]> git.ipfire.org Git - thirdparty/cups.git/blobdiff - backend/usb-darwin.c
Merge pull request #5621 from zdohnal/cgigetarray-sigsegv
[thirdparty/cups.git] / backend / usb-darwin.c
index a71d836f5cb801b103a036e628bf43e4ae0beb15..1c412da6f572144d7979329675864501dc1b6a87 100644 (file)
@@ -1,76 +1,44 @@
 /*
-* "$Id: usb-darwin.c 6993 2007-09-28 18:05:28Z mike $"
-*
-* Copyright � 2005-2007 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
-*
-* IMPORTANT:  This Apple software is supplied to you by Apple Computer,
-* Inc. ("Apple") in consideration of your agreement to the following
-* terms, and your use, installation, modification or redistribution of
-* this Apple software constitutes acceptance of these terms.  If you do
-* not agree with these terms, please do not use, install, modify or
-* redistribute this Apple software.
-*
-* In consideration of your agreement to abide by the following terms, and
-* subject to these terms, Apple grants you a personal, non-exclusive
-* license, under Apple's copyrights in this original Apple software (the
-* "Apple Software"), to use, reproduce, modify and redistribute the Apple
-* Software, with or without modifications, in source and/or binary forms;
-* provided that if you redistribute the Apple Software in its entirety and
-* without modifications, you must retain this notice and the following
-* text and disclaimers in all such redistributions of the Apple Software.
-* Neither the name, trademarks, service marks or logos of Apple Computer,
-* Inc. may be used to endorse or promote products derived from the Apple
-* Software without specific prior written permission from Apple.  Except
-* as expressly stated in this notice, no other rights or licenses, express
-* or implied, are granted by Apple herein, including but not limited to
-* any patent rights that may be infringed by your derivative works or by
-* other works in which the Apple Software may be incorporated.
-*
-* The Apple Software is provided by Apple on an "AS IS" basis.  APPLE
-* MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION
-* THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
-* FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, REGARDING THE APPLE SOFTWARE OR ITS USE AND
-* OPERATION ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH YOUR PRODUCTS.
-*
-* IN NO EVENT SHALL APPLE BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL
-* OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
-* SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
-* INTERRUPTION) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE, REPRODUCTION,
-* MODIFICATION AND/OR DISTRIBUTION OF THE APPLE SOFTWARE, HOWEVER CAUSED
-* AND WHETHER UNDER THEORY OF CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE),
-* STRICT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE, EVEN IF APPLE HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
-* POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-*
-* Contents:
-*
-*  list_devices()      - List all USB devices.
-*  print_device()      - Print a file to a USB device.
-*  sidechannel_thread() - Thread to handle side-channel requests.
-*  read_thread()       - Thread to read the backchannel data on.
-*  list_device_cb()    - list_device iterator callback.
-*  find_device_cb()    - print_device iterator callback.
-*  status_timer_cb()   - Status timer callback.
-*  iterate_printers()  - Iterate over all the printers.
-*  device_added()      - Device added notifier.
-*  copy_deviceinfo()   - Copy strings from the 1284 device ID.
-*  release_deviceinfo()        - Release deviceinfo strings.
-*  load_classdriver()  - Load a classdriver.
-*  unload_classdriver()        - Unload a classdriver.
-*  load_printerdriver()        - Load vendor's classdriver.
-*  registry_open()     - Open a connection to the printer.
-*  registry_close()    - Close the connection to the printer.
-*  copy_deviceid()     - Copy the 1284 device id string.
-*  copy_devicestring() - Copy the 1284 device id string.
-*  copy_value_for_key()        - Copy value string associated with a key.
-*  cfstr_create_trim() - Create CFString and trim whitespace characters.
-*  parse_options()     - Parse uri options.
-*  setup_cfLanguage()  - Create AppleLanguages array from LANG environment var.
-*  run_ppc_backend()   - Re-exec i386 backend as ppc.
-*  sigterm_handler()   - SIGTERM handler.
-*  next_line()         - Find the next line in a buffer.
-*  parse_pserror()     - Scan the backchannel data for postscript errors.
-*  get_device_id()     - Return IEEE-1284 device ID.
-*/
+ * Copyright 2005-2016 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * IMPORTANT:  This Apple software is supplied to you by Apple Computer,
+ * Inc. ("Apple") in consideration of your agreement to the following
+ * terms, and your use, installation, modification or redistribution of
+ * this Apple software constitutes acceptance of these terms.  If you do
+ * not agree with these terms, please do not use, install, modify or
+ * redistribute this Apple software.
+ *
+ * In consideration of your agreement to abide by the following terms, and
+ * subject to these terms, Apple grants you a personal, non-exclusive
+ * license, under Apple's copyrights in this original Apple software (the
+ * "Apple Software"), to use, reproduce, modify and redistribute the Apple
+ * Software, with or without modifications, in source and/or binary forms;
+ * provided that if you redistribute the Apple Software in its entirety and
+ * without modifications, you must retain this notice and the following
+ * text and disclaimers in all such redistributions of the Apple Software.
+ * Neither the name, trademarks, service marks or logos of Apple Computer,
+ * Inc. may be used to endorse or promote products derived from the Apple
+ * Software without specific prior written permission from Apple.  Except
+ * as expressly stated in this notice, no other rights or licenses, express
+ * or implied, are granted by Apple herein, including but not limited to
+ * any patent rights that may be infringed by your derivative works or by
+ * other works in which the Apple Software may be incorporated.
+ *
+ * The Apple Software is provided by Apple on an "AS IS" basis.  APPLE
+ * MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION
+ * THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
+ * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, REGARDING THE APPLE SOFTWARE OR ITS USE AND
+ * OPERATION ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH YOUR PRODUCTS.
+ *
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL APPLE BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL
+ * OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+ * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+ * INTERRUPTION) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE, REPRODUCTION,
+ * MODIFICATION AND/OR DISTRIBUTION OF THE APPLE SOFTWARE, HOWEVER CAUSED
+ * AND WHETHER UNDER THEORY OF CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE),
+ * STRICT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE, EVEN IF APPLE HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
+ * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
 
 /*
  * Include necessary headers.
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <termios.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
 #include <libgen.h>
 #include <mach/mach.h>
 #include <mach/mach_error.h>
 #include <mach/mach_time.h>
-#include <cups/debug.h>
+#include <cups/debug-private.h>
+#include <cups/file-private.h>
 #include <cups/sidechannel.h>
-#include <cups/i18n.h>
-
+#include <cups/language-private.h>
+#include <cups/ppd-private.h>
+#include "backend-private.h"
 #include <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>
 #include <IOKit/usb/IOUSBLib.h>
 #include <IOKit/IOCFPlugIn.h>
-
+#include <libproc.h>
+#include <asl.h>
+#include <spawn.h>
 #include <pthread.h>
 
+/*
+ * Include necessary headers.
+ */
+
+extern char **environ;
+
+
+/*
+ * DEBUG_WRITES, if defined, causes the backend to write data to the printer in
+ * 512 byte increments, up to 8192 bytes, to make debugging with a USB bus
+ * analyzer easier.
+ */
+
+#define DEBUG_WRITES 0
 
 /*
  * WAIT_EOF_DELAY is number of seconds we'll wait for responses from
 #define WAIT_SIDE_DELAY                        3
 #define DEFAULT_TIMEOUT                        5000L
 
-#define        USB_INTERFACE_KIND              CFUUIDGetUUIDBytes(kIOUSBInterfaceInterfaceID190)
+#define        USB_INTERFACE_KIND              CFUUIDGetUUIDBytes(kIOUSBInterfaceInterfaceID245)
 #define kUSBLanguageEnglish            0x409
 
 #define PRINTER_POLLING_INTERVAL       5                       /* seconds */
 
 #define kUSBClassDriverProperty                CFSTR("USB Printing Class")
 
-#define kUSBGenericTOPrinterClassDriver        CFSTR("/System/Library/Printers/Libraries/USBGenericTOPrintingClass.plugin")
+#define kUSBGenericTOPrinterClassDriver        CFSTR("/System/Library/Printers/Libraries/USBGenericPrintingClass.plugin")
 #define kUSBPrinterClassDeviceNotOpen  -9664   /*kPMInvalidIOMContext*/
 
+#define CRSetCrashLogMessage(m) _crc_make_setter(message, m)
+#define _crc_make_setter(attr, arg) (gCRAnnotations.attr = (uint64_t)(unsigned long)(arg))
+#define CRASH_REPORTER_CLIENT_HIDDEN __attribute__((visibility("hidden")))
+#define CRASHREPORTER_ANNOTATIONS_VERSION 4
+#define CRASHREPORTER_ANNOTATIONS_SECTION "__crash_info"
+
+struct crashreporter_annotations_t {
+       uint64_t version;               // unsigned long
+       uint64_t message;               // char *
+       uint64_t signature_string;      // char *
+       uint64_t backtrace;             // char *
+       uint64_t message2;              // char *
+       uint64_t thread;                // uint64_t
+       uint64_t dialog_mode;           // unsigned int
+};
+
+CRASH_REPORTER_CLIENT_HIDDEN
+struct crashreporter_annotations_t gCRAnnotations
+       __attribute__((section("__DATA," CRASHREPORTER_ANNOTATIONS_SECTION)))
+       = { CRASHREPORTER_ANNOTATIONS_VERSION, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
 
 /*
  * Section 5.3 USB Printing Class spec
 #define kUSBPrintingProtocolNoOpen             0
 #define kUSBPrintingProtocolUnidirectional     1
 #define kUSBPrintingProtocolBidirectional      2
+#define kUSBPrintingProtocolIPP                        4
 
-typedef IOUSBInterfaceInterface190     **printer_interface_t;
+typedef IOUSBInterfaceInterface245     **printer_interface_t;
 
 typedef struct iodevice_request_s      /**** Device request ****/
 {
@@ -167,7 +175,7 @@ typedef struct classdriver_s                /**** g.classdriver context ****/
   UInt16               vendorID;               /* Vendor id */
   UInt16               productID;              /* Product id */
   printer_interface_t  interface;              /* identify the device to IOKit */
-  UInt8                        outpipe;                /* mandatory bulkOut pipe */
+  UInt8                        outpipe;                /* mandatory bulkOut pipe */
   UInt8                        inpipe;                 /* optional bulkIn pipe */
 
   /* general class requests */
@@ -194,7 +202,7 @@ typedef struct classdriver_s                /**** g.classdriver context ****/
 
 } classdriver_t;
 
-typedef Boolean (*iterator_callback_t)(void *refcon, io_service_t obj);
+typedef Boolean (*iterator_callback_t)(io_service_t obj, printer_interface_t printerIntf, void *refcon);
 
 typedef struct iterator_reference_s    /**** Iterator reference data */
 {
@@ -222,12 +230,18 @@ typedef struct globals_s
   CFStringRef          serial;
   UInt32               location;
   UInt8                        interfaceNum;
+  UInt8                        alternateSetting;
+  UInt8                 interfaceProtocol;
 
   CFRunLoopTimerRef    status_timer;
 
   int                  print_fd;       /* File descriptor to print */
   ssize_t              print_bytes;    /* Print bytes read */
+#if DEBUG_WRITES
+  ssize_t              debug_bytes;    /* Current bytes to read */
+#endif /* DEBUG_WRITES */
 
+  Boolean              use_generic_class_driver;
   Boolean              wait_eof;
   int                  drain_output;   /* Drain all pending output */
   int                  bidi_flag;      /* 0=unidirectional, 1=bidirectional */
@@ -244,46 +258,56 @@ typedef struct globals_s
  */
 
 globals_t g = { 0 };                   /* Globals */
+int Iterating = 0;                     /* Are we iterating the bus? */
 
