]> git.ipfire.org Git - thirdparty/cups.git/blobdiff - cups/http.c
Migrate Windows conditional code to _WIN32 define.
[thirdparty/cups.git] / cups / http.c
index d5099b2721470dcba3d8694d2adc962fe150197b..794a213b2f030de9a386f65a0e72781ff16d30d4 100644 (file)
 /*
- * "$Id: http.c 7850 2008-08-20 00:07:25Z mike $"
+ * HTTP routines for CUPS.
  *
- *   HTTP routines for CUPS.
+ * Copyright 2007-2018 by Apple Inc.
+ * Copyright 1997-2007 by Easy Software Products, all rights reserved.
  *
- *   Copyright 2007-2012 by Apple Inc.
- *   Copyright 1997-2007 by Easy Software Products, all rights reserved.
+ * This file contains Kerberos support code, copyright 2006 by
+ * Jelmer Vernooij.
  *
- *   This file contains Kerberos support code, copyright 2006 by
- *   Jelmer Vernooij.
- *
- *   These coded instructions, statements, and computer programs are the
- *   property of Apple Inc. and are protected by Federal copyright
- *   law.  Distribution and use rights are outlined in the file "LICENSE.txt"
- *   which should have been included with this file.  If this file is
- *   file is missing or damaged, see the license at "http://www.cups.org/".
- *
- *   This file is subject to the Apple OS-Developed Software exception.
- *
- * Contents:
- *
- *   httpAcceptConnection()      - Accept a new HTTP client connection from
- *                                 the specified listening socket.
- *   httpAddCredential()         - Allocates and adds a single credential to
- *                                 an array.
- *   _httpBIOMethods()           - Get the OpenSSL BIO methods for HTTP
- *                                 connections.
- *   httpBlocking()              - Set blocking/non-blocking behavior on a
- *                                 connection.
- *   httpCheck()                 - Check to see if there is a pending response
- *                                 from the server.
- *   httpClearCookie()           - Clear the cookie value(s).
- *   httpClearFields()           - Clear HTTP request fields.
- *   httpClose()                 - Close an HTTP connection.
- *   httpConnect()               - Connect to a HTTP server.
- *   httpConnect2()              - Connect to a HTTP server.
- *   httpConnectEncrypt()        - Connect to a HTTP server using encryption.
- *   httpCopyCredentials()       - Copy the credentials associated with an
- *                                 encrypted connection.
- *   _httpCreate()               - Create an unconnected HTTP connection.
- *   _httpCreateCredentials()    - Create credentials in the internal format.
- *   httpDelete()                - Send a DELETE request to the server.
- *   _httpDisconnect()           - Disconnect a HTTP connection.
- *   httpEncryption()            - Set the required encryption on the link.
- *   httpError()                 - Get the last error on a connection.
- *   httpFlush()                 - Flush data from a HTTP connection.
- *   httpFlushWrite()            - Flush data in write buffer.
- *   _httpFreeCredentials()      - Free internal credentials.
- *   httpFreeCredentials()       - Free an array of credentials.
- *   httpGet()                   - Send a GET request to the server.
- *   httpGetContentEncoding()     - Get a common content encoding, if any,
- *                                  between the client and server.
- *   httpGetAuthString()         - Get the current authorization string.
- *   httpGetBlocking()           - Get the blocking/non-block state of a
- *                                 connection.
- *   httpGetCookie()             - Get any cookie data from the response.
- *   httpGetExpect()              - Get the value of the Expect header, if any.
- *   httpGetFd()                 - Get the file descriptor associated with a
- *                                 connection.
- *   httpGetField()              - Get a field value from a request/response.
- *   httpGetLength()             - Get the amount of data remaining from the
- *                                 content-length or transfer-encoding fields.
- *   httpGetLength2()            - Get the amount of data remaining from the
- *                                 content-length or transfer-encoding fields.
- *   httpGets()                  - Get a line of text from a HTTP connection.
- *   httpGetState()              - Get the current state of the HTTP request.
- *   httpGetStatus()             - Get the status of the last HTTP request.
- *   httpGetSubField()           - Get a sub-field value.
- *   httpGetSubField2()          - Get a sub-field value.
- *   httpGetVersion()            - Get the HTTP version at the other end.
- *   httpHead()                  - Send a HEAD request to the server.
- *   httpInitialize()            - Initialize the HTTP interface library and
- *                                 set the default HTTP proxy (if any).
- *   httpOptions()               - Send an OPTIONS request to the server.
- *   httpPeek()                  - Peek at data from a HTTP connection.
- *   httpPost()                  - Send a POST request to the server.
- *   httpPrintf()                - Print a formatted string to a HTTP
- *                                 connection.
- *   httpPut()                   - Send a PUT request to the server.
- *   httpRead()                  - Read data from a HTTP connection.
- *   httpRead2()                 - Read data from a HTTP connection.
- *   _httpReadCDSA()             - Read function for the CDSA library.
- *   _httpReadGNUTLS()           - Read function for the GNU TLS library.
- *   httpReadRequest()           - Read a HTTP request from a connection.
- *   httpReconnect()             - Reconnect to a HTTP server.
- *   httpReconnect2()            - Reconnect to a HTTP server with timeout and
- *                                 optional cancel.
- *   httpSetAuthString()         - Set the current authorization string.
- *   httpSetCredentials()        - Set the credentials associated with an
- *                                 encrypted connection.
- *   httpSetCookie()             - Set the cookie value(s).
- *   httpSetExpect()             - Set the Expect: header in a request.
- *   httpSetField()              - Set the value of an HTTP header.
- *   httpSetLength()             - Set the content-length and
- *                                 content-encoding.
- *   httpSetTimeout()            - Set read/write timeouts and an optional
- *                                 callback.
- *   httpTrace()                 - Send an TRACE request to the server.
- *   _httpUpdate()               - Update the current HTTP status for incoming
- *                                 data.
- *   httpUpdate()                - Update the current HTTP state for incoming
- *                                 data.
- *   _httpWait()                 - Wait for data available on a connection (no
- *                                 flush).
- *   httpWait()                  - Wait for data available on a connection.
- *   httpWrite()                 - Write data to a HTTP connection.
- *   httpWrite2()                - Write data to a HTTP connection.
- *   _httpWriteCDSA()            - Write function for the CDSA library.
- *   _httpWriteGNUTLS()          - Write function for the GNU TLS library.
- *   httpWriteResponse()         - Write a HTTP response to a client
- *                                 connection.
- *   http_bio_ctrl()             - Control the HTTP connection.
- *   http_bio_free()             - Free OpenSSL data.
- *   http_bio_new()              - Initialize an OpenSSL BIO structure.
- *   http_bio_puts()             - Send a string for OpenSSL.
- *   http_bio_read()             - Read data for OpenSSL.
- *   http_bio_write()            - Write data for OpenSSL.
- *   http_content_coding_finish() - Finish doing any content encoding.
- *   http_content_coding_start()  - Start doing content encoding.
- *   http_debug_hex()            - Do a hex dump of a buffer.
- *   http_field()                - Return the field index for a field name.
- *   http_read_ssl()             - Read from a SSL/TLS connection.
- *   http_send()                 - Send a request with all fields and the
- *                                 trailing blank line.
- *   http_set_credentials()      - Set the SSL/TLS credentials.
- *   http_set_length()            - Set the data_encoding and data_remaining
- *                                  values.
- *   http_set_timeout()          - Set the socket timeout values.
- *   http_set_wait()             - Set the default wait value for reads.
- *   http_setup_ssl()            - Set up SSL/TLS support on a connection.
- *   http_shutdown_ssl()         - Shut down SSL/TLS on a connection.
- *   http_upgrade()              - Force upgrade to TLS encryption.
- *   http_write()                - Write a buffer to a HTTP connection.
- *   http_write_chunk()          - Write a chunked buffer.
- *   http_write_ssl()            - Write to a SSL/TLS connection.
+ * Licensed under Apache License v2.0.  See the file "LICENSE" for more
+ * information.
  */
 
 /*
 #include "cups-private.h"
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <math.h>
-#ifdef WIN32
+#ifdef _WIN32
 #  include <tchar.h>
 #else
 #  include <signal.h>
 #  include <sys/time.h>
 #  include <sys/resource.h>
-#endif /* WIN32 */
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
 #ifdef HAVE_POLL
 #  include <poll.h>
 #endif /* HAVE_POLL */
  * Local functions...
  */
 
+static void            http_add_field(http_t *http, http_field_t field, const char *value, int append);
 #ifdef HAVE_LIBZ
 static void            http_content_coding_finish(http_t *http);
 static void            http_content_coding_start(http_t *http,
                                                  const char *value);
 #endif /* HAVE_LIBZ */
+static http_t          *http_create(const char *host, int port,
+                                    http_addrlist_t *addrlist, int family,
+                                    http_encryption_t encryption,
+                                    int blocking, _http_mode_t mode);
 #ifdef DEBUG
 static void            http_debug_hex(const char *prefix, const char *buffer,
                                       int bytes);
 #endif /* DEBUG */
-static http_field_t    http_field(const char *name);
+static ssize_t         http_read(http_t *http, char *buffer, size_t length);
+static ssize_t         http_read_buffered(http_t *http, char *buffer, size_t length);
+static ssize_t         http_read_chunk(http_t *http, char *buffer, size_t length);
 static int             http_send(http_t *http, http_state_t request,
                                  const char *uri);
-static int             http_write(http_t *http, const char *buffer,
-                                  int length);
-static int             http_write_chunk(http_t *http, const char *buffer,
-                                        int length);
-#ifdef HAVE_SSL
-static int             http_read_ssl(http_t *http, char *buf, int len);
-#  if defined(HAVE_CDSASSL) && defined(HAVE_SECCERTIFICATECOPYDATA)
-static int             http_set_credentials(http_t *http);
-#  endif /* HAVE_CDSASSL ** HAVE_SECCERTIFICATECOPYDATA */
-#endif /* HAVE_SSL */
+static ssize_t         http_write(http_t *http, const char *buffer,
+                                  size_t length);
+static ssize_t         http_write_chunk(http_t *http, const char *buffer,
+                                        size_t length);
 static off_t           http_set_length(http_t *http);
 static void            http_set_timeout(int fd, double timeout);
 static void            http_set_wait(http_t *http);
+
 #ifdef HAVE_SSL
-static int             http_setup_ssl(http_t *http);
-static void            http_shutdown_ssl(http_t *http);
-static int             http_upgrade(http_t *http);
-static int             http_write_ssl(http_t *http, const char *buf, int len);
+static int             http_tls_upgrade(http_t *http);
 #endif /* HAVE_SSL */
 
 
@@ -226,65 +101,16 @@ static const char * const http_fields[] =
                          "WWW-Authenticate",
                          "Accept-Encoding",
                          "Allow",
-                         "Server"
-                       };
-#ifdef DEBUG
-static const char * const http_states[] =
-                       {
-                         "HTTP_STATE_ERROR",
-                         "HTTP_STATE_WAITING",
-                         "HTTP_STATE_OPTIONS",
-                         "HTTP_STATE_GET",
-                         "HTTP_STATE_GET_SEND",
-                         "HTTP_STATE_HEAD",
-                         "HTTP_STATE_POST",
-                         "HTTP_STATE_POST_RECV",
-                         "HTTP_STATE_POST_SEND",
-                         "HTTP_STATE_PUT",
-                         "HTTP_STATE_PUT_RECV",
-                         "HTTP_STATE_DELETE",
-                         "HTTP_STATE_TRACE",
-                         "HTTP_STATE_CONNECT",
-                         "HTTP_STATE_STATUS",
-                         "HTTP_STATE_UNKNOWN_METHOD",
-                         "HTTP_STATE_UNKNOWN_VERSION"
-                       };
-#endif /* DEBUG */
-
-
-#if defined(HAVE_SSL) && defined(HAVE_LIBSSL)
-/*
- * BIO methods for OpenSSL...
- */
-
-static int             http_bio_write(BIO *h, const char *buf, int num);
-static int             http_bio_read(BIO *h, char *buf, int size);
-static int             http_bio_puts(BIO *h, const char *str);
-static long            http_bio_ctrl(BIO *h, int cmd, long arg1, void *arg2);
-static int             http_bio_new(BIO *h);
-static int             http_bio_free(BIO *data);
-
-static BIO_METHOD      http_bio_methods =
-                       {
-                         BIO_TYPE_SOCKET,
-                         "http",
-                         http_bio_write,
-                         http_bio_read,
-                         http_bio_puts,
-                         NULL, /* http_bio_gets, */
-                         http_bio_ctrl,
-                         http_bio_new,
-                         http_bio_free,
-                         NULL,
+                         "Server",
+                         "Authentication-Info"
                        };
-#endif /* HAVE_SSL && HAVE_LIBSSL */
 
 
 /*
  * 'httpAcceptConnection()' - Accept a new HTTP client connection from the
  *                            specified listening socket.
  *
- * @since CUPS 1.7@
+ * @since CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9@
  */
 
 http_t *                               /* O - HTTP connection or @code NULL@ */
@@ -311,7 +137,7 @@ httpAcceptConnection(int fd,                /* I - Listen socket file descriptor */
 
   memset(&addrlist, 0, sizeof(addrlist));
 
-  if ((http = _httpCreate(NULL, 0, &addrlist, AF_UNSPEC,
+  if ((http = http_create(NULL, 0, &addrlist, AF_UNSPEC,
                           HTTP_ENCRYPTION_IF_REQUESTED, blocking,
                           _HTTP_MODE_SERVER)) == NULL)
     return (NULL);
@@ -331,8 +157,12 @@ httpAcceptConnection(int fd,               /* I - Listen socket file descriptor */
     return (NULL);
   }
 
-  httpAddrString(&(http->addrlist->addr), http->hostname,
-                sizeof(http->hostname));
+  http->hostaddr = &(http->addrlist->addr);
+
+  if (httpAddrLocalhost(http->hostaddr))
+    strlcpy(http->hostname, "localhost", sizeof(http->hostname));
+  else
+    httpAddrString(http->hostaddr, http->hostname, sizeof(http->hostname));
 
 #ifdef SO_NOSIGPIPE
  /*
@@ -340,7 +170,7 @@ httpAcceptConnection(int fd,                /* I - Listen socket file descriptor */
   */
 
   val = 1;
-  setsockopt(http->fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_NOSIGPIPE, &val, sizeof(val));
+  setsockopt(http->fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_NOSIGPIPE, CUPS_SOCAST &val, sizeof(val));
 #endif /* SO_NOSIGPIPE */
 
  /*
@@ -351,7 +181,7 @@ httpAcceptConnection(int fd,                /* I - Listen socket file descriptor */
   */
 
   val = 1;
-  setsockopt(http->fd, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, (char *)&val, sizeof(val));
+  setsockopt(http->fd, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, CUPS_SOCAST &val, sizeof(val));
 
 #ifdef FD_CLOEXEC
  /*
@@ -370,7 +200,7 @@ httpAcceptConnection(int fd,                /* I - Listen socket file descriptor */
  *
  * Use @code cupsArrayNew(NULL, NULL)@ to create a credentials array.
  *
- * @since CUPS 1.5/OS X 10.7@
+ * @since CUPS 1.5/macOS 10.7@
  */
 
 int                                    /* O - 0 on success, -1 on error */
@@ -400,25 +230,12 @@ httpAddCredential(
 }
 
