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1 /*
2 * BIRD -- OSPF
3 *
4 * (c) 1999--2005 Ondrej Filip <feela@network.cz>
5 * (c) 2009--2014 Ondrej Zajicek <santiago@crfreenet.org>
6 * (c) 2009--2014 CZ.NIC z.s.p.o.
7 *
8 * Can be freely distributed and used under the terms of the GNU GPL.
9 */
10
11 #include "ospf.h"
12 #include "nest/password.h"
13 #include "lib/md5.h"
14 #include "lib/mac.h"
15 #include "lib/socket.h"
16
17 void
18 ospf_pkt_fill_hdr(struct ospf_iface *ifa, void *buf, u8 h_type)
19 {
20 struct ospf_proto *p = ifa->oa->po;
21 struct ospf_packet *pkt;
22
23 pkt = (struct ospf_packet *) buf;
24
25 pkt->version = ospf_get_version(p);
26 pkt->type = h_type;
27 pkt->length = htons(ospf_pkt_maxsize(ifa));
28 pkt->routerid = htonl(p->router_id);
29 pkt->areaid = htonl(ifa->oa->areaid);
30 pkt->checksum = 0;
31 pkt->instance_id = ifa->instance_id;
32 pkt->autype = ospf_is_v2(p) ? ifa->autype : 0;
33 }
34
35 /* We assume OSPFv2 in ospf_pkt_finalize() */
36 static void
37 ospf_pkt_finalize2(struct ospf_iface *ifa, struct ospf_packet *pkt, uint *plen)
38 {
39 struct ospf_proto *p = ifa->oa->po;
40 struct password_item *pass = NULL;
41 union ospf_auth2 *auth = (void *) (pkt + 1);
42 memset(auth, 0, sizeof(union ospf_auth2));
43
44 /* Compatibility note: auth may contain anything if autype is
45 none, but nonzero values do not work with Mikrotik OSPF */
46
47 pkt->checksum = 0;
48 pkt->autype = ifa->autype;
49
50 switch (ifa->autype)
51 {
52 case OSPF_AUTH_SIMPLE:
53 pass = password_find(ifa->passwords, 1);
54 if (!pass)
55 {
56 log(L_ERR "No suitable password found for authentication");
57 return;
58 }
59 strncpy(auth->password, pass->password, sizeof(auth->password));
60 /* fallthrough */
61
62 case OSPF_AUTH_NONE:
63 {
64 void *body = (void *) (auth + 1);
65 uint blen = *plen - sizeof(struct ospf_packet) - sizeof(union ospf_auth2);
66 pkt->checksum = ipsum_calculate(pkt, sizeof(struct ospf_packet), body, blen, NULL);
67 }
68 break;
69
70 case OSPF_AUTH_CRYPT:
71 pass = password_find(ifa->passwords, 0);
72 if (!pass)
73 {
74 log(L_ERR "%s: No suitable password found for authentication", p->p.name);
75 return;
76 }
77
78 /* Perhaps use random value to prevent replay attacks after
79 reboot when system does not have independent RTC? */
80 if (!ifa->csn)
81 {
82 ifa->csn = (u32) (current_real_time() TO_S);
83 ifa->csn_use = current_time();
84 }
85
86 /* We must have sufficient delay between sending a packet and increasing
87 CSN to prevent reordering of packets (in a network) with different CSNs */
88 if ((current_time() - ifa->csn_use) > 1 S)
89 ifa->csn++;
90
91 ifa->csn_use = current_time();
92
93 uint auth_len = mac_type_length(pass->alg);
94 byte *auth_tail = ((byte *) pkt + *plen);
95 *plen += auth_len;
96
97 ASSERT(*plen < ifa->sk->tbsize);
98
99 auth->c32.zero = 0;
100 auth->c32.keyid = pass->id;
101 auth->c32.len = auth_len;
102 auth->c32.csn = htonl(ifa->csn);
103
104 /* Append key for keyed hash, append padding for HMAC (RFC 5709 3.3) */
105 if (pass->alg < ALG_HMAC)
106 strncpy(auth_tail, pass->password, auth_len);
107 else
108 memset32(auth_tail, HMAC_MAGIC, auth_len / 4);
109