 
 /*
  * Local functions...
  */
 
-static Boolean find_device_cb(void *refcon, io_service_t obj);
-static Boolean list_device_cb(void *refcon, io_service_t obj);
+static Boolean list_device_cb(io_service_t obj, printer_interface_t printerIntf, void *refcon);
+static Boolean find_device_cb(io_service_t obj, printer_interface_t printerIntf, void *refcon);
+
 static CFStringRef cfstr_create_trim(const char *cstr);
 static CFStringRef copy_value_for_key(CFStringRef deviceID, CFStringRef *keys);
-static kern_return_t load_classdriver(CFStringRef driverPath, printer_interface_t intf, classdriver_t ***printerDriver);
+static kern_return_t load_classdriver(CFStringRef driverPath, printer_interface_t interface, classdriver_t ***printerDriver);
 static kern_return_t load_printerdriver(CFStringRef *driverBundlePath);
-static kern_return_t registry_close();
+static kern_return_t registry_close(void);
 static kern_return_t registry_open(CFStringRef *driverBundlePath);
-static kern_return_t unload_classdriver();
-static OSStatus copy_deviceid(classdriver_t **printer, CFStringRef *deviceID);
+static kern_return_t unload_classdriver(classdriver_t ***classdriver);
+
 static void *read_thread(void *reference);
 static void *sidechannel_thread(void *reference);
-static void copy_deviceinfo(CFStringRef deviceIDString, CFStringRef *make, CFStringRef *model, CFStringRef *serial);
-static void copy_devicestring(io_service_t usbInterface, CFStringRef *deviceID, UInt32 *deviceLocation, UInt8 *interfaceNum);
 static void device_added(void *userdata, io_iterator_t iterator);
 static void get_device_id(cups_sc_status_t *status, char *data, int *datalen);
 static void iterate_printers(iterator_callback_t callBack, void *userdata);
 static void parse_options(char *options, char *serial, int serial_size, UInt32 *location, Boolean *wait_eof);
-static void release_deviceinfo(CFStringRef *make, CFStringRef *model, CFStringRef *serial);
 static void setup_cfLanguage(void);
-static void soft_reset();
+static void soft_reset(void);
 static void status_timer_cb(CFRunLoopTimerRef timer, void *info);
+#define IS_64BIT 1
+#define IS_NOT_64BIT 0
 
-#if defined(__i386__)
-static pid_t   child_pid;                                      /* Child PID */
-static void run_ppc_backend(int argc, char *argv[], int fd);   /* Starts child backend process running as a ppc executable */
-static void sigterm_handler(int sig);                          /* SIGTERM handler */
-#endif /* __i386__ */
+#if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
+static pid_t   child_pid;              /* Child PID */
+static void run_legacy_backend(int argc, char *argv[], int fd) _CUPS_NORETURN; /* Starts child backend process running as a ppc executable */
+#endif /* __i386__ || __x86_64__ */
+static void sigterm_handler(int sig);  /* SIGTERM handler */
+static void sigquit_handler(int sig, siginfo_t *si, void *unused) _CUPS_NORETURN;
 
 #ifdef PARSE_PS_ERRORS
 static const char *next_line (const char *buffer);
 static void parse_pserror (char *sockBuffer, int len);
 #endif /* PARSE_PS_ERRORS */
 
+static printer_interface_t usb_printer_interface_interface(io_service_t usbClass);
+
+static CFStringRef copy_printer_interface_deviceid(printer_interface_t printer, UInt8 alternateSetting);
+static CFStringRef copy_printer_interface_indexed_description(printer_interface_t  printer, UInt8 index, UInt16 language);
+static CFStringRef deviceIDCopyManufacturer(CFStringRef deviceID);
+static CFStringRef deviceIDCopyModel(CFStringRef deviceID);
+static CFStringRef deviceIDCopySerialNumber(CFStringRef deviceID);
+
 #pragma mark -
 
 /*
@@ -312,9 +336,11 @@ print_device(const char *uri,              /* I - Device URI */
 {
   char           serial[1024];         /* Serial number buffer */
   OSStatus       status;               /* Function results */
+  IOReturn       iostatus;             /* Current IO status */
   pthread_t      read_thread_id,       /* Read thread */
                  sidechannel_thread_id;/* Side-channel thread */
-  int            sidechannel_started = 0;/* Was the side-channel thread started? */
+  int            have_sidechannel = 0; /* Was the side-channel thread started? */
+  struct stat     sidechannel_info;    /* Side-channel file descriptor info */
   char           print_buffer[8192],   /* Print data buffer */
                  *print_ptr;           /* Pointer into print data buffer */
   UInt32         location;             /* Unique location in bus topology */
@@ -325,9 +351,32 @@ print_device(const char *uri,              /* I - Device URI */
   ssize_t        total_bytes;          /* Total bytes written */
   UInt32         bytes;                /* Bytes written */
   struct timeval  *timeout,            /* Timeout pointer */
-                 stimeout;             /* Timeout for select() */
+                 tv;                   /* Time value */
   struct timespec cond_timeout;                /* pthread condition timeout */
+  struct sigaction action;             /* Actions for POSIX signals */
+
+
+  (void)uri;
+
+ /*
+  * Catch SIGQUIT to determine who is sending it...
+  */
 
+  memset(&action, 0, sizeof(action));
+  action.sa_sigaction = sigquit_handler;
+  action.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO;
+  sigaction(SIGQUIT, &action, NULL);
+
+ /*
+  * See if the side-channel descriptor is valid...
+  */
+
+  have_sidechannel = !fstat(CUPS_SC_FD, &sidechannel_info) &&
+                     S_ISSOCK(sidechannel_info.st_mode);
+
+ /*
+  * Localize using CoreFoundation...
+  */
 
   setup_cfLanguage();
 
@@ -344,9 +393,16 @@ print_device(const char *uri,              /* I - Device URI */
 
   if (!g.make || !g.model)
   {
-    _cupsLangPrintf(stderr, 
-                   _("ERROR: Unable to create make and model strings\n"));
-    return CUPS_BACKEND_STOP;
+    fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: Fatal USB error.\n");
+    _cupsLangPrintFilter(stderr, "ERROR",
+                         _("There was an unrecoverable USB error."));
+
+    if (!g.make)
+      fputs("DEBUG: USB make string is NULL\n", stderr);
+    if (!g.model)
+      fputs("DEBUG: USB model string is NULL\n", stderr);
+
+    return (CUPS_BACKEND_STOP);
   }
 
   fputs("STATE: +connecting-to-device\n", stderr);
@@ -362,10 +418,17 @@ print_device(const char *uri,             /* I - Device URI */
       g.printer_obj = 0x0;
       g.classdriver = 0x0;
     }
-
     fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: Looking for '%s %s'\n", hostname, resource);
 
-    iterate_printers(find_device_cb, NULL);
+    do
+    {
+      iterate_printers(find_device_cb, NULL);
+      if (g.printer_obj != 0x0)
+        break;
+
+      _cupsLangPrintFilter(stderr, "INFO", _("Waiting for printer to become available."));
+      sleep(5);
+    } while (true);
 
     fputs("DEBUG: Opening connection\n", stderr);
 
@@ -373,17 +436,18 @@ print_device(const char *uri,             /* I - Device URI */
 
     status = registry_open(&driverBundlePath);
 
-#if defined(__i386__)
+#if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
     /*
-     * If we were unable to load the class drivers for this printer it's probably because they're ppc-only.
-     * In this case try to fork & exec this backend as a ppc executable so we can use them...
+     * If we were unable to load the class drivers for this printer it's
+     * probably because they're ppc or i386. In this case try to run this
+     * backend as i386 or ppc executables so we can use them...
      */
     if (status == -2)
     {
-      run_ppc_backend(argc, argv, print_fd);
+      run_legacy_backend(argc, argv, print_fd);
       /* Never returns here */
     }
-#endif /* __i386__ */
+#endif /* __i386__ || __x86_64__ */
 
     if (status ==  -2)
     {
@@ -396,12 +460,14 @@ print_device(const char *uri,             /* I - Device URI */
         strlcpy(print_buffer, "USB class driver", sizeof(print_buffer));
 
       fputs("STATE: +apple-missing-usbclassdriver-error\n", stderr);
-      _cupsLangPrintf(stderr, _("FATAL: Could not load %s\n"), print_buffer);
+      _cupsLangPrintFilter(stderr, "ERROR",
+                          _("There was an unrecoverable USB error."));
+      fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: Could not load %s\n", print_buffer);
 
       if (driverBundlePath)
        CFRelease(driverBundlePath);
 
-      return CUPS_BACKEND_STOP;
+      return (CUPS_BACKEND_STOP);
     }
 
     if (driverBundlePath)
@@ -413,8 +479,9 @@ print_device(const char *uri,               /* I - Device URI */
       countdown -= PRINTER_POLLING_INTERVAL;
       if (countdown <= 0)
       {
-       _cupsLangPrintf(stderr, _("INFO: Printer busy (status:0x%08x)\n"),
-                       (int)status);
+       _cupsLangPrintFilter(stderr, "INFO",
+                            _("Waiting for printer to become available."));
+       fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: USB printer status: 0x%08x\n", (int)status);
        countdown = SUBSEQUENT_LOG_INTERVAL;    /* subsequent log entries, every 15 seconds */
       }
     }
@@ -431,9 +498,6 @@ print_device(const char *uri,               /* I - Device URI */
 
   if (!print_fd)
   {
-    struct sigaction   action;         /* POSIX signal action */
-
-
     memset(&action, 0, sizeof(action));
 
     sigemptyset(&action.sa_mask);
@@ -442,21 +506,14 @@ print_device(const char *uri,             /* I - Device URI */
   }
 
  /*
-  * Start the side channel thread only if the descriptor is valid
-  * (i.e. it's not when the backend is used for auto-setup)...
+  * Start the side channel thread if the descriptor is valid...
   */
 
   pthread_mutex_init(&g.readwrite_lock_mutex, NULL);
   pthread_cond_init(&g.readwrite_lock_cond, NULL);
   g.readwrite_lock = 1;
 
-  FD_ZERO(&input_set);
-  FD_SET(CUPS_SC_FD, &input_set);
-
-  stimeout.tv_sec  = 0;
-  stimeout.tv_usec = 0;
-
-  if ((select(CUPS_SC_FD+1, &input_set, NULL, NULL, &stimeout)) >= 0)
+  if (have_sidechannel)
   {
     g.sidechannel_thread_stop = 0;
     g.sidechannel_thread_done = 0;
@@ -466,11 +523,13 @@ print_device(const char *uri,             /* I - Device URI */
 
     if (pthread_create(&sidechannel_thread_id, NULL, sidechannel_thread, NULL))
     {
-      _cupsLangPuts(stderr, _("WARNING: Couldn't create side channel\n"));
-      return CUPS_BACKEND_STOP;
+      fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: Fatal USB error.\n");
+      _cupsLangPrintFilter(stderr, "ERROR",
+                          _("There was an unrecoverable USB error."));
+      fputs("DEBUG: Couldn't create side-channel thread\n", stderr);
+      registry_close();
+      return (CUPS_BACKEND_STOP);
     }
-
-    sidechannel_started = 1;
   }
 
  /*
@@ -485,8 +544,12 @@ print_device(const char *uri,              /* I - Device URI */
 
   if (pthread_create(&read_thread_id, NULL, read_thread, NULL))
   {
-    _cupsLangPuts(stderr, _("WARNING: Couldn't create read channel\n"));
-    return CUPS_BACKEND_STOP;
+    fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: Fatal USB error.\n");
+    _cupsLangPrintFilter(stderr, "ERROR",
+                         _("There was an unrecoverable USB error."));
+    fputs("DEBUG: Couldn't create read thread\n", stderr);
+    registry_close();
+    return (CUPS_BACKEND_STOP);
   }
 
  /*
@@ -500,11 +563,11 @@ print_device(const char *uri,             /* I - Device URI */
 
   while (status == noErr && copies-- > 0)
   {
-    _cupsLangPuts(stderr, _("INFO: Sending data\n"));
+    _cupsLangPrintFilter(stderr, "INFO", _("Sending data to printer."));
 
     if (print_fd != STDIN_FILENO)
     {
-      fputs("PAGE: 1 1", stderr);
+      fputs("PAGE: 1 1\n", stderr);
       lseek(print_fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
     }
 
@@ -524,15 +587,15 @@ print_device(const char *uri,             /* I - Device URI */
 
       if (g.print_bytes)
       {
-       stimeout.tv_sec  = 0;
-       stimeout.tv_usec = 100000;              /* 100ms */
-       timeout = &stimeout;
+       tv.tv_sec  = 0;
+       tv.tv_usec = 100000;            /* 100ms */
+       timeout = &tv;
       }
       else if (g.drain_output)
       {
-       stimeout.tv_sec  = 0;
-       stimeout.tv_usec = 0;
-       timeout = &stimeout;
+       tv.tv_sec  = 0;
+       tv.tv_usec = 0;
+       timeout = &tv;
       }
       else
        timeout = NULL;
@@ -563,13 +626,17 @@ print_device(const char *uri,             /* I - Device URI */
        if (errno == EINTR && total_bytes == 0)
        {
          fputs("DEBUG: Received an interrupt before any bytes were "
-               "written, aborting!\n", stderr);
-          return (0);
+               "written, aborting\n", stderr);
+          registry_close();
+          return (CUPS_BACKEND_OK);
        }
-       else if (errno != EAGAIN)
+       else if (errno != EAGAIN && errno != EINTR)
        {
-        _cupsLangPrintf(stderr, _("ERROR: select() returned %d\n"), (int)errno);
-        return CUPS_BACKEND_STOP;
+         _cupsLangPrintFilter(stderr, "ERROR",
+                              _("Unable to read print data."));
+         perror("DEBUG: select");
+         registry_close();
+          return (CUPS_BACKEND_FAILED);
        }
       }
 