 
-#if defined(HAVE_SSL) && defined(HAVE_LIBSSL)
-/*
- * '_httpBIOMethods()' - Get the OpenSSL BIO methods for HTTP connections.
- */
-
-BIO_METHOD *                           /* O - BIO methods for OpenSSL */
-_httpBIOMethods(void)
-{
-  return (&http_bio_methods);
-}
-#endif /* HAVE_SSL && HAVE_LIBSSL */
-
-
 /*
  * 'httpBlocking()' - Set blocking/non-blocking behavior on a connection.
  */
 
 void
-httpBlocking(http_t *http,             /* I - Connection to server */
+httpBlocking(http_t *http,             /* I - HTTP connection */
              int    b)                 /* I - 1 = blocking, 0 = non-blocking */
 {
   if (http)
@@ -434,7 +251,7 @@ httpBlocking(http_t *http,          /* I - Connection to server */
  */
 
 int                                    /* O - 0 = no data, 1 = data available */
-httpCheck(http_t *http)                        /* I - Connection to server */
+httpCheck(http_t *http)                        /* I - HTTP connection */
 {
   return (httpWait(http, 0));
 }
@@ -443,11 +260,11 @@ httpCheck(http_t *http)                   /* I - Connection to server */
 /*
  * 'httpClearCookie()' - Clear the cookie value(s).
  *
- * @since CUPS 1.1.19/OS X 10.3@
+ * @since CUPS 1.1.19/macOS 10.3@
  */
 
 void
-httpClearCookie(http_t *http)          /* I - Connection to server */
+httpClearCookie(http_t *http)          /* I - HTTP connection */
 {
   if (!http)
     return;
@@ -465,13 +282,24 @@ httpClearCookie(http_t *http)             /* I - Connection to server */
  */
 
 void
-httpClearFields(http_t *http)          /* I - Connection to server */
+httpClearFields(http_t *http)          /* I - HTTP connection */
 {
-  DEBUG_printf(("httpClearFields(http=%p)", http));
+  http_field_t field;                  /* Current field */
+
+
+  DEBUG_printf(("httpClearFields(http=%p)", (void *)http));
 
   if (http)
   {
-    memset(http->fields, 0, sizeof(http->fields));
+    memset(http->_fields, 0, sizeof(http->fields));
+
+    for (field = HTTP_FIELD_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE; field < HTTP_FIELD_MAX; field ++)
+    {
+      if (http->fields[field] && http->fields[field] != http->_fields[field])
+        free(http->fields[field]);
+
+      http->fields[field] = NULL;
+    }
 
     if (http->mode == _HTTP_MODE_CLIENT)
     {
@@ -481,30 +309,6 @@ httpClearFields(http_t *http)              /* I - Connection to server */
        httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_HOST, http->hostname);
     }
 
-    if (http->field_authorization)
-    {
-      free(http->field_authorization);
-      http->field_authorization = NULL;
-    }
-
-    if (http->accept_encoding)
-    {
-      _cupsStrFree(http->accept_encoding);
-      http->accept_encoding = NULL;
-    }
-
-    if (http->allow)
-    {
-      _cupsStrFree(http->allow);
-      http->allow = NULL;
-    }
-
-    if (http->server)
-    {
-      _cupsStrFree(http->server);
-      http->server = NULL;
-    }
-
     http->expect = (http_status_t)0;
   }
 }
@@ -515,14 +319,14 @@ httpClearFields(http_t *http)             /* I - Connection to server */
  */
 
 void
-httpClose(http_t *http)                        /* I - Connection to server */
+httpClose(http_t *http)                        /* I - HTTP connection */
 {
 #ifdef HAVE_GSSAPI
   OM_uint32    minor_status;           /* Minor status code */
 #endif /* HAVE_GSSAPI */
 
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("httpClose(http=%p)", http));
+  DEBUG_printf(("httpClose(http=%p)", (void *)http));
 
  /*
   * Range check input...
@@ -568,60 +372,82 @@ httpClose(http_t *http)                   /* I - Connection to server */
 }
 
 
+/*
+ * 'httpCompareCredentials()' - Compare two sets of X.509 credentials.
+ *
+ * @since CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10@
+ */
+
+int                                    /* O - 1 if they match, 0 if they do not */
+httpCompareCredentials(
+    cups_array_t *cred1,               /* I - First set of X.509 credentials */
+    cups_array_t *cred2)               /* I - Second set of X.509 credentials */
+{
+  http_credential_t    *temp1, *temp2; /* Temporary credentials */
+
+
+  for (temp1 = (http_credential_t *)cupsArrayFirst(cred1), temp2 = (http_credential_t *)cupsArrayFirst(cred2); temp1 && temp2; temp1 = (http_credential_t *)cupsArrayNext(cred1), temp2 = (http_credential_t *)cupsArrayNext(cred2))
+    if (temp1->datalen != temp2->datalen)
+      return (0);
+    else if (memcmp(temp1->data, temp2->data, temp1->datalen))
+      return (0);
+
+  return (temp1 == temp2);
+}
+
+
 /*
  * 'httpConnect()' - Connect to a HTTP server.
  *
  * This function is deprecated - use @link httpConnect2@ instead.
  *
- * @deprecated@
+ * @deprecated@ @exclude all@
  */
 
 http_t *                               /* O - New HTTP connection */
 httpConnect(const char *host,          /* I - Host to connect to */
             int        port)           /* I - Port number */
 {
-  return (httpConnect2(host, port, NULL, AF_UNSPEC, HTTP_ENCRYPT_IF_REQUESTED,
-                       1, 30000, NULL));
+  return (httpConnect2(host, port, NULL, AF_UNSPEC,
+                       HTTP_ENCRYPTION_IF_REQUESTED, 1, 30000, NULL));
 }
 
 
 /*
  * 'httpConnect2()' - Connect to a HTTP server.
  *
- * @since CUPS 1.7@
+ * @since CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9@
  */
 
 http_t *                               /* O - New HTTP connection */
 httpConnect2(
     const char        *host,           /* I - Host to connect to */
     int               port,            /* I - Port number */
-    http_addrlist_t   *addrlist,       /* I - List of addresses or NULL to lookup */
+    http_addrlist_t   *addrlist,       /* I - List of addresses or @code NULL@ to lookup */
     int               family,          /* I - Address family to use or @code AF_UNSPEC@ for any */
     http_encryption_t encryption,      /* I - Type of encryption to use */
     int               blocking,                /* I - 1 for blocking connection, 0 for non-blocking */
-    int               msec,            /* I - Connection timeout in milliseconds */
+    int               msec,            /* I - Connection timeout in milliseconds, 0 means don't connect */
     int               *cancel)         /* I - Pointer to "cancel" variable */
 {
   http_t       *http;                  /* New HTTP connection */
 
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("httpConnect2(host=\"%s\", port=%d, addrlist=%p, family=%d, "
-                "encryption=%d, blocking=%d, msec=%d, cancel=%p)", host, port,
-                addrlist, family, encryption, blocking, msec, cancel));
+  DEBUG_printf(("httpConnect2(host=\"%s\", port=%d, addrlist=%p, family=%d, encryption=%d, blocking=%d, msec=%d, cancel=%p)", host, port, (void *)addrlist, family, encryption, blocking, msec, (void *)cancel));
 
  /*
   * Create the HTTP structure...
   */
 
-  if ((http = _httpCreate(host, port, addrlist, family, encryption, blocking,
+  if ((http = http_create(host, port, addrlist, family, encryption, blocking,
                           _HTTP_MODE_CLIENT)) == NULL)
     return (NULL);
 
  /*
-  * Connect to the remote system...
+  * Optionally connect to the remote system...
   */
 
-  if (!httpReconnect2(http, msec, cancel))
+  if (msec == 0 || !httpReconnect2(http, msec, cancel))
     return (http);
 
  /*
@@ -640,7 +466,7 @@ httpConnect2(
  * This function is now deprecated. Please use the @link httpConnect2@ function
  * instead.
  *
- * @deprecated@
+ * @deprecated@ @exclude all@
  */
 
 http_t *                               /* O - New HTTP connection */
@@ -657,231 +483,15 @@ httpConnectEncrypt(
 }
 
 
-/*
- * 'httpCopyCredentials()' - Copy the credentials associated with an encrypted
- *                          connection.
- *
- * @since CUPS 1.5/OS X 10.7@
- */
-
-int                                    /* O - Status of call (0 = success) */
-httpCopyCredentials(
-    http_t      *http,                 /* I - Connection to server */
-    cups_array_t **credentials)                /* O - Array of credentials */
-{
-#  ifdef HAVE_LIBSSL
-#  elif defined(HAVE_GNUTLS)
-#  elif defined(HAVE_CDSASSL) && defined(HAVE_SECCERTIFICATECOPYDATA)
-  OSStatus             error;          /* Error code */
-  CFIndex              count;          /* Number of credentials */
-  CFArrayRef           peerCerts;      /* Peer certificates */
-  SecCertificateRef    secCert;        /* Certificate reference */
-  CFDataRef            data;           /* Certificate data */
-  int                  i;              /* Looping var */
-#  elif defined(HAVE_SSPISSL)
-#  endif /* HAVE_LIBSSL */
-
-
-  if (credentials)
-    *credentials = NULL;
-
-  if (!http || !http->tls || !credentials)
-    return (-1);
-
-#  ifdef HAVE_LIBSSL
-  return (-1);
-
-#  elif defined(HAVE_GNUTLS)
-  return (-1);
-
-#  elif defined(HAVE_CDSASSL) && defined(HAVE_SECCERTIFICATECOPYDATA)
-  if (!(error = SSLCopyPeerCertificates(http->tls, &peerCerts)) && peerCerts)
-  {
-    if ((*credentials = cupsArrayNew(NULL, NULL)) != NULL)
-    {
-      for (i = 0, count = CFArrayGetCount(peerCerts); i < count; i++)
-      {
-       secCert = (SecCertificateRef)CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(peerCerts, i);
-       if ((data = SecCertificateCopyData(secCert)))
-       {
-         httpAddCredential(*credentials, CFDataGetBytePtr(data),
-                           CFDataGetLength(data));
-         CFRelease(data);
-       }
-      }
-    }
-
-    CFRelease(peerCerts);
-  }
-
-  return (error);
-
-#  elif defined(HAVE_SSPISSL)
-  return (-1);
-
-#  else
-  return (-1);
-#  endif /* HAVE_LIBSSL */
-}
-
-
-/*
- * '_httpCreate()' - Create an unconnected HTTP connection.
- */
-
-http_t *                               /* O - HTTP connection */
-_httpCreate(
-    const char        *host,           /* I - Hostname */
-    int               port,            /* I - Port number */
-    http_addrlist_t   *addrlist,       /* I - Address list or NULL */
-    int               family,          /* I - Address family or AF_UNSPEC */
-    http_encryption_t encryption,      /* I - Encryption to use */
-    int               blocking,                /* I - 1 for blocking mode */
-    _http_mode_t      mode)            /* I - _HTTP_MODE_CLIENT or _SERVER */
-{
-  http_t       *http;                  /* New HTTP connection */
-  char         service[255];           /* Service name */
-  http_addrlist_t *myaddrlist = NULL;  /* My address list */
-
-
-  DEBUG_printf(("4_httpCreate(host=\"%s\", port=%d, addrlist=%p, family=%d, "
-                "encryption=%d, blocking=%d, mode=%d)", host, port, addrlist,
-                family, encryption, blocking, mode));
-
-  if (!host && mode == _HTTP_MODE_CLIENT)
-    return (NULL);
-
-  httpInitialize();
-
- /*
-  * Lookup the host...
-  */
-
-  if (addrlist)
-  {
-    myaddrlist = httpAddrCopyList(addrlist);
-  }
-  else
-  {
-    snprintf(service, sizeof(service), "%d", port);
-
-    myaddrlist = httpAddrGetList(host, family, service);
-  }
-
-  if (!myaddrlist)
-    return (NULL);
-
- /*
-  * Allocate memory for the structure...
-  */
-
-  if ((http = calloc(sizeof(http_t), 1)) == NULL)
-  {
-    _cupsSetError(IPP_INTERNAL_ERROR, strerror(errno), 0);
-    httpAddrFreeList(addrlist);
-    return (NULL);
-  }
-
- /*
-  * Initialize the HTTP data...
-  */
-
-  http->mode     = mode;
-  http->activity = time(NULL);
-  http->addrlist = myaddrlist;
-  http->blocking = blocking;
-  http->fd       = -1;
-#ifdef HAVE_GSSAPI
-  http->gssctx   = GSS_C_NO_CONTEXT;
-  http->gssname  = GSS_C_NO_NAME;
-#endif /* HAVE_GSSAPI */
-  http->version  = HTTP_VERSION_1_1;
-
-  if (host)
-    strlcpy(http->hostname, host, sizeof(http->hostname));
-
-  if (port == 443)                     /* Always use encryption for https */
-    http->encryption = HTTP_ENCRYPTION_ALWAYS;
-  else
-    http->encryption = encryption;
-
-  http_set_wait(http);
-
- /*
-  * Return the new structure...
-  */
-
-  return (http);
-}
-
-
-/*
- * '_httpCreateCredentials()' - Create credentials in the internal format.
- */
-
-http_tls_credentials_t                 /* O - Internal credentials */
-_httpCreateCredentials(
-    cups_array_t *credentials)         /* I - Array of credentials */
-{
-  if (!credentials)
-    return (NULL);
-
-#  ifdef HAVE_LIBSSL
-  return (NULL);
-
-#  elif defined(HAVE_GNUTLS)
-  return (NULL);
-
-#  elif defined(HAVE_CDSASSL) && defined(HAVE_SECCERTIFICATECOPYDATA)
-  CFMutableArrayRef    peerCerts;      /* Peer credentials reference */
-  SecCertificateRef    secCert;        /* Certificate reference */
-  CFDataRef            data;           /* Credential data reference */
-  http_credential_t    *credential;    /* Credential data */
-
-
-  if ((peerCerts = CFArrayCreateMutable(kCFAllocatorDefault,
-                                       cupsArrayCount(credentials),
-                                       &kCFTypeArrayCallBacks)) == NULL)
-    return (NULL);
-
-  for (credential = (http_credential_t *)cupsArrayFirst(credentials);
-       credential;
-       credential = (http_credential_t *)cupsArrayNext(credentials))
-  {
-    if ((data = CFDataCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, credential->data,
-                            credential->datalen)))
-    {
-      if ((secCert = SecCertificateCreateWithData(kCFAllocatorDefault, data))
-              != NULL)
-      {
-       CFArrayAppendValue(peerCerts, secCert);
-       CFRelease(secCert);
-      }
-
-      CFRelease(data);
-    }
-  }
-
-  return (peerCerts);
-
-#  elif defined(HAVE_SSPISSL)
-  return (NULL);
-
-#  else
-  return (NULL);
-#  endif /* HAVE_LIBSSL */
-}
-
-
 /*
  * 'httpDelete()' - Send a DELETE request to the server.
  */
 
 int                                    /* O - Status of call (0 = success) */
-httpDelete(http_t     *http,           /* I - Connection to server */
+httpDelete(http_t     *http,           /* I - HTTP connection */
            const char *uri)            /* I - URI to delete */
 {
-  return (http_send(http, HTTP_DELETE, uri));
+  return (http_send(http, HTTP_STATE_DELETE, uri));
 }
 