110 mac_fill(pass->alg, pass->password, pass->length, (byte *) pkt, *plen, auth_tail);
111 break;
112
113 default:
114 bug("Unknown authentication type");
115 }
116 }
117
118 /*
119 * Return an extra packet size that should be added to a final packet size
120 */
121 static void
122 ospf_pkt_finalize3(struct ospf_iface *ifa, struct ospf_packet *pkt, uint *plen, ip_addr src)
123 {
124 struct ospf_proto *p = ifa->oa->po;
125 struct ospf_auth3 *auth = (void *) ((byte *) pkt + *plen);
126
127 pkt->checksum = 0;
128 pkt->autype = 0;
129
130 if (ifa->autype != OSPF_AUTH_CRYPT)
131 return;
132
133 struct password_item *pass = password_find(ifa->passwords, 0);
134 if (!pass)
135 {
136 log(L_ERR "%s: No suitable password found for authentication", p->p.name);
137 return;
138 }
139
140 /* FIXME: Ensure persistence */
141 p->csn64++;
142
143 uint mac_len = mac_type_length(pass->alg);
144 uint auth_len = sizeof(struct ospf_auth3) + mac_len;
145 *plen += auth_len;
146
147 ASSERT(*plen < ifa->sk->tbsize);
148
149 memset(auth, 0, sizeof(struct ospf_auth3));
150 auth->type = htons(OSPF3_AUTH_HMAC);
151 auth->length = htons(auth_len);
152 auth->reserved = 0;
153 auth->sa_id = htons(pass->id);
154 put_u64(&auth->csn, p->csn64);
155
156 /* Initialize with src IP address padded with HMAC_MAGIC */
157 put_ip6(auth->data, ipa_to_ip6(src));
158 memset32(auth->data + 16, HMAC_MAGIC, (mac_len - 16) / 4);
159
160 /* Attach OSPFv3 Cryptographic Protocol ID to the key */
161 uint pass_len = pass->length + 2;
162 byte *pass_key = alloca(pass_len);
163 memcpy(pass_key, pass->password, pass->length);
164 put_u16(pass_key + pass->length, OSPF3_CRYPTO_ID);
165
166 mac_fill(pass->alg, pass_key, pass_len, (byte *) pkt, *plen, auth->data);
167 }
168
169
170 static int
171 ospf_pkt_checkauth2(struct ospf_neighbor *n, struct ospf_iface *ifa, struct ospf_packet *pkt, uint len)
172 {
173 struct ospf_proto *p = ifa->oa->po;
174 union ospf_auth2 *auth = (void *) (pkt + 1);
175 struct password_item *pass = NULL;
176 const char *err_dsc = NULL;
177 uint err_val = 0;
178
179 uint plen = ntohs(pkt->length);
180 u8 autype = pkt->autype;
181
182 if (autype != ifa->autype)
183 DROP("authentication method mismatch", autype);
184
185 switch (autype)
186 {
187 case OSPF_AUTH_NONE:
188 return 1;
189
190 case OSPF_AUTH_SIMPLE:
191 pass = password_find(ifa->passwords, 1);
192 if (!pass)
193 DROP1("no password found");
194
195 if (!password_verify(pass, auth->password, sizeof(auth->password)))
196 DROP("wrong password", pass->id);
197
198 return 1;
199
200 case OSPF_AUTH_CRYPT:
201 pass = password_find_by_id(ifa->passwords, auth->c32.keyid);
202 if (!pass)
203 DROP("no suitable password found", auth->c32.keyid);
204
205 uint auth_len = mac_type_length(pass->alg);
206
207 if (plen + auth->c32.len > len)
208 DROP("packet length mismatch", len);
209
210 if (auth->c32.len != auth_len)
211 DROP("wrong authentication length", auth->c32.len);
212
213 u32 rcv_csn = ntohl(auth->c32.csn);
214 if (n && (rcv_csn < n->csn))
215 // DROP("lower sequence number", rcv_csn);
216 {
217 /* We want to report both new and old CSN */
218 LOG_PKT_AUTH("Authentication failed for nbr %R on %s - "
219 "lower sequence number (rcv %u, old %u)",
