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5a738aea | 339 | --></style> |
ef416fc2 | 340 | </head> |
341 | <body> | |
5a738aea | 342 | <div class='body'> |
ef416fc2 | 343 | <!-- |
68b10830 | 344 | "$Id$" |
ef416fc2 | 345 | |
321d8d57 | 346 | Filter and backend programming header for CUPS. |
ef416fc2 | 347 | |
321d8d57 | 348 | Copyright 2008-2011 by Apple Inc. |
ef416fc2 | 349 | |
350 | These coded instructions, statements, and computer programs are the | |
bc44d920 | 351 | property of Apple Inc. and are protected by Federal copyright |
352 | law. Distribution and use rights are outlined in the file "LICENSE.txt" | |
353 | which should have been included with this file. If this file is | |
354 | file is missing or damaged, see the license at "http://www.cups.org/". | |
ef416fc2 | 355 | --> |
356 | ||
178cb736 MS |
357 | <h1 class='title'>Filter and Backend Programming</h1> |
358 | ||
5a738aea MS |
359 | <div class='summary'><table summary='General Information'> |
360 | <thead> | |
361 | <tr> | |
ac884b6a | 362 | <th>Headers</th> |
5a738aea | 363 | <th>cups/backend.h<br> |
79e1d494 | 364 | cups/sidechannel.h</th> |
5a738aea MS |
365 | </tr> |
366 | </thead> | |
367 | <tbody> | |
368 | <tr> | |
369 | <th>Library</th> | |
370 | <td>-lcups</td> | |
371 | </tr> | |
372 | <tr> | |
373 | <th>See Also</th> | |
374 | <td>Programming: <a href='api-overview.html' target='_top'>Introduction to CUPS Programming</a><br> | |
375 | Programming: <a href='api-cups.html' target='_top'>CUPS API</a><br> | |
376 | Programming: <a href='api-ppd.html' target='_top'>PPD API</a><br> | |
79e1d494 | 377 | Programming: <a href='api-raster.html' target='_top'>Raster API</a><br> |
b0f6947b MS |
378 | Programming: <a href='postscript-driver.html' target='_top'>Developing PostScript Printer Drivers</a><br> |
379 | Programming: <a href='raster-driver.html' target='_top'>Developing Raster Printer Drivers</a><br> | |
10d09e33 | 380 | Specifications: <a href='spec-design.html' target='_top'>CUPS Design Description</a></td> |
5a738aea MS |
381 | </tr> |
382 | </tbody> | |
383 | </table></div> | |
384 | <h2 class="title">Contents</h2> | |
385 | <ul class="contents"> | |
5a738aea | 386 | <li><a href="#OVERVIEW">Overview</a><ul class="subcontents"> |
0268488e | 387 | <li><a href="#SECURITY">Security Considerations</a></li> |
22c9029b | 388 | <li><a href="#SIGNALS">Signal Handling</a></li> |
0268488e MS |
389 | <li><a href="#TEMPFILES">Temporary Files</a></li> |
390 | <li><a href="#COPIES">Copy Generation</a></li> | |
391 | <li><a href="#EXITCODES">Exit Codes</a></li> | |
392 | <li><a href="#ENVIRONMENT">Environment Variables</a></li> | |
393 | <li><a href="#MESSAGES">Communicating with the Scheduler</a></li> | |
394 | <li><a href="#COMMUNICATING_BACKEND">Communicating with the Backend</a></li> | |
395 | <li><a href="#COMMUNICATING_FILTER">Communicating with Filters</a></li> | |
396 | <li><a href="#SNMP">Doing SNMP Queries with Network Printers</a></li> | |
5a738aea MS |
397 | </ul></li> |
398 | <li><a href="#FUNCTIONS">Functions</a><ul class="code"> | |
0268488e MS |
399 | <li><a href="#cupsBackChannelRead" title="Read data from the backchannel.">cupsBackChannelRead</a></li> |
400 | <li><a href="#cupsBackChannelWrite" title="Write data to the backchannel.">cupsBackChannelWrite</a></li> | |
401 | <li><a href="#cupsBackendDeviceURI" title="Get the device URI for a backend.">cupsBackendDeviceURI</a></li> | |
402 | <li><a href="#cupsBackendReport" title="Write a device line from a backend.">cupsBackendReport</a></li> | |
403 | <li><a href="#cupsSideChannelDoRequest" title="Send a side-channel command to a backend and wait for a response.">cupsSideChannelDoRequest</a></li> | |
404 | <li><a href="#cupsSideChannelRead" title="Read a side-channel message.">cupsSideChannelRead</a></li> | |
405 | <li><a href="#cupsSideChannelSNMPGet" title="Query a SNMP OID's value.">cupsSideChannelSNMPGet</a></li> | |
406 | <li><a href="#cupsSideChannelSNMPWalk" title="Query multiple SNMP OID values.">cupsSideChannelSNMPWalk</a></li> | |
407 | <li><a href="#cupsSideChannelWrite" title="Write a side-channel message.">cupsSideChannelWrite</a></li> | |
8b450588 | 408 | </ul></li> |
5a738aea MS |
409 | <li><a href="#TYPES">Data Types</a><ul class="code"> |
410 | <li><a href="#cups_backend_t" title="Backend exit codes">cups_backend_t</a></li> | |
411 | <li><a href="#cups_sc_bidi_t" title="Bidirectional capabilities">cups_sc_bidi_t</a></li> | |
412 | <li><a href="#cups_sc_command_t" title="Request command codes">cups_sc_command_t</a></li> | |
82f97232 | 413 | <li><a href="#cups_sc_connected_t" title="Connectivity values">cups_sc_connected_t</a></li> |
5a738aea MS |
414 | <li><a href="#cups_sc_state_t" title="Printer state bits">cups_sc_state_t</a></li> |
415 | <li><a href="#cups_sc_status_t" title="Response status codes">cups_sc_status_t</a></li> | |
20fbc903 | 416 | <li><a href="#cups_sc_walk_func_t" title="SNMP walk callback">cups_sc_walk_func_t</a></li> |
5a738aea MS |
417 | </ul></li> |
418 | <li><a href="#ENUMERATIONS">Constants</a><ul class="code"> | |
419 | <li><a href="#cups_backend_e" title="Backend exit codes">cups_backend_e</a></li> | |
79e1d494 | 420 | <li><a href="#cups_sc_bidi_e" title="Bidirectional capability values">cups_sc_bidi_e</a></li> |
5a738aea | 421 | <li><a href="#cups_sc_command_e" title="Request command codes">cups_sc_command_e</a></li> |
82f97232 | 422 | <li><a href="#cups_sc_connected_e" title="Connectivity values">cups_sc_connected_e</a></li> |
5a738aea MS |
423 | <li><a href="#cups_sc_state_e" title="Printer state bits">cups_sc_state_e</a></li> |
424 | <li><a href="#cups_sc_status_e" title="Response status codes">cups_sc_status_e</a></li> | |
425 | </ul></li> | |
0268488e | 426 | </ul> |
5a738aea | 427 | <!-- |
68b10830 | 428 | "$Id$" |
ef416fc2 | 429 | |
22c9029b | 430 | Filter and backend programming introduction for CUPS. |
ef416fc2 | 431 | |
22c9029b | 432 | Copyright 2007-2011 by Apple Inc. |
5a738aea | 433 | Copyright 1997-2006 by Easy Software Products, all rights reserved. |
ef416fc2 | 434 | |
5a738aea MS |
435 | These coded instructions, statements, and computer programs are the |
436 | property of Apple Inc. and are protected by Federal copyright | |
437 | law. Distribution and use rights are outlined in the file "LICENSE.txt" | |
438 | which should have been included with this file. If this file is | |
439 | file is missing or damaged, see the license at "http://www.cups.org/". | |
440 | --> | |
f7deaa1a | 441 | |
5a738aea | 442 | <h2 class='title'><a name="OVERVIEW">Overview</a></h2> |
ef416fc2 | 443 | |
79e1d494 MS |
444 | <p>Filters (which include printer drivers and port monitors) and backends |
445 | are used to convert job files to a printable format and send that data to the | |
446 | printer itself. All of these programs use a common interface for processing | |
447 | print jobs and communicating status information to the scheduler. Each is run | |
448 | with a standard set of command-line arguments:<p> | |
ef416fc2 | 449 | |
5a738aea | 450 | <dl class="code"> |
f7deaa1a | 451 | |
5a738aea MS |
452 | <dt>argv[1]</dt> |