 
@@ -890,18 +500,14 @@ httpDelete(http_t     *http,              /* I - Connection to server */
  */
 
 void
-_httpDisconnect(http_t *http)          /* I - Connection to server */
+_httpDisconnect(http_t *http)          /* I - HTTP connection */
 {
 #ifdef HAVE_SSL
   if (http->tls)
-    http_shutdown_ssl(http);
+    _httpTLSStop(http);
 #endif /* HAVE_SSL */
 
-#ifdef WIN32
-  closesocket(http->fd);
-#else
-  close(http->fd);
-#endif /* WIN32 */
+  httpAddrClose(NULL, http->fd);
 
   http->fd = -1;
 }
@@ -912,26 +518,40 @@ _httpDisconnect(http_t *http)             /* I - Connection to server */
  */
 
 int                                    /* O - -1 on error, 0 on success */
-httpEncryption(http_t            *http,        /* I - Connection to server */
+httpEncryption(http_t            *http,        /* I - HTTP connection */
                http_encryption_t e)    /* I - New encryption preference */
 {
-  DEBUG_printf(("httpEncryption(http=%p, e=%d)", http, e));
+  DEBUG_printf(("httpEncryption(http=%p, e=%d)", (void *)http, e));
 
 #ifdef HAVE_SSL
   if (!http)
     return (0);
 
-  http->encryption = e;
+  if (http->mode == _HTTP_MODE_CLIENT)
+  {
+    http->encryption = e;
 
-  if ((http->encryption == HTTP_ENCRYPT_ALWAYS && !http->tls) ||
-      (http->encryption == HTTP_ENCRYPT_NEVER && http->tls))
-    return (httpReconnect(http));
-  else if (http->encryption == HTTP_ENCRYPT_REQUIRED && !http->tls)
-    return (http_upgrade(http));
+    if ((http->encryption == HTTP_ENCRYPTION_ALWAYS && !http->tls) ||
+        (http->encryption == HTTP_ENCRYPTION_NEVER && http->tls))
+      return (httpReconnect2(http, 30000, NULL));
+    else if (http->encryption == HTTP_ENCRYPTION_REQUIRED && !http->tls)
+      return (http_tls_upgrade(http));
+    else
+      return (0);
+  }
   else
-    return (0);
+  {
+    if (e == HTTP_ENCRYPTION_NEVER && http->tls)
+      return (-1);
+
+    http->encryption = e;
+    if (e != HTTP_ENCRYPTION_IF_REQUESTED && !http->tls)
+      return (_httpTLSStart(http));
+    else
+      return (0);
+  }
 #else
-  if (e == HTTP_ENCRYPT_ALWAYS || e == HTTP_ENCRYPT_REQUIRED)
+  if (e == HTTP_ENCRYPTION_ALWAYS || e == HTTP_ENCRYPTION_REQUIRED)
     return (-1);
   else
     return (0);
@@ -944,7 +564,7 @@ httpEncryption(http_t            *http,     /* I - Connection to server */
  */
 
 int                                    /* O - Error code (errno) value */
-httpError(http_t *http)                        /* I - Connection to server */
+httpError(http_t *http)                        /* I - HTTP connection */
 {
   if (http)
     return (http->error);
@@ -954,19 +574,44 @@ httpError(http_t *http)                   /* I - Connection to server */
 
 
 /*
- * 'httpFlush()' - Flush data from a HTTP connection.
+ * 'httpFieldValue()' - Return the HTTP field enumeration value for a field
+ *                      name.
+ */
+
+http_field_t                           /* O - Field index */
+httpFieldValue(const char *name)       /* I - String name */
+{
+  int  i;                              /* Looping var */
+
+
+  for (i = 0; i < HTTP_FIELD_MAX; i ++)
+    if (!_cups_strcasecmp(name, http_fields[i]))
+      return ((http_field_t)i);
+
+  return (HTTP_FIELD_UNKNOWN);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * 'httpFlush()' - Flush data read from a HTTP connection.
  */
 
 void
-httpFlush(http_t *http)                        /* I - Connection to server */
+httpFlush(http_t *http)                        /* I - HTTP connection */
 {
   char         buffer[8192];           /* Junk buffer */
   int          blocking;               /* To block or not to block */
   http_state_t oldstate;               /* Old state */
 
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("httpFlush(http=%p), state=%s", http,
-                http_states[http->state + 1]));
+  DEBUG_printf(("httpFlush(http=%p), state=%s", (void *)http, httpStateString(http->state)));
+
+ /*
+  * Nothing to do if we are in the "waiting" state...
+  */
+
+  if (http->state == HTTP_STATE_WAITING)
+    return;
 
  /*
   * Temporarily set non-blocking mode so we don't get stuck in httpRead()...
@@ -1007,14 +652,10 @@ httpFlush(http_t *http)                  /* I - Connection to server */
 
 #ifdef HAVE_SSL
     if (http->tls)
-      http_shutdown_ssl(http);
+      _httpTLSStop(http);
 #endif /* HAVE_SSL */
 
-#ifdef WIN32
-    closesocket(http->fd);
-#else
-    close(http->fd);
-#endif /* WIN32 */
+    httpAddrClose(NULL, http->fd);
 
     http->fd = -1;
   }
@@ -1022,19 +663,18 @@ httpFlush(http_t *http)                  /* I - Connection to server */
 
 
 /*
- * 'httpFlushWrite()' - Flush data in write buffer.
+ * 'httpFlushWrite()' - Flush data written to a HTTP connection.
  *
- * @since CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5@
+ * @since CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5@
  */
 
 int                                    /* O - Bytes written or -1 on error */
-httpFlushWrite(http_t *http)           /* I - Connection to server */
+httpFlushWrite(http_t *http)           /* I - HTTP connection */
 {
-  int  bytes;                          /* Bytes written */
+  ssize_t      bytes;                  /* Bytes written */
 
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("httpFlushWrite(http=%p) data_encoding=%d", http,
-                http ? http->data_encoding : -1));
+  DEBUG_printf(("httpFlushWrite(http=%p) data_encoding=%d", (void *)http, http ? http->data_encoding : 100));
 
   if (!http || !http->wused)
   {
@@ -1044,42 +684,15 @@ httpFlushWrite(http_t *http)             /* I - Connection to server */
   }
 
   if (http->data_encoding == HTTP_ENCODING_CHUNKED)
-    bytes = http_write_chunk(http, http->wbuffer, http->wused);
+    bytes = http_write_chunk(http, http->wbuffer, (size_t)http->wused);
   else
-    bytes = http_write(http, http->wbuffer, http->wused);
+    bytes = http_write(http, http->wbuffer, (size_t)http->wused);
 
   http->wused = 0;
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("1httpFlushWrite: Returning %d, errno=%d.", bytes, errno));
+  DEBUG_printf(("1httpFlushWrite: Returning %d, errno=%d.", (int)bytes, errno));
 
-  return (bytes);
-}
-
-
-/*
- * '_httpFreeCredentials()' - Free internal credentials.
- */
-
-void
-_httpFreeCredentials(
-    http_tls_credentials_t credentials)        /* I - Internal credentials */
-{
-  if (!credentials)
-    return;
-
-#ifdef HAVE_LIBSSL
-  (void)credentials;
-
-#elif defined(HAVE_GNUTLS)
-  (void)credentials;
-
-#elif defined(HAVE_CDSASSL)
-  CFRelease(credentials);
-
-#elif defined(HAVE_SSPISSL)
-  (void)credentials;
-
-#endif /* HAVE_LIBSSL */
+  return ((int)bytes);
 }
 
 
@@ -1112,15 +725,64 @@ httpFreeCredentials(
  */
 
 int                                    /* O - Status of call (0 = success) */
-httpGet(http_t     *http,              /* I - Connection to server */
+httpGet(http_t     *http,              /* I - HTTP connection */
         const char *uri)               /* I - URI to get */
 {
-  return (http_send(http, HTTP_GET, uri));
+  return (http_send(http, HTTP_STATE_GET, uri));
 }
 
 
 /*
- * 'httpGetContentEncoding()' - Get a common content encoding, if any, between
+ * 'httpGetActivity()' - Get the most recent activity for a connection.
+ *
+ * The return value is the time in seconds of the last read or write.
+ *
+ * @since CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10@
+ */
+
+time_t                                 /* O - Time of last read or write */
+httpGetActivity(http_t *http)          /* I - HTTP connection */
+{
+  return (http ? http->activity : 0);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * 'httpGetAuthString()' - Get the current authorization string.
+ *
+ * The authorization string is set by @link cupsDoAuthentication@ and
+ * @link httpSetAuthString@.  Use @link httpGetAuthString@ to retrieve the
+ * string to use with @link httpSetField@ for the
+ * @code HTTP_FIELD_AUTHORIZATION@ value.
+ *
+ * @since CUPS 1.3/macOS 10.5@
+ */
+
+char *                                 /* O - Authorization string */
+httpGetAuthString(http_t *http)                /* I - HTTP connection */
+{
+  if (http)
+    return (http->authstring);
+  else
+    return (NULL);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * 'httpGetBlocking()' - Get the blocking/non-block state of a connection.
+ *
+ * @since CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5@
+ */
+
+int                                    /* O - 1 if blocking, 0 if non-blocking */
+httpGetBlocking(http_t *http)          /* I - HTTP connection */
+{
+  return (http ? http->blocking : 0);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * 'httpGetContentEncoding()' - Get a common content encoding, if any, between
  *                              the client and server.
  *
  * This function uses the value of the Accepts-Encoding HTTP header and must be
@@ -1128,16 +790,16 @@ httpGet(http_t     *http,                /* I - Connection to server */
  * client.  The value returned can be use in subsequent requests (for clients)
  * or in the response (for servers) in order to compress the content stream.
  *
- * @since CUPS 1.7@
+ * @since CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9@
  */
 
 const char *                           /* O - Content-Coding value or
                                               @code NULL@ for the identity
                                               coding. */
-httpGetContentEncoding(http_t *http)   /* I - Connection to client/server */
+httpGetContentEncoding(http_t *http)   /* I - HTTP connection */
 {
 #ifdef HAVE_LIBZ
-  if (http && http->accept_encoding)
+  if (http && http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_ACCEPT_ENCODING])
   {
     int                i;                      /* Looping var */
     char       temp[HTTP_MAX_VALUE],   /* Copy of Accepts-Encoding value */
@@ -1153,7 +815,7 @@ httpGetContentEncoding(http_t *http)       /* I - Connection to client/server */
       "x-gzip"
     };
 
-    strlcpy(temp, http->accept_encoding, sizeof(temp));
+    strlcpy(temp, http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_ACCEPT_ENCODING], sizeof(temp));
 
     for (start = temp; *start; start = end)
     {
@@ -1208,49 +870,32 @@ httpGetContentEncoding(http_t *http)     /* I - Connection to client/server */
 
 
 /*
- * 'httpGetAuthString()' - Get the current authorization string.
- *
- * The authorization string is set by cupsDoAuthentication() and
- * httpSetAuthString().  Use httpGetAuthString() to retrieve the
- * string to use with httpSetField() for the HTTP_FIELD_AUTHORIZATION
- * value.
+ * 'httpGetCookie()' - Get any cookie data from the response.
  *
- * @since CUPS 1.3/OS X 10.5@
+ * @since CUPS 1.1.19/macOS 10.3@
  */
 
-char *                                 /* O - Authorization string */
-httpGetAuthString(http_t *http)                /* I - Connection to server */
+const char *                           /* O - Cookie data or @code NULL@ */
+httpGetCookie(http_t *http)            /* I - HTTP connection */
 {
-  if (http)
-    return (http->authstring);
-  else
-    return (NULL);
+  return (http ? http->cookie : NULL);
 }
 
 
 /*
- * 'httpGetBlocking()' - Get the blocking/non-block state of a connection.
+ * 'httpGetEncryption()' - Get the current encryption mode of a connection.
  *
- * @since CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5@
- */
-
-int                                    /* O - 1 if blocking, 0 if non-blocking */
-httpGetBlocking(http_t *http)          /* I - Connection to server */
-{
-  return (http ? http->blocking : 0);
-}
-
-
-/*
- * 'httpGetCookie()' - Get any cookie data from the response.
+ * This function returns the encryption mode for the connection. Use the
+ * @link httpIsEncrypted@ function to determine whether a TLS session has
+ * been established.
  *
- * @since CUPS 1.1.19/OS X 10.3@
+ * @since CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10@
  */
 
-const char *                           /* O - Cookie data or NULL */
-httpGetCookie(http_t *http)            /* I - HTTP connecion */
+http_encryption_t                      /* O - Current encryption mode */
+httpGetEncryption(http_t *http)                /* I - HTTP connection */
 {
-  return (http ? http->cookie : NULL);
+  return (http ? http->encryption : HTTP_ENCRYPTION_IF_REQUESTED);
 }
 
 
@@ -1260,11 +905,11 @@ httpGetCookie(http_t *http)              /* I - HTTP connecion */
  * Returns @code HTTP_STATUS_NONE@ if there is no Expect header, otherwise
  * returns the expected HTTP status code, typically @code HTTP_STATUS_CONTINUE@.
  *
- * @since CUPS 1.7@
+ * @since CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9@
  */
 
 http_status_t                          /* O - Expect: status, if any */
-httpGetExpect(http_t *http)            /* I - Connection to client */
+httpGetExpect(http_t *http)            /* I - HTTP connection */
 {
   if (!http)
     return (HTTP_STATUS_ERROR);
@@ -1276,11 +921,11 @@ httpGetExpect(http_t *http)              /* I - Connection to client */
 /*
  * 'httpGetFd()' - Get the file descriptor associated with a connection.
  *
- * @since CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5@
+ * @since CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5@
  */
 
 int                                    /* O - File descriptor or -1 if none */
-httpGetFd(http_t *http)                        /* I - Connection to server */
+httpGetFd(http_t *http)                        /* I - HTTP connection */
 {
   return (http ? http->fd : -1);
 }
@@ -1291,37 +936,28 @@ httpGetFd(http_t *http)                  /* I - Connection to server */
  */
 
 const char *                           /* O - Field value */
-httpGetField(http_t       *http,       /* I - Connection to server */
+httpGetField(http_t       *http,       /* I - HTTP connection */
              http_field_t field)       /* I - Field to get */
 {
   if (!http || field <= HTTP_FIELD_UNKNOWN || field >= HTTP_FIELD_MAX)
     return (NULL);
+  else if (http->fields[field])
+    return (http->fields[field]);
+  else
+    return ("");
+}
 
-  switch (field)
-  {
-    case HTTP_FIELD_ACCEPT_ENCODING :
-        return (http->accept_encoding);
-
-    case HTTP_FIELD_ALLOW :
-        return (http->allow);
-
-    case HTTP_FIELD_SERVER :
-        return (http->server);
-
-    case HTTP_FIELD_AUTHORIZATION :
-        if (http->field_authorization)
-       {
-        /*
-         * Special case for WWW-Authenticate: as its contents can be
-         * longer than HTTP_MAX_VALUE...
-         */
 
-         return (http->field_authorization);
-       }
+/*
+ * 'httpGetKeepAlive()' - Get the current Keep-Alive state of the connection.
+ *
+ * @since CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10@
+ */
 