@@ -590,7 +657,16 @@ print_device(const char *uri,              /* I - Device URI */
 
       if (FD_ISSET(print_fd, &input_set))
       {
+#if DEBUG_WRITES
+       g.debug_bytes += 512;
+        if (g.debug_bytes > sizeof(print_buffer))
+         g.debug_bytes = 512;
+
+       g.print_bytes = read(print_fd, print_buffer, g.debug_bytes);
+
+#else
        g.print_bytes = read(print_fd, print_buffer, sizeof(print_buffer));
+#endif /* DEBUG_WRITES */
 
        if (g.print_bytes < 0)
        {
@@ -598,10 +674,13 @@ print_device(const char *uri,             /* I - Device URI */
          * Read error - bail if we don't see EAGAIN or EINTR...
          */
 
-         if (errno != EAGAIN || errno != EINTR)
+         if (errno != EAGAIN && errno != EINTR)
          {
-           perror("ERROR: Unable to read print data");
-           return CUPS_BACKEND_STOP;
+           _cupsLangPrintFilter(stderr, "ERROR",
+                                _("Unable to read print data."));
+           perror("DEBUG: read");
+           registry_close();
+           return (CUPS_BACKEND_FAILED);
          }
 
          g.print_bytes = 0;
@@ -623,38 +702,78 @@ print_device(const char *uri,             /* I - Device URI */
 
       if (g.print_bytes)
       {
-       bytes = g.print_bytes;
+       bytes    = (UInt32)g.print_bytes;
+       iostatus = (*g.classdriver)->WritePipe(g.classdriver, (UInt8*)print_ptr, &bytes, 0);
+
+       /*
+       * Ignore timeout errors, but retain the number of bytes written to
+       * avoid sending duplicate data...
+       */
 
-       status = (*g.classdriver)->WritePipe(g.classdriver, (UInt8*)print_ptr, &bytes, 0);
+       if (iostatus == kIOUSBTransactionTimeout)
+       {
+         fputs("DEBUG: Got USB transaction timeout during write\n", stderr);
+         iostatus = 0;
+       }
 
        /*
-       * Ignore timeout errors...
+        * If we've stalled, retry the write...
        */
 
-       if (status == kIOUSBTransactionTimeout)
+       else if (iostatus == kIOUSBPipeStalled)
        {
-         status = 0;
-         bytes = 0;
+         fputs("DEBUG: Got USB pipe stalled during write\n", stderr);
+
+         bytes    = (UInt32)g.print_bytes;
+         iostatus = (*g.classdriver)->WritePipe(g.classdriver, (UInt8*)print_ptr, &bytes, 0);
        }
 
-       if (status || bytes < 0)
+       /*
+       * Retry a write after an aborted write since we probably just got
+       * SIGTERM...
+       */
+
+       else if (iostatus == kIOReturnAborted)
+       {
+         fputs("DEBUG: Got USB return aborted during write\n", stderr);
+
+         IOReturn err = (*g.classdriver)->Abort(g.classdriver);
+         fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: USB class driver Abort returned %x\n", err);
+
+#if DEBUG_WRITES
+          sleep(5);
+#endif /* DEBUG_WRITES */
+
+         bytes    = (UInt32)g.print_bytes;
+         iostatus = (*g.classdriver)->WritePipe(g.classdriver, (UInt8*)print_ptr, &bytes, 0);
+        }
+
+       if (iostatus)
        {
         /*
          * Write error - bail if we don't see an error we can retry...
          */
 
-         OSStatus err = (*g.classdriver)->Abort(g.classdriver);
-         _cupsLangPrintf(stderr, _("ERROR: %ld: (canceled:%ld)\n"),
-                         (long)status, (long)err);
-         status = CUPS_BACKEND_STOP;
+         _cupsLangPrintFilter(stderr, "ERROR",
+                              _("Unable to send data to printer."));
+         fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: USB class driver WritePipe returned %x\n",
+                 iostatus);
+
+         IOReturn err = (*g.classdriver)->Abort(g.classdriver);
+         fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: USB class driver Abort returned %x\n",
+                 err);
+
+         status = CUPS_BACKEND_FAILED;
          break;
        }
+       else if (bytes > 0)
+       {
+         fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: Wrote %d bytes of print data...\n", (int)bytes);
 
-        fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: Wrote %d bytes of print data...\n", (int)bytes);
-
-        g.print_bytes -= bytes;
-       print_ptr   += bytes;
-       total_bytes += bytes;
+         g.print_bytes -= bytes;
+         print_ptr   += bytes;
+         total_bytes += bytes;
+       }
       }
 
       if (print_fd != 0 && status == noErr)
@@ -664,12 +783,13 @@ print_device(const char *uri,             /* I - Device URI */
   }
 
   fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: Sent %lld bytes...\n", (off_t)total_bytes);
+  fputs("STATE: +cups-waiting-for-job-completed\n", stderr);
 
  /*
-  * Wait for the side channel thread to exit...
+  * Signal the side channel thread to exit...
   */
 
-  if (sidechannel_started)
+  if (have_sidechannel)
   {
     close(CUPS_SC_FD);
     pthread_mutex_lock(&g.readwrite_lock_mutex);
@@ -679,70 +799,75 @@ print_device(const char *uri,             /* I - Device URI */
 
     g.sidechannel_thread_stop = 1;
     pthread_mutex_lock(&g.sidechannel_thread_mutex);
+
     if (!g.sidechannel_thread_done)
     {
-     /*
-      * Wait for the side-channel thread to exit...
-      */
+      gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
+      cond_timeout.tv_sec  = tv.tv_sec + WAIT_SIDE_DELAY;
+      cond_timeout.tv_nsec = tv.tv_usec * 1000;
 
-      cond_timeout.tv_sec  = time(NULL) + WAIT_SIDE_DELAY;
-      cond_timeout.tv_nsec = 0;
-      if (pthread_cond_timedwait(&g.sidechannel_thread_cond,
-                                &g.sidechannel_thread_mutex,
-                                &cond_timeout) != 0)
+      while (!g.sidechannel_thread_done)
       {
-       /*
-       * Force the side-channel thread to exit...
-       */
-
-       pthread_kill(sidechannel_thread_id, SIGTERM);
+       if (pthread_cond_timedwait(&g.sidechannel_thread_cond,
+                                  &g.sidechannel_thread_mutex,
+                                  &cond_timeout) != 0)
+         break;
       }
     }
-    pthread_mutex_unlock(&g.sidechannel_thread_mutex);
-
-    pthread_join(sidechannel_thread_id, NULL);
 
-    pthread_cond_destroy(&g.sidechannel_thread_cond);
-    pthread_mutex_destroy(&g.sidechannel_thread_mutex);
+    pthread_mutex_unlock(&g.sidechannel_thread_mutex);
   }
 
-  pthread_cond_destroy(&g.readwrite_lock_cond);
-  pthread_mutex_destroy(&g.readwrite_lock_mutex);
-
  /*
-  * Signal the read thread to stop...
+  * Signal the read thread to exit then wait 7 seconds for it to complete...
   */
 
   g.read_thread_stop = 1;
 
- /*
-  * Give the read thread WAIT_EOF_DELAY seconds to complete all the data. If
-  * we are not signaled in that time then force the thread to exit.
-  */
-
   pthread_mutex_lock(&g.read_thread_mutex);
 
   if (!g.read_thread_done)
   {
-    cond_timeout.tv_sec = time(NULL) + WAIT_EOF_DELAY;
-    cond_timeout.tv_nsec = 0;
+    fputs("DEBUG: Waiting for read thread to exit...\n", stderr);
+
+    gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
+    cond_timeout.tv_sec  = tv.tv_sec + WAIT_EOF_DELAY;
+    cond_timeout.tv_nsec = tv.tv_usec * 1000;
 
-    if (pthread_cond_timedwait(&g.read_thread_cond, &g.read_thread_mutex,
-                               &cond_timeout) != 0)
+    while (!g.read_thread_done)
     {
-     /*
-      * Force the read thread to exit...
-      */
+      if (pthread_cond_timedwait(&g.read_thread_cond, &g.read_thread_mutex,
+                                &cond_timeout) != 0)
+       break;
+    }
 
-      pthread_kill(read_thread_id, SIGTERM);
+   /*
+    * If it didn't exit abort the pending read and wait an additional second...
+    */
+
+    if (!g.read_thread_done)
+    {
+      fputs("DEBUG: Read thread still active, aborting the pending read...\n",
+           stderr);
+
+      g.wait_eof = 0;
+
+      (*g.classdriver)->Abort(g.classdriver);
+
+      gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
+      cond_timeout.tv_sec  = tv.tv_sec + 1;
+      cond_timeout.tv_nsec = tv.tv_usec * 1000;
+
+      while (!g.read_thread_done)
+      {
+       if (pthread_cond_timedwait(&g.read_thread_cond, &g.read_thread_mutex,
+                                  &cond_timeout) != 0)
+         break;
+      }
     }
   }
-  pthread_mutex_unlock(&g.read_thread_mutex);
-
-  pthread_join(read_thread_id, NULL);  /* wait for the read thread to return */
 
-  pthread_cond_destroy(&g.read_thread_cond);
-  pthread_mutex_destroy(&g.read_thread_mutex);
+  pthread_mutex_unlock(&g.read_thread_mutex);
 
  /*
   * Close the connection and input file and general clean up...
@@ -782,6 +907,9 @@ static void *read_thread(void *reference)
   uint64_t                     start,
                                delay;
 
+
+  (void)reference;
+
   /* Calculate what 250 milliSeconds are in mach absolute time...
    */
   mach_timebase_info(&timeBaseInfo);
@@ -799,6 +927,8 @@ static void *read_thread(void *reference)
     readstatus = (*g.classdriver)->ReadPipe(g.classdriver, readbuffer, &rbytes);
     if (readstatus == kIOReturnSuccess && rbytes > 0)
     {
+      fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: Read %d bytes of back-channel data...\n",
+              (int)rbytes);
       cupsBackChannelWrite((char*)readbuffer, rbytes, 1.0);
 
       /* cntrl-d is echoed by the printer.
@@ -813,6 +943,12 @@ static void *read_thread(void *reference)
       parse_pserror(readbuffer, rbytes);
 #endif
     }
+    else if (readstatus == kIOUSBTransactionTimeout)
+      fputs("DEBUG: Got USB transaction timeout during read\n", stderr);
+    else if (readstatus == kIOUSBPipeStalled)
+      fputs("DEBUG: Got USB pipe stalled during read\n", stderr);
+    else if (readstatus == kIOReturnAborted)
+      fputs("DEBUG: Got USB return aborted during read\n", stderr);
 
    /*
     * Make sure this loop executes no more than once every 250 miliseconds...
@@ -823,6 +959,27 @@ static void *read_thread(void *reference)
 
   } while (g.wait_eof || !g.read_thread_stop); /* Abort from main thread tests error here */
 
+  /* Workaround for usb race condition. <rdar://problem/21882551> */
+  if (!g.wait_eof && g.use_generic_class_driver)
+  {
+     const char *pdl = getenv("FINAL_CONTENT_TYPE");
+     if (pdl && strcmp(pdl, "application/vnd.cups-postscript") == 0)
+     {
+       while (readstatus == kIOReturnSuccess && ((rbytes > 0 && readbuffer[rbytes-1] != 0x4) || rbytes == 0))
+       {
+         start = mach_absolute_time();
+
+         rbytes = sizeof(readbuffer);
+         readstatus = (*g.classdriver)->ReadPipe(g.classdriver, readbuffer, &rbytes);
+         if (readstatus == kIOReturnSuccess && rbytes > 0 && readbuffer[rbytes-1] == 0x4)
+           break;
+
+         /* Make sure this loop executes no more than once every 250 miliseconds... */
+         mach_wait_until(start + delay);
+       }
+     }
+  }
+
  /*
   * Let the main thread know that we have completed the read thread...
   */
@@ -849,51 +1006,100 @@ sidechannel_thread(void *reference)
   int                  datalen;        /* Request/response data size */
 