453 | <dd>The job ID</dd> | |
ef416fc2 | 454 | |
5a738aea MS |
455 | <dt>argv[2]</dt> |
456 | <dd>The user printing the job</dd> | |
f7deaa1a | 457 | |
5a738aea MS |
458 | <dt>argv[3]</dt> |
459 | <dd>The job name/title</dd> | |
f7deaa1a | 460 | |
5a738aea MS |
461 | <dt>argv[4]</dt> |
462 | <dd>The number of copies to print</dd> | |
f7deaa1a | 463 | |
5a738aea MS |
464 | <dt>argv[5]</dt> |
465 | <dd>The options that were provided when the job was submitted</dd> | |
f7deaa1a | 466 | |
5a738aea | 467 | <dt>argv[6]</dt> |
79e1d494 | 468 | <dd>The file to print (first program only)</dd> |
5a738aea | 469 | </dl> |
f7deaa1a | 470 | |
5a738aea MS |
471 | <p>The scheduler runs one or more of these programs to print any given job. The |
472 | first filter reads from the print file and writes to the standard output, while | |
473 | the remaining filters read from the standard input and write to the standard | |
474 | output. The backend is the last filter in the chain and writes to the | |
475 | device.</p> | |
f7deaa1a | 476 | |
178cb736 MS |
477 | <p>Filters are always run as a non-privileged user, typically "lp", with no |
478 | connection to the user's desktop. Backends are run either as a non-privileged | |
479 | user or as root if the file permissions do not allow user or group execution. | |
480 | The <a href="#PERMISSIONS">file permissions</a> section talks about this in | |
481 | more detail.</p> | |
482 | ||
ac884b6a MS |
483 | <h3><a name="SECURITY">Security Considerations</a></h3> |
484 | ||
485 | <p>It is always important to use security programming practices. Filters and | |
eac3a0a0 | 486 | most backends are run as a non-privileged user, so the major security |
ac884b6a MS |
487 | consideration is resource utilization - filters should not depend on unlimited |
488 | amounts of CPU, memory, or disk space, and should protect against conditions | |
489 | that could lead to excess usage of any resource like infinite loops and | |
490 | unbounded recursion. In addition, filters must <em>never</em> allow the user to | |
491 | specify an arbitrary file path to a separator page, template, or other file | |
492 | used by the filter since that can lead to an unauthorized disclosure of | |
493 | information. <em>Always</em> treat input as suspect and validate it!</p> | |
494 | ||
4d301e69 | 495 | <p>If you are developing a backend that runs as root, make sure to check for |
ac884b6a MS |
496 | potential buffer overflows, integer under/overflow conditions, and file |
497 | accesses since these can lead to privilege escalations. When writing files, | |
498 | always validate the file path and <em>never</em> allow a user to determine | |
499 | where to store a file.</p> | |
500 | ||
501 | <blockquote><b>Note:</b> | |
502 | ||
503 | <p><em>Never</em> write files to a user's home directory. Aside from the | |
504 | security implications, CUPS is a network print service and as such the network | |
505 | user may not be the same as the local user and/or there may not be a local home | |
506 | directory to write to.</p> | |
507 | ||
508 | <p>In addition, some operating systems provide additional security mechanisms | |
178cb736 | 509 | that further limit file system access, even for backends running as root. On |
ac884b6a MS |
510 | Mac OS X, for example, no backend may write to a user's home directory.</p> |
511 | </blockquote> | |
512 | ||
22c9029b MS |
513 | <h3><a name="SIGNALS">Signal Handling</a><h3> |
514 | ||
515 | <p>The scheduler sends <code>SIGTERM</code> when a printing job is canceled or | |
516 | held. Filters, backends, and port monitors <em>must</em> catch | |
517 | <code>SIGTERM</code> and perform any cleanup necessary to produce a valid output | |
518 | file or return the printer to a known good state. The recommended behavior is to | |
519 | end the output on the current page.</p> | |
520 | ||
eac3a0a0 MS |
521 | <p>Filters and backends may also receive <code>SIGPIPE</code> when an upstream or downstream filter/backend exits with a non-zero status. Developers should generally <code>ignore SIGPIPE</code> at the beginning of <code>main()</code> with the following function call:</p> |
522 | ||
523 | <pre class="example"> | |
524 | #include <signal.h>> | |
525 | ||
526 | ... | |
527 | ||
528 | int | |
529 | main(int argc, char *argv[]) | |
530 | { | |
531 | signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN); | |
532 | ||
533 | ... | |
534 | } | |
535 | </pre> | |
536 | ||
178cb736 MS |
537 | <h3><a name="PERMISSIONS">File Permissions</a></h3> |
538 | ||
539 | <p>For security reasons, CUPS will only run filters and backends that are owned | |
4d301e69 MS |
540 | by root and do not have world or group write permissions. The recommended |
541 | permissions for filters and backends are 0555 - read and execute but no write. | |
542 | Backends that must run as root should use permissions of 0500 - read and execute | |
543 | by root, no access for other users. Write permissions can be enabled for the | |
544 | root user only.</p> | |
178cb736 MS |
545 | |
546 | <p>To avoid a warning message, the directory containing your filter(s) must also | |
4d301e69 MS |
547 | be owned by root and have world and group write disabled - permissions of 0755 |
548 | or 0555 are strongly encouraged.</p> | |
178cb736 | 549 | |
ac884b6a MS |
550 | <h3><a name="TEMPFILES">Temporary Files</a></h3> |
551 | ||
552 | <p>Temporary files should be created in the directory specified by the | |
553 | "TMPDIR" environment variable. The | |
554 | <a href="#cupsTempFile2"><code>cupsTempFile2</code></a> function can be | |
555 | used to safely create temporary files in this directory.</p> | |
556 | ||
557 | <h3><a name="COPIES">Copy Generation</a></h3> | |
558 | ||
559 | <p>The <code>argv[4]</code> argument specifies the number of copies to produce | |
560 | of the input file. In general, you should only generate copies if the | |
561 | <em>filename</em> argument is supplied. The only exception to this are | |
562 | filters that produce device-independent PostScript output, since the PostScript | |
563 | filter <var>pstops</var> is responsible for generating copies of PostScript | |
564 | files.</p> | |
565 | ||
5a738aea | 566 | <h3><a name="EXITCODES">Exit Codes</a></h3> |
f7deaa1a | 567 | |
5a738aea MS |
568 | <p>Filters must exit with status 0 when they successfully generate print data |
569 | or 1 when they encounter an error. Backends can return any of the | |
570 | <a href="#cups_backend_t"><code>cups_backend_t</code></a> constants.</p> | |
f7deaa1a | 571 | |
5a738aea | 572 | <h3><a name="ENVIRONMENT">Environment Variables</a></h3> |
f7deaa1a | 573 | |
79e1d494 MS |
574 | <p>The following environment variables are defined by the printing system |
575 | when running print filters and backends:</p> | |
f7deaa1a | 576 | |
5a738aea | 577 | <dl class="code"> |
f7deaa1a | 578 | |
acb056cb | 579 | <dt>APPLE_LANGUAGE</dt> |
5a738aea MS |
580 | <dd>The Apple language identifier associated with the job |
581 | (Mac OS X only).</dd> | |
f7deaa1a | 582 | |
5a738aea MS |
583 | <dt>CHARSET</dt> |
584 | <dd>The job character set, typically "utf-8".</dd> | |