-    default :
-        return (http->fields[field]);
-  }
+http_keepalive_t                       /* O - Keep-Alive state */
+httpGetKeepAlive(http_t *http)         /* I - HTTP connection */
+{
+  return (http ? http->keep_alive : HTTP_KEEPALIVE_OFF);
 }
 
 
@@ -1332,11 +968,11 @@ httpGetField(http_t       *http, /* I - Connection to server */
  * This function is deprecated and will not return lengths larger than
  * 2^31 - 1; use httpGetLength2() instead.
  *
- * @deprecated@
+ * @deprecated@ @exclude all@
  */
 
 int                                    /* O - Content length */
-httpGetLength(http_t *http)            /* I - Connection to server */
+httpGetLength(http_t *http)            /* I - HTTP connection */
 {
  /*
   * Get the read content length and return the 32-bit value.
@@ -1360,22 +996,21 @@ httpGetLength(http_t *http)              /* I - Connection to server */
  * This function returns the complete content length, even for
  * content larger than 2^31 - 1.
  *
- * @since CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5@
+ * @since CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5@
  */
 
 off_t                                  /* O - Content length */
-httpGetLength2(http_t *http)           /* I - Connection to server */
+httpGetLength2(http_t *http)           /* I - HTTP connection */
 {
   off_t                        remaining;      /* Remaining length */
 
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("2httpGetLength2(http=%p), state=%s", http,
-                http_states[http->state + 1]));
+  DEBUG_printf(("2httpGetLength2(http=%p), state=%s", (void *)http, httpStateString(http->state)));
 
   if (!http)
     return (-1);
 
-  if (!_cups_strcasecmp(http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_TRANSFER_ENCODING], "chunked"))
+  if (http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_TRANSFER_ENCODING] && !_cups_strcasecmp(http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_TRANSFER_ENCODING], "chunked"))
   {
     DEBUG_puts("4httpGetLength2: chunked request!");
     remaining = 0;
@@ -1390,14 +1025,14 @@ httpGetLength2(http_t *http)            /* I - Connection to server */
     * after the transfer is complete...
     */
 
-    if (!http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_CONTENT_LENGTH][0])
+    if (!http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_CONTENT_LENGTH] || !http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_CONTENT_LENGTH][0])
     {
      /*
       * Default content length is 0 for errors and certain types of operations,
       * and 2^31-1 for other successful requests...
       */
 
-      if (http->status >= HTTP_MULTIPLE_CHOICES ||
+      if (http->status >= HTTP_STATUS_MULTIPLE_CHOICES ||
           http->state == HTTP_STATE_OPTIONS ||
           (http->state == HTTP_STATE_GET && http->mode == _HTTP_MODE_SERVER) ||
           http->state == HTTP_STATE_HEAD ||
@@ -1421,26 +1056,78 @@ httpGetLength2(http_t *http)            /* I - Connection to server */
 }
 
 
+/*
+ * 'httpGetPending()' - Get the number of bytes that are buffered for writing.
+ *
+ * @since CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10@
+ */
+
+size_t                                 /* O - Number of bytes buffered */
+httpGetPending(http_t *http)           /* I - HTTP connection */
+{
+  return (http ? (size_t)http->wused : 0);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * 'httpGetReady()' - Get the number of bytes that can be read without blocking.
+ *
+ * @since CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10@
+ */
+
+size_t                                 /* O - Number of bytes available */
+httpGetReady(http_t *http)             /* I - HTTP connection */
+{
+  if (!http)
+    return (0);
+  else if (http->used > 0)
+    return ((size_t)http->used);
+#ifdef HAVE_SSL
+  else if (http->tls)
+    return (_httpTLSPending(http));
+#endif /* HAVE_SSL */
+
+  return (0);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * 'httpGetRemaining()' - Get the number of remaining bytes in the message
+ *                        body or current chunk.
+ *
+ * The @link httpIsChunked@ function can be used to determine whether the
+ * message body is chunked or fixed-length.
+ *
+ * @since CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10@
+ */
+
+size_t                                 /* O - Remaining bytes */
+httpGetRemaining(http_t *http)         /* I - HTTP connection */
+{
+  return (http ? (size_t)http->data_remaining : 0);
+}
+
+
 /*
  * 'httpGets()' - Get a line of text from a HTTP connection.
  */
 
-char *                                 /* O - Line or NULL */
+char *                                 /* O - Line or @code NULL@ */
 httpGets(char   *line,                 /* I - Line to read into */
          int    length,                        /* I - Max length of buffer */
-        http_t *http)                  /* I - Connection to server */
+        http_t *http)                  /* I - HTTP connection */
 {
-  char *lineptr,                       /* Pointer into line */
-       *lineend,                       /* End of line */
-       *bufptr,                        /* Pointer into input buffer */
-       *bufend;                        /* Pointer to end of buffer */
-  int  bytes,                          /* Number of bytes read */
-       eol;                            /* End-of-line? */
+  char         *lineptr,               /* Pointer into line */
+               *lineend,               /* End of line */
+               *bufptr,                /* Pointer into input buffer */
+               *bufend;                /* Pointer to end of buffer */
+  ssize_t      bytes;                  /* Number of bytes read */
+  int          eol;                    /* End-of-line? */
 
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("2httpGets(line=%p, length=%d, http=%p)", line, length, http));
+  DEBUG_printf(("2httpGets(line=%p, length=%d, http=%p)", (void *)line, length, (void *)http));
 
-  if (http == NULL || line == NULL)
+  if (!http || !line || length <= 1)
     return (NULL);
 
  /*
@@ -1458,11 +1145,11 @@ httpGets(char   *line,                  /* I - Line to read into */
     * Pre-load the buffer as needed...
     */
 
-#ifdef WIN32
+#ifdef _WIN32
     WSASetLastError(0);
 #else
     errno = 0;
-#endif /* WIN32 */
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
 
     while (http->used == 0)
     {
@@ -1476,28 +1163,17 @@ httpGets(char   *line,                  /* I - Line to read into */
          continue;
 
         DEBUG_puts("3httpGets: Timed out!");
-#ifdef WIN32
+#ifdef _WIN32
         http->error = WSAETIMEDOUT;
 #else
         http->error = ETIMEDOUT;
-#endif /* WIN32 */
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
         return (NULL);
       }
 
-#ifdef HAVE_SSL
-      if (http->tls)
-       bytes = http_read_ssl(http, http->buffer + http->used,
-                             HTTP_MAX_BUFFER - http->used);
-      else
-#endif /* HAVE_SSL */
-        bytes = recv(http->fd, http->buffer + http->used,
-                    HTTP_MAX_BUFFER - http->used, 0);
-
-      DEBUG_printf(("4httpGets: read %d bytes...", bytes));
+      bytes = http_read(http, http->buffer + http->used, (size_t)(HTTP_MAX_BUFFER - http->used));
 
-#ifdef DEBUG
-      http_debug_hex("httpGets", http->buffer + http->used, bytes);
-#endif /* DEBUG */
+      DEBUG_printf(("4httpGets: read " CUPS_LLFMT " bytes.", CUPS_LLCAST bytes));
 
       if (bytes < 0)
       {
@@ -1505,7 +1181,7 @@ httpGets(char   *line,                    /* I - Line to read into */
        * Nope, can't get a line this time...
        */
 
-#ifdef WIN32
+#ifdef _WIN32
         DEBUG_printf(("3httpGets: recv() error %d!", WSAGetLastError()));
 
         if (WSAGetLastError() == WSAEINTR)
@@ -1542,7 +1218,7 @@ httpGets(char   *line,                    /* I - Line to read into */
          http->error = errno;
          continue;
        }
-#endif /* WIN32 */
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
 
         return (NULL);
       }
@@ -1557,7 +1233,7 @@ httpGets(char   *line,                    /* I - Line to read into */
       * Yup, update the amount used...
       */
 
-      http->used += bytes;
+      http->used += (int)bytes;
     }
 
    /*
@@ -1581,7 +1257,7 @@ httpGets(char   *line,                    /* I - Line to read into */
 
     http->used -= (int)(bufptr - http->buffer);
     if (http->used > 0)
-      memmove(http->buffer, bufptr, http->used);
+      memmove(http->buffer, bufptr, (size_t)http->used);
 
     if (eol)
     {
@@ -1610,7 +1286,7 @@ httpGets(char   *line,                    /* I - Line to read into */
  */
 
 http_state_t                           /* O - HTTP state */
-httpGetState(http_t *http)             /* I - Connection to server */
+httpGetState(http_t *http)             /* I - HTTP connection */
 {
   return (http ? http->state : HTTP_STATE_ERROR);
 }
@@ -1619,24 +1295,24 @@ httpGetState(http_t *http)              /* I - Connection to server */
 /*
  * 'httpGetStatus()' - Get the status of the last HTTP request.
  *
- * @since CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5@
+ * @since CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5@
  */
 
 http_status_t                          /* O - HTTP status */
-httpGetStatus(http_t *http)            /* I - Connection to server */
+httpGetStatus(http_t *http)            /* I - HTTP connection */
 {
-  return (http ? http->status : HTTP_ERROR);
+  return (http ? http->status : HTTP_STATUS_ERROR);
 }
 
 
 /*
  * 'httpGetSubField()' - Get a sub-field value.
  *
- * @deprecated@
+ * @deprecated@ @exclude all@
  */
 
-char *                                 /* O - Value or NULL */
-httpGetSubField(http_t       *http,    /* I - Connection to server */
+char *                                 /* O - Value or @code NULL@ */
+httpGetSubField(http_t       *http,    /* I - HTTP connection */
                 http_field_t field,    /* I - Field index */
                 const char   *name,    /* I - Name of sub-field */
                char         *value)    /* O - Value string */
@@ -1648,11 +1324,11 @@ httpGetSubField(http_t       *http,     /* I - Connection to server */
 /*
  * 'httpGetSubField2()' - Get a sub-field value.
  *
- * @since CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5@
+ * @since CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5@
  */
 
-char *                                 /* O - Value or NULL */
-httpGetSubField2(http_t       *http,   /* I - Connection to server */
+char *                                 /* O - Value or @code NULL@ */
+httpGetSubField2(http_t       *http,   /* I - HTTP connection */
                  http_field_t field,   /* I - Field index */
                  const char   *name,   /* I - Name of sub-field */
                 char         *value,   /* O - Value string */
@@ -1663,8 +1339,7 @@ httpGetSubField2(http_t       *http,      /* I - Connection to server */
                *ptr,                   /* Pointer into string buffer */
                *end;                   /* End of value buffer */
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("2httpGetSubField2(http=%p, field=%d, name=\"%s\", value=%p, "
-                "valuelen=%d)", http, field, name, value, valuelen));
+  DEBUG_printf(("2httpGetSubField2(http=%p, field=%d, name=\"%s\", value=%p, valuelen=%d)", (void *)http, field, name, (void *)value, valuelen));
 
   if (!http || !name || !value || valuelen < 2 ||
       field <= HTTP_FIELD_UNKNOWN || field >= HTTP_FIELD_MAX)
@@ -1782,7 +1457,7 @@ httpGetSubField2(http_t       *http,      /* I - Connection to server */
  */
 
 http_version_t                         /* O - Version number */
-httpGetVersion(http_t *http)           /* I - Connection to server */
+httpGetVersion(http_t *http)           /* I - HTTP connection */
 {
   return (http ? http->version : HTTP_VERSION_1_0);
 }
@@ -1793,11 +1468,11 @@ httpGetVersion(http_t *http)            /* I - Connection to server */
  */
 
 int                                    /* O - Status of call (0 = success) */
-httpHead(http_t     *http,             /* I - Connection to server */
+httpHead(http_t     *http,             /* I - HTTP connection */
          const char *uri)              /* I - URI for head */
 {
-  DEBUG_printf(("httpHead(http=%p, uri=\"%s\")", http, uri));
-  return (http_send(http, HTTP_HEAD, uri));
+  DEBUG_printf(("httpHead(http=%p, uri=\"%s\")", (void *)http, uri));
+  return (http_send(http, HTTP_STATE_HEAD, uri));
 }
 
 
@@ -1810,13 +1485,9 @@ void
 httpInitialize(void)
 {
   static int   initialized = 0;        /* Have we been called before? */
-#ifdef WIN32
+#ifdef _WIN32
   WSADATA      winsockdata;            /* WinSock data */
-#endif /* WIN32 */
-#ifdef HAVE_LIBSSL
-  int          i;                      /* Looping var */
-  unsigned char        data[1024];             /* Seed data */
-#endif /* HAVE_LIBSSL */
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
 
 
   _cupsGlobalLock();
@@ -1826,7 +1497,7 @@ httpInitialize(void)
     return;
   }
 
-#ifdef WIN32
+#ifdef _WIN32
   WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &winsockdata);
 
 #elif !defined(SO_NOSIGPIPE)
@@ -1848,38 +1519,45 @@ httpInitialize(void)
 #  else
   signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
 #  endif /* !SO_NOSIGPIPE */
-#endif /* WIN32 */
-
-#ifdef HAVE_GNUTLS
- /*
-  * Initialize GNU TLS...
-  */
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
 
-  gnutls_global_init();
+#  ifdef HAVE_SSL
+  _httpTLSInitialize();
+#  endif /* HAVE_SSL */
 
-#elif defined(HAVE_LIBSSL)
- /*
-  * Initialize OpenSSL...
-  */
+  initialized = 1;
+  _cupsGlobalUnlock();
+}
 
-  SSL_load_error_strings();
-  SSL_library_init();
 
- /*
-  * Using the current time is a dubious random seed, but on some systems
-  * it is the best we can do (on others, this seed isn't even used...)
-  */
+/*
+ * 'httpIsChunked()' - Report whether a message body is chunked.
+ *
+ * This function returns non-zero if the message body is composed of
+ * variable-length chunks.
+ *
+ * @since CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10@
+ */
 
-  CUPS_SRAND(time(NULL));
+int                                    /* O - 1 if chunked, 0 if not */
+httpIsChunked(http_t *http)            /* I - HTTP connection */
+{
+  return (http ? http->data_encoding == HTTP_ENCODING_CHUNKED : 0);
+}
 
-  for (i = 0; i < sizeof(data); i ++)
-    data[i] = CUPS_RAND();
 
-  RAND_seed(data, sizeof(data));
-#endif /* HAVE_GNUTLS */
+/*
+ * 'httpIsEncrypted()' - Report whether a connection is encrypted.
+ *
+ * This function returns non-zero if the connection is currently encrypted.
+ *
+ * @since CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10@
+ */
 
-  initialized = 1;
-  _cupsGlobalUnlock();
+int                                    /* O - 1 if encrypted, 0 if not */
+httpIsEncrypted(http_t *http)          /* I - HTTP connection */
+{
+  return (http ? http->tls != NULL : 0);
 }
 
 
@@ -1888,10 +1566,10 @@ httpInitialize(void)
  */
 
 int                                    /* O - Status of call (0 = success) */
-httpOptions(http_t     *http,          /* I - Connection to server */
+httpOptions(http_t     *http,          /* I - HTTP connection */
             const char *uri)           /* I - URI for options */
 {
-  return (http_send(http, HTTP_OPTIONS, uri));
+  return (http_send(http, HTTP_STATE_OPTIONS, uri));
 }
 