 
+  (void)reference;
+
   do
   {
     datalen = sizeof(data);
 
     if (cupsSideChannelRead(&command, &status, data, &datalen, 1.0))
-      continue;
+    {
+      if (status == CUPS_SC_STATUS_TIMEOUT)
+       continue;
+      else
+       break;
+    }
 
     switch (command)
     {
       case CUPS_SC_CMD_SOFT_RESET:     /* Do a soft reset */
+         fputs("DEBUG: CUPS_SC_CMD_SOFT_RESET received from driver...\n",
+               stderr);
+
           if ((*g.classdriver)->SoftReset != NULL)
          {
            soft_reset();
            cupsSideChannelWrite(command, CUPS_SC_STATUS_OK, NULL, 0, 1.0);
+           fputs("DEBUG: Returning status CUPS_STATUS_OK with no bytes...\n",
+                 stderr);
          }
          else
          {
            cupsSideChannelWrite(command, CUPS_SC_STATUS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED,
                                 NULL, 0, 1.0);
+           fputs("DEBUG: Returning status CUPS_STATUS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED with "
+                 "no bytes...\n", stderr);
          }
          break;
 
       case CUPS_SC_CMD_DRAIN_OUTPUT:   /* Drain all pending output */
+         fputs("DEBUG: CUPS_SC_CMD_DRAIN_OUTPUT received from driver...\n",
+               stderr);
+
          g.drain_output = 1;
          break;
 
       case CUPS_SC_CMD_GET_BIDI:               /* Is the connection bidirectional? */
-         data[0] = g.bidi_flag;
+         fputs("DEBUG: CUPS_SC_CMD_GET_BIDI received from driver...\n",
+               stderr);
+
+         data[0] = (char)g.bidi_flag;
          cupsSideChannelWrite(command, CUPS_SC_STATUS_OK, data, 1, 1.0);
+
+         fprintf(stderr,
+                 "DEBUG: Returned CUPS_SC_STATUS_OK with 1 byte (%02X)...\n",
+                 data[0]);
          break;
 
       case CUPS_SC_CMD_GET_DEVICE_ID:  /* Return IEEE-1284 device ID */
+         fputs("DEBUG: CUPS_SC_CMD_GET_DEVICE_ID received from driver...\n",
+               stderr);
+
          datalen = sizeof(data);
          get_device_id(&status, data, &datalen);
          cupsSideChannelWrite(command, CUPS_SC_STATUS_OK, data, datalen, 1.0);
+
+          if ((size_t)datalen < sizeof(data))
+           data[datalen] = '\0';
+         else
+           data[sizeof(data) - 1] = '\0';
+
+         fprintf(stderr,
+                 "DEBUG: Returning CUPS_SC_STATUS_OK with %d bytes (%s)...\n",
+                 datalen, data);
          break;
 
       case CUPS_SC_CMD_GET_STATE:              /* Return device state */
+         fputs("DEBUG: CUPS_SC_CMD_GET_STATE received from driver...\n",
+               stderr);
+
          data[0] = CUPS_SC_STATE_ONLINE;
          cupsSideChannelWrite(command, CUPS_SC_STATUS_OK, data, 1, 1.0);
+
+         fprintf(stderr,
+                 "DEBUG: Returned CUPS_SC_STATUS_OK with 1 byte (%02X)...\n",
+                 data[0]);
          break;
 
       default:
+         fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: Unknown side-channel command (%d) received "
+                         "from driver...\n", command);
+
          cupsSideChannelWrite(command, CUPS_SC_STATUS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED,
                               NULL, 0, 1.0);
+
+         fputs("DEBUG: Returned CUPS_SC_STATUS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED with no bytes...\n",
+               stderr);
          break;
     }
   }
@@ -912,226 +1118,228 @@ sidechannel_thread(void *reference)
 /*
  * 'iterate_printers()' - Iterate over all the printers.
  */
-
-static void iterate_printers(iterator_callback_t callBack,
-                            void *userdata)
+static void iterate_printers(iterator_callback_t callBack, void *userdata)
 {
-  mach_port_t  masterPort = 0x0;
-  kern_return_t kr = IOMasterPort (bootstrap_port, &masterPort);
+  Iterating = 1;
 
-  if (kr == kIOReturnSuccess && masterPort != 0x0)
-  {
-    io_iterator_t addIterator = 0x0;
+  iterator_reference_t reference = { callBack, userdata, true };
 
-    iterator_reference_t reference = { callBack, userdata, true };
-    IONotificationPortRef addNotification = IONotificationPortCreate(masterPort);
+  IONotificationPortRef addNotification = IONotificationPortCreate(kIOMasterPortDefault);
 
-    int klass = kUSBPrintingClass;
-    int subklass = kUSBPrintingSubclass;
+  int printingClass = kUSBPrintingClass;
+  int printingSubclass = kUSBPrintingSubclass;
 
-    CFNumberRef usb_klass = CFNumberCreate(NULL, kCFNumberIntType, &klass);
-    CFNumberRef usb_subklass = CFNumberCreate(NULL, kCFNumberIntType, &subklass);
-    CFMutableDictionaryRef usbPrinterMatchDictionary = IOServiceMatching(kIOUSBInterfaceClassName);
+  CFNumberRef interfaceClass = CFNumberCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, kCFNumberIntType, &printingClass);
+  CFNumberRef interfaceSubClass = CFNumberCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, kCFNumberIntType, &printingSubclass);
 
-    CFDictionaryAddValue(usbPrinterMatchDictionary, CFSTR("bInterfaceClass"), usb_klass);
-    CFDictionaryAddValue(usbPrinterMatchDictionary, CFSTR("bInterfaceSubClass"), usb_subklass);
+  CFMutableDictionaryRef usbPrinterMatchDictionary = IOServiceMatching(kIOUSBInterfaceClassName);
+  CFDictionaryAddValue(usbPrinterMatchDictionary, CFSTR("bInterfaceClass"), interfaceClass);
+  CFDictionaryAddValue(usbPrinterMatchDictionary, CFSTR("bInterfaceSubClass"), interfaceSubClass);
 
-    CFRelease(usb_klass);
-    CFRelease(usb_subklass);
+  CFRelease(interfaceClass);
+  CFRelease(interfaceSubClass);
 
-    kr = IOServiceAddMatchingNotification(addNotification, kIOMatchedNotification, usbPrinterMatchDictionary, &device_added, &reference, &addIterator);
-    if (addIterator != 0x0)
+  io_iterator_t add_iterator = IO_OBJECT_NULL;
+  IOServiceAddMatchingNotification(addNotification, kIOMatchedNotification,
+                usbPrinterMatchDictionary, &device_added, &reference, &add_iterator);
+  if (add_iterator != IO_OBJECT_NULL)
+  {
+    device_added (&reference, add_iterator);
+    if (reference.keepRunning)
     {
-      device_added (&reference, addIterator);
-
-      if (reference.keepRunning)
-      {
-       CFRunLoopAddSource(CFRunLoopGetCurrent(), IONotificationPortGetRunLoopSource(addNotification), kCFRunLoopDefaultMode);
-       CFRunLoopRun();
-      }
-      IOObjectRelease(addIterator);
+      CFRunLoopAddSource(CFRunLoopGetCurrent(), IONotificationPortGetRunLoopSource(addNotification), kCFRunLoopDefaultMode);
+      CFRunLoopRun();
     }
-    mach_port_deallocate(mach_task_self(), masterPort);
+    IOObjectRelease(add_iterator);
   }
+  Iterating = 0;
 }
 
 
 /*
  * 'device_added()' - Device added notifier.
  */
-
-static void device_added(void *userdata,
-                        io_iterator_t iterator)
+static void device_added(void *userdata, io_iterator_t iterator)
 {
   iterator_reference_t *reference = userdata;
+  io_service_t intf;
 
-  io_service_t obj;
-  while (reference->keepRunning && (obj = IOIteratorNext(iterator)) != 0x0)
+  while (reference->keepRunning && (intf = IOIteratorNext(iterator)) != 0x0)
   {
-    if (reference->callback != NULL)
-      reference->keepRunning = reference->callback(reference->userdata, obj);
+    printer_interface_t printerIntf = usb_printer_interface_interface(intf);
+    if (printerIntf != NULL)
+    {
+      UInt8 intfClass = 0, intfSubClass = 0;
 
-    IOObjectRelease(obj);
-  }
+      (*printerIntf)->GetInterfaceClass(printerIntf, &intfClass);
+      (*printerIntf)->GetInterfaceSubClass(printerIntf, &intfSubClass);
+      if (intfClass == kUSBPrintingInterfaceClass && intfSubClass == kUSBPrintingSubclass)
+        reference->keepRunning = reference->callback(intf, printerIntf, userdata);
+        (*printerIntf)->Release(printerIntf);
+      }
+      IOObjectRelease(intf);
+    }
 
-  /* One last call to the call back now that we are not longer have printers left to iterate...
-   */
-  if (reference->keepRunning)
-    reference->keepRunning = reference->callback(reference->userdata, 0x0);
+    if (reference->keepRunning && reference->callback)
+      reference->keepRunning = reference->callback(IO_OBJECT_NULL, NULL, reference->userdata);
 
-  if (!reference->keepRunning)
-    CFRunLoopStop(CFRunLoopGetCurrent());
+    if (!reference->keepRunning)
+      CFRunLoopStop(CFRunLoopGetCurrent());
 }
 
-
 /*
  * 'list_device_cb()' - list_device iterator callback.
  */
-
-static Boolean list_device_cb(void *refcon,
-                             io_service_t obj)
+static Boolean list_device_cb(io_service_t obj, printer_interface_t printerIntf, void *refcon)
 {
-  Boolean keepRunning = (obj != 0x0);
+  (void)refcon;
 
-  if (keepRunning)
+  if (obj != IO_OBJECT_NULL)
   {
     CFStringRef deviceIDString = NULL;
-    UInt32 deviceLocation = 0;
-    UInt8      interfaceNum = 0;
+    CFStringRef make = NULL;
+    CFStringRef model = NULL;
+    CFStringRef serial = NULL;
+    UInt32 intfLocation;
 
-    copy_devicestring(obj, &deviceIDString, &deviceLocation, &interfaceNum);
-    if (deviceIDString != NULL)
-    {
-      CFStringRef make = NULL,  model = NULL, serial = NULL;
-      char uristr[1024], makestr[1024], modelstr[1024], serialstr[1024];
-      char optionsstr[1024], idstr[1024];
+    deviceIDString = copy_printer_interface_deviceid(printerIntf, 0);
+    if (deviceIDString == NULL)
+      goto list_device_done;
 
-      copy_deviceinfo(deviceIDString, &make, &model, &serial);
+    make = deviceIDCopyManufacturer(deviceIDString);
+    model = deviceIDCopyModel(deviceIDString);
+    serial = deviceIDCopySerialNumber(deviceIDString);
 
-      modelstr[0] = '/';
+    char uristr[1024], makestr[1024], modelstr[1024], serialstr[1024];
+    char optionsstr[1024], idstr[1024], make_modelstr[1024];
 
-      CFStringGetCString(deviceIDString, idstr, sizeof(idstr),
-                         kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
+    CFStringGetCString(deviceIDString, idstr, sizeof(idstr), kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
+    backendGetMakeModel(idstr, make_modelstr, sizeof(make_modelstr));
 
-      if (make)
-        CFStringGetCString(make, makestr, sizeof(makestr),
-                          kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
-      else
-        strcpy(makestr, "Unknown");
+    modelstr[0] = '/';
 
-      if (model)
-       CFStringGetCString(model, &modelstr[1], sizeof(modelstr)-1,
-                          kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
-      else
-        strcpy(modelstr + 1, "Printer");
-
-      optionsstr[0] = '\0';
-      if (serial != NULL)
-      {
-        CFStringGetCString(serial, serialstr, sizeof(serialstr), kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
-       snprintf(optionsstr, sizeof(optionsstr), "?serial=%s", serialstr);
-      }
-      else if (deviceLocation != 0)
-       snprintf(optionsstr, sizeof(optionsstr), "?location=%x", (unsigned)deviceLocation);
-
-      httpAssembleURI(HTTP_URI_CODING_ALL, uristr, sizeof(uristr), "usb", NULL, makestr, 0, modelstr);
-      strncat(uristr, optionsstr, sizeof(uristr));
+    if (make  == NULL || !CFStringGetCString(make, makestr, sizeof(makestr), kCFStringEncodingUTF8))
+      strlcpy(makestr, "Unknown", sizeof(makestr));
 
-     /*
-      * Fix common HP 1284 bug...
-      */
+    if (model == NULL || !CFStringGetCString(model, &modelstr[1], sizeof(modelstr)-1, kCFStringEncodingUTF8))
+      strlcpy(modelstr + 1, "Printer", sizeof(modelstr) - 1);
 
-      if (!strcasecmp(makestr, "Hewlett-Packard"))
-        strcpy(makestr, "HP");
+    optionsstr[0] = '\0';
+    if (serial != NULL && CFStringGetCString(serial, serialstr, sizeof(serialstr), kCFStringEncodingUTF8))
+      snprintf(optionsstr, sizeof(optionsstr), "?serial=%s", serialstr);
+    else if ((*printerIntf)->GetLocationID(printerIntf, &intfLocation) == kIOReturnSuccess)
+      snprintf(optionsstr, sizeof(optionsstr), "?location=%x", (unsigned)intfLocation);
 
