[thirdparty/cups.git] / doc / help / api-overview.html

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<div class='body'>
<!--
  "$Id$"

  Introduction to CUPS programming header for the Common UNIX Printing System
  (CUPS).

  Copyright 2008-2009 by Apple Inc.

  These coded instructions, statements, and computer programs are the
  property of Apple Inc. and are protected by Federal copyright
  law.  Distribution and use rights are outlined in the file "LICENSE.txt"
  which should have been included with this file.  If this file is
  file is missing or damaged, see the license at "http://www.cups.org/".
-->

<h1 class='title'>Introduction to CUPS Programming</h1>

<div class='summary'><table summary='General Information'>
<thead>
<tr>
	<th>Headers</th>
	<th>cups/cups.h<br>
	cups/array.h<br>
	cups/backend.h<br>
	cups/dir.h<br>
	cups/file.h<br>
	cups/ppd.h<br>
	cups/raster.h<br>
	cups/sidechannel.h</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
	<th>Libraries</th>
	<td>-lcups<br>
	-lcupsimage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
	<th>See Also</th>
	<td>Programming: <a href='raster-driver.html' target='_top'>Developing Raster Printer Drivers</a><br>
	Programming: <a href='postscript-driver.html' target='_top'>Developing PostScript Printer Drivers</a><br>
	Programming: <a href='api-filter.html' target='_top'>Filter and Backend Programming</a><br>
	Programming: <a href='ppd-compiler.html' target='_top'>Introduction to the PPD Compiler</a><br>
	Programming: <a href='api-array.html' target='_top'>Array API</a><br>
	Programming: <a href='api-cups.html' target='_top'>CUPS API</a><br>
	Programming: <a href='api-filedir.html' target='_top'>File and Directory APIs</a><br>
	Programming: <a href='api-httpipp.html' target='_top'>HTTP and IPP APIs</a><br>
	Programming: <a href='api-ppd.html' target='_top'>PPD API</a><br>
	Programming: <a href='api-raster.html' target='_top'>Raster API</a><br>
	References: <a href='ref-ppdcfile.html' target='_top'>PPD Compiler Driver Information File Reference</a><br>
	Specifications: <a href='spec-ppd.html' target='_top'>CUPS PPD Extensions</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<h2 class="title">Contents</h2>
<ul class="contents">
<li><a href="#OVERVIEW">Overview</a></li>
<li><a href="#COMPILING">Compiling Programs</a><ul class="subcontents">
	<li><a href="#XCODE">Compiling with Xcode</a></li>
	<li><a href="#COMMANDLINE">Compiling with GCC</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="#WHERETOGO">Where to Go Next</a></li>
</ul>
<!--
  "$Id$"

  Introduction to CUPS programming content for the Common UNIX Printing System
  (CUPS).

  Copyright 2008 by Apple Inc.

  These coded instructions, statements, and computer programs are the
  property of Apple Inc. and are protected by Federal copyright
  law.  Distribution and use rights are outlined in the file "LICENSE.txt"
  which should have been included with this file.  If this file is
  file is missing or damaged, see the license at "http://www.cups.org/".
-->

<h2 class="title"><a name="OVERVIEW">Overview</a></h2>

<p>CUPS provides two libraries that interface with the different parts of the
printing system. The "cups" library provides all of the common application and
filter functions while the "cupsimage" library provides all of the imaging
functions used in raster printer drivers. The "cups" library functions are
accessed by including the <var>&lt;cups/cups.h&gt;</var> header, while
"cupsimage" functions are found in the <var>&lt;cups/raster.h&gt;</var>
header.</p>

<h2 class="title"><a name="COMPILING">Compiling Programs</a></h2>

<p>The CUPS libraries can be used from any C, C++, or Objective C program.
The method of compiling against the libraries varies depending on the
operating system and installation of CUPS. The following sections show how
to compile a simple program (shown below) in two common environments.</p>

<p>The following simple program lists the available printers on the system:</p>

<pre class="example">
#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
#include &lt;cups/cups.h&gt;

int main(void)
{
  int i;
  cups_dest_t *dests, *dest;
  int num_dests = cupsGetDests(&amp;dests);

  for (i = num_dests, dest = dests; i &gt; 0; i --, dest ++)
  {
    if (dest->instance)
      printf("%s/%s\n", dest->name, dest->instance);
    else
      puts(dest->name);
  }

  return (0);
}
</pre>

<h3><a name="XCODE">Compiling with Xcode</a></h3>

<p>In Xcode, choose <var>New Project...</var> from the <var>File</var> menu,
then select the <var>Standard Tool</var> project type under <var>Command Line
Utility</var>. Click <var>Next</var> and choose a project directory. Click
<var>Next</var> to create the project.</p>

