[thirdparty/cups.git] / doc / help / api-array.html

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<!--
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  Copyright 2008-2011 by Apple Inc.

  These coded instructions, statements, and computer programs are the
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  law.  Distribution and use rights are outlined in the file "LICENSE.txt"
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<h1 class='title'>Array API</h1>

<div class='summary'><table summary='General Information'>
<thead>
<tr>
	<th>Header</th>
	<th>cups/array.h</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
	<th>Library</th>
	<td>-lcups</td>
</tr>
<tr>
	<th>See Also</th>
	<td>Programming: <a href='api-overview.html' target='_top'>Introduction to CUPS Programming</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<h2 class="title">Contents</h2>
<ul class="contents">
<li><a href="#OVERVIEW">Overview</a><ul class="subcontents">
	<li><a href="#MANAGING_ARRAYS">Managing Arrays</a></li>
	<li><a href="#FINDING_AND_ENUMERATING">Finding and Enumerating Elements</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="#FUNCTIONS">Functions</a><ul class="code">
	<li><a href="#cupsArrayAdd" title="Add an element to the array.">cupsArrayAdd</a></li>
	<li><a href="#cupsArrayClear" title="Clear the array.">cupsArrayClear</a></li>
	<li><a href="#cupsArrayCount" title="Get the number of elements in the array.">cupsArrayCount</a></li>
	<li><a href="#cupsArrayCurrent" title="Return the current element in the array.">cupsArrayCurrent</a></li>
	<li><a href="#cupsArrayDelete" title="Free all memory used by the array.">cupsArrayDelete</a></li>
	<li><a href="#cupsArrayDup" title="Duplicate the array.">cupsArrayDup</a></li>
	<li><a href="#cupsArrayFind" title="Find an element in the array.">cupsArrayFind</a></li>
	<li><a href="#cupsArrayFirst" title="Get the first element in the array.">cupsArrayFirst</a></li>
	<li><a href="#cupsArrayGetIndex" title="Get the index of the current element.">cupsArrayGetIndex</a></li>
	<li><a href="#cupsArrayGetInsert" title="Get the index of the last inserted element.">cupsArrayGetInsert</a></li>
	<li><a href="#cupsArrayIndex" title="Get the N-th element in the array.">cupsArrayIndex</a></li>
	<li><a href="#cupsArrayInsert" title="Insert an element in the array.">cupsArrayInsert</a></li>
	<li><a href="#cupsArrayLast" title="Get the last element in the array.">cupsArrayLast</a></li>
	<li><a href="#cupsArrayNew" title="Create a new array.">cupsArrayNew</a></li>
	<li><a href="#cupsArrayNew2" title="Create a new array with hash.">cupsArrayNew2</a></li>
	<li><a href="#cupsArrayNew3" title="Create a new array with hash and/or free function.">cupsArrayNew3</a></li>
	<li><a href="#cupsArrayNext" title="Get the next element in the array.">cupsArrayNext</a></li>
	<li><a href="#cupsArrayPrev" title="Get the previous element in the array.">cupsArrayPrev</a></li>
	<li><a href="#cupsArrayRemove" title="Remove an element from the array.">cupsArrayRemove</a></li>
	<li><a href="#cupsArrayRestore" title="Reset the current element to the last cupsArraySave.">cupsArrayRestore</a></li>
	<li><a href="#cupsArraySave" title="Mark the current element for a later cupsArrayRestore.">cupsArraySave</a></li>
	<li><a href="#cupsArrayUserData" title="Return the user data for an array.">cupsArrayUserData</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="#TYPES">Data Types</a><ul class="code">
	<li><a href="#cups_acopy_func_t" title="Array element copy function">cups_acopy_func_t</a></li>
	<li><a href="#cups_afree_func_t" title="Array element free function">cups_afree_func_t</a></li>
	<li><a href="#cups_ahash_func_t" title="Array hash function">cups_ahash_func_t</a></li>
	<li><a href="#cups_array_func_t" title="Array comparison function">cups_array_func_t</a></li>
	<li><a href="#cups_array_t" title="CUPS array type">cups_array_t</a></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<!--
  Array API introduction for CUPS.