220 n->rid, ifa->ifname, rcv_csn, n->csn);
221 return 0;
222 }
223
224 byte *auth_tail = ((byte *) pkt) + plen;
225 byte *auth_data = alloca(auth_len);
226 memcpy(auth_data, auth_tail, auth_len);
227
228 /* Append key for keyed hash, append padding for HMAC (RFC 5709 3.3) */
229 if (pass->alg < ALG_HMAC)
230 strncpy(auth_tail, pass->password, auth_len);
231 else
232 memset32(auth_tail, HMAC_MAGIC, auth_len / 4);
233
234 if (!mac_verify(pass->alg, pass->password, pass->length,
235 (byte *) pkt, plen + auth_len, auth_data))
236 DROP("wrong authentication code", pass->id);
237
238 if (n)
239 n->csn = rcv_csn;
240
241 return 1;
242
243 default:
244 bug("Unknown authentication type");
245 }
246
247 drop:
248 LOG_PKT_AUTH("Authentication failed for nbr %R on %s - %s (%u)",
249 (n ? n->rid : ntohl(pkt->routerid)), ifa->ifname, err_dsc, err_val);
250
251 return 0;
252 }
253
254 static int
255 ospf_pkt_checkauth3(struct ospf_neighbor *n, struct ospf_iface *ifa, struct ospf_packet *pkt, uint len, ip_addr src)
256 {
257 struct ospf_proto *p = ifa->oa->po;
258 const char *err_dsc = NULL;
259 uint err_val = 0;
260
261 uint plen = ntohs(pkt->length);
262 uint opts, lls_present, auth_present;
263
264 /*
265 * When autentication is not enabled, ignore the trailer. This is different
266 * from OSPFv2, but it is necessary in order to support migration modes. Note
267 * that regular authenticated packets do not have valid checksum and will be
268 * dropped by OS on non-authenticated ifaces.
269 */
270 if (ifa->autype != OSPF_AUTH_CRYPT)
271 return 1;
272
273 switch(pkt->type)
274 {
275 case HELLO_P:
276 opts = ospf_hello3_options(pkt);
277 lls_present = opts & OPT_L_V3;
278 auth_present = opts & OPT_AT;
279 break;
280
281 case DBDES_P:
282 opts = ospf_dbdes3_options(pkt);
283 lls_present = opts & OPT_L_V3;
284 auth_present = opts & OPT_AT;
285 break;
286
287 default:
288 lls_present = 0;
289 auth_present = n->options & OPT_AT;
290 }
291
292 if (!auth_present)
293 DROP1("missing authentication trailer");
294
295 if (lls_present)
296 {
297 if ((plen + sizeof(struct ospf_lls)) > len)
298 DROP("packet length mismatch", len);
299
300 struct ospf_lls *lls = (void *) ((byte *) pkt + plen);
301 plen += ntohs(lls->length);
302 }
303
304 if ((plen + sizeof(struct ospf_auth3)) > len)
305 DROP("packet length mismatch", len);
306
307 struct ospf_auth3 *auth = (void *) ((byte *) pkt + plen);
308
309 uint rcv_auth_type = ntohs(auth->type);
310 if (rcv_auth_type != OSPF3_AUTH_HMAC)
311 DROP("authentication method mismatch", rcv_auth_type);
312
313 uint rcv_auth_len = ntohs(auth->length);
314 if (plen + rcv_auth_len > len)
315 DROP("packet length mismatch", len);
316
317 uint rcv_key_id = ntohs(auth->sa_id);
318 struct password_item *pass = password_find_by_id(ifa->passwords, rcv_key_id);
319 if (!pass)
320 DROP("no suitable password found", rcv_key_id);
321
322 uint mac_len = mac_type_length(pass->alg);
323 if (rcv_auth_len != (sizeof(struct ospf_auth3) + mac_len))
324 DROP("wrong authentication length", rcv_auth_len);
325
326 uint pt = pkt->type - 1;
327 u64 rcv_csn = get_u64(&auth->csn);
328 if (n && (rcv_csn <= n->csn64[pt]))
329 {