-      if (!strncasecmp(modelstr + 1, "hp ", 3))
-        _cups_strcpy(modelstr + 1, modelstr + 4);
+    httpAssembleURI(HTTP_URI_CODING_ALL, uristr, sizeof(uristr), "usb", NULL, makestr, 0, modelstr);
+    strlcat(uristr, optionsstr, sizeof(uristr));
 
-      printf("direct %s \"%s %s\" \"%s %s USB\" \"%s\"\n", uristr, makestr,
-             &modelstr[1], makestr, &modelstr[1], idstr);
+    cupsBackendReport("direct", uristr, make_modelstr, make_modelstr, idstr,
+                          NULL);
+  list_device_done:
 
-      release_deviceinfo(&make, &model, &serial);
-      CFRelease(deviceIDString);
-    }
+    if (make != NULL) CFRelease(make);
+    if (model != NULL) CFRelease(model);
+    if (serial != NULL) CFRelease(serial);
   }
-
-  return keepRunning;
+  return obj != IO_OBJECT_NULL;
 }
 
-
 /*
  * 'find_device_cb()' - print_device iterator callback.
  */
-
-static Boolean find_device_cb(void *refcon,
-                             io_service_t obj)
+static Boolean find_device_cb(io_service_t obj, printer_interface_t printerIntf, void *refcon)
 {
+  (void)refcon;
+
   Boolean keepLooking = true;
 
-  if (obj != 0x0)
+  if (obj != IO_OBJECT_NULL)
   {
-    CFStringRef idString = NULL;
-    UInt32 location = -1;
-    UInt8      interfaceNum = 0;
+    CFStringRef deviceIDString = NULL;
+    CFStringRef make = NULL;
+    CFStringRef model = NULL;
+    CFStringRef serial = NULL;
 
-    copy_devicestring(obj, &idString, &location, &interfaceNum);
-    if (idString != NULL)
-    {
-      CFStringRef make = NULL,  model = NULL, serial = NULL;
+    deviceIDString = copy_printer_interface_deviceid(printerIntf, 0);
+    if (deviceIDString == NULL)
+      goto find_device_done;
 
-      copy_deviceinfo(idString, &make, &model, &serial);
-      if (make && CFStringCompare(make, g.make, kCFCompareCaseInsensitive) == kCFCompareEqualTo)
-      {
-       if (model && CFStringCompare(model, g.model, kCFCompareCaseInsensitive) == kCFCompareEqualTo)
-       {
-         if (g.serial != NULL && CFStringGetLength(g.serial) > 0)
-         {
-           if (serial != NULL && CFStringCompare(serial, g.serial, kCFCompareCaseInsensitive) == kCFCompareEqualTo)
-           {
-             IOObjectRetain(obj);
-             g.printer_obj = obj;
-             keepLooking = false;
-           }
-         }
-         else
-         {
-           if (g.printer_obj != 0)
-             IOObjectRelease(g.printer_obj);
-
-           g.printer_obj = obj;
-           IOObjectRetain(obj);
+    make = deviceIDCopyManufacturer(deviceIDString);
+    model = deviceIDCopyModel(deviceIDString);
+    serial = deviceIDCopySerialNumber(deviceIDString);
 
-           if (g.location == 0 || g.location == location)
-             keepLooking = false;
-         }
-         if ( !keepLooking )
-               g.interfaceNum = interfaceNum;
-       }
+    if (make && CFStringCompare(make, g.make, kCFCompareCaseInsensitive) == kCFCompareEqualTo)
+    {
+      if (model && CFStringCompare(model, g.model, kCFCompareCaseInsensitive) == kCFCompareEqualTo)
+      {
+        UInt8 intfAltSetting = 0, intfNumber = 0, intfProtocol = 0;
+        UInt32 intfLocation = 0;
+
+        (*printerIntf)->GetInterfaceProtocol(printerIntf, &intfProtocol);
+        (*printerIntf)->GetAlternateSetting(printerIntf, &intfAltSetting);
+        (*printerIntf)->GetInterfaceNumber(printerIntf, &intfNumber);
+        (*printerIntf)->GetLocationID(printerIntf, &intfLocation);
+
+        if (intfProtocol == kUSBPrintingProtocolIPP)
+            return keepLooking;
+
+        if (g.serial != NULL && CFStringGetLength(g.serial) > 0)
+        {
+          if (serial != NULL && CFStringCompare(serial, g.serial, kCFCompareCaseInsensitive) == kCFCompareEqualTo)
+          {
+            g.interfaceProtocol = intfProtocol;
+            g.location = intfLocation;
+            g.alternateSetting = intfAltSetting;
+            g.printer_obj = obj;
+            IOObjectRetain(obj);
+            keepLooking = false;
+          }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+          if (g.printer_obj != 0)
+            IOObjectRelease(g.printer_obj);
+
+            if (g.location == 0 || g.location == intfLocation)
+                keepLooking = false;
+
+            g.location = intfLocation;
+            g.alternateSetting = intfAltSetting;
+            g.interfaceProtocol = intfProtocol;
+            g.printer_obj = obj;
+            IOObjectRetain(obj);
+        }
+
+        if (!keepLooking)
+          g.interfaceNum = intfNumber;
       }
-
-      release_deviceinfo(&make, &model, &serial);
-      CFRelease(idString);
     }
+
+  find_device_done:
+    if (deviceIDString != NULL) CFRelease(deviceIDString);
+    if (make != NULL) CFRelease(make);
+    if (model != NULL) CFRelease(model);
+    if (serial != NULL) CFRelease(serial);
   }
   else
   {
-    keepLooking = (g.printer_obj == 0);
-    if (obj == 0x0 && keepLooking)
+    keepLooking = (g.printer_obj == 0 && g.interfaceProtocol != kUSBPrintingProtocolIPP);
+    if (obj == IO_OBJECT_NULL && keepLooking)
     {
       CFRunLoopTimerContext context = { 0, refcon, NULL, NULL, NULL };
       CFRunLoopTimerRef timer = CFRunLoopTimerCreate(NULL, CFAbsoluteTimeGetCurrent() + 1.0, 10, 0x0, 0x0, status_timer_cb, &context);
       if (timer != NULL)
       {
-       CFRunLoopAddTimer(CFRunLoopGetCurrent(), timer, kCFRunLoopDefaultMode);
-       g.status_timer = timer;
+        CFRunLoopAddTimer(CFRunLoopGetCurrent(), timer, kCFRunLoopDefaultMode);
+        g.status_timer = timer;
       }
     }
   }
 
   if (!keepLooking && g.status_timer != NULL)
   {
-    fputs("STATE: -offline-error\n", stderr);
-    _cupsLangPuts(stderr, _("INFO: Printer is now on-line.\n"));
+    fputs("STATE: -offline-report\n", stderr);
+    _cupsLangPrintFilter(stderr, "INFO", _("The printer is now online."));
     CFRunLoopRemoveTimer(CFRunLoopGetCurrent(), g.status_timer, kCFRunLoopDefaultMode);
     CFRelease(g.status_timer);
     g.status_timer = NULL;
@@ -1140,66 +1348,52 @@ static Boolean find_device_cb(void *refcon,
   return keepLooking;
 }
 
+static CFStringRef deviceIDCopySerialNumber(CFStringRef deviceID)
+{
+    CFStringRef serialKeys[] = { CFSTR("SN:"),  CFSTR("SERN:"), NULL };
 
-/*
- * 'status_timer_cb()' - Status timer callback.
- */
+    return copy_value_for_key(deviceID, serialKeys);
+}
 
-static void status_timer_cb(CFRunLoopTimerRef timer,
-                           void *info)
+static CFStringRef deviceIDCopyModel(CFStringRef deviceID)
 {
-  fputs("STATE: +offline-error\n", stderr);
-  _cupsLangPuts(stderr, _("INFO: Printer is currently off-line.\n"));
+    CFStringRef modelKeys[] = { CFSTR("MDL:"), CFSTR("MODEL:"), NULL };
+    return copy_value_for_key(deviceID, modelKeys);
 }
 
-
-#pragma mark -
-/*
- * 'copy_deviceinfo()' - Copy strings from the 1284 device ID.
- */
-
-static void copy_deviceinfo(CFStringRef deviceIDString,
-                           CFStringRef *make,
-                           CFStringRef *model,
-                           CFStringRef *serial)
+static CFStringRef deviceIDCopyManufacturer(CFStringRef deviceID)
 {
-  CFStringRef modelKeys[]  = { CFSTR("MDL:"), CFSTR("MODEL:"), NULL };
-  CFStringRef makeKeys[]   = { CFSTR("MFG:"), CFSTR("MANUFACTURER:"), NULL };
-  CFStringRef serialKeys[] = { CFSTR("SN:"),  CFSTR("SERN:"), NULL };
-
-  if (make != NULL)
-    *make = copy_value_for_key(deviceIDString, makeKeys);
-  if (model != NULL)
-    *model = copy_value_for_key(deviceIDString, modelKeys);
-  if (serial != NULL)
-    *serial = copy_value_for_key(deviceIDString, serialKeys);
+    CFStringRef makeKeys[]   = { CFSTR("MFG:"), CFSTR("MANUFACTURER:"), NULL };
+    return copy_value_for_key(deviceID, makeKeys);
 }
 
-
 /*
- * 'release_deviceinfo()' - Release deviceinfo strings.
+ * 'status_timer_cb()' - Status timer callback.
  */
 
-static void release_deviceinfo(CFStringRef *make,
-                              CFStringRef *model,
-                              CFStringRef *serial)
+static void status_timer_cb(CFRunLoopTimerRef timer,
+                           void *info)
 {
-  if (make != NULL && *make != NULL)
-  {
-    CFRelease(*make);
-    *make = NULL;
-  }
+  (void)timer;
+  (void)info;
 
-  if (model != NULL && *model != NULL)
-  {
-    CFRelease(*model);
-    *model = NULL;
-  }
+  fputs("STATE: +offline-report\n", stderr);
+  _cupsLangPrintFilter(stderr, "INFO", _("The printer is offline."));
 
-  if (serial != NULL && *serial != NULL)
+  if (getenv("CLASS") != NULL)
   {
-    CFRelease(*serial);
-    *serial = NULL;
+   /*
+    * If the CLASS environment variable is set, the job was submitted
+    * to a class and not to a specific queue.  In this case, we want
+    * to abort immediately so that the job can be requeued on the next
+    * available printer in the class.
+    *
+    * Sleep 5 seconds to keep the job from requeuing too rapidly...
+    */
+
+    sleep(5);
+
+    exit(CUPS_BACKEND_FAILED);
   }
 }
 
@@ -1210,61 +1404,81 @@ static void release_deviceinfo(CFStringRef *make,
  */
 
 static kern_return_t load_classdriver(CFStringRef          driverPath,
-                                     printer_interface_t   intf,
+                                     printer_interface_t   interface,
                                      classdriver_t         ***printerDriver)
 {
-  kern_return_t kr = kUSBPrinterClassDeviceNotOpen;
-  classdriver_t **driver = NULL;
-  CFStringRef bundle = (driverPath == NULL ? kUSBGenericTOPrinterClassDriver : driverPath);
+  kern_return_t        kr = kUSBPrinterClassDeviceNotOpen;
+  classdriver_t        **driver = NULL;
+  CFStringRef  bundle = driverPath ? driverPath : kUSBGenericTOPrinterClassDriver;
+  char                 bundlestr[1024];        /* Bundle path */
+  CFURLRef     url;                    /* URL for driver */
+  CFPlugInRef  plugin = NULL;          /* Plug-in address */
 
-  if (bundle != NULL)
-  {
-    CFURLRef url = CFURLCreateWithFileSystemPath(NULL, bundle, kCFURLPOSIXPathStyle, true);
-    CFPlugInRef plugin = (url != NULL ? CFPlugInCreate(NULL, url) : NULL);
 
-    if (url != NULL)
-      CFRelease(url);
+  CFStringGetCString(bundle, bundlestr, sizeof(bundlestr), kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
+
+ /*
+  * Validate permissions for the class driver...
+  */
+
+  _cups_fc_result_t result = _cupsFileCheck(bundlestr,
+                                            _CUPS_FILE_CHECK_DIRECTORY, 1,
+                                            Iterating ? NULL : _cupsFileCheckFilter, NULL);
+
+  if (result && driverPath)
+    return (load_classdriver(NULL, interface, printerDriver));
+  else if (result)
+    return (kr);
+
+ /*
+  * Try loading the class driver...
+  */
+
+  url = CFURLCreateWithFileSystemPath(NULL, bundle, kCFURLPOSIXPathStyle, true);
 