  Copyright 2007-2011 by Apple Inc.
  Copyright 1997-2006 by Easy Software Products, all rights reserved.

  These coded instructions, statements, and computer programs are the
  property of Apple Inc. and are protected by Federal copyright
  law.  Distribution and use rights are outlined in the file "LICENSE.txt"
  which should have been included with this file.  If this file is
  file is missing or damaged, see the license at "http://www.cups.org/".
-->

<h2 class='title'><a name='OVERVIEW'>Overview</a></h2>

<p>The CUPS array API provides a high-performance generic array container.
The contents of the array container can be sorted and the container itself is
designed for optimal speed and memory usage under a wide variety of conditions.
Sorted arrays use a binary search algorithm from the last found or inserted
element to quickly find matching elements in the array. Arrays created with the
optional hash function can often find elements with a single lookup. The
<a href='#cups_array_t'><code>cups_array_t</code></a> type is used when
referring to a CUPS array.</p>

<p>The CUPS scheduler (<tt>cupsd</tt>) and many of the CUPS API
functions use the array API to efficiently manage large lists of
data.</p>

<h3><a name='MANAGING_ARRAYS'>Managing Arrays</a></h3>

<p>Arrays are created using either the
<a href='#cupsArrayNew'><code>cupsArrayNew</code></a>,
<a href='#cupsArrayNew2'><code>cupsArrayNew2</code></a>, or
<a href='#cupsArrayNew2'><code>cupsArrayNew3</code></a> functions. The
first function creates a new array with the specified callback function
and user data pointer:</p>

<pre class='example'>
#include &lt;cups/array.h&gt;

static int compare_func(void *first, void *second, void *user_data);

void *user_data;
<a href='#cups_array_t'>cups_array_t</a> *array = <a href='#cupsArrayNew'>cupsArrayNew</a>(compare_func, user_data);
</pre>

<p>The comparison function (type
<a href="#cups_arrayfunc_t"><code>cups_arrayfunc_t</code></a>) is called
whenever an element is added to the array and can be <code>NULL</code> to
create an unsorted array. The function returns -1 if the first element should
come before the second, 0 if the first and second elements should have the same
ordering, and 1 if the first element should come after the second.</p>

<p>The "user_data" pointer is passed to your comparison function. Pass
<code>NULL</code> if you do not need to associate the elements in your array
with additional information.</p>

<p>The <a href='#cupsArrayNew2'><code>cupsArrayNew2</code></a> function adds
two more arguments to support hashed lookups, which can potentially provide
instantaneous ("O(1)") lookups in your array:</p>

<pre class='example'>
#include &lt;cups/array.h&gt;

#define HASH_SIZE 512 /* Size of hash table */

static int compare_func(void *first, void *second, void *user_data);
static int hash_func(void *element, void *user_data);

void *user_data;
<a href='#cups_array_t'>cups_array_t</a> *hash_array = <a href='#cupsArrayNew2'>cupsArrayNew2</a>(compare_func, user_data, hash_func, HASH_SIZE);
</pre>

<p>The hash function (type
<a href="#cups_ahash_func_t"><code>cups_ahash_func_t</code></a>) should return a
number from 0 to (hash_size-1) that (hopefully) uniquely identifies the
element and is called whenever you look up an element in the array with
<a href='#cupsArrayFind'><code>cupsArrayFind</code></a>. The hash size is
only limited by available memory, but generally should not be larger than
16384 to realize any performance improvement.</p>

<p>The <a href='#cupsArrayNew3'><code>cupsArrayNew3</code></a> function adds
copy and free callbacks to support basic memory management of elements:</p>

<pre class='example'>
#include &lt;cups/array.h&gt;

#define HASH_SIZE 512 /* Size of hash table */

static int compare_func(void *first, void *second, void *user_data);
static void *copy_func(void *element, void *user_data);
static void free_func(void *element, void *user_data);
static int hash_func(void *element, void *user_data);

void *user_data;
<a href='#cups_array_t'>cups_array_t</a> *array = <a href='#cupsArrayNew3'>cupsArrayNew3</a>(compare_func, user_data, NULL, 0, copy_func, free_func);