f7deaa1a | 585 | |
5a738aea MS |
586 | <dt>CLASS</dt> |
587 | <dd>When a job is submitted to a printer class, contains the name of | |
588 | the destination printer class. Otherwise this environment | |
589 | variable will not be set.</dd> | |
f7deaa1a | 590 | |
5a738aea MS |
591 | <dt>CONTENT_TYPE</dt> |
592 | <dd>The MIME type associated with the file (e.g. | |
593 | application/postscript).</dd> | |
f7deaa1a | 594 | |
5a738aea | 595 | <dt>CUPS_CACHEDIR</dt> |
79e1d494 MS |
596 | <dd>The directory where cache files can be stored. Cache files can be |
597 | used to retain information between jobs or files in a job.</dd> | |
f7deaa1a | 598 | |
5a738aea | 599 | <dt>CUPS_DATADIR</dt> |
79e1d494 | 600 | <dd>The directory where (read-only) CUPS data files can be found.</dd> |
f7deaa1a | 601 | |
758a062f MS |
602 | <dt>CUPS_FILETYPE</dt> |
603 | <dd>The type of file being printed: "job-sheet" for a banner page and | |
604 | "document" for a regular print file.</dd> | |
605 | ||
5a738aea MS |
606 | <dt>CUPS_SERVERROOT</dt> |
607 | <dd>The root directory of the server.</dd> | |
f7deaa1a | 608 | |
5a738aea MS |
609 | <dt>DEVICE_URI</dt> |
610 | <dd>The device-uri associated with the printer.</dd> | |
f7deaa1a | 611 | |
5a738aea MS |
612 | <dt>FINAL_CONTENT_TYPE</dt> |
613 | <dd>The MIME type associated with the printer (e.g. | |
614 | application/vnd.cups-postscript).</dd> | |
f7deaa1a | 615 | |
5a738aea MS |
616 | <dt>LANG</dt> |
617 | <dd>The language locale associated with the job.</dd> | |
f7deaa1a | 618 | |
5a738aea MS |
619 | <dt>PPD</dt> |
620 | <dd>The full pathname of the PostScript Printer Description (PPD) | |
621 | file for this printer.</dd> | |
f7deaa1a | 622 | |
5a738aea | 623 | <dt>PRINTER</dt> |
79e1d494 | 624 | <dd>The queue name of the class or printer.</dd> |
f7deaa1a | 625 | |
5a738aea MS |
626 | <dt>RIP_CACHE</dt> |
627 | <dd>The recommended amount of memory to use for Raster Image | |
628 | Processors (RIPs).</dd> | |
f7deaa1a | 629 | |
79e1d494 MS |
630 | <dt>TMPDIR</dt> |
631 | <dd>The directory where temporary files should be created.</dd> | |
632 | ||
5a738aea | 633 | </dl> |
f7deaa1a | 634 | |
5a738aea | 635 | <h3><a name="MESSAGES">Communicating with the Scheduler</a></h3> |
f7deaa1a | 636 | |
79e1d494 MS |
637 | <p>Filters and backends communicate with the scheduler by writing messages |
638 | to the standard error file. The scheduler reads messages from all filters in | |
639 | a job and processes the message based on its prefix. For example, the following | |
640 | code sets the current printer state message to "Printing page 5":</p> | |
f7deaa1a | 641 | |
5a738aea MS |
642 | <pre class="example"> |
643 | int page = 5; | |
f7deaa1a | 644 | |
5a738aea | 645 | fprintf(stderr, "INFO: Printing page %d\n", page); |
f7deaa1a | 646 | </pre> |
647 | ||
5a738aea MS |
648 | <p>Each message is a single line of text starting with one of the following |
649 | prefix strings:</p> | |
650 | ||
651 | <dl class="code"> | |
652 | ||
653 | <dt>ALERT: message</dt> | |
654 | <dd>Sets the printer-state-message attribute and adds the specified | |
655 | message to the current error log file using the "alert" log level.</dd> | |
656 | ||
657 | <dt>ATTR: attribute=value [attribute=value]</dt> | |
658 | <dd>Sets the named printer or job attribute(s). Typically this is used | |
659 | to set the <code>marker-colors</code>, <code>marker-levels</code>, | |
75bd9771 MS |
660 | <code>marker-message</code>, <code>marker-names</code>, |
661 | <code>marker-types</code>, <code>printer-alert</code>, and | |
662 | <code>printer-alert-description</code> printer attributes. Standard | |
663 | <code>marker-types</code> values are listed in <a href='#TABLE1'>Table | |
664 | 1</a>.</dd> | |
5a738aea MS |
665 | |
666 | <dt>CRIT: message</dt> | |
667 | <dd>Sets the printer-state-message attribute and adds the specified | |
668 | message to the current error log file using the "critical" log | |
669 | level.</dd> | |
670 | ||
671 | <dt>DEBUG: message</dt> | |
672 | <dd>Sets the printer-state-message attribute and adds the specified | |
673 | message to the current error log file using the "debug" log level.</dd> | |
674 | ||
675 | <dt>DEBUG2: message</dt> | |
676 | <dd>Sets the printer-state-message attribute and adds the specified | |
677 | message to the current error log file using the "debug2" log level.</dd> | |
678 | ||
679 | <dt>EMERG: message</dt> | |
680 | <dd>Sets the printer-state-message attribute and adds the specified | |
681 | message to the current error log file using the "emergency" log | |
682 | level.</dd> | |
683 | ||
684 | <dt>ERROR: message</dt> | |
685 | <dd>Sets the printer-state-message attribute and adds the specified | |
79e1d494 MS |
686 | message to the current error log file using the "error" log level. |
687 | Use "ERROR:" messages for non-persistent processing errors.</dd> | |
5a738aea MS |
688 | |
689 | <dt>INFO: message</dt> | |
690 | <dd>Sets the printer-state-message attribute. If the current log level | |
691 | is set to "debug2", also adds the specified message to the current error | |
692 | log file using the "info" log level.</dd> | |
693 | ||
694 | <dt>NOTICE: message</dt> | |
695 | <dd>Sets the printer-state-message attribute and adds the specified | |
696 | message to the current error log file using the "notice" log level.</dd> | |
697 | ||
698 | <dt>PAGE: page-number #-copies</dt> | |
699 | <dt>PAGE: total #-pages</dt> | |
700 | <dd>Adds an entry to the current page log file. The first form adds | |
701 | #-copies to the job-media-sheets-completed attribute. The second | |
702 | form sets the job-media-sheets-completed attribute to #-pages.</dd> | |
703 | ||
20fbc903 MS |
704 | <dt>PPD: keyword=value [keyword=value ...]</dt> |
705 | <dd>Changes or adds keywords to the printer's PPD file. Typically | |
706 | this is used to update installable options or default media settings | |
707 | based on the printer configuration.</dd> | |
708 | ||
5a738aea MS |
709 | <dt>STATE: printer-state-reason [printer-state-reason ...]</dt> |
710 | <dt>STATE: + printer-state-reason [printer-state-reason ...]</dt> | |
711 | <dt>STATE: - printer-state-reason [printer-state-reason ...]</dt> | |
712 | <dd>Sets, adds, or removes printer-state-reason keywords to the | |
79e1d494 MS |
713 | current queue. Typically this is used to indicate persistent media, |
714 | ink, toner, and configuration conditions or errors on a printer. | |
715 | <a href='#TABLE2'>Table 2</a> lists the standard state keywords - | |
acb056cb MS |
716 | use vendor-prefixed ("com.acme.foo") keywords for custom states. |
717 | ||
718 | <blockquote><b>Note:</b> | |
719 | ||
720 | <p>"STATE:" messages often provide visible alerts to the user. For example, on | |
721 | Mac OS X setting a printer-state-reason value with an "-error" or "-warning" | |
722 | suffix will cause the printer's dock item to bounce if the corresponding reason | |
723 | is localized with a cupsIPPReason keyword in the printer's PPD file.</p> | |
724 | ||
725 | </blockquote></dd> | |
5a738aea MS |
726 | |
727 | <dt>WARNING: message</dt> | |