-    if (plugin != NULL)
+  if (url)
+  {
+    plugin = CFPlugInCreate(NULL, url);
+    CFRelease(url);
+  }
+  else
+    plugin = NULL;
+
+  if (plugin)
+  {
+    CFArrayRef factories = CFPlugInFindFactoriesForPlugInTypeInPlugIn(kUSBPrinterClassTypeID, plugin);
+    if (factories != NULL && CFArrayGetCount(factories) > 0)
     {
-      CFArrayRef factories = CFPlugInFindFactoriesForPlugInTypeInPlugIn(kUSBPrinterClassTypeID, plugin);
-      if (factories != NULL && CFArrayGetCount(factories) > 0)
+      CFUUIDRef factoryID = CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(factories, 0);
+      IUnknownVTbl **iunknown = CFPlugInInstanceCreate(NULL, factoryID, kUSBPrinterClassTypeID);
+      if (iunknown != NULL)
       {
-       CFUUIDRef factoryID = CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(factories, 0);
-       IUnknownVTbl **iunknown = CFPlugInInstanceCreate(NULL, factoryID, kUSBPrinterClassTypeID);
-       if (iunknown != NULL)
+       kr = (*iunknown)->QueryInterface(iunknown, CFUUIDGetUUIDBytes(kUSBPrinterClassInterfaceID), (LPVOID *)&driver);
+       if (kr == kIOReturnSuccess && driver != NULL)
        {
-         kr = (*iunknown)->QueryInterface(iunknown, CFUUIDGetUUIDBytes(kUSBPrinterClassInterfaceID), (LPVOID *)&driver);
-         if (kr == kIOReturnSuccess && driver != NULL)
+         classdriver_t **genericDriver = NULL;
+         if (driverPath != NULL && CFStringCompare(driverPath, kUSBGenericTOPrinterClassDriver, 0) != kCFCompareEqualTo)
+           kr = load_classdriver(NULL, interface, &genericDriver);
+
+         if (kr == kIOReturnSuccess)
          {
-           classdriver_t **genericDriver = NULL;
-           if (driverPath != NULL && CFStringCompare(driverPath, kUSBGenericTOPrinterClassDriver, 0) != kCFCompareEqualTo)
-             kr = load_classdriver(NULL, intf, &genericDriver);
-
-           if (kr == kIOReturnSuccess)
-           {
-             (*driver)->interface = intf;
-             (*driver)->Initialize(driver, genericDriver);
-
-             (*driver)->plugin = plugin;
-             (*driver)->interface = intf;
-             *printerDriver = driver;
-           }
+           (*driver)->interface = interface;
+           (*driver)->Initialize(driver, genericDriver);
+
+           (*driver)->plugin = plugin;
+           (*driver)->interface = interface;
+           *printerDriver = driver;
          }
-         (*iunknown)->Release(iunknown);
        }
-       CFRelease(factories);
+       (*iunknown)->Release(iunknown);
       }
+      CFRelease(factories);
     }
   }
 
-#ifdef DEBUG
-  char bundlestr[1024];
-  CFStringGetCString(bundle, bundlestr, sizeof(bundlestr), kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
   fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: load_classdriver(%s) (kr:0x%08x)\n", bundlestr, (int)kr);
-#endif /* DEBUG */
 
-  return kr;
+  return (kr);
 }
 
 
@@ -1295,26 +1509,305 @@ static kern_return_t load_printerdriver(CFStringRef *driverBundlePath)
   IOCFPlugInInterface  **iodev = NULL;
   SInt32               score;
   kern_return_t                kr;
-  printer_interface_t  intf;
+  printer_interface_t  interface;
   HRESULT              res;
 
   kr = IOCreatePlugInInterfaceForService(g.printer_obj, kIOUSBInterfaceUserClientTypeID, kIOCFPlugInInterfaceID, &iodev, &score);
   if (kr == kIOReturnSuccess)
   {
-    if ((res = (*iodev)->QueryInterface(iodev, USB_INTERFACE_KIND, (LPVOID *) &intf)) == noErr)
+    if ((res = (*iodev)->QueryInterface(iodev, USB_INTERFACE_KIND, (LPVOID *) &interface)) == noErr)
     {
       *driverBundlePath = IORegistryEntryCreateCFProperty(g.printer_obj, kUSBClassDriverProperty, NULL, kNilOptions);
 
-      kr = load_classdriver(*driverBundlePath, intf, &g.classdriver);
+      g.use_generic_class_driver = (*driverBundlePath == NULL || (CFStringCompare(*driverBundlePath, kUSBGenericTOPrinterClassDriver, 0x0) == kCFCompareEqualTo));
+      kr = load_classdriver(*driverBundlePath, interface, &g.classdriver);
 
       if (kr != kIOReturnSuccess)
-       (*intf)->Release(intf);
+       (*interface)->Release(interface);
     }
     IODestroyPlugInInterface(iodev);
   }
   return kr;
 }
 
+static printer_interface_t usb_printer_interface_interface(io_service_t usbClass)
+{
+       printer_interface_t  intf = NULL;
+       IOCFPlugInInterface **plugin = NULL;
+       SInt32  score;
+       int kr = IOCreatePlugInInterfaceForService(usbClass, kIOUSBInterfaceUserClientTypeID, kIOCFPlugInInterfaceID, &plugin, &score);
+       if (kr == kIOReturnSuccess)
+       {
+               (*plugin)->QueryInterface(plugin, USB_INTERFACE_KIND, (LPVOID *)&intf);
+               IODestroyPlugInInterface(plugin);
+       }
+
+       return intf;
+}
+
+static CFStringRef copy_printer_interface_deviceid(printer_interface_t printer, UInt8 alternateSetting)
+{
+       // I have tried to make this function as neat as I can, but the possibility of needing to resend
+       // a request to get the entire string makes it hideous...
+       //
+       // We package the job of sending a request up into the block (^sendRequest), which takes the size
+       // it should allocate for the message buffer. It frees the current buffer if one is set and
+       // allocates one of the specified size, then performs the request. We can then easily retry by
+       // calling the block again if we fail to get the whole string the first time around.
+
+       #define kUSBPrintClassGetDeviceID           0
+       #define kDefaultNoDataTimeout               5000L
+       #define pack_device_id_wIndex(intf, alt)  ((UInt16)((((UInt16)(intf)) << 8) | ((UInt8)(alt))))
+
+       if (printer == NULL)
+                       return NULL;
+
+
+       IOReturn err        = kIOReturnError;
+       UInt8    configurationIndex     = 0;
+       UInt8    interfaceNumber        = 0;
+       size_t   bufferLength           = 256;
+       CFStringRef ret             = NULL;
+
+       if ((*printer)->GetConfigurationValue( printer, &configurationIndex) == kIOReturnSuccess &&
+                       (*printer)->GetInterfaceNumber( printer, &interfaceNumber) == kIOReturnSuccess)
+       {
+               __block IOUSBDevRequestTO       request;
+               IOReturn (^sendRequest)(size_t) = ^ (size_t size)
+               {
+                       if (request.pData)
+                       {
+                               free(request.pData);
+                               request.wLength = 0;
+                               request.pData = NULL;
+                       }
+
+                       IOReturn berr = kIOReturnError;
+                       char *buffer = malloc(size);
+                       if (buffer == NULL)
+                               return kIOReturnNoMemory;
+
+                       request.wLength = HostToUSBWord(size);
+                       request.pData = buffer;
+                       berr = (*printer)->ControlRequestTO(printer, (UInt8)0, &request);
+                       return berr;
+               };
+
+               /* This request takes the 0 based configuration index. IOKit returns a 1 based configuration index */
+               configurationIndex -= 1;
+
+               bzero(&request, sizeof(request));
+
+               request.bmRequestType           = USBmakebmRequestType(kUSBIn, kUSBClass, kUSBInterface);
+               request.bRequest                        = kUSBPrintClassGetDeviceID;
+               request.wValue                          = HostToUSBWord(configurationIndex);
+               request.wIndex                          = HostToUSBWord(pack_device_id_wIndex(interfaceNumber, alternateSetting));
+               request.noDataTimeout           = kDefaultNoDataTimeout;
+               request.completionTimeout       = 0; // Copying behavior from Generic Class Driver
+
+               err = sendRequest(bufferLength);
+
+               if (err == kIOReturnSuccess && request.wLenDone > 1)
+               {
+                       UInt16 actualLength = OSSwapBigToHostInt16(*((UInt16 *)request.pData));
+
+                       if (actualLength > 2 && actualLength <= bufferLength - 2)
+                       {
+                               ret = CFStringCreateWithBytes(NULL, (const UInt8 *) &request.pData[2], actualLength - 2, kCFStringEncodingUTF8, false);
+                       }
+                       else if (actualLength > 2) {
+                               err = sendRequest(actualLength);
+                               if (err == kIOReturnSuccess && request.wLenDone > 0)
+                               {
+                                       actualLength = OSSwapBigToHostInt16(*((UInt16 *)request.pData));
+                                       ret = CFStringCreateWithBytes(NULL, (const UInt8 *) &request.pData[2], actualLength - 2, kCFStringEncodingUTF8, false);
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+
+               if (request.pData)
+                       free(request.pData);
+       }
+
+       CFStringRef manufacturer = deviceIDCopyManufacturer(ret);
+       CFStringRef model = deviceIDCopyModel(ret);
+       CFStringRef serial = deviceIDCopySerialNumber(ret);
+
+       if (manufacturer == NULL || serial == NULL || model == NULL)
+       {
+               IOUSBDevRequestTO               request;
+               IOUSBDeviceDescriptor   desc;
+
+               bzero(&request, sizeof(request));
+
+               request.bmRequestType = USBmakebmRequestType( kUSBIn,  kUSBStandard, kUSBDevice );
+               request.bRequest = kUSBRqGetDescriptor;
+               request.wValue = kUSBDeviceDesc << 8;
+               request.wIndex = 0;
+               request.wLength = sizeof(desc);
+               request.pData = &desc;
+               request.completionTimeout = 0;
+               request.noDataTimeout = 60L;
+
+               err = (*printer)->ControlRequestTO(printer, 0, &request);
+               if (err == kIOReturnSuccess)
+               {
+                       CFMutableStringRef extras = CFStringCreateMutable(NULL, 0);
+                       if (manufacturer == NULL)
+                       {
+                               manufacturer = copy_printer_interface_indexed_description(printer, desc.iManufacturer, kUSBLanguageEnglish);
+                               if (manufacturer && CFStringGetLength(manufacturer) > 0)
+                                       CFStringAppendFormat(extras, NULL, CFSTR("MFG:%@;"), manufacturer);
+                       }
+
+                       if (model == NULL)
+                       {
+                               model = copy_printer_interface_indexed_description(printer, desc.iProduct, kUSBLanguageEnglish);
+                               if (model && CFStringGetLength(model) > 0)
+                                       CFStringAppendFormat(extras, NULL, CFSTR("MDL:%@;"), model);
+                       }
+
+                       if (serial == NULL && desc.iSerialNumber != 0)
+                       {
+                               serial = copy_printer_interface_indexed_description(printer, desc.iSerialNumber, kUSBLanguageEnglish);
+                               if (serial && CFStringGetLength(serial) > 0)
+                                       CFStringAppendFormat(extras, NULL, CFSTR("SERN:%@;"), serial);
+                       }
+
+                       if (ret != NULL)
+                       {
+                               CFStringAppend(extras, ret);
+                               CFRelease(ret);
+
+                               ret = extras;
+                       }
+                       else
+                       {
+                               ret = extras;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (ret != NULL)
+       {
+       /* Remove special characters from the serial number */
+       CFRange range = (serial != NULL ? CFStringFind(serial, CFSTR("+"), 0) : CFRangeMake(0, 0));
+       if (range.length == 1)
+       {
+               range = CFStringFind(ret, serial, 0);
+
+               CFMutableStringRef deviceIDString = CFStringCreateMutableCopy(NULL, 0, ret);
+               CFRelease(ret);
+
+               ret = deviceIDString;
+               CFStringFindAndReplace(deviceIDString, CFSTR("+"), CFSTR(""), range, 0);
+       }
+       }
+
+       if (manufacturer != NULL)
+               CFRelease(manufacturer);
+
+       if (model != NULL)
+               CFRelease(model);
+
+       if (serial != NULL)
+               CFRelease(serial);
+
+       if (ret != NULL && CFStringGetLength(ret) == 0)
+       {
+               CFRelease(ret);
+               return NULL;
+       }
+
+       return ret;
+}
+
+static CFStringRef copy_printer_interface_indexed_description(printer_interface_t  printer, UInt8 index, UInt16 language)
+{
+       IOReturn err;
+       UInt8 description[256]; // Max possible descriptor length
+       IOUSBDevRequestTO       request;
+
+       bzero(description, 2);
+
+       request.bmRequestType = USBmakebmRequestType(kUSBIn, kUSBStandard, kUSBDevice);
+       request.bRequest = kUSBRqGetDescriptor;
+       request.wValue = (kUSBStringDesc << 8) | index;
+       request.wIndex = language;
+       request.wLength = 2;
+       request.pData = &description;
+       request.completionTimeout = 0;
+       request.noDataTimeout = 60L;
+
+       err = (*printer)->ControlRequestTO(printer, 0, &request);
+       if (err != kIOReturnSuccess && err != kIOReturnOverrun)
+       {
+               bzero(description, request.wLength);
+
+               // Let's try again full length. Here's why:
+               //      On USB 2.0 controllers, we will not get an overrun error.  We just get a "babble" error
+               //      and no valid data.  So, if we ask for the max size, we will either get it, or we'll get an underrun.
+               //      It looks like we get it w/out an underrun
+
+               request.bmRequestType = USBmakebmRequestType(kUSBIn, kUSBStandard, kUSBDevice);
+               request.bRequest = kUSBRqGetDescriptor;
+               request.wValue = (kUSBStringDesc << 8) | index;
+               request.wIndex = language;
+               request.wLength = sizeof description;
+               request.pData = &description;
+               request.completionTimeout = 0;
+               request.noDataTimeout = 60L;
+
+               err = (*printer)->ControlRequestTO(printer, 0, &request);
+               if (err != kIOReturnSuccess && err != kIOReturnUnderrun)
+                       return NULL;
+       }
+
+       unsigned int length = description[0];
+       if (length == 0)
+               return CFStringCreateWithCString(NULL, "", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
+
+       if (description[1] != kUSBStringDesc)
+               return NULL;
+
+       request.bmRequestType = USBmakebmRequestType(kUSBIn, kUSBStandard, kUSBDevice);
+       request.bRequest = kUSBRqGetDescriptor;
+       request.wValue = (kUSBStringDesc << 8) | index;
+       request.wIndex = language;
+
+       bzero(description, length);
+       request.wLength = (UInt16)length;
+       request.pData = &description;
+       request.completionTimeout = 0;
+       request.noDataTimeout = 60L;
+
+       err = (*printer)->ControlRequestTO(printer, 0, &request);
+       if (err != kIOReturnSuccess)
+               return NULL;
+
+       if (description[1] != kUSBStringDesc)
+               return NULL;
+
+       if ((description[0] & 1) != 0)
+               description[0] &= 0xfe;
+
+       char buffer[258] = {};
+       unsigned int maxLength = sizeof buffer;
+       if (description[0] > 1)
+       {
+               length = (description[0]-2)/2;
+
+               if (length > maxLength - 1)
+                       length = maxLength -1;
+
+               for (unsigned i = 0; i < length; i++)
+                       buffer[i] = (char) description[2*i+2];
+
+               buffer[length] = 0;
+       }
+
+       return CFStringCreateWithCString(NULL, buffer, kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
+}
 