<a href='#cups_array_t'>cups_array_t</a> *hash_array = <a href='#cupsArrayNew3'>cupsArrayNew3</a>(compare_func, user_data, hash_func, HASH_SIZE, copy_func, free_func);
</pre>

<p>Once you have created the array, you add elements using the
<a href='#cupsArrayAdd'><code>cupsArrayAdd</code></a>
<a href='#cupsArrayInsert'><code>cupsArrayInsert</code></a> functions.
The first function adds an element to the array, adding the new element
after any elements that have the same order, while the second inserts the
element before others with the same order. For unsorted arrays,
<a href='#cupsArrayAdd'><code>cupsArrayAdd</code></a> appends the element to
the end of the array while
<a href='#cupsArrayInsert'><code>cupsArrayInsert</code></a> inserts the
element at the beginning of the array. For example, the following code
creates a sorted array of character strings:</p>

<pre class='example'>
#include &lt;cups/array.h&gt;

/* Use strcmp() to compare strings - it will ignore the user_data pointer */
<a href='#cups_array_t'>cups_array_t</a> *array = <a href='#cupsArrayNew'>cupsArrayNew</a>((<a href='#cups_array_func_t'>cups_array_func_t</a>)strcmp, NULL);

/* Add four strings to the array */
<a href='#cupsArrayAdd'>cupsArrayAdd</a>(array, "One Fish");
<a href='#cupsArrayAdd'>cupsArrayAdd</a>(array, "Two Fish");
<a href='#cupsArrayAdd'>cupsArrayAdd</a>(array, "Red Fish");
<a href='#cupsArrayAdd'>cupsArrayAdd</a>(array, "Blue Fish");
</pre>

<p>Elements are removed using the
<a href='#cupsArrayRemove'><code>cupsArrayRemove</code></a> function, for
example:</p>

<pre class='example'>
#include &lt;cups/array.h&gt;

/* Use strcmp() to compare strings - it will ignore the user_data pointer */
<a href='#cups_array_t'>cups_array_t</a> *array = <a href='#cupsArrayNew'>cupsArrayNew</a>((<a href='#cups_array_func_t'>cups_array_func_t</a>)strcmp, NULL);

/* Add four strings to the array */
<a href='#cupsArrayAdd'>cupsArrayAdd</a>(array, "One Fish");
<a href='#cupsArrayAdd'>cupsArrayAdd</a>(array, "Two Fish");
<a href='#cupsArrayAdd'>cupsArrayAdd</a>(array, "Red Fish");
<a href='#cupsArrayAdd'>cupsArrayAdd</a>(array, "Blue Fish");

/* Remove "Red Fish" */
<a href='#cupsArrayRemove'>cupsArrayRemove</a>(array, "Red Fish");
</pre>

<p>Finally, you free the memory used by the array using the
<a href='#cupsArrayDelete'><code>cupsArrayDelete</code></a> function. All
of the memory for the array and hash table (if any) is freed, however <em>CUPS
does not free the elements unless you provide copy and free functions</em>.</p>

<h3><a name='FINDING_AND_ENUMERATING'>Finding and Enumerating Elements</a></h3>

<p>CUPS provides several functions to find and enumerate elements in an
array. Each one sets or updates a "current index" into the array, such that
future lookups will start where the last one left off:</p>

<dl>
	<dt><a href='#cupsArrayFind'><code>cupsArrayFind</code></a></dt>
	<dd>Returns the first matching element.</dd>
	<dt><a href='#cupsArrayFirst'><code>cupsArrayFirst</code></a></dt>
	<dd>Returns the first element in the array.</dd>
	<dt><a href='#cupsArrayIndex'><code>cupsArrayIndex</code></a></dt>
	<dd>Returns the Nth element in the array, starting at 0.</dd>
	<dt><a href='#cupsArrayLast'><code>cupsArrayLast</code></a></dt>
	<dd>Returns the last element in the array.</dd>
	<dt><a href='#cupsArrayNext'><code>cupsArrayNext</code></a></dt>
	<dd>Returns the next element in the array.</dd>
	<dt><a href='#cupsArrayPrev'><code>cupsArrayPrev</code></a></dt>
	<dd>Returns the previous element in the array.</dd>
</dl>