 
@@ -1900,24 +1578,23 @@ httpOptions(http_t     *http,           /* I - Connection to server */
  *
  * This function copies available data from the given HTTP connection, reading
  * a buffer as needed.  The data is still available for reading using
- * @link httpRead@ or @link httpRead2@.
+ * @link httpRead2@.
  *
  * For non-blocking connections the usual timeouts apply.
  *
- * @since CUPS 1.7@
+ * @since CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9@
  */
 
 ssize_t                                        /* O - Number of bytes copied */
-httpPeek(http_t *http,                 /* I - Connection to server */
-          char   *buffer,              /* I - Buffer for data */
-         size_t length)                /* I - Maximum number of bytes */
+httpPeek(http_t *http,                 /* I - HTTP connection */
+         char   *buffer,               /* I - Buffer for data */
+        size_t length)                 /* I - Maximum number of bytes */
 {
   ssize_t      bytes;                  /* Bytes read */
   char         len[32];                /* Length string */
 
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("httpPeek(http=%p, buffer=%p, length=" CUPS_LLFMT ")",
-                http, buffer, CUPS_LLCAST length));
+  DEBUG_printf(("httpPeek(http=%p, buffer=%p, length=" CUPS_LLFMT ")", (void *)http, (void *)buffer, CUPS_LLCAST length));
 
   if (http == NULL || buffer == NULL)
     return (-1);
@@ -1939,7 +1616,18 @@ httpPeek(http_t *http,                   /* I - Connection to server */
       return (0);
     }
 
+    if (!len[0])
+    {
+      DEBUG_puts("1httpPeek: Blank chunk length, trying again...");
+      if (!httpGets(len, sizeof(len), http))
+      {
+       DEBUG_puts("1httpPeek: Could not get chunk length.");
+       return (0);
+      }
+    }
+
     http->data_remaining = strtoll(len, NULL, 16);
+
     if (http->data_remaining < 0)
     {
       DEBUG_puts("1httpPeek: Negative chunk length!");
@@ -1950,28 +1638,28 @@ httpPeek(http_t *http,                  /* I - Connection to server */
   DEBUG_printf(("2httpPeek: data_remaining=" CUPS_LLFMT,
                 CUPS_LLCAST http->data_remaining));
 
-  if (http->data_remaining <= 0)
+  if (http->data_remaining <= 0 && http->data_encoding != HTTP_ENCODING_FIELDS)
   {
    /*
     * A zero-length chunk ends a transfer; unless we are reading POST
     * data, go idle...
     */
 
-    if (http->data_encoding == HTTP_ENCODING_CHUNKED)
-      httpGets(len, sizeof(len), http);
-
 #ifdef HAVE_LIBZ
-    if (http->coding)
+    if (http->coding >= _HTTP_CODING_GUNZIP)
       http_content_coding_finish(http);
 #endif /* HAVE_LIBZ */
 
+    if (http->data_encoding == HTTP_ENCODING_CHUNKED)
+      httpGets(len, sizeof(len), http);
+
     if (http->state == HTTP_STATE_POST_RECV)
       http->state ++;
     else
-      http->state = HTTP_STATE_WAITING;
+      http->state = HTTP_STATE_STATUS;
 
     DEBUG_printf(("1httpPeek: 0-length chunk, set state to %s.",
-                  http_states[http->state + 1]));
+                  httpStateString(http->state)));
 
    /*
     * Prevent future reads for this request...
@@ -1984,7 +1672,13 @@ httpPeek(http_t *http,                   /* I - Connection to server */
   else if (length > (size_t)http->data_remaining)
     length = (size_t)http->data_remaining;
 
+#ifdef HAVE_LIBZ
+  if (http->used == 0 &&
+      (http->coding == _HTTP_CODING_IDENTITY ||
+       (http->coding >= _HTTP_CODING_GUNZIP && http->stream.avail_in == 0)))
+#else
   if (http->used == 0)
+#endif /* HAVE_LIBZ */
   {
    /*
     * Buffer small reads for better performance...
@@ -2003,72 +1697,99 @@ httpPeek(http_t *http,                  /* I - Connection to server */
       }
     }
 
-    if (http->data_remaining > sizeof(http->buffer))
+    if ((size_t)http->data_remaining > sizeof(http->buffer))
       buflen = sizeof(http->buffer);
     else
-      buflen = http->data_remaining;
+      buflen = (ssize_t)http->data_remaining;
 
     DEBUG_printf(("2httpPeek: Reading %d bytes into buffer.", (int)buflen));
+    bytes = http_read(http, http->buffer, (size_t)buflen);
 
-    do
+    DEBUG_printf(("2httpPeek: Read " CUPS_LLFMT " bytes into buffer.",
+                  CUPS_LLCAST bytes));
+    if (bytes > 0)
     {
-#ifdef HAVE_SSL
-      if (http->tls)
-       bytes = http_read_ssl(http, http->buffer, buflen);
-      else
-#endif /* HAVE_SSL */
-      bytes = recv(http->fd, http->buffer, buflen, 0);
+#ifdef DEBUG
+      http_debug_hex("httpPeek", http->buffer, (int)bytes);
+#endif /* DEBUG */
 
-      if (bytes < 0)
-      {
-#ifdef WIN32
-       if (WSAGetLastError() != WSAEINTR)
-       {
-         http->error = WSAGetLastError();
-         return (-1);
-       }
-       else if (WSAGetLastError() == WSAEWOULDBLOCK)
-       {
-         if (!http->timeout_cb ||
-             !(*http->timeout_cb)(http, http->timeout_data))
-         {
-           http->error = WSAEWOULDBLOCK;
-           return (-1);
-         }
-       }
-#else
-       if (errno == EWOULDBLOCK || errno == EAGAIN)
-       {
-         if (http->timeout_cb && !(*http->timeout_cb)(http, http->timeout_data))
-         {
-           http->error = errno;
-           return (-1);
-         }
-         else if (!http->timeout_cb && errno != EAGAIN)
-         {
-           http->error = errno;
-           return (-1);
-         }
-       }
-       else if (errno != EINTR)
-       {
-         http->error = errno;
-         return (-1);
-       }
-#endif /* WIN32 */
-      }
+      http->used = (int)bytes;
     }
-    while (bytes < 0);
+  }
 
-    DEBUG_printf(("2httpPeek: Read " CUPS_LLFMT " bytes into buffer.",
-                  CUPS_LLCAST bytes));
+#ifdef HAVE_LIBZ
+  if (http->coding >= _HTTP_CODING_GUNZIP)
+  {
+#  ifdef HAVE_INFLATECOPY
+    int                zerr;                   /* Decompressor error */
+    z_stream   stream;                 /* Copy of decompressor stream */
+
+    if (http->used > 0 && http->stream.avail_in < HTTP_MAX_BUFFER)
+    {
+      size_t buflen = buflen = HTTP_MAX_BUFFER - http->stream.avail_in;
+                                       /* Number of bytes to copy */
+
+      if (http->stream.avail_in > 0 &&
+         http->stream.next_in > http->sbuffer)
+        memmove(http->sbuffer, http->stream.next_in, http->stream.avail_in);
+
+      http->stream.next_in = http->sbuffer;
+
+      if (buflen > (size_t)http->data_remaining)
+        buflen = (size_t)http->data_remaining;
+
+      if (buflen > (size_t)http->used)
+        buflen = (size_t)http->used;
+
+      DEBUG_printf(("1httpPeek: Copying %d more bytes of data into "
+                   "decompression buffer.", (int)buflen));
+
+      memcpy(http->sbuffer + http->stream.avail_in, http->buffer, buflen);
+      http->stream.avail_in += buflen;
+      http->used            -= (int)buflen;
+      http->data_remaining  -= (off_t)buflen;
+
+      if (http->used > 0)
+        memmove(http->buffer, http->buffer + buflen, (size_t)http->used);
+    }
+
+    DEBUG_printf(("2httpPeek: length=%d, avail_in=%d", (int)length,
+                  (int)http->stream.avail_in));
+
+    if (inflateCopy(&stream, &(http->stream)) != Z_OK)
+    {
+      DEBUG_puts("2httpPeek: Unable to copy decompressor stream.");
+      http->error = ENOMEM;
+      return (-1);
+    }
+
+    stream.next_out  = (Bytef *)buffer;
+    stream.avail_out = (uInt)length;
+
+    zerr = inflate(&stream, Z_SYNC_FLUSH);
+    inflateEnd(&stream);
+
+    if (zerr < Z_OK)
+    {
+      DEBUG_printf(("2httpPeek: zerr=%d", zerr));
 #ifdef DEBUG
-    http_debug_hex("httpPeek", http->buffer, (int)bytes);
+      http_debug_hex("2httpPeek", (char *)http->sbuffer, (int)http->stream.avail_in);
 #endif /* DEBUG */
 
-    http->used = bytes;
-  }
+      http->error = EIO;
+      return (-1);
+    }
+
+    bytes = (ssize_t)(length - http->stream.avail_out);
 
+#  else
+    DEBUG_puts("2httpPeek: No inflateCopy on this platform, httpPeek does not "
+               "work with compressed streams.");
+    return (-1);
+#  endif /* HAVE_INFLATECOPY */
+  }
+  else
+#endif /* HAVE_LIBZ */
   if (http->used > 0)
   {
     if (length > (size_t)http->used)
@@ -2086,7 +1807,7 @@ httpPeek(http_t *http,                    /* I - Connection to server */
 
   if (bytes < 0)
   {
-#ifdef WIN32
+#ifdef _WIN32
     if (WSAGetLastError() == WSAEINTR || WSAGetLastError() == WSAEWOULDBLOCK)
       bytes = 0;
     else
@@ -2096,7 +1817,7 @@ httpPeek(http_t *http,                    /* I - Connection to server */
       bytes = 0;
     else
       http->error = errno;
-#endif /* WIN32 */
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
   }
   else if (bytes == 0)
   {
@@ -2104,10 +1825,6 @@ httpPeek(http_t *http,                   /* I - Connection to server */
     return (0);
   }
 
-#ifdef DEBUG
-  http_debug_hex("httpPeek", buffer, (int)bytes);
-#endif /* DEBUG */
-
   return (bytes);
 }
 
@@ -2117,10 +1834,10 @@ httpPeek(http_t *http,                  /* I - Connection to server */
  */
 
 int                                    /* O - Status of call (0 = success) */
-httpPost(http_t     *http,             /* I - Connection to server */
+httpPost(http_t     *http,             /* I - HTTP connection */
          const char *uri)              /* I - URI for post */
 {
-  return (http_send(http, HTTP_POST, uri));
+  return (http_send(http, HTTP_STATE_POST, uri));
 }
 
 
@@ -2131,25 +1848,25 @@ httpPost(http_t     *http,              /* I - Connection to server */
  */
 
 int                                    /* O - Number of bytes written */
-httpPrintf(http_t     *http,           /* I - Connection to server */
+httpPrintf(http_t     *http,           /* I - HTTP connection */
            const char *format,         /* I - printf-style format string */
           ...)                         /* I - Additional args as needed */
 {
-  int          bytes;                  /* Number of bytes to write */
+  ssize_t      bytes;                  /* Number of bytes to write */
   char         buf[16384];             /* Buffer for formatted string */
   va_list      ap;                     /* Variable argument pointer */
 
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("2httpPrintf(http=%p, format=\"%s\", ...)", http, format));
+  DEBUG_printf(("2httpPrintf(http=%p, format=\"%s\", ...)", (void *)http, format));
 
   va_start(ap, format);
   bytes = vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), format, ap);
   va_end(ap);
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("3httpPrintf: (%d bytes) %s", bytes, buf));
+  DEBUG_printf(("3httpPrintf: (" CUPS_LLFMT " bytes) %s", CUPS_LLCAST bytes, buf));
 
   if (http->data_encoding == HTTP_ENCODING_FIELDS)
-    return (httpWrite2(http, buf, bytes));
+    return ((int)httpWrite2(http, buf, (size_t)bytes));
   else
   {
     if (http->wused)
@@ -2160,7 +1877,7 @@ httpPrintf(http_t     *http,              /* I - Connection to server */
        return (-1);
     }
 
-    return (http_write(http, buf, bytes));
+    return ((int)http_write(http, buf, (size_t)bytes));
   }
 }
 
@@ -2170,11 +1887,11 @@ httpPrintf(http_t     *http,            /* I - Connection to server */
  */
 
 int                                    /* O - Status of call (0 = success) */
-httpPut(http_t     *http,              /* I - Connection to server */
+httpPut(http_t     *http,              /* I - HTTP connection */
         const char *uri)               /* I - URI to put */
 {
-  DEBUG_printf(("httpPut(http=%p, uri=\"%s\")", http, uri));
-  return (http_send(http, HTTP_PUT, uri));
+  DEBUG_printf(("httpPut(http=%p, uri=\"%s\")", (void *)http, uri));
+  return (http_send(http, HTTP_STATE_PUT, uri));
 }
 
 
@@ -2184,36 +1901,37 @@ httpPut(http_t     *http,               /* I - Connection to server */
  * This function is deprecated. Use the httpRead2() function which can
  * read more than 2GB of data.
  *
- * @deprecated@
+ * @deprecated@ @exclude all@
  */
 
 int                                    /* O - Number of bytes read */
-httpRead(http_t *http,                 /* I - Connection to server */
+httpRead(http_t *http,                 /* I - HTTP connection */
          char   *buffer,               /* I - Buffer for data */
         int    length)                 /* I - Maximum number of bytes */
 {
-  return ((int)httpRead2(http, buffer, length));
+  return ((int)httpRead2(http, buffer, (size_t)length));
 }
 
 
 /*
  * 'httpRead2()' - Read data from a HTTP connection.
  *
- * @since CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5@
+ * @since CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5@
  */
 
 ssize_t                                        /* O - Number of bytes read */
-httpRead2(http_t *http,                        /* I - Connection to server */
+httpRead2(http_t *http,                        /* I - HTTP connection */
           char   *buffer,              /* I - Buffer for data */
          size_t length)                /* I - Maximum number of bytes */
 {
   ssize_t      bytes;                  /* Bytes read */
-  char         len[32];                /* Length string */
 
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("httpRead2(http=%p, buffer=%p, length=" CUPS_LLFMT
-                ") coding=%d", http, buffer, CUPS_LLCAST length,
-                http->coding));
+#ifdef HAVE_LIBZ
+  DEBUG_printf(("httpRead2(http=%p, buffer=%p, length=" CUPS_LLFMT ") coding=%d data_encoding=%d data_remaining=" CUPS_LLFMT, (void *)http, (void *)buffer, CUPS_LLCAST length, http->coding, http->data_encoding, CUPS_LLCAST http->data_remaining));
+#else
+  DEBUG_printf(("httpRead2(http=%p, buffer=%p, length=" CUPS_LLFMT ") data_encoding=%d data_remaining=" CUPS_LLFMT, (void *)http, (void *)buffer, CUPS_LLCAST length, http->data_encoding, CUPS_LLCAST http->data_remaining));
+#endif /* HAVE_LIBZ */
 
   if (http == NULL || buffer == NULL)
     return (-1);
@@ -2224,489 +1942,188 @@ httpRead2(http_t *http,                       /* I - Connection to server */
   if (length <= 0)
     return (0);
 