 /*
  * 'registry_open()' - Open a connection to the printer.
@@ -1359,7 +1852,7 @@ static kern_return_t registry_open(CFStringRef *driverBundlePath)
  * 'registry_close()' - Close the connection to the printer.
  */
 
-static kern_return_t registry_close()
+static kern_return_t registry_close(void)
 {
   if (g.classdriver != NULL)
     (*g.classdriver)->Close(g.classdriver);
@@ -1368,144 +1861,6 @@ static kern_return_t registry_close()
   return kIOReturnSuccess;
 }
 
-
-/*
- * 'copy_deviceid()' - Copy the 1284 device id string.
- */
-
-static OSStatus copy_deviceid(classdriver_t **classdriver,
-                             CFStringRef *deviceID)
-{
-  CFStringRef devID = NULL,
-
-  deviceMake = NULL,
-  deviceModel = NULL,
-  deviceSerial = NULL;
-
-  OSStatus err = (*classdriver)->GetDeviceID(classdriver, &devID, DEFAULT_TIMEOUT);
-
-  copy_deviceinfo(devID, &deviceMake, &deviceModel, &deviceSerial);
-
-  if (deviceMake == NULL || deviceModel == NULL || deviceSerial == NULL)
-  {
-    IOUSBDeviceDescriptor      desc;
-    iodevice_request_t         request;
-
-    request.requestType = USBmakebmRequestType(kUSBIn,  kUSBStandard, kUSBDevice);
-    request.request = kUSBRqGetDescriptor;
-    request.value = (kUSBDeviceDesc << 8) | 0;
-    request.index = 0;
-    request.length = sizeof(desc);
-    request.buffer = &desc;
-    err = (*classdriver)->DeviceRequest(classdriver, &request, DEFAULT_TIMEOUT);
-    if (err == kIOReturnSuccess)
-    {
-      CFMutableStringRef newDevID = CFStringCreateMutable(NULL, 0);
-
-      if (deviceMake == NULL)
-      {
-       CFStringRef data = NULL;
-       err = (*classdriver)->GetString(classdriver, desc.iManufacturer, kUSBLanguageEnglish, DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, &data);
-       if (data != NULL)
-       {
-         CFStringAppendFormat(newDevID, NULL, CFSTR("MFG:%@;"), data);
-         CFRelease(data);
-       }
-      }
-
-      if (deviceModel == NULL)
-      {
-       CFStringRef data = NULL;
-       err = (*classdriver)->GetString(classdriver, desc.iProduct, kUSBLanguageEnglish, DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, &data);
-       if (data != NULL)
-       {
-         CFStringAppendFormat(newDevID, NULL, CFSTR("MDL:%@;"), data);
-         CFRelease(data);
-       }
-      }
-
-      if (deviceSerial == NULL && desc.iSerialNumber != 0)
-      {
-       CFStringRef data = NULL;
-       err = (*classdriver)->GetString(classdriver, desc.iSerialNumber, kUSBLanguageEnglish, DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, &data);
-       if (data != NULL)
-       {
-         CFStringAppendFormat(newDevID, NULL, CFSTR("SERN:%@;"), data);
-         CFRelease(data);
-       }
-      }
-
-      if (devID != NULL)
-      {
-       CFStringAppend(newDevID, devID);
-       CFRelease(devID);
-      }
-
-      *deviceID = newDevID;
-    }
-  }
-  else
-  {
-    *deviceID = devID;
-  }
-  release_deviceinfo(&deviceMake, &deviceModel, &deviceSerial);
-
-  return err;
-}
-
-
-/*
- * 'copy_devicestring()' - Copy the 1284 device id string.
- */
-
-static void copy_devicestring(io_service_t usbInterface,
-                             CFStringRef *deviceID,
-                             UInt32 *deviceLocation,
-                             UInt8     *interfaceNumber )
-{
-  IOCFPlugInInterface  **iodev = NULL;
-  SInt32               score;
-  kern_return_t                kr;
-  printer_interface_t  intf;
-  HRESULT              res;
-  classdriver_t        **klassDriver = NULL;
-  CFStringRef          driverBundlePath;
-
-  if ((kr = IOCreatePlugInInterfaceForService(usbInterface,
-                                        kIOUSBInterfaceUserClientTypeID,
-                                        kIOCFPlugInInterfaceID,
-                                        &iodev, &score)) == kIOReturnSuccess)
-  {
-    if ((res = (*iodev)->QueryInterface(iodev, USB_INTERFACE_KIND, (LPVOID *)
-                                       &intf)) == noErr)
-    {
-      (*intf)->GetLocationID(intf, deviceLocation);
-      (*intf)->GetInterfaceNumber(intf, interfaceNumber);
-
-      driverBundlePath = IORegistryEntryCreateCFProperty(usbInterface,
-                                                        kUSBClassDriverProperty,
-                                                        NULL, kNilOptions);
-
-      kr = load_classdriver(driverBundlePath, intf, &klassDriver);
-
-      if (kr != kIOReturnSuccess && driverBundlePath != NULL)
-       kr = load_classdriver(NULL, intf, &klassDriver);
-
-      if (kr == kIOReturnSuccess && klassDriver != NULL)
-         kr = copy_deviceid(klassDriver, deviceID);
-
-      unload_classdriver(&klassDriver);
-
-      if (driverBundlePath != NULL)
-       CFRelease(driverBundlePath);
-
-      /* (*intf)->Release(intf); */
-    }
-    IODestroyPlugInInterface(iodev);
-  }
-}
-
-
 #pragma mark -
 /*
  * 'copy_value_for_key()' - Copy value string associated with a key.
@@ -1638,32 +1993,32 @@ static void parse_options(char *options,
     * Process the option...
     */
 
-    if (!strcasecmp(name, "waiteof"))
+    if (!_cups_strcasecmp(name, "waiteof"))
     {
-      if (!strcasecmp(value, "on") ||
-         !strcasecmp(value, "yes") ||
-         !strcasecmp(value, "true"))
+      if (!_cups_strcasecmp(value, "on") ||
+         !_cups_strcasecmp(value, "yes") ||
+         !_cups_strcasecmp(value, "true"))
        *wait_eof = true;
-      else if (!strcasecmp(value, "off") ||
-              !strcasecmp(value, "no") ||
-              !strcasecmp(value, "false"))
+      else if (!_cups_strcasecmp(value, "off") ||
+              !_cups_strcasecmp(value, "no") ||
+              !_cups_strcasecmp(value, "false"))
        *wait_eof = false;
       else
-       _cupsLangPrintf(stderr,
-                       _("WARNING: Boolean expected for waiteof option "
-                         "\"%s\"\n"), value);
+       _cupsLangPrintFilter(stderr, "WARNING",
+                            _("Boolean expected for waiteof option \"%s\"."),
+                            value);
     }
-    else if (!strcasecmp(name, "serial"))
-      strlcpy(serial, value, serial_size);
-    else if (!strcasecmp(name, "location") && location)
-      *location = strtol(value, NULL, 16);
+    else if (!_cups_strcasecmp(name, "serial"))
+      strlcpy(serial, value, (size_t)serial_size);
+    else if (!_cups_strcasecmp(name, "location") && location)
+      *location = (UInt32)strtoul(value, NULL, 16);
   }
 }
 
 
 /*!
  * @function   setup_cfLanguage
- * @abstract   Convert the contents of the CUPS 'LANG' environment
+ * @abstract   Convert the contents of the CUPS 'APPLE_LANGUAGE' environment
  *             variable into a one element CF array of languages.
  *
  * @discussion Each submitted job comes with a natural language. CUPS passes
@@ -1679,61 +2034,74 @@ static void setup_cfLanguage(void)
   CFArrayRef   langArray = NULL;
   const char   *requestedLang = NULL;
 
-  requestedLang = getenv("LANG");
+  if ((requestedLang = getenv("APPLE_LANGUAGE")) == NULL)
+    requestedLang = getenv("LANG");
+
   if (requestedLang != NULL)
   {
     lang[0] = CFStringCreateWithCString(kCFAllocatorDefault, requestedLang, kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
     langArray = CFArrayCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, (const void **)lang, sizeof(lang) / sizeof(lang[0]), &kCFTypeArrayCallBacks);
 
-    CFPreferencesSetAppValue(CFSTR("AppleLanguages"), langArray, kCFPreferencesCurrentApplication);
-    DEBUG_printf((stderr, "DEBUG: usb: AppleLanguages = \"%s\"\n", requestedLang));
+    CFPreferencesSetValue(CFSTR("AppleLanguages"), langArray, kCFPreferencesCurrentApplication, kCFPreferencesAnyUser, kCFPreferencesAnyHost);
+    fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: usb: AppleLanguages=\"%s\"\n", requestedLang);
 
     CFRelease(lang[0]);
     CFRelease(langArray);
   }
   else
-    fputs("DEBUG: usb: LANG environment variable missing.\n", stderr);
+    fputs("DEBUG: usb: LANG and APPLE_LANGUAGE environment variables missing.\n", stderr);
 }
 
 #pragma mark -
-#if defined(__i386__)
+#if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
 /*!
- * @function   run_ppc_backend
+ * @function   run_legacy_backend
  *
- * @abstract   Starts child backend process running as a ppc executable.
+ * @abstract   Starts child backend process running as a ppc or i386 executable.
  *
  * @result     Never returns; always calls exit().
  *
  * @discussion
  */
-static void run_ppc_backend(int argc,
-                           char *argv[],
-                           int fd)
+static void run_legacy_backend(int argc,
+                              char *argv[],
+                              int fd)
 {
   int  i;
   int  exitstatus = 0;
   int  childstatus;
   pid_t        waitpid_status;
   char *my_argv[32];
-  char *usb_ppc_status;
+  char *usb_legacy_status;
 
-  /*
-   * If we're running as i386 and couldn't load the class driver (because they'it's
-   * ppc-only) then try to re-exec ourselves in ppc mode to try again. If we don't have
-   * a ppc architecture we may be running i386 again so guard against this by setting
-   * and testing an environment variable...
-   */
-  usb_ppc_status = getenv("USB_PPC_STATUS");
 