<p>Each of these functions returns <code>NULL</code> when there is no
corresponding element.  For example, a simple <code>for</code> loop using the
<a href='#cupsArrayFirst'><code>cupsArrayFirst</code></a> and
<a href='#cupsArrayNext'><code>cupsArrayNext</code></a> functions will
enumerate all of the strings in our previous example:</p> 

<pre class='example'>
#include &lt;cups/array.h&gt;

/* Use strcmp() to compare strings - it will ignore the user_data pointer */
<a href='#cups_array_t'>cups_array_t</a> *array = <a href='#cupsArrayNew'>cupsArrayNew</a>((<a href='#cups_array_func_t'>cups_array_func_t</a>)strcmp, NULL);

/* Add four strings to the array */
<a href='#cupsArrayAdd'>cupsArrayAdd</a>(array, "One Fish");
<a href='#cupsArrayAdd'>cupsArrayAdd</a>(array, "Two Fish");
<a href='#cupsArrayAdd'>cupsArrayAdd</a>(array, "Red Fish");
<a href='#cupsArrayAdd'>cupsArrayAdd</a>(array, "Blue Fish");

/* Show all of the strings in the array */
char *s;
for (s = (char *)<a href='#cupsArrayFirst'>cupsArrayFirst</a>(array); s != NULL; s = (char *)<a href='#cupsArrayNext'>cupsArrayNext</a>(array))
  puts(s);
</pre>
<h2 class="title"><a name="FUNCTIONS">Functions</a></h2>
<h3 class="function"><span class="info">&nbsp;CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5&nbsp;</span><a name="cupsArrayAdd">cupsArrayAdd</a></h3>
<p class="description">Add an element to the array.</p>
<p class="code">
int cupsArrayAdd (<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#cups_array_t">cups_array_t</a> *a,<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;void *e<br>
);</p>
<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
<dl>
<dt>a</dt>
<dd class="description">Array</dd>
<dt>e</dt>
<dd class="description">Element</dd>
</dl>
<h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
<p class="description">1 on success, 0 on failure</p>
<h4 class="discussion">Discussion</h4>
<p class="discussion">When adding an element to a sorted array, non-unique elements are
appended at the end of the run of identical elements.  For unsorted arrays,
the element is appended to the end of the array.

</p>
<h3 class="function"><span class="info">&nbsp;CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5&nbsp;</span><a name="cupsArrayClear">cupsArrayClear</a></h3>
<p class="description">Clear the array.</p>
<p class="code">
void cupsArrayClear (<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#cups_array_t">cups_array_t</a> *a<br>
);</p>
<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
<dl>
<dt>a</dt>
<dd class="description">Array</dd>
</dl>
<h4 class="discussion">Discussion</h4>
<p class="discussion">This function is equivalent to removing all elements in the array.
The caller is responsible for freeing the memory used by the
elements themselves.

</p>
<h3 class="function"><span class="info">&nbsp;CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5&nbsp;</span><a name="cupsArrayCount">cupsArrayCount</a></h3>
<p class="description">Get the number of elements in the array.</p>
<p class="code">
int cupsArrayCount (<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#cups_array_t">cups_array_t</a> *a<br>
);</p>
<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
<dl>
<dt>a</dt>
<dd class="description">Array</dd>
</dl>
<h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
<p class="description">Number of elements</p>
<h3 class="function"><span class="info">&nbsp;CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5&nbsp;</span><a name="cupsArrayCurrent">cupsArrayCurrent</a></h3>
<p class="description">Return the current element in the array.</p>
<p class="code">
void *cupsArrayCurrent (<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#cups_array_t">cups_array_t</a> *a<br>
);</p>
<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
<dl>
<dt>a</dt>
<dd class="description">Array</dd>
</dl>
<h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
<p class="description">Element</p>
<h4 class="discussion">Discussion</h4>
<p class="discussion">The current element is undefined until you call <a href="#cupsArrayFind"><code>cupsArrayFind</code></a>,
<a href="#cupsArrayFirst"><code>cupsArrayFirst</code></a>, or <a href="#cupsArrayIndex"><code>cupsArrayIndex</code></a>, or <a href="#cupsArrayLast"><code>cupsArrayLast</code></a>.