<p>In the project window, double-click on the <var>Targets</var> group and
control-click on the simple target to show the context menu. Choose
<var>Existing Framework...</var> from the <var>Add</var> submenu. When the file
chooser sheet appears, press the <kbd>/</kbd> key and enter "/usr/lib". Scroll
down the file list and select the <var>libcups.dylib</var> file. Click the
<var>Add</var> button in the file chooser and attributes sheets.</p>

<p>In the project window, double-click on the <var>main.c</var> source file.
Replace the template source code with the listing above and save it. Click the
<var>Build and Go</var> button to build the sample program and run it.</p>

<h3><a name="COMMANDLINE">Compiling with GCC</a></h3>

<p>From the command-line, create a file called <var>sample.c</var> using your
favorite editor and then run the following command to compile it with GCC and
run it:</p>

<pre class="command">
gcc -o simple `cups-config --cflags` simple.c `cups-config --libs`
./simple
</pre>

<p>The <code>cups-config</code> command provides the compiler flags
("cups-config --cflags") and libraries ("cups-config --libs") needed for the
local system.</p>

<h2 class="title"><a name="WHERETOGO">Where to Go Next</a></h2>

<p>If you are developing a print filter, driver, or backend, see the
<a href="api-filter.html" target="_top">Filter and Backend Programming</a>
guide. Raster printer driver developers should also read the
<a href="api-raster.html" target="_top">Raster API</a> reference.</p>
</div>
</body>
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	338	}
5a738aea MS	339	--></style>
	340	</head>
	341	<body>
	342	<div class='body'>
	343	<!--
68b10830	344	"$Id$"
5a738aea MS	345
	346	Introduction to CUPS programming header for the Common UNIX Printing System
	347	(CUPS).
	348
178cb736	349	Copyright 2008-2009 by Apple Inc.
5a738aea MS	350
	351	These coded instructions, statements, and computer programs are the
	352	property of Apple Inc. and are protected by Federal copyright
	353	law. Distribution and use rights are outlined in the file "LICENSE.txt"
	354	which should have been included with this file. If this file is
	355	file is missing or damaged, see the license at "http://www.cups.org/".
	356	-->
	357
178cb736 MS	358	<h1 class='title'>Introduction to CUPS Programming</h1>
178cb736 MS	359
5a738aea MS	360	<div class='summary'><table summary='General Information'>
	361	<thead>
	362	<tr>
	363	<th>Headers</th>
	364	<th>cups/cups.h<br>
	365	cups/array.h<br>
	366	cups/backend.h<br>
	367	cups/dir.h<br>
	368	cups/file.h<br>
	369	cups/ppd.h<br>
	370	cups/raster.h<br>
	371	cups/sidechannel.h</th>
	372	</tr>
	373	</thead>
	374	<tbody>
	375	<tr>
	376	<th>Libraries</th>
	377	<td>-lcups<br>
	378	-lcupsimage</td>
	379	</tr>
	380	<tr>
	381	<th>See Also</th>
e4572d57 MS	382	<td>Programming: <a href='raster-driver.html' target='_top'>Developing Raster Printer Drivers</a><br>
	383	Programming: <a href='postscript-driver.html' target='_top'>Developing PostScript Printer Drivers</a><br>
	384	Programming: <a href='api-filter.html' target='_top'>Filter and Backend Programming</a><br>
	385	Programming: <a href='ppd-compiler.html' target='_top'>Introduction to the PPD Compiler</a><br>
5a738aea	386	Programming: <a href='api-array.html' target='_top'>Array API</a><br>
e4572d57	387	Programming: <a href='api-cups.html' target='_top'>CUPS API</a><br>
5a738aea	388	Programming: <a href='api-filedir.html' target='_top'>File and Directory APIs</a><br>
5a738aea MS	389	Programming: <a href='api-httpipp.html' target='_top'>HTTP and IPP APIs</a><br>
5a738aea MS	390	Programming: <a href='api-ppd.html' target='_top'>PPD API</a><br>
e4572d57 MS	391	Programming: <a href='api-raster.html' target='_top'>Raster API</a><br>
	392	References: <a href='ref-ppdcfile.html' target='_top'>PPD Compiler Driver Information File Reference</a><br>
	393	Specifications: <a href='spec-ppd.html' target='_top'>CUPS PPD Extensions</a></td>
5a738aea MS	394	</tr>
	395	</tbody>
	396	</table></div>
	397	<h2 class="title">Contents</h2>
	398	<ul class="contents">
5a738aea MS	399	<li><a href="#OVERVIEW">Overview</a></li>
5a738aea MS	400	<li><a href="#COMPILING">Compiling Programs</a><ul class="subcontents">
0268488e MS	401	<li><a href="#XCODE">Compiling with Xcode</a></li>
