxt;
        int c, all = 0;
-       int columns[ARRAY_SIZE(coldescs_cpu)], ncolumns = 0;
+       int columns[ARRAY_SIZE(coldescs_cpu)];
        int cpu_modifier_specified = 0;
-       size_t i;
+       char *outarg = NULL;
+       size_t i, ncolumns = 0;
        enum {
                OPT_OUTPUT_ALL = CHAR_MAX + 1,
+               OPT_HIERARCHIC,
        };
        static const struct option longopts[] = {
                { "all",        no_argument,       NULL, 'a' },
@@ -1160,6 +1240,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                { "hex",        no_argument,       NULL, 'x' },
                { "version",    no_argument,       NULL, 'V' },
                { "output-all", no_argument,       NULL, OPT_OUTPUT_ALL },
+               { "hierarchic", optional_argument, NULL, OPT_HIERARCHIC },
                { NULL,         0, NULL, 0 }
        };
 
@@ -1201,11 +1282,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                        if (optarg) {
                                if (*optarg == '=')
                                        optarg++;
-                               ncolumns = string_to_idarray(optarg,
-                                               columns, ARRAY_SIZE(columns),
-                                               cache_column_name_to_id);
-                               if (ncolumns < 0)
-                                       return EXIT_FAILURE;
+                               outarg = optarg;
                        }
                        cxt->mode = LSCPU_OUTPUT_CACHES;
                        break;
@@ -1217,11 +1294,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                        if (optarg) {
                                if (*optarg == '=')
                                        optarg++;
-                               ncolumns = string_to_idarray(optarg,
-                                               columns, ARRAY_SIZE(columns),
-                                               cpu_column_name_to_id);
-                               if (ncolumns < 0)
-                                       return EXIT_FAILURE;
+                               outarg = optarg;
                        }
                        cxt->mode = c == 'p' ? LSCPU_OUTPUT_PARSABLE : LSCPU_OUTPUT_READABLE;
                        break;
@@ -1238,7 +1311,19 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                case OPT_OUTPUT_ALL:
                        all = 1;
                        break;
-
+               case OPT_HIERARCHIC:
+                       if (optarg) {
+                               if (strcmp(optarg, "auto") == 0)
+                                       hierarchic = -1;
+                               else if (strcmp(optarg, "never") == 0)
+                                       hierarchic = 0;
+                               else if (strcmp(optarg, "always") == 0)
+                                       hierarchic = 1;
+                               else
+                                       errx(EXIT_FAILURE, _("unsupported --flat argument"));
+                       } else
+                               hierarchic = 1;
+                       break;
                case 'h':
                        usage();
                case 'V':
@@ -1276,7 +1361,6 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                cxt->show_offline = cxt->mode == LSCPU_OUTPUT_READABLE ? 1 : 0;
        }
 
-       is_term = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO);        /* global variable */
 
        lscpu_init_debug();
 
@@ -1295,6 +1379,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
        cxt->virt = lscpu_read_virtualization(cxt);
 
+       if (hierarchic == -1)
+               hierarchic = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO);     /* default */
+
        switch(cxt->mode) {
        case LSCPU_OUTPUT_SUMMARY:
                print_summary(cxt);
@@ -1311,6 +1398,11 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                        columns[ncolumns++] = COL_CACHE_PHYLINE;
                        columns[ncolumns++] = COL_CACHE_COHERENCYSIZE;
                }
+               if (outarg && string_add_to_idarray(outarg, columns,
+                                       ARRAY_SIZE(columns),
+                                       &ncolumns, cache_column_name_to_id) < 0)
+                       return EXIT_FAILURE;
+
                print_caches_readable(cxt, columns, ncolumns);
                break;
        case LSCPU_OUTPUT_READABLE:
@@ -1325,8 +1417,12 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                                columns[ncolumns++] = COL_CPU_DRAWER;
                        if (ct && ct->nbooks)
                                columns[ncolumns++] = COL_CPU_BOOK;
-                       if (ct && ct->nsockets)
-                               columns[ncolumns++] = COL_CPU_SOCKET;
+                       if (ct && ct->nsockets) {
+                               if (cxt->is_cluster)
+                                       columns[ncolumns++] = COL_CPU_CLUSTER;
+                               else
+                                       columns[ncolumns++] = COL_CPU_SOCKET;
+                       }
                        if (ct && ct->ncores)
                                columns[ncolumns++] = COL_CPU_CORE;
                        if (cxt->ncaches)
@@ -1342,19 +1438,35 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                        if (ct && ct->has_freq) {
                                columns[ncolumns++] = COL_CPU_MAXMHZ;
                                columns[ncolumns++] = COL_CPU_MINMHZ;
+                               columns[ncolumns++] = COL_CPU_MHZ;
                        }
                }
+               if (outarg && string_add_to_idarray(outarg, columns,
+                                       ARRAY_SIZE(columns),
+                                       &ncolumns, cpu_column_name_to_id) < 0)
+                       return EXIT_FAILURE;
                print_cpus_readable(cxt, columns, ncolumns);
                break;
        case LSCPU_OUTPUT_PARSABLE:
+               cxt->show_compatible = 1;
                if (!ncolumns) {
                        columns[ncolumns++] = COL_CPU_CPU;
                        columns[ncolumns++] = COL_CPU_CORE;
-                       columns[ncolumns++] = COL_CPU_SOCKET;
+                       if (cxt->is_cluster)
+                               columns[ncolumns++] = COL_CPU_CLUSTER;
+                       else
+                               columns[ncolumns++] = COL_CPU_SOCKET;
                        columns[ncolumns++] = COL_CPU_NODE;
                        columns[ncolumns++] = COL_CPU_CACHE;
-                       cxt->show_compatible = 1;
                }
+               if (outarg) {
+                       if (string_add_to_idarray(outarg, columns,
+                                       ARRAY_SIZE(columns),
+                                       &ncolumns, cpu_column_name_to_id) < 0)
+                               return EXIT_FAILURE;
+                       cxt->show_compatible = 0;
+               }
+
                print_cpus_parsable(cxt, columns, ncolumns);
                break;
        }