</p>
<h3 class="function"><span class="info">&nbsp;CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5&nbsp;</span><a name="cupsArrayDelete">cupsArrayDelete</a></h3>
<p class="description">Free all memory used by the array.</p>
<p class="code">
void cupsArrayDelete (<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#cups_array_t">cups_array_t</a> *a<br>
);</p>
<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
<dl>
<dt>a</dt>
<dd class="description">Array</dd>
</dl>
<h4 class="discussion">Discussion</h4>
<p class="discussion">The caller is responsible for freeing the memory used by the
elements themselves.

</p>
<h3 class="function"><span class="info">&nbsp;CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5&nbsp;</span><a name="cupsArrayDup">cupsArrayDup</a></h3>
<p class="description">Duplicate the array.</p>
<p class="code">
<a href="#cups_array_t">cups_array_t</a> *cupsArrayDup (<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#cups_array_t">cups_array_t</a> *a<br>
);</p>
<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
<dl>
<dt>a</dt>
<dd class="description">Array</dd>
</dl>
<h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
<p class="description">Duplicate array</p>
<h3 class="function"><span class="info">&nbsp;CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5&nbsp;</span><a name="cupsArrayFind">cupsArrayFind</a></h3>
<p class="description">Find an element in the array.</p>
<p class="code">
void *cupsArrayFind (<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#cups_array_t">cups_array_t</a> *a,<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;void *e<br>
);</p>
<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
<dl>
<dt>a</dt>
<dd class="description">Array</dd>
<dt>e</dt>
<dd class="description">Element</dd>
</dl>
<h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
<p class="description">Element found or <code>NULL</code></p>
<h3 class="function"><span class="info">&nbsp;CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5&nbsp;</span><a name="cupsArrayFirst">cupsArrayFirst</a></h3>
<p class="description">Get the first element in the array.</p>
<p class="code">
void *cupsArrayFirst (<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#cups_array_t">cups_array_t</a> *a<br>
);</p>
<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
<dl>
<dt>a</dt>
<dd class="description">Array</dd>
</dl>
<h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
<p class="description">First element or <code>NULL</code> if the array is empty</p>
<h3 class="function"><span class="info">&nbsp;CUPS 1.3/OS X 10.5&nbsp;</span><a name="cupsArrayGetIndex">cupsArrayGetIndex</a></h3>
<p class="description">Get the index of the current element.</p>
<p class="code">
int cupsArrayGetIndex (<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#cups_array_t">cups_array_t</a> *a<br>
);</p>
<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
<dl>
<dt>a</dt>
<dd class="description">Array</dd>
</dl>
<h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
<p class="description">Index of the current element, starting at 0</p>
<h4 class="discussion">Discussion</h4>
<p class="discussion">The current element is undefined until you call <a href="#cupsArrayFind"><code>cupsArrayFind</code></a>,
<a href="#cupsArrayFirst"><code>cupsArrayFirst</code></a>, or <a href="#cupsArrayIndex"><code>cupsArrayIndex</code></a>, or <a href="#cupsArrayLast"><code>cupsArrayLast</code></a>.