330 /* We want to report both new and old CSN */
331 LOG_PKT_AUTH("Authentication failed for nbr %R on %s - "
332 "lower sequence number (rcv %u, old %u)",
333 n->rid, ifa->ifname, (uint) rcv_csn, (uint) n->csn64[pt]);
334 return 0;
335 }
336
337 /* Save the received authentication data */
338 byte *auth_data = alloca(mac_len);
339 memcpy(auth_data, auth->data, mac_len);
340
341 /* Initialize with src IP address padded with HMAC_MAGIC */
342 put_ip6(auth->data, ipa_to_ip6(src));
343 memset32(auth->data + 16, HMAC_MAGIC, (mac_len - 16) / 4);
344
345 /* Attach OSPFv3 Cryptographic Protocol ID to the key */
346 uint pass_len = pass->length + 2;
347 byte *pass_key = alloca(pass_len);
348 memcpy(pass_key, pass->password, pass->length);
349 put_u16(pass_key + pass->length, OSPF3_CRYPTO_ID);
350
351 if (!mac_verify(pass->alg, pass_key, pass_len,
352 (byte *) pkt, plen + rcv_auth_len, auth_data))
353 DROP("wrong authentication code", pass->id);
354
355 if (n)
356 n->csn64[pt] = rcv_csn;
357
358 return 1;
359
360 drop:
361 LOG_PKT_AUTH("Authentication failed for nbr %R on %s - %s (%u)",
362 (n ? n->rid : ntohl(pkt->routerid)), ifa->ifname, err_dsc, err_val);
363
364 return 0;
365 }
366
367 /**
368 * ospf_rx_hook
369 * @sk: socket we received the packet.
370 * @len: length of the packet
371 *
372 * This is the entry point for messages from neighbors. Many checks (like
373 * authentication, checksums, size) are done before the packet is passed to
374 * non generic functions.
375 */
376 int
377 ospf_rx_hook(sock *sk, uint len)
378 {
379 /* We want just packets from sk->iface. Unfortunately, on BSD we cannot filter
380 out other packets at kernel level and we receive all packets on all sockets */
381 if (sk->lifindex != sk->iface->index)
382 return 1;
383
384 DBG("OSPF: RX hook called (iface %s, src %I, dst %I)\n",
385 sk->iface->name, sk->faddr, sk->laddr);
386
387 /* Initially, the packet is associated with the 'master' iface */
388 struct ospf_iface *ifa = sk->data;
389 struct ospf_proto *p = ifa->oa->po;
390 const char *err_dsc = NULL;
391 uint err_val = 0;
392
393 /* Should not happen */
394 if (ifa->state <= OSPF_IS_LOOP)
395 return 1;
396
397 int src_local, dst_local, dst_mcast;
398 src_local = ipa_in_netX(sk->faddr, &ifa->addr->prefix);
399 dst_local = ipa_equal(sk->laddr, ifa->addr->ip);
400 dst_mcast = ipa_equal(sk->laddr, ifa->all_routers) || ipa_equal(sk->laddr, ifa->des_routers);
401
402 if (ospf_is_v2(p))
403 {
404 /* First, we eliminate packets with strange address combinations.
405 * In OSPFv2, they might be for other ospf_ifaces (with different IP
406 * prefix) on the same real iface, so we don't log it. We enforce
407 * that (src_local || dst_local), therefore we are eliminating all
408 * such cases.
409 */
410 if (dst_mcast && !src_local)
411 return 1;
412 if (!dst_mcast && !dst_local)
413 return 1;
414
415 /* Ignore my own broadcast packets */
416 if (ifa->cf->real_bcast && ipa_equal(sk->faddr, ifa->addr->ip))
417 return 1;
418 }
419 else
420 {
421 /* In OSPFv3, src_local and dst_local mean link-local.
422 * RFC 5340 says that local (non-vlink) packets use
423 * link-local src address, but does not enforce it. Strange.