728 | <dd>Sets the printer-state-message attribute and adds the specified | |
729 | message to the current error log file using the "warning" log | |
730 | level.</dd> | |
731 | ||
732 | </dl> | |
733 | ||
734 | <p>Messages without one of these prefixes are treated as if they began with | |
735 | the "DEBUG:" prefix string.</p> | |
736 | ||
79e1d494 MS |
737 | <div class='table'><table width='80%' summary='Table 1: Standard marker-types Values'> |
738 | <caption>Table 1: <a name='TABLE1'>Standard marker-types Values</a></caption> | |
739 | <thead> | |
740 | <tr> | |
741 | <th>marker-type</th> | |
742 | <th>Description</th> | |
743 | </tr> | |
744 | </thead> | |
745 | <tbody> | |
746 | <tr> | |
747 | <td>developer</td> | |
748 | <td>Developer unit</td> | |
749 | </tr> | |
750 | <tr> | |
751 | <td>fuser</td> | |
752 | <td>Fuser unit</td> | |
753 | </tr> | |
754 | <tr> | |
755 | <td>fuserCleaningPad</td> | |
756 | <td>Fuser cleaning pad</td> | |
757 | </tr> | |
758 | <tr> | |
759 | <td>fuserOil</td> | |
760 | <td>Fuser oil</td> | |
761 | </tr> | |
762 | <tr> | |
763 | <td>ink</td> | |
764 | <td>Ink supply</td> | |
765 | </tr> | |
766 | <tr> | |
767 | <td>opc</td> | |
768 | <td>Photo conductor</td> | |
769 | </tr> | |
770 | <tr> | |
771 | <td>solidWax</td> | |
772 | <td>Wax supply</td> | |
773 | </tr> | |
774 | <tr> | |
775 | <td>staples</td> | |
776 | <td>Staple supply</td> | |
777 | </tr> | |
778 | <tr> | |
779 | <td>toner</td> | |
780 | <td>Toner supply</td> | |
781 | </tr> | |
782 | <tr> | |
783 | <td>transferUnit</td> | |
784 | <td>Transfer unit</td> | |
785 | </tr> | |
786 | <tr> | |
787 | <td>wasteInk</td> | |
788 | <td>Waste ink tank</td> | |
789 | </tr> | |
790 | <tr> | |
791 | <td>wasteToner</td> | |
792 | <td>Waste toner tank</td> | |
793 | </tr> | |
794 | <tr> | |
795 | <td>wasteWax</td> | |
796 | <td>Waste wax tank</td> | |
797 | </tr> | |
798 | </tbody> | |
799 | </table></div> | |
800 | ||
801 | <br> | |
802 | ||
803 | <div class='table'><table width='80%' summary='Table 2: Standard State Keywords'> | |
804 | <caption>Table 2: <a name='TABLE2'>Standard State Keywords</a></caption> | |
805 | <thead> | |
806 | <tr> | |
807 | <th>Keyword</th> | |
808 | <th>Description</th> | |
809 | </tr> | |
810 | </thead> | |
811 | <tbody> | |
812 | <tr> | |
813 | <td>connecting-to-device</td> | |
814 | <td>Connecting to printer but not printing yet</td> | |
815 | </tr> | |
816 | <tr> | |
817 | <td>cover-open</td> | |
818 | <td>A cover is open on the printer</td> | |
819 | </tr> | |
820 | <tr> | |
821 | <td>input-tray-missing</td> | |
822 | <td>An input tray is missing from the printer</td> | |
823 | </tr> | |
824 | <tr> | |
825 | <td>marker-supply-empty</td> | |
826 | <td>Out of ink</td> | |
827 | </tr> | |
828 | <tr> | |
829 | <td>marker-supply-low</td> | |
830 | <td>Low on ink</td> | |
831 | </tr> | |
832 | <tr> | |
833 | <td>marker-waste-almost-full</td> | |
834 | <td>Waste tank almost full</td> | |
835 | </tr> | |
836 | <tr> | |
837 | <td>marker-waste-full</td> | |
838 | <td>Waste tank full</td> | |
839 | </tr> | |
840 | <tr> | |
841 | <td>media-empty</td> | |
842 | <td>Out of media</td> | |
843 | </tr> | |
844 | <tr> | |
845 | <td>media-jam</td> | |
846 | <td>Media is jammed in the printer</td> | |
847 | </tr> | |
848 | <tr> | |
849 | <td>media-low</td> | |
850 | <td>Low on media</td> | |
851 | </tr> | |
852 | <tr> | |
853 | <td>paused</td> | |
854 | <td>Stop the printer</td> | |
855 | </tr> | |
856 | <tr> | |
857 | <td>timed-out</td> | |
858 | <td>Unable to connect to printer</td> | |
859 | </tr> | |
860 | <tr> | |
861 | <td>toner-empty</td> | |
862 | <td>Out of toner</td> | |
863 | </tr> | |
864 | <tr> | |
865 | <td>toner-low</td> | |
866 | <td>Low on toner</td> | |
867 | </tr> | |
868 | </tbody> | |
869 | </table></div> | |
870 | ||
20fbc903 | 871 | <h3><a name="COMMUNICATING_BACKEND">Communicating with the Backend</a></h3> |
5a738aea MS |
872 | |
873 | <p>Filters can communicate with the backend via the | |
874 | <a href="#cupsBackChannelRead"><code>cupsBackChannelRead</code></a> and | |
875 | <a href="#cupsSideChannelDoRequest"><code>cupsSideChannelDoRequest</code></a> | |
22c9029b | 876 | functions. The |
5a738aea MS |
877 | <a href="#cupsBackChannelRead"><code>cupsBackChannelRead</code></a> function |
878 | reads data that has been sent back from the device and is typically used to | |
879 | obtain status and configuration information. For example, the following code | |
880 | polls the backend for back-channel data:</p> | |
881 | ||
882 | <pre class="example"> | |
883 | #include <cups/cups.h> | |
884 | ||
885 | char buffer[8192]; | |
886 | ssize_t bytes; | |
887 | ||
888 | /* Use a timeout of 0.0 seconds to poll for back-channel data */ | |
889 | bytes = cupsBackChannelRead(buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0.0); | |
890 | </pre> | |
f7deaa1a | 891 | |
79e1d494 MS |
892 | <p>Filters can also use <code>select()</code> or <code>poll()</code> on the |
893 | back-channel file descriptor (3 or <code>CUPS_BC_FD</code>) to read data only | |
894 | when it is available.</p> | |
895 | ||
896 | <p>The | |
5a738aea MS |
897 | <a href="#cupsSideChannelDoRequest"><code>cupsSideChannelDoRequest</code></a> |
898 | function allows you to get out-of-band status information and do synchronization | |
899 | with the device. For example, the following code gets the current IEEE-1284 | |
900 | device ID string from the backend:</p> | |
901 | ||
902 | <pre class="example"> | |
f7deaa1a | 903 | #include <cups/sidechannel.h> |
904 | ||
905 | char data[2049]; | |
906 | int datalen; | |
5a738aea | 907 | <a href="#cups_sc_status_t">cups_sc_status_t</a> status; |
f7deaa1a | 908 | |
79e1d494 MS |
909 | /* Tell cupsSideChannelDoRequest() how big our buffer is, less 1 byte for |
910 | nul-termination... */ | |
f7deaa1a | 911 | datalen = sizeof(data) - 1; |
912 | ||
913 | /* Get the IEEE-1284 device ID, waiting for up to 1 second */ | |
5a738aea | 914 | status = <a href="#cupsSideChannelDoRequest">cupsSideChannelDoRequest</a>(CUPS_SC_CMD_GET_DEVICE_ID, data, &datalen, 1.0); |
f7deaa1a | 915 | |
916 | /* Use the returned value if OK was returned and the length is non-zero */ | |
917 | if (status == CUPS_SC_STATUS_OK && datalen > 0) | |
918 | data[datalen] = '\0'; | |
919 | else | |
920 | data[0] = '\0'; | |
921 | </pre> | |
922 | ||
20fbc903 MS |
923 | <h3><a name="COMMUNICATING_FILTER">Communicating with Filters</a></h3> |
924 | ||
5a738aea MS |
925 | <p>Backends communicate with filters using the reciprocal functions |
926 | <a href="#cupsBackChannelWrite"><code>cupsBackChannelWrite</code></a>, | |
927 | <a href="#cupsSideChannelRead"><code>cupsSideChannelRead</code></a>, and | |
928 | <a href="#cupsSideChannelWrite"><code>cupsSideChannelWrite</code></a>. We | |
929 | recommend writing back-channel data using a timeout of 1.0 seconds:</p> | |
f7deaa1a | 930 | |
5a738aea MS |
931 | <pre class="example"> |
932 | #include <cups/cups.h> | |
f7deaa1a | 933 | |
5a738aea MS |
934 | char buffer[8192]; |
935 | ssize_t bytes; | |
f7deaa1a | 936 | |
79e1d494 MS |
937 | /* Obtain data from printer/device */ |