</p>
<h3 class="function"><span class="info">&nbsp;CUPS 1.3/OS X 10.5&nbsp;</span><a name="cupsArrayGetInsert">cupsArrayGetInsert</a></h3>
<p class="description">Get the index of the last inserted element.</p>
<p class="code">
int cupsArrayGetInsert (<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#cups_array_t">cups_array_t</a> *a<br>
);</p>
<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
<dl>
<dt>a</dt>
<dd class="description">Array</dd>
</dl>
<h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
<p class="description">Index of the last inserted element, starting at 0</p>
<h3 class="function"><span class="info">&nbsp;CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5&nbsp;</span><a name="cupsArrayIndex">cupsArrayIndex</a></h3>
<p class="description">Get the N-th element in the array.</p>
<p class="code">
void *cupsArrayIndex (<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#cups_array_t">cups_array_t</a> *a,<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;int n<br>
);</p>
<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
<dl>
<dt>a</dt>
<dd class="description">Array</dd>
<dt>n</dt>
<dd class="description">Index into array, starting at 0</dd>
</dl>
<h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
<p class="description">N-th element or <code>NULL</code></p>
<h3 class="function"><span class="info">&nbsp;CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5&nbsp;</span><a name="cupsArrayInsert">cupsArrayInsert</a></h3>
<p class="description">Insert an element in the array.</p>
<p class="code">
int cupsArrayInsert (<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#cups_array_t">cups_array_t</a> *a,<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;void *e<br>
);</p>
<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
<dl>
<dt>a</dt>
<dd class="description">Array</dd>
<dt>e</dt>
<dd class="description">Element</dd>
</dl>
<h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
<p class="description">0 on failure, 1 on success</p>
<h4 class="discussion">Discussion</h4>
<p class="discussion">When inserting an element in a sorted array, non-unique elements are
inserted at the beginning of the run of identical elements.  For unsorted
arrays, the element is inserted at the beginning of the array.

</p>
<h3 class="function"><span class="info">&nbsp;CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5&nbsp;</span><a name="cupsArrayLast">cupsArrayLast</a></h3>
<p class="description">Get the last element in the array.</p>
<p class="code">
void *cupsArrayLast (<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#cups_array_t">cups_array_t</a> *a<br>
);</p>
<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
<dl>
<dt>a</dt>
<dd class="description">Array</dd>
</dl>
<h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
<p class="description">Last element or <code>NULL</code> if the array is empty</p>
<h3 class="function"><span class="info">&nbsp;CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5&nbsp;</span><a name="cupsArrayNew">cupsArrayNew</a></h3>
<p class="description">Create a new array.</p>
<p class="code">
<a href="#cups_array_t">cups_array_t</a> *cupsArrayNew (<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#cups_array_func_t">cups_array_func_t</a> f,<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;void *d<br>
);</p>
<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
<dl>
<dt>f</dt>
<dd class="description">Comparison function or <code>NULL</code> for an unsorted array</dd>
<dt>d</dt>
<dd class="description">User data pointer or <code>NULL</code></dd>
</dl>
<h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
<p class="description">Array</p>
<h4 class="discussion">Discussion</h4>
<p class="discussion">The comparison function (&quot;f&quot;) is used to create a sorted array. The function
receives pointers to two elements and the user data pointer (&quot;d&quot;) - the user
data pointer argument can safely be omitted when not required so functions
like <code>strcmp</code> can be used for sorted string arrays.

</p>
<h3 class="function"><span class="info">&nbsp;CUPS 1.3/OS X 10.5&nbsp;</span><a name="cupsArrayNew2">cupsArrayNew2</a></h3>
<p class="description">Create a new array with hash.</p>
<p class="code">
<a href="#cups_array_t">cups_array_t</a> *cupsArrayNew2 (<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#cups_array_func_t">cups_array_func_t</a> f,<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;void *d,<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#cups_ahash_func_t">cups_ahash_func_t</a> h,<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;int hsize<br>
);</p>
<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
<dl>
<dt>f</dt>
<dd class="description">Comparison function or <code>NULL</code> for an unsorted array</dd>
<dt>d</dt>
<dd class="description">User data or <code>NULL</code></dd>
<dt>h</dt>
<dd class="description">Hash function or <code>NULL</code> for unhashed lookups</dd>
<dt>hsize</dt>
<dd class="description">Hash size (&gt;= 0)</dd>
</dl>
<h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
<p class="description">Array</p>
<h4 class="discussion">Discussion</h4>
<p class="discussion">The comparison function (&quot;f&quot;) is used to create a sorted array. The function
receives pointers to two elements and the user data pointer (&quot;d&quot;) - the user
data pointer argument can safely be omitted when not required so functions
like <code>strcmp</code> can be used for sorted string arrays.<br>
<br>
The hash function (&quot;h&quot;) is used to implement cached lookups with the
specified hash size (&quot;hsize&quot;).