-  if (http->data_encoding == HTTP_ENCODING_CHUNKED &&
-      http->data_remaining <= 0)
+#ifdef HAVE_LIBZ
+  if (http->coding >= _HTTP_CODING_GUNZIP)
   {
-    if (!httpGets(len, sizeof(len), http))
-    {
-      DEBUG_puts("1httpRead2: Could not get chunk length.");
-      return (0);
-    }
-
-    if (!len[0])
+    do
     {
-      DEBUG_puts("1httpRead2: Blank chunk length, trying again...");
-      if (!httpGets(len, sizeof(len), http))
+      if (http->stream.avail_in > 0)
       {
-       DEBUG_puts("1httpRead2: Could not get chunk length.");
-       return (0);
-      }
-    }
-
-    http->data_remaining = strtoll(len, NULL, 16);
+       int     zerr;                   /* Decompressor error */
 
-    if (http->data_remaining < 0)
-    {
-      DEBUG_printf(("1httpRead2: Negative chunk length \"%s\" (" CUPS_LLFMT ")",
-                    len, CUPS_LLCAST http->data_remaining));
-      return (0);
-    }
+       DEBUG_printf(("2httpRead2: avail_in=%d, avail_out=%d",
+                     (int)http->stream.avail_in, (int)length));
 
-    DEBUG_printf(("2httpRead2: Got chunk length \"%s\" (" CUPS_LLFMT ")", len,
-                  CUPS_LLCAST http->data_remaining));
-  }
+       http->stream.next_out  = (Bytef *)buffer;
+       http->stream.avail_out = (uInt)length;
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("2httpRead2: data_remaining=" CUPS_LLFMT ", used=%d",
-                CUPS_LLCAST http->data_remaining, http->used));
+       if ((zerr = inflate(&(http->stream), Z_SYNC_FLUSH)) < Z_OK)
+       {
+         DEBUG_printf(("2httpRead2: zerr=%d", zerr));
+#ifdef DEBUG
+          http_debug_hex("2httpRead2", (char *)http->sbuffer, (int)http->stream.avail_in);
+#endif /* DEBUG */
 
-  if (http->data_remaining <= 0 && http->data_encoding != HTTP_ENCODING_FIELDS)
-  {
-   /*
-    * A zero-length chunk ends a transfer; unless we are reading POST
-    * data, go idle...
-    */
-
-#ifdef HAVE_LIBZ
-    if (http->coding)
-      http_content_coding_finish(http);
-#endif /* HAVE_LIBZ */
-
-    if (http->data_encoding == HTTP_ENCODING_CHUNKED)
-      httpGets(len, sizeof(len), http);
-
-    if (http->state == HTTP_STATE_POST_RECV)
-      http->state ++;
-    else
-      http->state = HTTP_STATE_WAITING;
-
-    DEBUG_printf(("1httpRead2: 0-length chunk, set state to %s.",
-                  http_states[http->state + 1]));
-
-   /*
-    * Prevent future reads for this request...
-    */
-
-    http->data_encoding = HTTP_ENCODING_FIELDS;
-
-    return (0);
-  }
-  else if ((http->data_encoding == HTTP_ENCODING_LENGTH ||
-            http->coding == _HTTP_CODING_IDENTITY) &&
-           length > (size_t)http->data_remaining)
-    length = (size_t)http->data_remaining;
-
-#ifdef HAVE_LIBZ
-  if (http->used == 0 && (length <= 256 || http->coding))
-#else
-  if (http->used == 0 && length <= 256)
-#endif /* HAVE_LIBZ */
-  {
-   /*
-    * Buffer small/compressed reads for better performance...
-    */
+         http->error = EIO;
+         return (-1);
+       }
 
-    ssize_t    buflen;                 /* Length of read for buffer */
+       bytes = (ssize_t)(length - http->stream.avail_out);
 
-    if (!http->blocking)
-    {
-      while (!httpWait(http, http->wait_value))
-      {
-       if (http->timeout_cb && (*http->timeout_cb)(http, http->timeout_data))
-         continue;
-
-       return (0);
+       DEBUG_printf(("2httpRead2: avail_in=%d, avail_out=%d, bytes=%d",
+                     http->stream.avail_in, http->stream.avail_out,
+                     (int)bytes));
       }
-    }
-
-    if (http->data_remaining > sizeof(http->buffer))
-      buflen = sizeof(http->buffer);
-    else
-      buflen = http->data_remaining;
-
-    DEBUG_printf(("2httpRead2: Reading %d bytes into buffer.", (int)buflen));
-
-    do
-    {
-#ifdef HAVE_SSL
-      if (http->tls)
-       bytes = http_read_ssl(http, http->buffer, buflen);
       else
-#endif /* HAVE_SSL */
-      bytes = recv(http->fd, http->buffer, buflen, 0);
+        bytes = 0;
 
-      if (bytes < 0)
+      if (bytes == 0)
       {
-#ifdef WIN32
-       if (WSAGetLastError() != WSAEINTR)
-       {
-         http->error = WSAGetLastError();
-         return (-1);
-       }
-       else if (WSAGetLastError() == WSAEWOULDBLOCK)
-       {
-         if (!http->timeout_cb ||
-             !(*http->timeout_cb)(http, http->timeout_data))
-         {
-           http->error = WSAEWOULDBLOCK;
-           return (-1);
-         }
-       }
-#else
-       if (errno == EWOULDBLOCK || errno == EAGAIN)
-       {
-         if (http->timeout_cb && !(*http->timeout_cb)(http, http->timeout_data))
-         {
-           http->error = errno;
-           return (-1);
-         }
-         else if (!http->timeout_cb && errno != EAGAIN)
-         {
-           http->error = errno;
-           return (-1);
-         }
-       }
-       else if (errno != EINTR)
-       {
-         http->error = errno;
-         return (-1);
-       }
-#endif /* WIN32 */
-      }
-    }
-    while (bytes < 0);
+        ssize_t buflen = HTTP_MAX_BUFFER - (ssize_t)http->stream.avail_in;
+                                       /* Additional bytes for buffer */
 
-    DEBUG_printf(("2httpRead2: Read " CUPS_LLFMT " bytes into buffer.",
-                  CUPS_LLCAST bytes));
-#ifdef DEBUG
-    http_debug_hex("httpRead2", http->buffer, (int)bytes);
-#endif /* DEBUG */
-
-    http->used = bytes;
-  }
-
-#ifdef HAVE_LIBZ
-  if (http->coding)
-  {
-    int                zerr;                   /* Decompressor error */
-    off_t      comp_avail,             /* Maximum bytes for decompression */
-               comp_bytes;             /* Compressed bytes "used" */
+        if (buflen > 0)
+        {
+          if (http->stream.avail_in > 0 &&
+              http->stream.next_in > http->sbuffer)
+            memmove(http->sbuffer, http->stream.next_in, http->stream.avail_in);
 
-    if (http->used > http->data_remaining)
-      comp_avail = http->data_remaining;
-    else
-      comp_avail = http->used;
+         http->stream.next_in = http->sbuffer;
 
-    DEBUG_printf(("2httpRead2: length=%d, avail_in=%d", (int)length,
-                  (int)comp_avail));
+          DEBUG_printf(("1httpRead2: Reading up to %d more bytes of data into "
+                        "decompression buffer.", (int)buflen));
 
-    http->stream.next_in   = (Bytef *)http->buffer;
-    http->stream.avail_in  = comp_avail;
-    http->stream.next_out  = (Bytef *)buffer;
-    http->stream.avail_out = length;
+          if (http->data_remaining > 0)
+          {
+           if (buflen > http->data_remaining)
+             buflen = (ssize_t)http->data_remaining;
 
-    if ((zerr = inflate(&(http->stream), Z_SYNC_FLUSH)) < Z_OK)
-    {
-      DEBUG_printf(("2httpRead2: zerr=%d", zerr));
-      http->error = EIO;
-      return (-1);
-    }
+           bytes = http_read_buffered(http, (char *)http->sbuffer + http->stream.avail_in, (size_t)buflen);
+          }
+          else if (http->data_encoding == HTTP_ENCODING_CHUNKED)
+            bytes = http_read_chunk(http, (char *)http->sbuffer + http->stream.avail_in, (size_t)buflen);
+          else
+            bytes = 0;
 
-    bytes      = length - http->stream.avail_out;
-    comp_bytes = comp_avail - http->stream.avail_in;
+          if (bytes < 0)
+            return (bytes);
+          else if (bytes == 0)
+            break;
 
-    DEBUG_printf(("2httpRead2: avail_in=%d, avail_out=%d, bytes=%d, "
-                  "comp_bytes=%d", http->stream.avail_in,
-                  http->stream.avail_out, (int)bytes, (int)comp_bytes));
+          DEBUG_printf(("1httpRead2: Adding " CUPS_LLFMT " bytes to "
+                        "decompression buffer.", CUPS_LLCAST bytes));
 
-    if ((http->used - comp_bytes) > 0)
-    {
-      http->used -= comp_bytes;
-      memmove(http->buffer, http->stream.next_in, http->used);
-    }
-    else
-      http->used = 0;
+          http->data_remaining  -= bytes;
+          http->stream.avail_in += (uInt)bytes;
 
-   /*
-    * Adjust remaining bytes since chunk/content lengths are compressed while
-    * CUPS HTTP APIs return uncompressed sizes...
-    */
-
-    http->data_remaining += bytes - comp_bytes;
-  }
-  else
-#endif /* HAVE_LIBZ */
-  if (http->used > 0)
-  {
-    if (length > (size_t)http->used)
-      length = (size_t)http->used;
-
-    bytes = (ssize_t)length;
-
-    DEBUG_printf(("2httpRead2: grabbing %d bytes from input buffer...",
-                  (int)bytes));
+         if (http->data_remaining <= 0 &&
+             http->data_encoding == HTTP_ENCODING_CHUNKED)
+         {
+          /*
+           * Read the trailing blank line now...
+           */
 
-    memcpy(buffer, http->buffer, length);
-    http->used -= (int)length;
+           char        len[32];                /* Length string */
 
-    if (http->used > 0)
-      memmove(http->buffer, http->buffer + length, http->used);
-  }
-#ifdef HAVE_SSL
-  else if (http->tls)
-  {
-    if (!http->blocking)
-    {
-      while (!httpWait(http, http->wait_value))
-      {
-       if (http->timeout_cb && (*http->timeout_cb)(http, http->timeout_data))
-         continue;
-
-       return (0);
-      }
-    }
+           httpGets(len, sizeof(len), http);
+         }
 
-    while ((bytes = (ssize_t)http_read_ssl(http, buffer, (int)length)) < 0)
-    {
-#ifdef WIN32
-      if (WSAGetLastError() == WSAEWOULDBLOCK)
-      {
-        if (!http->timeout_cb || !(*http->timeout_cb)(http, http->timeout_data))
-         break;
-      }
-      else if (WSAGetLastError() != WSAEINTR)
-        break;
-#else
-      if (errno == EWOULDBLOCK || errno == EAGAIN)
-      {
-        if (http->timeout_cb && !(*http->timeout_cb)(http, http->timeout_data))
-         break;
-        else if (!http->timeout_cb && errno != EAGAIN)
-         break;
+          bytes = 0;
+        }
+        else
+          return (0);
       }
-      else if (errno != EINTR)
-        break;
-#endif /* WIN32 */
     }
+    while (bytes == 0);
   }
-#endif /* HAVE_SSL */
   else
+#endif /* HAVE_LIBZ */
+  if (http->data_remaining == 0 && http->data_encoding == HTTP_ENCODING_CHUNKED)
   {
-    if (!http->blocking)
+    if ((bytes = http_read_chunk(http, buffer, length)) > 0)
     {
-      while (!httpWait(http, http->wait_value))
-      {
-       if (http->timeout_cb && (*http->timeout_cb)(http, http->timeout_data))
-         continue;
+      http->data_remaining -= bytes;
 
-       return (0);
-      }
-    }
+      if (http->data_remaining <= 0)
+      {
+       /*
+        * Read the trailing blank line now...
+        */
 
-    DEBUG_printf(("2httpRead2: reading " CUPS_LLFMT " bytes from socket...",
-                  CUPS_LLCAST length));
+        char   len[32];                /* Length string */
 
-#ifdef WIN32
-    while ((bytes = (ssize_t)recv(http->fd, buffer, (int)length, 0)) < 0)
-    {
-      if (WSAGetLastError() == WSAEWOULDBLOCK)
-      {
-        if (!http->timeout_cb || !(*http->timeout_cb)(http, http->timeout_data))
-         break;
+        httpGets(len, sizeof(len), http);
       }
-      else if (WSAGetLastError() != WSAEINTR)
-        break;
     }
-#else
-    while ((bytes = recv(http->fd, buffer, length, 0)) < 0)
-    {
-      if (errno == EWOULDBLOCK || errno == EAGAIN)
-      {
-        if (http->timeout_cb && !(*http->timeout_cb)(http, http->timeout_data))
-         break;
-        else if (!http->timeout_cb && errno != EAGAIN)
-         break;
-      }
-      else if (errno != EINTR)
-        break;
-    }
-#endif /* WIN32 */
-
-    DEBUG_printf(("2httpRead2: read " CUPS_LLFMT " bytes from socket...",
-                  CUPS_LLCAST bytes));
-#ifdef DEBUG
-    http_debug_hex("httpRead2", buffer, (int)bytes);
-#endif /* DEBUG */
   }
-
-  if (bytes > 0)
+  else if (http->data_remaining <= 0)
   {
-    http->data_remaining -= bytes;
+   /*
+    * No more data to read...
+    */
 
-    if (http->data_remaining <= INT_MAX)
-      http->_data_remaining = (int)http->data_remaining;
-    else
-      http->_data_remaining = INT_MAX;
-  }
-  else if (bytes < 0)
-  {
-#ifdef WIN32
-    if (WSAGetLastError() == WSAEINTR)
-      bytes = 0;
-    else
-      http->error = WSAGetLastError();
-#else
-    if (errno == EINTR || (errno == EAGAIN && !http->timeout_cb))
-      bytes = 0;
-    else
-      http->error = errno;
-#endif /* WIN32 */
-  }
-  else
-  {
-    http->error = EPIPE;
     return (0);
   }
-
-  if (http->data_remaining <= 0)
+  else
   {
-    if (http->data_encoding == HTTP_ENCODING_CHUNKED)
-    {
-      DEBUG_puts("1httpRead2: Reading trailing line for chunk.");
-      httpGets(len, sizeof(len), http);
-    }
-    else
-    {
-#ifdef HAVE_LIBZ
-      if (http->coding)
-       http_content_coding_finish(http);
-#endif /* HAVE_LIBZ */
-
-      if (http->state == HTTP_STATE_POST_RECV)
-        http->state ++;
-      else
-        http->state = HTTP_STATE_WAITING;
+    DEBUG_printf(("1httpRead2: Reading up to %d bytes into buffer.",
+                  (int)length));
 
-      DEBUG_printf(("1httpRead2: End of content, set state to %s.",
-                    http_states[http->state + 1]));
-    }
-  }
+    if (length > (size_t)http->data_remaining)
+      length = (size_t)http->data_remaining;
 
-  return (bytes);
-}
-
-
-#if defined(HAVE_SSL) && defined(HAVE_CDSASSL)
-/*
- * '_httpReadCDSA()' - Read function for the CDSA library.
- */
-
-OSStatus                               /* O  - -1 on error, 0 on success */
-_httpReadCDSA(
-    SSLConnectionRef connection,       /* I  - SSL/TLS connection */
-    void             *data,            /* I  - Data buffer */
-    size_t           *dataLength)      /* IO - Number of bytes */
-{
-  OSStatus     result;                 /* Return value */
-  ssize_t      bytes;                  /* Number of bytes read */
-  http_t       *http;                  /* HTTP connection */
-
-
-  http = (http_t *)connection;
+    if ((bytes = http_read_buffered(http, buffer, length)) > 0)
+    {
+      http->data_remaining -= bytes;
 