938 | ... | |
939 | ||
5a738aea MS |
940 | /* Use a timeout of 1.0 seconds to give filters a chance to read */ |
941 | cupsBackChannelWrite(buffer, bytes, 1.0); | |
f7deaa1a | 942 | </pre> |
943 | ||
5a738aea MS |
944 | <p>The <a href="#cupsSideChannelRead"><code>cupsSideChannelRead</code></a> |
945 | function reads a side-channel command from a filter, driver, or port monitor. | |
946 | Backends can either poll for commands using a <code>timeout</code> of 0.0, wait | |
947 | indefinitely for commands using a <code>timeout</code> of -1.0 (probably in a | |
948 | separate thread for that purpose), or use <code>select</code> or | |
949 | <code>poll</code> on the <code>CUPS_SC_FD</code> file descriptor (4) to handle | |
20fbc903 | 950 | input and output on several file descriptors at the same time.</p> |
5a738aea MS |
951 | |
952 | <p>Once a command is processed, the backend uses the | |
953 | <a href="#cupsSideChannelWrite"><code>cupsSideChannelWrite</code></a> function | |
954 | to send its response. For example, the following code shows how to poll for a | |
955 | side-channel command and respond to it:</p> | |
956 | ||
957 | <pre class="example"> | |
f7deaa1a | 958 | #include <cups/sidechannel.h> |
959 | ||
5a738aea MS |
960 | <a href="#cups_sc_command_t">cups_sc_command_t</a> command; |
961 | <a href="#cups_sc_status_t">cups_sc_status_t</a> status; | |
20fbc903 MS |
962 | char data[2048]; |
963 | int datalen = sizeof(data); | |
f7deaa1a | 964 | |
965 | /* Poll for a command... */ | |
20fbc903 | 966 | if (!<a href="#cupsSideChannelRead">cupsSideChannelRead</a>(&command, &status, data, &datalen, 0.0)) |
f7deaa1a | 967 | { |
f7deaa1a | 968 | switch (command) |
969 | { | |
20fbc903 | 970 | /* handle supported commands, fill data/datalen/status with values as needed */ |
f7deaa1a | 971 | |
972 | default : | |
973 | status = CUPS_SC_STATUS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED; | |
974 | datalen = 0; | |
975 | break; | |
976 | } | |
977 | ||
978 | /* Send a response... */ | |
5a738aea | 979 | <a href="#cupsSideChannelWrite">cupsSideChannelWrite</a>(command, status, data, datalen, 1.0); |
f7deaa1a | 980 | } |
981 | </pre> | |
ac884b6a MS |
982 | |
983 | <h3><a name="SNMP">Doing SNMP Queries with Network Printers</a></h3> | |
984 | ||
985 | <p>The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) allows you to get the current | |
986 | status, page counter, and supply levels from most network printers. Every | |
987 | piece of information is associated with an Object Identifier (OID), and | |
988 | every printer has a <em>community</em> name associated with it. OIDs can be | |
989 | queried directly or by "walking" over a range of OIDs with a common prefix.</p> | |
990 | ||
20fbc903 MS |
991 | <p>The two CUPS SNMP functions provide a simple API for querying network |
992 | printers through the side-channel interface. Each accepts a string containing | |
993 | an OID like ".1.3.6.1.2.1.43.10.2.1.4.1.1" (the standard page counter OID) | |
994 | along with a timeout for the query.</p> | |
ac884b6a | 995 | |
20fbc903 MS |
996 | <p>The <a href="#cupsSideChannelSNMPGet"><code>cupsSideChannelSNMPGet</code></a> |
997 | function queries a single OID and returns the value as a string in a buffer | |
998 | you supply:</p> | |
ac884b6a MS |
999 | |
1000 | <pre class="example"> | |
20fbc903 | 1001 | #include <cups/sidechannel.h> |
ac884b6a | 1002 | |
20fbc903 MS |
1003 | char data[512]; |
1004 | int datalen = sizeof(data); | |
ac884b6a | 1005 | |
20fbc903 MS |
1006 | if (<a href="#cupsSideChannelSNMPGet">cupsSideChannelSNMPGet</a>(".1.3.6.1.2.1.43.10.2.1.4.1.1", data, &datalen, 5.0) |
1007 | == CUPS_SC_STATUS_OK) | |
ac884b6a MS |
1008 | { |
1009 | /* Do something with the value */ | |
20fbc903 | 1010 | printf("Page counter is: %s\n", data); |
ac884b6a MS |
1011 | } |
1012 | </pre> | |
1013 | ||
20fbc903 MS |
1014 | <p>The |
1015 | <a href="#cupsSideChannelSNMPWalk"><code>cupsSideChannelSNMPWalk</code></a> | |
1016 | function allows you to query a whole group of OIDs, calling a function of your | |
1017 | choice for each OID that is found:</p> | |
ac884b6a MS |
1018 | |
1019 | <pre class="example"> | |
20fbc903 | 1020 | #include <cups/sidechannel.h> |
ac884b6a MS |
1021 | |
1022 | void | |
20fbc903 | 1023 | my_callback(const char *oid, const char *data, int datalen, void *context) |
ac884b6a MS |
1024 | { |
1025 | /* Do something with the value */ | |
20fbc903 | 1026 | printf("%s=%s\n", oid, data); |
ac884b6a MS |
1027 | } |
1028 | ||
20fbc903 MS |
1029 | ... |
1030 | ||
ac884b6a MS |
1031 | void *my_data; |
1032 | ||
20fbc903 | 1033 | <a href="#cupsSideChannelSNMPWalk">cupsSNMPSideChannelWalk</a>(".1.3.6.1.2.1.43", 5.0, my_callback, my_data); |
ac884b6a | 1034 | </pre> |
20fbc903 | 1035 | <h2 class="title"><a name="FUNCTIONS">Functions</a></h2> |
426c6a59 | 1036 | <h3 class="function"><span class="info"> CUPS 1.2/Mac OS X 10.5 </span><a name="cupsBackChannelRead">cupsBackChannelRead</a></h3> |
5a738aea MS |
1037 | <p class="description">Read data from the backchannel.</p> |
1038 | <p class="code"> | |
1039 | ssize_t cupsBackChannelRead (<br> | |
1040 | char *buffer,<br> | |
1041 | size_t bytes,<br> | |
1042 | double timeout<br> | |
1043 | );</p> | |
1044 | <h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4> | |
1045 | <dl> | |
1046 | <dt>buffer</dt> | |
79e1d494 | 1047 | <dd class="description">Buffer to read into</dd> |
5a738aea MS |
1048 | <dt>bytes</dt> |
1049 | <dd class="description">Bytes to read</dd> | |
1050 | <dt>timeout</dt> | |
79e1d494 | 1051 | <dd class="description">Timeout in seconds, typically 0.0 to poll</dd> |
5a738aea MS |
1052 | </dl> |
1053 | <h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4> | |
1054 | <p class="description">Bytes read or -1 on error</p> | |
1055 | <h4 class="discussion">Discussion</h4> | |
79e1d494 MS |
1056 | <p class="discussion">Reads up to "bytes" bytes from the backchannel/backend. The "timeout" |
1057 | parameter controls how many seconds to wait for the data - use 0.0 to | |
1058 | return immediately if there is no data, -1.0 to wait for data indefinitely. | |
ef416fc2 | 1059 | |
5a738aea | 1060 | </p> |
426c6a59 | 1061 | <h3 class="function"><span class="info"> CUPS 1.2/Mac OS X 10.5 </span><a name="cupsBackChannelWrite">cupsBackChannelWrite</a></h3> |
5a738aea MS |
1062 | <p class="description">Write data to the backchannel.</p> |
1063 | <p class="code"> | |
1064 | ssize_t cupsBackChannelWrite (<br> | |
1065 | const char *buffer,<br> | |
1066 | size_t bytes,<br> | |
1067 | double timeout<br> | |
1068 | );</p> | |
1069 | <h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4> | |
1070 | <dl> | |
1071 | <dt>buffer</dt> | |
1072 | <dd class="description">Buffer to write</dd> | |
1073 | <dt>bytes</dt> | |
1074 | <dd class="description">Bytes to write</dd> | |
1075 | <dt>timeout</dt> | |
79e1d494 | 1076 | <dd class="description">Timeout in seconds, typically 1.0</dd> |
5a738aea MS |
1077 | </dl> |
1078 | <h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4> | |
1079 | <p class="description">Bytes written or -1 on error</p> | |