</p>
<h3 class="function"><span class="info">&nbsp;CUPS 1.5/OS X 10.7&nbsp;</span><a name="cupsArrayNew3">cupsArrayNew3</a></h3>
<p class="description">Create a new array with hash and/or free function.</p>
<p class="code">
<a href="#cups_array_t">cups_array_t</a> *cupsArrayNew3 (<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#cups_array_func_t">cups_array_func_t</a> f,<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;void *d,<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#cups_ahash_func_t">cups_ahash_func_t</a> h,<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;int hsize,<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#cups_acopy_func_t">cups_acopy_func_t</a> cf,<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#cups_afree_func_t">cups_afree_func_t</a> ff<br>
);</p>
<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
<dl>
<dt>f</dt>
<dd class="description">Comparison function or <code>NULL</code> for an unsorted array</dd>
<dt>d</dt>
<dd class="description">User data or <code>NULL</code></dd>
<dt>h</dt>
<dd class="description">Hash function or <code>NULL</code> for unhashed lookups</dd>
<dt>hsize</dt>
<dd class="description">Hash size (&gt;= 0)</dd>
<dt>cf</dt>
<dd class="description">Copy function</dd>
<dt>ff</dt>
<dd class="description">Free function</dd>
</dl>
<h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
<p class="description">Array</p>
<h4 class="discussion">Discussion</h4>
<p class="discussion">The comparison function (&quot;f&quot;) is used to create a sorted array. The function
receives pointers to two elements and the user data pointer (&quot;d&quot;) - the user
data pointer argument can safely be omitted when not required so functions
like <code>strcmp</code> can be used for sorted string arrays.<br>
<br>
The hash function (&quot;h&quot;) is used to implement cached lookups with the
specified hash size (&quot;hsize&quot;).<br>
<br>
The copy function (&quot;cf&quot;) is used to automatically copy/retain elements when
added or the array is copied.<br>
<br>
The free function (&quot;cf&quot;) is used to automatically free/release elements when
removed or the array is deleted.

</p>
<h3 class="function"><span class="info">&nbsp;CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5&nbsp;</span><a name="cupsArrayNext">cupsArrayNext</a></h3>
<p class="description">Get the next element in the array.</p>
<p class="code">
void *cupsArrayNext (<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#cups_array_t">cups_array_t</a> *a<br>
);</p>
<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
<dl>
<dt>a</dt>
<dd class="description">Array</dd>
</dl>
<h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
<p class="description">Next element or <code>NULL</code></p>
<h4 class="discussion">Discussion</h4>
<p class="discussion">This function is equivalent to &quot;cupsArrayIndex(a, cupsArrayGetIndex(a) + 1)&quot;.<br>
<br>
The next element is undefined until you call <a href="#cupsArrayFind"><code>cupsArrayFind</code></a>,
<a href="#cupsArrayFirst"><code>cupsArrayFirst</code></a>, or <a href="#cupsArrayIndex"><code>cupsArrayIndex</code></a>, or <a href="#cupsArrayLast"><code>cupsArrayLast</code></a>
to set the current element.

</p>
<h3 class="function"><span class="info">&nbsp;CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5&nbsp;</span><a name="cupsArrayPrev">cupsArrayPrev</a></h3>
<p class="description">Get the previous element in the array.</p>
<p class="code">
void *cupsArrayPrev (<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#cups_array_t">cups_array_t</a> *a<br>
);</p>
<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
<dl>
<dt>a</dt>
<dd class="description">Array</dd>
</dl>
<h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
<p class="description">Previous element or <code>NULL</code></p>
<h4 class="discussion">Discussion</h4>
<p class="discussion">This function is equivalent to &quot;cupsArrayIndex(a, cupsArrayGetIndex(a) - 1)&quot;.<br>
<br>
The previous element is undefined until you call <a href="#cupsArrayFind"><code>cupsArrayFind</code></a>,
<a href="#cupsArrayFirst"><code>cupsArrayFirst</code></a>, or <a href="#cupsArrayIndex"><code>cupsArrayIndex</code></a>, or <a href="#cupsArrayLast"><code>cupsArrayLast</code></a>
to set the current element.