0268488e MS	402	<li><a href="#COMMANDLINE">Compiling with GCC</a></li>
8b450588	403	</ul></li>
5a738aea	404	<li><a href="#WHERETOGO">Where to Go Next</a></li>
0268488e	405	</ul>
5a738aea	406	<!--
68b10830	407	"$Id$"
5a738aea MS	408
	409	Introduction to CUPS programming content for the Common UNIX Printing System
	410	(CUPS).
	411
	412	Copyright 2008 by Apple Inc.
	413
	414	These coded instructions, statements, and computer programs are the
	415	property of Apple Inc. and are protected by Federal copyright
	416	law. Distribution and use rights are outlined in the file "LICENSE.txt"
	417	which should have been included with this file. If this file is
	418	file is missing or damaged, see the license at "http://www.cups.org/".
	419	-->
	420
	421	<h2 class="title"><a name="OVERVIEW">Overview</a></h2>
	422
	423	<p>CUPS provides two libraries that interface with the different parts of the
	424	printing system. The "cups" library provides all of the common application and
	425	filter functions while the "cupsimage" library provides all of the imaging
	426	functions used in raster printer drivers. The "cups" library functions are
	427	accessed by including the <var><cups/cups.h></var> header, while
	428	"cupsimage" functions are found in the <var><cups/raster.h></var>
	429	header.</p>
	430
	431	<h2 class="title"><a name="COMPILING">Compiling Programs</a></h2>
	432
	433	<p>The CUPS libraries can be used from any C, C++, or Objective C program.
	434	The method of compiling against the libraries varies depending on the
	435	operating system and installation of CUPS. The following sections show how
	436	to compile a simple program (shown below) in two common environments.</p>
	437
	438	<p>The following simple program lists the available printers on the system:</p>
	439
	440	<pre class="example">
	441	#include <stdio.h>
	442	#include <cups/cups.h>
	443
	444	int main(void)
	445	{
	446	int i;
	447	cups_dest_t dests, dest;
	448	int num_dests = cupsGetDests(&dests);
	449
	450	for (i = num_dests, dest = dests; i > 0; i --, dest ++)
	451	{
	452	if (dest->instance)
	453	printf("%s/%s\n", dest->name, dest->instance);
	454	else
	455	puts(dest->name);
	456	}
	457
	458	return (0);
	459	}
	460	</pre>
	461
	462	<h3><a name="XCODE">Compiling with Xcode</a></h3>
	463
	464	<p>In Xcode, choose <var>New Project...</var> from the <var>File</var> menu,
	465	then select the <var>Standard Tool</var> project type under <var>Command Line
	466	Utility</var>. Click <var>Next</var> and choose a project directory. Click
	467	<var>Next</var> to create the project.</p>
	468
	469	<p>In the project window, double-click on the <var>Targets</var> group and
	470	control-click on the simple target to show the context menu. Choose
	471	<var>Existing Framework...</var> from the <var>Add</var> submenu. When the file
472	chooser sheet appears, press the <kbd>/</kbd> key and enter "/usr/lib". Scroll
473	down the file list and select the <var>libcups.dylib</var> file. Click the
474	<var>Add</var> button in the file chooser and attributes sheets.</p>
475
476	<p>In the project window, double-click on the <var>main.c</var> source file.
477	Replace the template source code with the listing above and save it. Click the
478	<var>Build and Go</var> button to build the sample program and run it.</p>
479
480	<h3><a name="COMMANDLINE">Compiling with GCC</a></h3>
481
482	<p>From the command-line, create a file called <var>sample.c</var> using your
483	favorite editor and then run the following command to compile it with GCC and
484	run it:</p>
485
486	<pre class="command">
487	gcc -o simple `cups-config --cflags` simple.c `cups-config --libs`
488	./simple
489	</pre>
490
491	<p>The <code>cups-config</code> command provides the compiler flags
492	("cups-config --cflags") and libraries ("cups-config --libs") needed for the
493	local system.</p>
494
495	<h2 class="title"><a name="WHERETOGO">Where to Go Next</a></h2>
496
497	<p>If you are developing a print filter, driver, or backend, see the
498	<a href="api-filter.html" target="_top">Filter and Backend Programming</a>
499	guide. Raster printer driver developers should also read the
500	<a href="api-raster.html" target="_top">Raster API</a> reference.</p>
501	</div>
502	</body>
503	</html>