1080 | <h4 class="discussion">Discussion</h4> | |
79e1d494 | 1081 | <p class="discussion">Writes "bytes" bytes to the backchannel/filter. The "timeout" parameter |
ef416fc2 | 1082 | controls how many seconds to wait for the data to be written - use |
1083 | 0.0 to return immediately if the data cannot be written, -1.0 to wait | |
1084 | indefinitely. | |
1085 | ||
ac884b6a | 1086 | </p> |
426c6a59 | 1087 | <h3 class="function"><span class="info"> CUPS 1.2/Mac OS X 10.5 </span><a name="cupsBackendDeviceURI">cupsBackendDeviceURI</a></h3> |
ac884b6a MS |
1088 | <p class="description">Get the device URI for a backend.</p> |
1089 | <p class="code"> | |
1090 | const char *cupsBackendDeviceURI (<br> | |
1091 | char **argv<br> | |
1092 | );</p> | |
1093 | <h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4> | |
1094 | <dl> | |
1095 | <dt>argv</dt> | |
1096 | <dd class="description">Command-line arguments</dd> | |
1097 | </dl> | |
1098 | <h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4> | |
1099 | <p class="description">Device URI or <code>NULL</code></p> | |
1100 | <h4 class="discussion">Discussion</h4> | |
1101 | <p class="discussion">The "argv" argument is the argv argument passed to main(). This | |
1102 | function returns the device URI passed in the DEVICE_URI environment | |
1103 | variable or the device URI passed in argv[0], whichever is found | |
426c6a59 MS |
1104 | first. |
1105 | ||
1106 | </p> | |
178cb736 | 1107 | <h3 class="function"><span class="info"> CUPS 1.4/Mac OS X 10.6 </span><a name="cupsBackendReport">cupsBackendReport</a></h3> |
06d4e77b MS |
1108 | <p class="description">Write a device line from a backend.</p> |
1109 | <p class="code"> | |
1110 | void cupsBackendReport (<br> | |
1111 | const char *device_scheme,<br> | |
1112 | const char *device_uri,<br> | |
1113 | const char *device_make_and_model,<br> | |
1114 | const char *device_info,<br> | |
1115 | const char *device_id,<br> | |
1116 | const char *device_location<br> | |
1117 | );</p> | |
1118 | <h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4> | |
1119 | <dl> | |
1120 | <dt>device_scheme</dt> | |
1121 | <dd class="description">device-scheme string</dd> | |
1122 | <dt>device_uri</dt> | |
1123 | <dd class="description">device-uri string</dd> | |
1124 | <dt>device_make_and_model</dt> | |
1125 | <dd class="description">device-make-and-model string or <code>NULL</code></dd> | |
1126 | <dt>device_info</dt> | |
1127 | <dd class="description">device-info string or <code>NULL</code></dd> | |
1128 | <dt>device_id</dt> | |
1129 | <dd class="description">device-id string or <code>NULL</code></dd> | |
1130 | <dt>device_location</dt> | |
1131 | <dd class="description">device-location string or <code>NULL</code></dd> | |
1132 | </dl> | |
1133 | <h4 class="discussion">Discussion</h4> | |
1134 | <p class="discussion">This function writes a single device line to stdout for a backend. | |
1135 | It handles quoting of special characters in the device-make-and-model, | |
426c6a59 MS |
1136 | device-info, device-id, and device-location strings. |
1137 | ||
1138 | </p> | |
1139 | <h3 class="function"><span class="info"> CUPS 1.3/Mac OS X 10.5 </span><a name="cupsSideChannelDoRequest">cupsSideChannelDoRequest</a></h3> | |
5a738aea MS |
1140 | <p class="description">Send a side-channel command to a backend and wait for a response.</p> |
1141 | <p class="code"> | |
1142 | <a href="#cups_sc_status_t">cups_sc_status_t</a> cupsSideChannelDoRequest (<br> | |
1143 | <a href="#cups_sc_command_t">cups_sc_command_t</a> command,<br> | |
1144 | char *data,<br> | |
1145 | int *datalen,<br> | |
1146 | double timeout<br> | |
1147 | );</p> | |
1148 | <h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4> | |
1149 | <dl> | |
1150 | <dt>command</dt> | |
1151 | <dd class="description">Command to send</dd> | |
1152 | <dt>data</dt> | |
1153 | <dd class="description">Response data buffer pointer</dd> | |
1154 | <dt>datalen</dt> | |
1155 | <dd class="description">Size of data buffer on entry, number of bytes in buffer on return</dd> | |
1156 | <dt>timeout</dt> | |
1157 | <dd class="description">Timeout in seconds</dd> | |
1158 | </dl> | |
1159 | <h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4> | |
1160 | <p class="description">Status of command</p> | |
1161 | <h4 class="discussion">Discussion</h4> | |
1162 | <p class="discussion">This function is normally only called by filters, drivers, or port | |
f7deaa1a | 1163 | monitors in order to communicate with the backend used by the current |
1164 | printer. Programs must be prepared to handle timeout or "not | |
1165 | implemented" status codes, which indicate that the backend or device | |
5a738aea MS |
1166 | do not support the specified side-channel command.<br> |
1167 | <br> | |
1168 | The "datalen" parameter must be initialized to the size of the buffer | |
f7deaa1a | 1169 | pointed to by the "data" parameter. cupsSideChannelDoRequest() will |
1170 | update the value to contain the number of data bytes in the buffer. | |
1171 | ||
5a738aea | 1172 | </p> |
426c6a59 | 1173 | <h3 class="function"><span class="info"> CUPS 1.3/Mac OS X 10.5 </span><a name="cupsSideChannelRead">cupsSideChannelRead</a></h3> |
5a738aea MS |
1174 | <p class="description">Read a side-channel message.</p> |
1175 | <p class="code"> | |
1176 | int cupsSideChannelRead (<br> | |
1177 | <a href="#cups_sc_command_t">cups_sc_command_t</a> *command,<br> | |
1178 | <a href="#cups_sc_status_t">cups_sc_status_t</a> *status,<br> | |
1179 | char *data,<br> | |
1180 | int *datalen,<br> | |
1181 | double timeout<br> | |
1182 | );</p> | |
1183 | <h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4> | |
1184 | <dl> | |
1185 | <dt>command</dt> | |
1186 | <dd class="description">Command code</dd> | |
1187 | <dt>status</dt> | |
1188 | <dd class="description">Status code</dd> | |
1189 | <dt>data</dt> | |
1190 | <dd class="description">Data buffer pointer</dd> | |
1191 | <dt>datalen</dt> | |
1192 | <dd class="description">Size of data buffer on entry, number of bytes in buffer on return</dd> | |
1193 | <dt>timeout</dt> | |
1194 | <dd class="description">Timeout in seconds</dd> | |
1195 | </dl> | |
1196 | <h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4> | |
1197 | <p class="description">0 on success, -1 on error</p> | |
1198 | <h4 class="discussion">Discussion</h4> | |
1199 | <p class="discussion">This function is normally only called by backend programs to read | |
f7deaa1a | 1200 | commands from a filter, driver, or port monitor program. The |
1201 | caller must be prepared to handle incomplete or invalid messages | |
5a738aea MS |
1202 | and return the corresponding status codes.<br> |
1203 | <br> | |
1204 | The "datalen" parameter must be initialized to the size of the buffer | |
f7deaa1a | 1205 | pointed to by the "data" parameter. cupsSideChannelDoRequest() will |
1206 | update the value to contain the number of data bytes in the buffer. | |
1207 | ||
20fbc903 | 1208 | </p> |
178cb736 | 1209 | <h3 class="function"><span class="info"> CUPS 1.4/Mac OS X 10.6 </span><a name="cupsSideChannelSNMPGet">cupsSideChannelSNMPGet</a></h3> |