-  if (!http->blocking)
-  {
-   /*
-    * Make sure we have data before we read...
-    */
+      if (http->data_remaining <= 0 &&
+          http->data_encoding == HTTP_ENCODING_CHUNKED)
+      {
+       /*
+        * Read the trailing blank line now...
+        */
 
-    while (!_httpWait(http, http->wait_value, 0))
-    {
-      if (http->timeout_cb && (*http->timeout_cb)(http, http->timeout_data))
-       continue;
+        char   len[32];                /* Length string */
 
-      http->error = ETIMEDOUT;
-      return (-1);
+        httpGets(len, sizeof(len), http);
+      }
     }
   }
 
-  do
-  {
-    bytes = recv(http->fd, data, *dataLength, 0);
-  }
-  while (bytes == -1 && (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN));
-
-  if (bytes == *dataLength)
-  {
-    result = 0;
-  }
-  else if (bytes > 0)
-  {
-    *dataLength = bytes;
-    result = errSSLWouldBlock;
-  }
-  else
+  if (
+#ifdef HAVE_LIBZ
+      (http->coding == _HTTP_CODING_IDENTITY ||
+       (http->coding >= _HTTP_CODING_GUNZIP && http->stream.avail_in == 0)) &&
+#endif /* HAVE_LIBZ */
+      ((http->data_remaining <= 0 &&
+        http->data_encoding == HTTP_ENCODING_LENGTH) ||
+       (http->data_encoding == HTTP_ENCODING_CHUNKED && bytes == 0)))
   {
-    *dataLength = 0;
+#ifdef HAVE_LIBZ
+    if (http->coding >= _HTTP_CODING_GUNZIP)
+      http_content_coding_finish(http);
+#endif /* HAVE_LIBZ */
 
-    if (bytes == 0)
-      result = errSSLClosedGraceful;
-    else if (errno == EAGAIN)
-      result = errSSLWouldBlock;
+    if (http->state == HTTP_STATE_POST_RECV)
+      http->state ++;
+    else if (http->state == HTTP_STATE_GET_SEND ||
+             http->state == HTTP_STATE_POST_SEND)
+      http->state = HTTP_STATE_WAITING;
     else
-      result = errSSLClosedAbort;
-  }
-
-  return (result);
-}
-#endif /* HAVE_SSL && HAVE_CDSASSL */
-
-
-#if defined(HAVE_SSL) && defined(HAVE_GNUTLS)
-/*
- * '_httpReadGNUTLS()' - Read function for the GNU TLS library.
- */
-
-ssize_t                                        /* O - Number of bytes read or -1 on error */
-_httpReadGNUTLS(
-    gnutls_transport_ptr ptr,          /* I - Connection to server */
-    void                 *data,                /* I - Buffer */
-    size_t               length)       /* I - Number of bytes to read */
-{
-  http_t       *http;                  /* HTTP connection */
-  ssize_t      bytes;                  /* Bytes read */
-
-
-  DEBUG_printf(("6_httpReadGNUTLS(ptr=%p, data=%p, length=%d)", ptr, data, (int)length));
+      http->state = HTTP_STATE_STATUS;
 
-  http = (http_t *)ptr;
-
-  if (!http->blocking)
-  {
-   /*
-    * Make sure we have data before we read...
-    */
-
-    while (!_httpWait(http, http->wait_value, 0))
-    {
-      if (http->timeout_cb && (*http->timeout_cb)(http, http->timeout_data))
-       continue;
-
-      http->error = ETIMEDOUT;
-      return (-1);
-    }
+    DEBUG_printf(("1httpRead2: End of content, set state to %s.",
+                 httpStateString(http->state)));
   }
 
-  bytes = recv(http->fd, data, length, 0);
-  DEBUG_printf(("6_httpReadGNUTLS: bytes=%d", (int)bytes));
   return (bytes);
 }
-#endif /* HAVE_SSL && HAVE_GNUTLS */
 
 
 /*
  * 'httpReadRequest()' - Read a HTTP request from a connection.
  *
- * @since CUPS 1.7@
+ * @since CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9@
  */
 
 http_state_t                           /* O - New state of connection */
@@ -2724,8 +2141,7 @@ httpReadRequest(http_t *http,             /* I - HTTP connection */
   * Range check input...
   */
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("httpReadRequest(http=%p, uri=%p, urilen=" CUPS_LLFMT ")",
-                http, uri, CUPS_LLCAST urilen));
+  DEBUG_printf(("httpReadRequest(http=%p, uri=%p, urilen=" CUPS_LLFMT ")", (void *)http, (void *)uri, CUPS_LLCAST urilen));
 
   if (uri)
     *uri = '\0';
@@ -2738,7 +2154,7 @@ httpReadRequest(http_t *http,             /* I - HTTP connection */
   else if (http->state != HTTP_STATE_WAITING)
   {
     DEBUG_printf(("1httpReadRequest: Bad state %s, returning HTTP_STATE_ERROR.",
-                  http_states[http->state + 1]));
+                  httpStateString(http->state)));
     return (HTTP_STATE_ERROR);
   }
 
@@ -2786,6 +2202,7 @@ httpReadRequest(http_t *http,             /* I - HTTP connection */
   if (!*req_uri)
   {
     DEBUG_puts("1httpReadRequest: No request URI.");
+    _cupsSetError(IPP_STATUS_ERROR_INTERNAL, _("No request URI."), 1);
     return (HTTP_STATE_ERROR);
   }
 
@@ -2802,6 +2219,7 @@ httpReadRequest(http_t *http,             /* I - HTTP connection */
   if (!*req_version)
   {
     DEBUG_puts("1httpReadRequest: No request protocol version.");
+    _cupsSetError(IPP_STATUS_ERROR_INTERNAL, _("No request protocol version."), 1);
     return (HTTP_STATE_ERROR);
   }
 
@@ -2833,11 +2251,12 @@ httpReadRequest(http_t *http,           /* I - HTTP connection */
   else
   {
     DEBUG_printf(("1httpReadRequest: Unknown method \"%s\".", req_method));
+    _cupsSetError(IPP_STATUS_ERROR_INTERNAL, _("Unknown request method."), 1);
     return (HTTP_STATE_UNKNOWN_METHOD);
   }
 
   DEBUG_printf(("1httpReadRequest: Set state to %s.",
-                http_states[http->state + 1]));
+                httpStateString(http->state)));
 
   if (!strcmp(req_version, "HTTP/1.0"))
   {
@@ -2852,6 +2271,7 @@ httpReadRequest(http_t *http,             /* I - HTTP connection */
   else
   {
     DEBUG_printf(("1httpReadRequest: Unknown version \"%s\".", req_version));
+    _cupsSetError(IPP_STATUS_ERROR_INTERNAL, _("Unknown request version."), 1);
     return (HTTP_STATE_UNKNOWN_VERSION);
   }
 
@@ -2868,13 +2288,13 @@ httpReadRequest(http_t *http,           /* I - HTTP connection */
  * This function is deprecated. Please use the @link httpReconnect2@ function
  * instead.
  *
- * @deprecated@
+ * @deprecated@ @exclude all@
  */
 
 int                                    /* O - 0 on success, non-zero on failure */
-httpReconnect(http_t *http)            /* I - Connection to server */
+httpReconnect(http_t *http)            /* I - HTTP connection */
 {
-  DEBUG_printf(("httpReconnect(http=%p)", http));
+  DEBUG_printf(("httpReconnect(http=%p)", (void *)http));
 
   return (httpReconnect2(http, 30000, NULL));
 }
@@ -2886,7 +2306,7 @@ httpReconnect(http_t *http)               /* I - Connection to server */
  */
 
 int                                    /* O - 0 on success, non-zero on failure */
-httpReconnect2(http_t *http,           /* I - Connection to server */
+httpReconnect2(http_t *http,           /* I - HTTP connection */
               int    msec,             /* I - Timeout in milliseconds */
               int    *cancel)          /* I - Pointer to "cancel" variable */
 {
@@ -2897,12 +2317,11 @@ httpReconnect2(http_t *http,            /* I - Connection to server */
 #endif /* DEBUG */
 
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("httpReconnect2(http=%p, msec=%d, cancel=%p)", http, msec,
-                cancel));
+  DEBUG_printf(("httpReconnect2(http=%p, msec=%d, cancel=%p)", (void *)http, msec, (void *)cancel));
 
   if (!http)
   {
-    _cupsSetError(IPP_INTERNAL_ERROR, strerror(EINVAL), 0);
+    _cupsSetError(IPP_STATUS_ERROR_INTERNAL, strerror(EINVAL), 0);
     return (-1);
   }
 
@@ -2910,7 +2329,7 @@ httpReconnect2(http_t *http,              /* I - Connection to server */
   if (http->tls)
   {
     DEBUG_puts("2httpReconnect2: Shutting down SSL/TLS...");
-    http_shutdown_ssl(http);
+    _httpTLSStop(http);
   }
 #endif /* HAVE_SSL */
 
@@ -2922,11 +2341,7 @@ httpReconnect2(http_t *http,             /* I - Connection to server */
   {
     DEBUG_printf(("2httpReconnect2: Closing socket %d...", http->fd));
 
-#ifdef WIN32
-    closesocket(http->fd);
-#else
-    close(http->fd);
-#endif /* WIN32 */
+    httpAddrClose(NULL, http->fd);
 
     http->fd = -1;
   }
@@ -2936,14 +2351,12 @@ httpReconnect2(http_t *http,            /* I - Connection to server */
   */
 
   http->state           = HTTP_STATE_WAITING;
-  http->status          = HTTP_STATUS_CONTINUE;
   http->version         = HTTP_VERSION_1_1;
   http->keep_alive      = HTTP_KEEPALIVE_OFF;
   memset(&http->_hostaddr, 0, sizeof(http->_hostaddr));
   http->data_encoding   = HTTP_ENCODING_FIELDS;
   http->_data_remaining = 0;
   http->used            = 0;
-  http->expect          = 0;
   http->data_remaining  = 0;
   http->hostaddr        = NULL;
   http->wused           = 0;
@@ -2959,19 +2372,18 @@ httpReconnect2(http_t *http,            /* I - Connection to server */
                   httpAddrPort(&(current->addr))));
 #endif /* DEBUG */
 
-  if ((addr = httpAddrConnect2(http->addrlist, &(http->fd), msec,
-                               cancel)) == NULL)
+  if ((addr = httpAddrConnect2(http->addrlist, &(http->fd), msec, cancel)) == NULL)
   {
    /*
     * Unable to connect...
     */
 
-#ifdef WIN32
+#ifdef _WIN32
     http->error  = WSAGetLastError();
 #else
     http->error  = errno;
-#endif /* WIN32 */
-    http->status = HTTP_ERROR;
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+    http->status = HTTP_STATUS_ERROR;
 
     DEBUG_printf(("1httpReconnect2: httpAddrConnect failed: %s",
                   strerror(http->error)));
@@ -2988,25 +2400,21 @@ httpReconnect2(http_t *http,            /* I - Connection to server */
   http->error    = 0;
 
 #ifdef HAVE_SSL
-  if (http->encryption == HTTP_ENCRYPT_ALWAYS)
+  if (http->encryption == HTTP_ENCRYPTION_ALWAYS)
   {
    /*
     * Always do encryption via SSL.
     */
 
-    if (http_setup_ssl(http) != 0)
+    if (_httpTLSStart(http) != 0)
     {
-#  ifdef WIN32
-      closesocket(http->fd);
-#  else
-      close(http->fd);
-#  endif /* WIN32 */
+      httpAddrClose(NULL, http->fd);
 
       return (-1);
     }
   }
-  else if (http->encryption == HTTP_ENCRYPT_REQUIRED)
-    return (http_upgrade(http));
+  else if (http->encryption == HTTP_ENCRYPTION_REQUIRED && !http->tls_upgrade)
+    return (http_tls_upgrade(http));
 #endif /* HAVE_SSL */
 
   DEBUG_printf(("1httpReconnect2: Connected to %s:%d...",
@@ -3021,15 +2429,16 @@ httpReconnect2(http_t *http,            /* I - Connection to server */
  * 'httpSetAuthString()' - Set the current authorization string.
  *
  * This function just stores a copy of the current authorization string in
- * the HTTP connection object.  You must still call httpSetField() to set
- * HTTP_FIELD_AUTHORIZATION prior to issuing a HTTP request using httpGet(),
- * httpHead(), httpOptions(), httpPost, or httpPut().
+ * the HTTP connection object.  You must still call @link httpSetField@ to set
+ * @code HTTP_FIELD_AUTHORIZATION@ prior to issuing a HTTP request using
+ * @link httpGet@, @link httpHead@, @link httpOptions@, @link httpPost@, or
+ * @link httpPut@.
  *
- * @since CUPS 1.3/OS X 10.5@
+ * @since CUPS 1.3/macOS 10.5@
  */
 
 void
-httpSetAuthString(http_t     *http,    /* I - Connection to server */
+httpSetAuthString(http_t     *http,    /* I - HTTP connection */
                   const char *scheme,  /* I - Auth scheme (NULL to clear it) */
                  const char *data)     /* I - Auth data (NULL for none) */
 {
@@ -3051,10 +2460,10 @@ httpSetAuthString(http_t     *http,     /* I - Connection to server */
     * Set the current authorization string...
     */
 
-    int len = (int)strlen(scheme) + (data ? (int)strlen(data) + 1 : 0) + 1;
+    size_t len = strlen(scheme) + (data ? strlen(data) + 1 : 0) + 1;
     char *temp;
 
-    if (len > (int)sizeof(http->_authstring))
+    if (len > sizeof(http->_authstring))
     {
       if ((temp = malloc(len)) == NULL)
         len = sizeof(http->_authstring);
@@ -3082,19 +2491,21 @@ httpSetAuthString(http_t     *http,     /* I - Connection to server */
  * 'httpSetCredentials()' - Set the credentials associated with an encrypted
  *                         connection.
  *
- * @since CUPS 1.5/OS X 10.7@
+ * @since CUPS 1.5/macOS 10.7@
  */
 
 int                                            /* O - Status of call (0 = success) */
-httpSetCredentials(http_t      *http,          /* I - Connection to server */
+httpSetCredentials(http_t      *http,          /* I - HTTP connection */
                   cups_array_t *credentials)   /* I - Array of credentials */
 {
   if (!http || cupsArrayCount(credentials) < 1)
     return (-1);
 
+#ifdef HAVE_SSL
   _httpFreeCredentials(http->tls_credentials);
 
   http->tls_credentials = _httpCreateCredentials(credentials);
+#endif /* HAVE_SSL */
 
   return (http->tls_credentials ? 0 : -1);
 }
@@ -3103,7 +2514,7 @@ httpSetCredentials(http_t *http,          /* I - Connection to server */
 /*
  * 'httpSetCookie()' - Set the cookie value(s).
  *
- * @since CUPS 1.1.19/OS X 10.3@
+ * @since CUPS 1.1.19/macOS 10.3@
  */
 
 void
@@ -3123,20 +2534,48 @@ httpSetCookie(http_t     *http,         /* I - Connection */
 }
 