</p>
<h3 class="function"><span class="info">&nbsp;CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5&nbsp;</span><a name="cupsArrayRemove">cupsArrayRemove</a></h3>
<p class="description">Remove an element from the array.</p>
<p class="code">
int cupsArrayRemove (<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#cups_array_t">cups_array_t</a> *a,<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;void *e<br>
);</p>
<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
<dl>
<dt>a</dt>
<dd class="description">Array</dd>
<dt>e</dt>
<dd class="description">Element</dd>
</dl>
<h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
<p class="description">1 on success, 0 on failure</p>
<h4 class="discussion">Discussion</h4>
<p class="discussion">If more than one element matches &quot;e&quot;, only the first matching element is
removed.<br>
<br>
The caller is responsible for freeing the memory used by the
removed element.

</p>
<h3 class="function"><span class="info">&nbsp;CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5&nbsp;</span><a name="cupsArrayRestore">cupsArrayRestore</a></h3>
<p class="description">Reset the current element to the last <a href="#cupsArraySave"><code>cupsArraySave</code></a>.</p>
<p class="code">
void *cupsArrayRestore (<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#cups_array_t">cups_array_t</a> *a<br>
);</p>
<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
<dl>
<dt>a</dt>
<dd class="description">Array</dd>
</dl>
<h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
<p class="description">New current element</p>
<h3 class="function"><span class="info">&nbsp;CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5&nbsp;</span><a name="cupsArraySave">cupsArraySave</a></h3>
<p class="description">Mark the current element for a later <a href="#cupsArrayRestore"><code>cupsArrayRestore</code></a>.</p>
<p class="code">
int cupsArraySave (<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#cups_array_t">cups_array_t</a> *a<br>
);</p>
<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
<dl>
<dt>a</dt>
<dd class="description">Array</dd>
</dl>
<h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
<p class="description">1 on success, 0 on failure</p>
<h4 class="discussion">Discussion</h4>
<p class="discussion">The current element is undefined until you call <a href="#cupsArrayFind"><code>cupsArrayFind</code></a>,
<a href="#cupsArrayFirst"><code>cupsArrayFirst</code></a>, or <a href="#cupsArrayIndex"><code>cupsArrayIndex</code></a>, or <a href="#cupsArrayLast"><code>cupsArrayLast</code></a>
to set the current element.<br>
<br>
The save/restore stack is guaranteed to be at least 32 elements deep.

</p>
<h3 class="function"><span class="info">&nbsp;CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5&nbsp;</span><a name="cupsArrayUserData">cupsArrayUserData</a></h3>
<p class="description">Return the user data for an array.</p>
<p class="code">
void *cupsArrayUserData (<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#cups_array_t">cups_array_t</a> *a<br>
);</p>
<h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4>
<dl>
<dt>a</dt>
<dd class="description">Array</dd>
</dl>
<h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4>
<p class="description">User data</p>
<h2 class="title"><a name="TYPES">Data Types</a></h2>
<h3 class="typedef"><a name="cups_acopy_func_t">cups_acopy_func_t</a></h3>
<p class="description">Array element copy function</p>
<p class="code">
typedef void *(*cups_acopy_func_t)(void *element, void *data);
</p>
<h3 class="typedef"><a name="cups_afree_func_t">cups_afree_func_t</a></h3>
<p class="description">Array element free function</p>
<p class="code">
typedef void (*cups_afree_func_t)(void *element, void *data);
</p>
<h3 class="typedef"><a name="cups_ahash_func_t">cups_ahash_func_t</a></h3>
<p class="description">Array hash function</p>
<p class="code">
typedef int (*cups_ahash_func_t)(void *element, void *data);
</p>
<h3 class="typedef"><a name="cups_array_func_t">cups_array_func_t</a></h3>
<p class="description">Array comparison function</p>
<p class="code">
typedef int (*cups_array_func_t)(void *first, void *second, void *data);
</p>
<h3 class="typedef"><a name="cups_array_t">cups_array_t</a></h3>
<p class="description">CUPS array type</p>
<p class="code">
typedef struct _cups_array_s cups_array_t;
</p>
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