424 */
425 if (dst_mcast && !src_local)
426 LOG_PKT_WARN("Multicast packet received from non-link-local %I via %s",
427 sk->faddr, ifa->ifname);
428 }
429
430 /* Second, we check packet length, checksum, and the protocol version */
431 struct ospf_packet *pkt = (void *) sk_rx_buffer(sk, &len);
432
433
434 if (pkt == NULL)
435 DROP("bad IP header", len);
436
437 if (len < sizeof(struct ospf_packet))
438 DROP("too short", len);
439
440 if (pkt->version != ospf_get_version(p))
441 DROP("version mismatch", pkt->version);
442
443 uint plen = ntohs(pkt->length);
444 if ((plen < sizeof(struct ospf_packet)) || ((plen % 4) != 0))
445 DROP("invalid length", plen);
446
447 if (sk->flags & SKF_TRUNCATED)
448 {
449 /* If we have dynamic buffers and received truncated message, we expand RX buffer */
450
451 uint bs = plen + 256;
452 bs = BIRD_ALIGN(bs, 1024);
453
454 if (!ifa->cf->rx_buffer && (bs > sk->rbsize))
455 sk_set_rbsize(sk, bs);
456
457 DROP("truncated", plen);
458 }
459
460 if (plen > len)
461 DROP("length mismatch", plen);
462
463 if (ospf_is_v2(p) && (pkt->autype != OSPF_AUTH_CRYPT))
464 {
465 uint hlen = sizeof(struct ospf_packet) + sizeof(union ospf_auth2);
466 uint blen = plen - hlen;
467 void *body = ((void *) pkt) + hlen;
468
469 if (!ipsum_verify(pkt, sizeof(struct ospf_packet), body, blen, NULL))
470 DROP("invalid checksum", ntohs(pkt->checksum));
471 }
472
473 /* Third, we resolve associated iface and handle vlinks. */
474
475 u32 areaid = ntohl(pkt->areaid);
476 u32 rid = ntohl(pkt->routerid);
477 u8 instance_id = pkt->instance_id;
478
479 if (areaid == ifa->oa->areaid)
480 {
481 /* Matching area ID */
482
483 if (instance_id != ifa->instance_id)
484 return 1;
485
486 /* It is real iface, source should be local (in OSPFv2) */
487 if (ospf_is_v2(p) && !src_local)
488 DROP1("strange source address");
489
490 goto found;
491 }
492 else if ((areaid == 0) && !dst_mcast)
493 {
494 /* Backbone area ID and possible vlink packet */
495
496 if ((p->areano == 1) || !oa_is_ext(ifa->oa))
497 return 1;
498
499 struct ospf_iface *iff = NULL;
500 WALK_LIST(iff, p->iface_list)
501 {
502 if ((iff->type == OSPF_IT_VLINK) &&
503 (iff->voa == ifa->oa) &&
504 (iff->instance_id == instance_id) &&
505 (iff->vid == rid))
506 {
507 /* Vlink should be UP */
508 if (iff->state != OSPF_IS_PTP)
509 return 1;
510
511 ifa = iff;
512 goto found;
513 }
514 }
515
516 /*
517 * Cannot find matching vlink. It is either misconfigured vlink; NBMA or
518 * PtMP with misconfigured area ID, or packet for some other instance (that
519 * is possible even if instance_id == ifa->instance_id, because it may be
520 * also vlink packet in the other instance, which is different namespace).
521 */
522
523 return 1;
524 }
525 else
526 {
527 /* Non-matching area ID but cannot be vlink packet */
528
529 if (instance_id != ifa->instance_id)
530 return 1;
531
532 DROP("area mismatch", areaid);
533 }
534
535
536 found:
537 if (ifa->stub) /* This shouldn't happen */
538 return 1;
539
540 if (ipa_equal(sk->laddr, ifa->des_routers) && (ifa->sk_dr == 0))
541 return 1;
542
543 /* TTL check must be done after instance dispatch */
544 if (ifa->check_ttl && (sk->rcv_ttl < 255))
545 DROP("wrong TTL", sk->rcv_ttl);
546
547 if (rid == p->router_id)
548 DROP1("my own router ID");
549
550 if (rid == 0)
551 DROP1("zero router ID");
552
553 /* In OSPFv2, neighbors are identified by either IP or Router ID, based on network type */
554 uint t = ifa->type;
555 struct ospf_neighbor *n;
556 if (ospf_is_v2(p) && ((t == OSPF_IT_BCAST) || (t == OSPF_IT_NBMA) || (t == OSPF_IT_PTMP)))
557 n = find_neigh_by_ip(ifa, sk->faddr);
558 else
559 n = find_neigh(ifa, rid);
560
561 if (!n && (pkt->type != HELLO_P))
562 {
563 OSPF_TRACE(D_PACKETS, "Non-HELLO packet received from unknown nbr %R on %s, src %I",
564 rid, ifa->ifname, sk->faddr);
565 return 1;
566 }
567
568 /* Check packet type here, ospf_pkt_checkauth3() expects valid values */
569 if (pkt->type < HELLO_P || pkt->type > LSACK_P)
570 DROP("invalid packet type", pkt->type);
571
572 /* ospf_pkt_checkauth() has its own error logging */
573 if ((ospf_is_v2(p) ?