20fbc903 MS |
1210 | <p class="description">Query a SNMP OID's value.</p> |
1211 | <p class="code"> | |
1212 | <a href="#cups_sc_status_t">cups_sc_status_t</a> cupsSideChannelSNMPGet (<br> | |
1213 | const char *oid,<br> | |
1214 | char *data,<br> | |
1215 | int *datalen,<br> | |
1216 | double timeout<br> | |
1217 | );</p> | |
1218 | <h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4> | |
1219 | <dl> | |
1220 | <dt>oid</dt> | |
1221 | <dd class="description">OID to query</dd> | |
1222 | <dt>data</dt> | |
1223 | <dd class="description">Buffer for OID value</dd> | |
1224 | <dt>datalen</dt> | |
1225 | <dd class="description">Size of OID buffer on entry, size of value on return</dd> | |
1226 | <dt>timeout</dt> | |
1227 | <dd class="description">Timeout in seconds</dd> | |
1228 | </dl> | |
1229 | <h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4> | |
1230 | <p class="description">Query status</p> | |
1231 | <h4 class="discussion">Discussion</h4> | |
1232 | <p class="discussion">This function asks the backend to do a SNMP OID query on behalf of the | |
1233 | filter, port monitor, or backend using the default community name.<br> | |
1234 | <br> | |
1235 | "oid" contains a numeric OID consisting of integers separated by periods, | |
1236 | for example ".1.3.6.1.2.1.43". Symbolic names from SNMP MIBs are not | |
1237 | supported and must be converted to their numeric forms.<br> | |
1238 | <br> | |
1239 | On input, "data" and "datalen" provide the location and size of the | |
1240 | buffer to hold the OID value as a string. HEX-String (binary) values are | |
1241 | converted to hexadecimal strings representing the binary data, while | |
1242 | NULL-Value and unknown OID types are returned as the empty string. | |
1243 | The returned "datalen" does not include the trailing nul. | |
1244 | ||
1245 | <code>CUPS_SC_STATUS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED</code> is returned by backends that do not | |
1246 | support SNMP queries. <code>CUPS_SC_STATUS_NO_RESPONSE</code> is returned when | |
1247 | the printer does not respond to the SNMP query. | |
1248 | ||
1249 | </p> | |
178cb736 | 1250 | <h3 class="function"><span class="info"> CUPS 1.4/Mac OS X 10.6 </span><a name="cupsSideChannelSNMPWalk">cupsSideChannelSNMPWalk</a></h3> |
20fbc903 MS |
1251 | <p class="description">Query multiple SNMP OID values.</p> |
1252 | <p class="code"> | |
1253 | <a href="#cups_sc_status_t">cups_sc_status_t</a> cupsSideChannelSNMPWalk (<br> | |
1254 | const char *oid,<br> | |
1255 | double timeout,<br> | |
1256 | <a href="#cups_sc_walk_func_t">cups_sc_walk_func_t</a> cb,<br> | |
1257 | void *context<br> | |
1258 | );</p> | |
1259 | <h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4> | |
1260 | <dl> | |
1261 | <dt>oid</dt> | |
1262 | <dd class="description">First numeric OID to query</dd> | |
1263 | <dt>timeout</dt> | |
1264 | <dd class="description">Timeout for each query in seconds</dd> | |
1265 | <dt>cb</dt> | |
1266 | <dd class="description">Function to call with each value</dd> | |
1267 | <dt>context</dt> | |
1268 | <dd class="description">Application-defined pointer to send to callback</dd> | |
1269 | </dl> | |
1270 | <h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4> | |
1271 | <p class="description">Status of first query of <code>CUPS_SC_STATUS_OK</code> on success</p> | |
1272 | <h4 class="discussion">Discussion</h4> | |
1273 | <p class="discussion">This function asks the backend to do multiple SNMP OID queries on behalf | |
1274 | of the filter, port monitor, or backend using the default community name. | |
1275 | All OIDs under the "parent" OID are queried and the results are sent to | |
1276 | the callback function you provide.<br> | |
1277 | <br> | |
1278 | "oid" contains a numeric OID consisting of integers separated by periods, | |
1279 | for example ".1.3.6.1.2.1.43". Symbolic names from SNMP MIBs are not | |
1280 | supported and must be converted to their numeric forms.<br> | |
1281 | <br> | |
1282 | "timeout" specifies the timeout for each OID query. The total amount of | |
1283 | time will depend on the number of OID values found and the time required | |
1284 | for each query.<br> | |
1285 | <br> | |
1286 | "cb" provides a function to call for every value that is found. "context" | |
1287 | is an application-defined pointer that is sent to the callback function | |
1288 | along with the OID and current data. The data passed to the callback is the | |
1289 | same as returned by <a href="#cupsSideChannelSNMPGet"><code>cupsSideChannelSNMPGet</code></a>. | |
1290 | ||
1291 | <code>CUPS_SC_STATUS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED</code> is returned by backends that do not | |
1292 | support SNMP queries. <code>CUPS_SC_STATUS_NO_RESPONSE</code> is returned when | |
1293 | the printer does not respond to the first SNMP query. | |
1294 | ||
5a738aea | 1295 | </p> |
426c6a59 | 1296 | <h3 class="function"><span class="info"> CUPS 1.3/Mac OS X 10.5 </span><a name="cupsSideChannelWrite">cupsSideChannelWrite</a></h3> |
5a738aea MS |
1297 | <p class="description">Write a side-channel message.</p> |
1298 | <p class="code"> | |
1299 | int cupsSideChannelWrite (<br> | |
1300 | <a href="#cups_sc_command_t">cups_sc_command_t</a> command,<br> | |
1301 | <a href="#cups_sc_status_t">cups_sc_status_t</a> status,<br> | |
1302 | const char *data,<br> | |
1303 | int datalen,<br> | |
1304 | double timeout<br> | |
1305 | );</p> | |
1306 | <h4 class="parameters">Parameters</h4> | |
1307 | <dl> | |
1308 | <dt>command</dt> | |
1309 | <dd class="description">Command code</dd> | |
1310 | <dt>status</dt> | |
1311 | <dd class="description">Status code</dd> | |
1312 | <dt>data</dt> | |
1313 | <dd class="description">Data buffer pointer</dd> | |
1314 | <dt>datalen</dt> | |
1315 | <dd class="description">Number of bytes of data</dd> | |
1316 | <dt>timeout</dt> | |
1317 | <dd class="description">Timeout in seconds</dd> | |
1318 | </dl> | |
1319 | <h4 class="returnvalue">Return Value</h4> | |
1320 | <p class="description">0 on success, -1 on error</p> | |
1321 | <h4 class="discussion">Discussion</h4> | |
1322 | <p class="discussion">This function is normally only called by backend programs to send | |
f7deaa1a | 1323 | responses to a filter, driver, or port monitor program. |
1324 | ||
5a738aea MS |
1325 | </p> |
1326 | <h2 class="title"><a name="TYPES">Data Types</a></h2> | |
1327 | <h3 class="typedef"><a name="cups_backend_t">cups_backend_t</a></h3> | |
1328 | <p class="description">Backend exit codes</p> | |
1329 | <p class="code"> | |
1330 | typedef enum <a href="#cups_backend_e">cups_backend_e</a> cups_backend_t; | |
1331 | </p> | |
1332 | <h3 class="typedef"><a name="cups_sc_bidi_t">cups_sc_bidi_t</a></h3> | |
1333 | <p class="description">Bidirectional capabilities</p> | |
1334 | <p class="code"> | |
1335 | typedef enum <a href="#cups_sc_bidi_e">cups_sc_bidi_e</a> cups_sc_bidi_t; | |
1336 | </p> | |
1337 | <h3 class="typedef"><a name="cups_sc_command_t">cups_sc_command_t</a></h3> | |
1338 | <p class="description">Request command codes</p> | |
1339 | <p class="code"> | |