-  if (usb_ppc_status == NULL)
+ /*
+  * If we're running as x86_64 or i386 and couldn't load the class driver
+  * (because it's ppc or i386), then try to re-exec ourselves in ppc or i386
+  * mode to try again. If we don't have a ppc or i386 architecture we may be
+  * running with the same architecture again so guard against this by setting
+  * and testing an environment variable...
+  */
+
+#  ifdef __x86_64__
+  usb_legacy_status = getenv("USB_I386_STATUS");
+#  else
+  usb_legacy_status = getenv("USB_PPC_STATUS");
+#  endif /* __x86_64__ */
+
+  if (!usb_legacy_status)
   {
    /*
     * Setup a SIGTERM handler then block it before forking...
     */
 
+    int                        err;            /* posix_spawn result */
     struct sigaction   action;         /* POSIX signal action */
     sigset_t           newmask,        /* New signal mask */
                        oldmask;        /* Old signal mask */
+    char               usbpath[1024];  /* Path to USB backend */
+    const char         *cups_serverbin;/* Path to CUPS binaries */
+
 
     memset(&action, 0, sizeof(action));
     sigaddset(&action.sa_mask, SIGTERM);
@@ -1744,55 +2112,65 @@ static void run_ppc_backend(int argc,
     sigaddset(&newmask, SIGTERM);
     sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &newmask, &oldmask);
 
-    if ((child_pid = fork()) == 0)
-    {
-     /*
-      * Child comes here...
-      */
-
-      setenv("USB_PPC_STATUS", "1", false);
-
-     /*
-      * Unblock signals before doing the exec...
-      */
+   /*
+    * Set the environment variable...
+    */
 
-      memset(&action, 0, sizeof(action));
-      sigemptyset(&action.sa_mask);
-      action.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
-      sigaction(SIGTERM, &action, NULL);
+#  ifdef __x86_64__
+    setenv("USB_I386_STATUS", "1", false);
+#  else
+    setenv("USB_PPC_STATUS", "1", false);
+#  endif /* __x86_64__ */
 
-      sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &oldmask, NULL);
+   /*
+    * Tell the kernel to use the specified CPU architecture...
+    */
 
-     /*
-      * Tell the kernel the next exec call should favor the ppc architecture...
-      */
+#  ifdef __x86_64__
+    cpu_type_t cpu = CPU_TYPE_I386;
+#  else
+    cpu_type_t cpu = CPU_TYPE_POWERPC;
+#  endif /* __x86_64__ */
+    size_t ocount = 1;
+    posix_spawnattr_t attrs;
 
-      int mib[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_AFFINITY, 1, 1 };
-      int namelen = 4;
-      sysctl(mib, namelen, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
+    if (!posix_spawnattr_init(&attrs))
+    {
+      posix_spawnattr_setsigdefault(&attrs, &oldmask);
+      if (posix_spawnattr_setbinpref_np(&attrs, 1, &cpu, &ocount) || ocount != 1)
+      {
+#  ifdef __x86_64__
+       perror("DEBUG: Unable to set binary preference to i386");
+#  else
+       perror("DEBUG: Unable to set binary preference to ppc");
+#  endif /* __x86_64__ */
+       _cupsLangPrintFilter(stderr, "ERROR",
+                            _("Unable to use legacy USB class driver."));
+       exit(CUPS_BACKEND_STOP);
+      }
+    }
 
-     /*
-      * Set up the arguments and call exec...
-      */
+   /*
+    * Set up the arguments and call posix_spawn...
+    */
 
-      for (i = 0; i < argc && i < (sizeof(my_argv)/sizeof(my_argv[0])) - 1; i++)
-       my_argv[i] = argv[i];
+    if ((cups_serverbin = getenv("CUPS_SERVERBIN")) == NULL)
+      cups_serverbin = CUPS_SERVERBIN;
+    snprintf(usbpath, sizeof(usbpath), "%s/backend/usb", cups_serverbin);
 
-      my_argv[i] = NULL;
+    for (i = 0; i < argc && i < (int)(sizeof(my_argv) / sizeof(my_argv[0])) - 1; i ++)
+      my_argv[i] = argv[i];
 
-      execv("/usr/libexec/cups/backend/usb", my_argv);
+    my_argv[i] = NULL;
 
-      perror("/usr/libexec/cups/backend/usb");
-      exit(errno);
-    }
-    else if (child_pid < 0)
+    if ((err = posix_spawn(&child_pid, usbpath, NULL, &attrs, my_argv,
+                           environ)) != 0)
     {
-     /*
-      * Error - couldn't fork a new process!
-      */
-
-      perror("fork");
-      exit(errno);
+      fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: Unable to exec %s: %s\n", usbpath,
+              strerror(err));
+      _cupsLangPrintFilter(stderr, "ERROR",
+                           _("Unable to use legacy USB class driver."));
+      exit(CUPS_BACKEND_STOP);
     }
 
    /*
@@ -1808,48 +2186,101 @@ static void run_ppc_backend(int argc,
     close(fd);
     close(1);
 
-    fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: Started usb(ppc) backend (PID %d)\n", (int)child_pid);
+    fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: Started usb(legacy) backend (PID %d)\n",
+            (int)child_pid);
 
     while ((waitpid_status = waitpid(child_pid, &childstatus, 0)) == (pid_t)-1 && errno == EINTR)
       usleep(1000);
 
     if (WIFSIGNALED(childstatus))
     {
-      exitstatus = WTERMSIG(childstatus);
-      fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: usb(ppc) backend %d crashed on signal %d!\n", child_pid, exitstatus);
+      exitstatus = CUPS_BACKEND_STOP;
+      fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: usb(legacy) backend %d crashed on signal %d\n",
+              child_pid, WTERMSIG(childstatus));
     }
     else
     {
       if ((exitstatus = WEXITSTATUS(childstatus)) != 0)
-       fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: usb(ppc) backend %d stopped with status %d!\n", child_pid, exitstatus);
+       fprintf(stderr,
+               "DEBUG: usb(legacy) backend %d stopped with status %d\n",
+               child_pid, exitstatus);
       else
-       fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: PID %d exited with no errors\n", child_pid);
+       fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: usb(legacy) backend %d exited with no errors\n",
+               child_pid);
     }
   }
   else
   {
-    fputs("DEBUG: usb child running i386 again\n", stderr);
-    exitstatus = ENOENT;
+    fputs("DEBUG: usb(legacy) backend running native again\n", stderr);
+    exitstatus = CUPS_BACKEND_STOP;
   }
 
   exit(exitstatus);
 }
+#endif /* __i386__ || __x86_64__ */
+
 
 /*
  * 'sigterm_handler()' - SIGTERM handler.
  */
 
-static void sigterm_handler(int sig)
+static void
+sigterm_handler(int sig)               /* I - Signal */
 {
-  /* If we started a child process pass the signal on to it...
-   */
+#if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
+ /*
+  * If we started a child process pass the signal on to it...
+  */
+
   if (child_pid)
+  {
+   /*
+    * If we started a child process pass the signal on to it...
+    */
+
+    int        status;
+
     kill(child_pid, sig);
+    while (waitpid(child_pid, &status, 0) < 0 && errno == EINTR);
 
-  exit(1);
+    if (WIFEXITED(status))
+      _exit(WEXITSTATUS(status));
+    else if (status == SIGTERM || status == SIGKILL)
+      _exit(0);
+    else
+    {
+      write(2, "DEBUG: Child crashed.\n", 22);
+      _exit(CUPS_BACKEND_STOP);
+    }
+  }
+#endif /* __i386__ || __x86_64__ */
 }
 
-#endif /* __i386__ */
+
+/*
+ * 'sigquit_handler()' - SIGQUIT handler.
+ */
+
+static void sigquit_handler(int sig, siginfo_t *si, void *unused)
+{
+  char  *path;
+  char pathbuf[PROC_PIDPATHINFO_MAXSIZE];
+  static char msgbuf[256] = "";
+
+
+  (void)sig;
+  (void)unused;
+
+  if (proc_pidpath(si->si_pid, pathbuf, sizeof(pathbuf)) > 0 &&
+      (path = basename(pathbuf)) != NULL)
+    snprintf(msgbuf, sizeof(msgbuf), "SIGQUIT sent by %s(%d)", path, (int)si->si_pid);
+  else
+    snprintf(msgbuf, sizeof(msgbuf), "SIGQUIT sent by PID %d", (int)si->si_pid);
+
+  CRSetCrashLogMessage(msgbuf);
+
+  abort();
+}
 
 
 #ifdef PARSE_PS_ERRORS
@@ -1905,9 +2336,9 @@ static void parse_pserror(char *sockBuffer,
       pCommentEnd += 3;            /* Skip past "]%%" */
       *pCommentEnd = '\0';         /* There's always room for the nul */
 
-      if (strncasecmp(pCommentBegin, "%%[ Error:", 10) == 0)
+      if (_cups_strncasecmp(pCommentBegin, "%%[ Error:", 10) == 0)
        logLevel = "DEBUG";
-      else if (strncasecmp(pCommentBegin, "%%[ Flushing", 12) == 0)
+      else if (_cups_strncasecmp(pCommentBegin, "%%[ Flushing", 12) == 0)
        logLevel = "DEBUG";
       else
        logLevel = "INFO";
@@ -1922,7 +2353,7 @@ static void parse_pserror(char *sockBuffer,
     }
 
     /* move everything over... */
-    strcpy(gErrorBuffer, pLineEnd);
+    strlcpy(gErrorBuffer, pLineEnd, sizeof(gErrorBuffer));
     gErrorBufferPtr = gErrorBuffer;
     pLineEnd = (char *)next_line((const char *)gErrorBuffer);
   }
@@ -1934,10 +2365,10 @@ static void parse_pserror(char *sockBuffer,
  * 'soft_reset()' - Send a soft reset to the device.
  */
 
-static void soft_reset()
+static void soft_reset(void)
 {
   fd_set         input_set;            /* Input set for select() */
-  struct timeval  stimeout;            /* Timeout for select() */
+  struct timeval  tv;                  /* Time value */
   char           buffer[2048];         /* Buffer */
   struct timespec cond_timeout;                /* pthread condition timeout */
 
@@ -1950,10 +2381,17 @@ static void soft_reset()
   {
     (*g.classdriver)->Abort(g.classdriver);
 
-    cond_timeout.tv_sec = time(NULL) + 1;
-    cond_timeout.tv_nsec = 0;
+    gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
+    cond_timeout.tv_sec  = tv.tv_sec + 1;
+    cond_timeout.tv_nsec = tv.tv_usec * 1000;
 
-    pthread_cond_timedwait(&g.readwrite_lock_cond, &g.readwrite_lock_mutex, &cond_timeout);
+    while (g.readwrite_lock)
+    {
+      if (pthread_cond_timedwait(&g.readwrite_lock_cond,
+                                &g.readwrite_lock_mutex,
+                                &cond_timeout) != 0)
+       break;
+    }
   }
 
   g.readwrite_lock = 1;
@@ -1968,10 +2406,10 @@ static void soft_reset()
   FD_ZERO(&input_set);
   FD_SET(g.print_fd, &input_set);
 
-  stimeout.tv_sec  = 0;
-  stimeout.tv_usec = 0;
+  tv.tv_sec  = 0;
+  tv.tv_usec = 0;
 
-  while (select(g.print_fd+1, &input_set, NULL, NULL, &stimeout) > 0)
+  while (select(g.print_fd+1, &input_set, NULL, NULL, &tv) > 0)
     if (read(g.print_fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer)) <= 0)
       break;
 
@@ -2000,22 +2438,32 @@ static void get_device_id(cups_sc_status_t *status,
                          char *data,
                          int *datalen)
 {
-  UInt32 deviceLocation = 0;
-  UInt8        interfaceNum = 0;
   CFStringRef deviceIDString = NULL;
 
-  /* GetDeviceID */
-  copy_devicestring(g.printer_obj, &deviceIDString, &deviceLocation, &interfaceNum);
+  if (g.printer_obj != IO_OBJECT_NULL)
+  {
+    printer_interface_t printerIntf = usb_printer_interface_interface(g.printer_obj);
+    if (printerIntf)
+    {
+      deviceIDString = copy_printer_interface_deviceid(printerIntf, g.alternateSetting);
+      (*printerIntf)->Release(printerIntf);
+    }
+  }
+
+
   if (deviceIDString)
   {
-    CFStringGetCString(deviceIDString, data, *datalen, kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
-    *datalen = strlen(data);
+    if (CFStringGetCString(deviceIDString, data, *datalen, kCFStringEncodingUTF8))
+      *datalen = (int)strlen(data);
+    else
+      *datalen = 0;
+
     CFRelease(deviceIDString);
   }
+  else
+  {
+    *datalen = 0;
+  }
+
   *status  = CUPS_SC_STATUS_OK;
 }
-
-
-/*
- * End of "$Id: usb-darwin.c 6993 2007-09-28 18:05:28Z mike $".
- */