574 !ospf_pkt_checkauth2(n, ifa, pkt, len) :
575 !ospf_pkt_checkauth3(n, ifa, pkt, len, sk->faddr)))
576 return 1;
577
578 switch (pkt->type)
579 {
580 case HELLO_P:
581 ospf_receive_hello(pkt, ifa, n, sk->faddr);
582 break;
583
584 case DBDES_P:
585 ospf_receive_dbdes(pkt, ifa, n);
586 break;
587
588 case LSREQ_P:
589 ospf_receive_lsreq(pkt, ifa, n);
590 break;
591
592 case LSUPD_P:
593 ospf_receive_lsupd(pkt, ifa, n);
594 break;
595
596 case LSACK_P:
597 ospf_receive_lsack(pkt, ifa, n);
598 break;
599 };
600 return 1;
601
602 drop:
603 LOG_PKT("Bad packet from %I via %s - %s (%u)",
604 sk->faddr, ifa->ifname, err_dsc, err_val);
605
606 return 1;
607 }
608
609 /*
610 void
611 ospf_tx_hook(sock * sk)
612 {
613 struct ospf_iface *ifa= (struct ospf_iface *) (sk->data);
614 // struct proto *p = (struct proto *) (ifa->oa->p);
615 log(L_ERR "OSPF: TX hook called on %s", ifa->ifname);
616 }
617 */
618
619 void
620 ospf_err_hook(sock * sk, int err)
621 {
622 struct ospf_iface *ifa = (struct ospf_iface *) (sk->data);
623 struct ospf_proto *p = ifa->oa->po;
624 log(L_ERR "%s: Socket error on %s: %M", p->p.name, ifa->ifname, err);
625 }
626
627 void
628 ospf_verr_hook(sock *sk, int err)
629 {
630 struct ospf_proto *p = (struct ospf_proto *) (sk->data);
631 log(L_ERR "%s: Vlink socket error: %M", p->p.name, err);
632 }
633
634 void
635 ospf_send_to(struct ospf_iface *ifa, ip_addr dst)
636 {
637 sock *sk = ifa->sk;
638 struct ospf_packet *pkt = (struct ospf_packet *) sk->tbuf;
639 uint plen = ntohs(pkt->length);
640
641 if (ospf_is_v2(ifa->oa->po))
642 ospf_pkt_finalize2(ifa, pkt, &plen);
643 else
644 ospf_pkt_finalize3(ifa, pkt, &plen, sk->saddr);
645
646 int done = sk_send_to(sk, plen, dst, 0);
647 if (!done)
648 log(L_WARN "OSPF: TX queue full on %s", ifa->ifname);
649 }
650
651 void
652 ospf_send_to_agt(struct ospf_iface *ifa, u8 state)
653 {
654 struct ospf_neighbor *n;
655
656 WALK_LIST(n, ifa->neigh_list)
657 if (n->state >= state)
658 ospf_send_to(ifa, n->ip);
659 }
660
661 void
662 ospf_send_to_bdr(struct ospf_iface *ifa)
663 {
664 if (ipa_nonzero2(ifa->drip))
665 ospf_send_to(ifa, ifa->drip);
666 if (ipa_nonzero2(ifa->bdrip))
667 ospf_send_to(ifa, ifa->bdrip);
668 }