1340 | typedef enum <a href="#cups_sc_command_e">cups_sc_command_e</a> cups_sc_command_t; | |
1341 | </p> | |
82f97232 MS |
1342 | <h3 class="typedef"><a name="cups_sc_connected_t">cups_sc_connected_t</a></h3> |
1343 | <p class="description">Connectivity values</p> | |
1344 | <p class="code"> | |
1345 | typedef enum <a href="#cups_sc_connected_e">cups_sc_connected_e</a> cups_sc_connected_t; | |
1346 | </p> | |
5a738aea MS |
1347 | <h3 class="typedef"><a name="cups_sc_state_t">cups_sc_state_t</a></h3> |
1348 | <p class="description">Printer state bits</p> | |
1349 | <p class="code"> | |
1350 | typedef enum <a href="#cups_sc_state_e">cups_sc_state_e</a> cups_sc_state_t; | |
1351 | </p> | |
1352 | <h3 class="typedef"><a name="cups_sc_status_t">cups_sc_status_t</a></h3> | |
1353 | <p class="description">Response status codes</p> | |
1354 | <p class="code"> | |
1355 | typedef enum <a href="#cups_sc_status_e">cups_sc_status_e</a> cups_sc_status_t; | |
1356 | </p> | |
20fbc903 MS |
1357 | <h3 class="typedef"><a name="cups_sc_walk_func_t">cups_sc_walk_func_t</a></h3> |
1358 | <p class="description">SNMP walk callback</p> | |
1359 | <p class="code"> | |
1360 | typedef void (*cups_sc_walk_func_t)(const char *oid, const char *data, int datalen, void *context); | |
1361 | </p> | |
5a738aea MS |
1362 | <h2 class="title"><a name="ENUMERATIONS">Constants</a></h2> |
1363 | <h3 class="enumeration"><a name="cups_backend_e">cups_backend_e</a></h3> | |
1364 | <p class="description">Backend exit codes</p> | |
1365 | <h4 class="constants">Constants</h4> | |
1366 | <dl> | |
1367 | <dt>CUPS_BACKEND_AUTH_REQUIRED </dt> | |
1368 | <dd class="description">Job failed, authentication required</dd> | |
1369 | <dt>CUPS_BACKEND_CANCEL </dt> | |
1370 | <dd class="description">Job failed, cancel job</dd> | |
1371 | <dt>CUPS_BACKEND_FAILED </dt> | |
1372 | <dd class="description">Job failed, use error-policy</dd> | |
1373 | <dt>CUPS_BACKEND_HOLD </dt> | |
1374 | <dd class="description">Job failed, hold job</dd> | |
1375 | <dt>CUPS_BACKEND_OK </dt> | |
1376 | <dd class="description">Job completed successfully</dd> | |
22c9029b MS |
1377 | <dt>CUPS_BACKEND_RETRY </dt> |
1378 | <dd class="description">Job failed, retry this job later</dd> | |
1379 | <dt>CUPS_BACKEND_RETRY_CURRENT </dt> | |
1380 | <dd class="description">Job failed, retry this job immediately</dd> | |
5a738aea MS |
1381 | <dt>CUPS_BACKEND_STOP </dt> |
1382 | <dd class="description">Job failed, stop queue</dd> | |
1383 | </dl> | |
1384 | <h3 class="enumeration"><a name="cups_sc_bidi_e">cups_sc_bidi_e</a></h3> | |
79e1d494 | 1385 | <p class="description">Bidirectional capability values</p> |
5a738aea MS |
1386 | <h4 class="constants">Constants</h4> |
1387 | <dl> | |
1388 | <dt>CUPS_SC_BIDI_NOT_SUPPORTED </dt> | |
1389 | <dd class="description">Bidirectional I/O is not supported</dd> | |
1390 | <dt>CUPS_SC_BIDI_SUPPORTED </dt> | |
1391 | <dd class="description">Bidirectional I/O is supported</dd> | |
1392 | </dl> | |
1393 | <h3 class="enumeration"><a name="cups_sc_command_e">cups_sc_command_e</a></h3> | |
1394 | <p class="description">Request command codes</p> | |
1395 | <h4 class="constants">Constants</h4> | |
1396 | <dl> | |
1397 | <dt>CUPS_SC_CMD_DRAIN_OUTPUT </dt> | |
1398 | <dd class="description">Drain all pending output</dd> | |
1399 | <dt>CUPS_SC_CMD_GET_BIDI </dt> | |
1400 | <dd class="description">Return bidirectional capabilities</dd> | |
321d8d57 | 1401 | <dt>CUPS_SC_CMD_GET_CONNECTED <span class="info"> CUPS 1.5/Mac OS X 10.7 </span></dt> |
82f97232 | 1402 | <dd class="description">Return whether the backend is "connected" to the printer </dd> |
5a738aea MS |
1403 | <dt>CUPS_SC_CMD_GET_DEVICE_ID </dt> |
1404 | <dd class="description">Return the IEEE-1284 device ID</dd> | |
1405 | <dt>CUPS_SC_CMD_GET_STATE </dt> | |
1406 | <dd class="description">Return the device state</dd> | |
178cb736 | 1407 | <dt>CUPS_SC_CMD_SNMP_GET <span class="info"> CUPS 1.4/Mac OS X 10.6 </span></dt> |
20fbc903 | 1408 | <dd class="description">Query an SNMP OID </dd> |
178cb736 | 1409 | <dt>CUPS_SC_CMD_SNMP_GET_NEXT <span class="info"> CUPS 1.4/Mac OS X 10.6 </span></dt> |
20fbc903 | 1410 | <dd class="description">Query the next SNMP OID </dd> |
5a738aea MS |
1411 | <dt>CUPS_SC_CMD_SOFT_RESET </dt> |
1412 | <dd class="description">Do a soft reset</dd> | |
1413 | </dl> | |
82f97232 MS |
1414 | <h3 class="enumeration"><a name="cups_sc_connected_e">cups_sc_connected_e</a></h3> |
1415 | <p class="description">Connectivity values</p> | |
1416 | <h4 class="constants">Constants</h4> | |
1417 | <dl> | |
1418 | <dt>CUPS_SC_CONNECTED </dt> | |
1419 | <dd class="description">Backend is "connected" to printer</dd> | |
1420 | <dt>CUPS_SC_NOT_CONNECTED </dt> | |
1421 | <dd class="description">Backend is not "connected" to printer</dd> | |
1422 | </dl> | |
5a738aea MS |
1423 | <h3 class="enumeration"><a name="cups_sc_state_e">cups_sc_state_e</a></h3> |
1424 | <p class="description">Printer state bits</p> | |
1425 | <h4 class="constants">Constants</h4> | |
1426 | <dl> | |
1427 | <dt>CUPS_SC_STATE_BUSY </dt> | |
1428 | <dd class="description">Device is busy</dd> | |
1429 | <dt>CUPS_SC_STATE_ERROR </dt> | |
1430 | <dd class="description">Other error condition</dd> | |
1431 | <dt>CUPS_SC_STATE_MARKER_EMPTY </dt> | |
1432 | <dd class="description">Toner/ink out condition</dd> | |
1433 | <dt>CUPS_SC_STATE_MARKER_LOW </dt> | |
1434 | <dd class="description">Toner/ink low condition</dd> | |
1435 | <dt>CUPS_SC_STATE_MEDIA_EMPTY </dt> | |
1436 | <dd class="description">Paper out condition</dd> | |
1437 | <dt>CUPS_SC_STATE_MEDIA_LOW </dt> | |
1438 | <dd class="description">Paper low condition</dd> | |
1439 | <dt>CUPS_SC_STATE_OFFLINE </dt> | |
79e1d494 | 1440 | <dd class="description">Device is offline</dd> |
5a738aea | 1441 | <dt>CUPS_SC_STATE_ONLINE </dt> |
79e1d494 | 1442 | <dd class="description">Device is online</dd> |
5a738aea MS |
1443 | </dl> |
1444 | <h3 class="enumeration"><a name="cups_sc_status_e">cups_sc_status_e</a></h3> | |
1445 | <p class="description">Response status codes</p> | |
1446 | <h4 class="constants">Constants</h4> | |
1447 | <dl> | |
1448 | <dt>CUPS_SC_STATUS_BAD_MESSAGE </dt> | |
1449 | <dd class="description">The command/response message was invalid</dd> | |
1450 | <dt>CUPS_SC_STATUS_IO_ERROR </dt> | |
1451 | <dd class="description">An I/O error occurred</dd> | |
1452 | <dt>CUPS_SC_STATUS_NONE </dt> | |
1453 | <dd class="description">No status</dd> | |
1454 | <dt>CUPS_SC_STATUS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED </dt> | |
1455 | <dd class="description">Command not implemented</dd> | |
1456 | <dt>CUPS_SC_STATUS_NO_RESPONSE </dt> | |
1457 | <dd class="description">The device did not respond</dd> | |
1458 | <dt>CUPS_SC_STATUS_OK </dt> | |
1459 | <dd class="description">Operation succeeded</dd> | |
1460 | <dt>CUPS_SC_STATUS_TIMEOUT </dt> | |
1461 | <dd class="description">The backend did not respond</dd> | |
1462 | <dt>CUPS_SC_STATUS_TOO_BIG </dt> | |
1463 | <dd class="description">Response too big</dd> | |
1464 | </dl> | |
1465 | </div> | |
ef416fc2 | 1466 | </body> |
1467 | </html> |