 
+/*
+ * 'httpSetDefaultField()' - Set the default value of an HTTP header.
+ *
+ * Currently only @code HTTP_FIELD_ACCEPT_ENCODING@, @code HTTP_FIELD_SERVER@,
+ * and @code HTTP_FIELD_USER_AGENT@ can be set.
+ *
+ * @since CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9@
+ */
+
+void
+httpSetDefaultField(http_t       *http,        /* I - HTTP connection */
+                    http_field_t field,        /* I - Field index */
+                   const char   *value)/* I - Value */
+{
+  DEBUG_printf(("httpSetDefaultField(http=%p, field=%d(%s), value=\"%s\")", (void *)http, field, http_fields[field], value));
+
+  if (!http || field <= HTTP_FIELD_UNKNOWN || field >= HTTP_FIELD_MAX)
+    return;
+
+  if (http->default_fields[field])
+    free(http->default_fields[field]);
+
+  http->default_fields[field] = value ? strdup(value) : NULL;
+}
+
+
 /*
  * 'httpSetExpect()' - Set the Expect: header in a request.
  *
  * Currently only @code HTTP_STATUS_CONTINUE@ is supported for the "expect"
  * argument.
  *
- * @since CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5@
+ * @since CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5@
  */
 
 void
-httpSetExpect(http_t        *http,     /* I - Connection to server */
+httpSetExpect(http_t        *http,     /* I - HTTP connection */
               http_status_t expect)    /* I - HTTP status to expect
-                                              (@code HTTP_CONTINUE@) */
+                                              (@code HTTP_STATUS_CONTINUE@) */
 {
+  DEBUG_printf(("httpSetExpect(http=%p, expect=%d)", (void *)http, expect));
+
   if (http)
     http->expect = expect;
 }
@@ -3147,135 +2586,63 @@ httpSetExpect(http_t        *http,     /* I - Connection to server */
  */
 
 void
-httpSetField(http_t       *http,       /* I - Connection to server */
+httpSetField(http_t       *http,       /* I - HTTP connection */
              http_field_t field,       /* I - Field index */
             const char   *value)       /* I - Value */
 {
-  DEBUG_printf(("httpSetField(http=%p, field=%d(%s), value=\"%s\")", http,
-                field, http_fields[field], value));
+  DEBUG_printf(("httpSetField(http=%p, field=%d(%s), value=\"%s\")", (void *)http, field, http_fields[field], value));
 
-  if (http == NULL ||
-      field < HTTP_FIELD_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE ||
-      field >= HTTP_FIELD_MAX ||
-      value == NULL)
+  if (!http || field <= HTTP_FIELD_UNKNOWN || field >= HTTP_FIELD_MAX || !value)
     return;
 
-  switch (field)
-  {
-    case HTTP_FIELD_ACCEPT_ENCODING :
-        if (http->accept_encoding)
-          _cupsStrFree(http->accept_encoding);
-
-        http->accept_encoding = _cupsStrAlloc(value);
-        break;
-
-    case HTTP_FIELD_ALLOW :
-        if (http->allow)
-          _cupsStrFree(http->allow);
-
-        http->allow = _cupsStrAlloc(value);
-        break;
-
-    case HTTP_FIELD_SERVER :
-        if (http->server)
-          _cupsStrFree(http->server);
-
-        http->server = _cupsStrAlloc(value);
-        break;
-
-    default :
-       strlcpy(http->fields[field], value, HTTP_MAX_VALUE);
-       break;
-  }
-
-  if (field == HTTP_FIELD_AUTHORIZATION)
-  {
-   /*
-    * Special case for Authorization: as its contents can be
-    * longer than HTTP_MAX_VALUE
-    */
-
-    if (http->field_authorization)
-      free(http->field_authorization);
-
-    http->field_authorization = strdup(value);
-  }
-  else if (field == HTTP_FIELD_HOST)
-  {
-   /*
-    * Special-case for Host: as we don't want a trailing "." on the hostname and
-    * need to bracket IPv6 numeric addresses.
-    */
-
-    char *ptr = strchr(value, ':');
-
-    if (value[0] != '[' && ptr && strchr(ptr + 1, ':'))
-    {
-     /*
-      * Bracket IPv6 numeric addresses...
-      *
-      * This is slightly inefficient (basically copying twice), but is an edge
-      * case and not worth optimizing...
-      */
-
-      snprintf(http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_HOST],
-               sizeof(http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_HOST]), "[%s]", value);
-    }
-    else
-    {
-     /*
-      * Check for a trailing dot on the hostname...
-      */
+  http_add_field(http, field, value, 0);
+}
 
-      ptr = http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_HOST];
 
-      if (*ptr)
-      {
-       ptr += strlen(ptr) - 1;
+/*
+ * 'httpSetKeepAlive()' - Set the current Keep-Alive state of a connection.
+ *
+ * @since CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10@
+ */
 
-       if (*ptr == '.')
-         *ptr = '\0';
-      }
-    }
-  }
-#ifdef HAVE_LIBZ
-  else if (field == HTTP_FIELD_CONTENT_ENCODING &&
-           http->data_encoding != HTTP_ENCODING_FIELDS)
-  {
-    DEBUG_puts("1httpSetField: Calling http_content_coding_start.");
-    http_content_coding_start(http, value);
-  }
-#endif /* HAVE_LIBZ */
+void
+httpSetKeepAlive(
+    http_t           *http,            /* I - HTTP connection */
+    http_keepalive_t keep_alive)       /* I - New Keep-Alive value */
+{
+  if (http)
+    http->keep_alive = keep_alive;
 }
 
 
 /*
  * 'httpSetLength()' - Set the content-length and content-encoding.
  *
- * @since CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5@
+ * @since CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5@
  */
 
 void
-httpSetLength(http_t *http,            /* I - Connection to server */
+httpSetLength(http_t *http,            /* I - HTTP connection */
               size_t length)           /* I - Length (0 for chunked) */
 {
-  DEBUG_printf(("httpSetLength(http=%p, length=" CUPS_LLFMT ")", http,
-                CUPS_LLCAST length));
+  DEBUG_printf(("httpSetLength(http=%p, length=" CUPS_LLFMT ")", (void *)http, CUPS_LLCAST length));
 
   if (!http)
     return;
 
   if (!length)
   {
-    strlcpy(http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_TRANSFER_ENCODING], "chunked",
-            HTTP_MAX_VALUE);
-    http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_CONTENT_LENGTH][0] = '\0';
+    httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_TRANSFER_ENCODING, "chunked");
+    httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_CONTENT_LENGTH, "");
   }
   else
   {
-    http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_TRANSFER_ENCODING][0] = '\0';
-    snprintf(http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_CONTENT_LENGTH], HTTP_MAX_VALUE,
-             CUPS_LLFMT, CUPS_LLCAST length);
+    char len[32];                      /* Length string */
+
+
+    snprintf(len, sizeof(len), CUPS_LLFMT, CUPS_LLCAST length);
+    httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_TRANSFER_ENCODING, "");
+    httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_CONTENT_LENGTH, len);
   }
 }
 
@@ -3286,15 +2653,15 @@ httpSetLength(http_t *http,             /* I - Connection to server */
  * The optional timeout callback receives both the HTTP connection and a user
  * data pointer and must return 1 to continue or 0 to error (time) out.
  *
- * @since CUPS 1.5/OS X 10.7@
+ * @since CUPS 1.5/macOS 10.7@
  */
 
 void
 httpSetTimeout(
-    http_t            *http,           /* I - Connection to server */
+    http_t            *http,           /* I - HTTP connection */
     double            timeout,         /* I - Number of seconds for timeout,
                                                must be greater than 0 */
-    http_timeout_cb_t cb,              /* I - Callback function or NULL */
+    http_timeout_cb_t cb,              /* I - Callback function or @code NULL@ */
     void              *user_data)      /* I - User data pointer */
 {
   if (!http || timeout <= 0.0)
@@ -3311,15 +2678,42 @@ httpSetTimeout(
 }
 
 
+/*
+ * 'httpShutdown()' - Shutdown one side of an HTTP connection.
+ *
+ * @since CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10@
+ */
+
+void
+httpShutdown(http_t *http)             /* I - HTTP connection */
+{
+  if (!http || http->fd < 0)
+    return;
+
+#ifdef HAVE_SSL
+  if (http->tls)
+    _httpTLSStop(http);
+#endif /* HAVE_SSL */
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  shutdown(http->fd, SD_RECEIVE);      /* Microsoft-ism... */
+#else
+  shutdown(http->fd, SHUT_RD);
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+}
+
+
 /*
  * 'httpTrace()' - Send an TRACE request to the server.
+ *
+ * @exclude all@
  */
 
 int                                    /* O - Status of call (0 = success) */
-httpTrace(http_t     *http,            /* I - Connection to server */
+httpTrace(http_t     *http,            /* I - HTTP connection */
           const char *uri)             /* I - URI for trace */
 {
-  return (http_send(http, HTTP_TRACE, uri));
+  return (http_send(http, HTTP_STATE_TRACE, uri));
 }
 
 
@@ -3331,7 +2725,7 @@ httpTrace(http_t     *http,               /* I - Connection to server */
  */
 
 int                                    /* O - 1 to continue, 0 to stop */
-_httpUpdate(http_t        *http,       /* I - Connection to server */
+_httpUpdate(http_t        *http,       /* I - HTTP connection */
             http_status_t *status)     /* O - Current HTTP status */
 {
   char         line[32768],            /* Line from connection... */
@@ -3340,8 +2734,7 @@ _httpUpdate(http_t        *http,  /* I - Connection to server */
   int          major, minor;           /* HTTP version numbers */
 
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("_httpUpdate(http=%p, status=%p), state=%s", http, status,
-                http_states[http->state + 1]));
+  DEBUG_printf(("_httpUpdate(http=%p, status=%p), state=%s", (void *)http, (void *)status, httpStateString(http->state)));
 
  /*
   * Grab a single line from the connection...
@@ -3349,7 +2742,7 @@ _httpUpdate(http_t        *http,  /* I - Connection to server */
 
   if (!httpGets(line, sizeof(line), http))
   {
-    *status = HTTP_ERROR;
+    *status = HTTP_STATUS_ERROR;
     return (0);
   }
 
@@ -3372,21 +2765,17 @@ _httpUpdate(http_t        *http,        /* I - Connection to server */
       return (0);
     }
 
-    if (http->status < HTTP_BAD_REQUEST)
+    if (http->status < HTTP_STATUS_BAD_REQUEST)
       http->digest_tries = 0;
 
 #ifdef HAVE_SSL
-    if (http->status == HTTP_SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS && !http->tls)
+    if (http->status == HTTP_STATUS_SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS && !http->tls)
     {
-      if (http_setup_ssl(http) != 0)
+      if (_httpTLSStart(http) != 0)
       {
-#  ifdef WIN32
-       closesocket(http->fd);
-#  else
-       close(http->fd);
-#  endif /* WIN32 */
+        httpAddrClose(NULL, http->fd);
 
-       *status = http->status = HTTP_ERROR;
+       *status = http->status = HTTP_STATUS_ERROR;
        return (0);
       }
 
@@ -3399,7 +2788,7 @@ _httpUpdate(http_t        *http,  /* I - Connection to server */
     {
       DEBUG_puts("1_httpUpdate: Bad Content-Length.");
       http->error  = EINVAL;
-      http->status = *status = HTTP_ERROR;
+      http->status = *status = HTTP_STATUS_ERROR;
       return (0);
     }
 
@@ -3412,7 +2801,7 @@ _httpUpdate(http_t        *http,  /* I - Connection to server */
          http->state ++;
 
          DEBUG_printf(("1_httpUpdate: Set state to %s.",
-                       http_states[http->state + 1]));
+                       httpStateString(http->state)));
 
       case HTTP_STATE_POST_SEND :
       case HTTP_STATE_HEAD :
@@ -3421,8 +2810,7 @@ _httpUpdate(http_t        *http,  /* I - Connection to server */
       default :
          http->state = HTTP_STATE_WAITING;
 
-         DEBUG_puts("1_httpUpdate: Unknown state, reset state to "
-                    "HTTP_STATE_WAITING.");
+         DEBUG_puts("1_httpUpdate: Reset state to HTTP_STATE_WAITING.");
          break;
     }
 
@@ -3435,7 +2823,7 @@ _httpUpdate(http_t        *http,  /* I - Connection to server */
     *status = http->status;
     return (0);
   }
-  else if (!strncmp(line, "HTTP/", 5))
+  else if (!strncmp(line, "HTTP/", 5) && http->mode == _HTTP_MODE_CLIENT)
   {
    /*
     * Got the beginning of a response...
@@ -3445,7 +2833,7 @@ _httpUpdate(http_t        *http,  /* I - Connection to server */
 
     if (sscanf(line, "HTTP/%d.%d%d", &major, &minor, &intstatus) != 3)
     {
-      *status = http->status = HTTP_ERROR;
+      *status = http->status = HTTP_STATUS_ERROR;
       return (0);
     }
 
@@ -3486,8 +2874,13 @@ _httpUpdate(http_t        *http, /* I - Connection to server */
 
       httpSetCookie(http, value);
     }
-    else if ((field = http_field(line)) != HTTP_FIELD_UNKNOWN)
-      httpSetField(http, field, value);
+    else if ((field = httpFieldValue(line)) != HTTP_FIELD_UNKNOWN)
+    {
+      http_add_field(http, field, value, 1);
+
+      if (field == HTTP_FIELD_AUTHENTICATION_INFO)
+        httpGetSubField2(http, HTTP_FIELD_AUTHENTICATION_INFO, "nextnonce", http->nextnonce, (int)sizeof(http->nextnonce));
+    }
 #ifdef DEBUG
     else
       DEBUG_printf(("1_httpUpdate: unknown field %s seen!", line));
@@ -3497,7 +2890,7 @@ _httpUpdate(http_t        *http,  /* I - Connection to server */
   {
     DEBUG_printf(("1_httpUpdate: Bad response line \"%s\"!", line));
     http->error  = EINVAL;
-    http->status = *status = HTTP_ERROR;
+    http->status = *status = HTTP_STATUS_ERROR;
     return (0);
   }
 
@@ -3510,13 +2903,12 @@ _httpUpdate(http_t        *http,        /* I - Connection to server */
  */
 
 http_status_t                          /* O - HTTP status */
-httpUpdate(http_t *http)               /* I - Connection to server */
+httpUpdate(http_t *http)               /* I - HTTP connection */
 {
   http_status_t        status;                 /* Request status */
 
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("httpUpdate(http=%p), state=%s", http,
-                http_states[http->state + 1]));
+  DEBUG_printf(("httpUpdate(http=%p), state=%s", (void *)http, httpStateString(http->state)));
 
  /*
   * Flush pending data, if any...
@@ -3527,7 +2919,7 @@ httpUpdate(http_t *http)          /* I - Connection to server */
     DEBUG_puts("2httpUpdate: flushing buffer...");
 
     if (httpFlushWrite(http) < 0)
-      return (HTTP_ERROR);
+      return (HTTP_STATUS_ERROR);
   }
 
  /*
@@ -3535,7 +2927,7 @@ httpUpdate(http_t *http)          /* I - Connection to server */
   */
 
   if (http->state == HTTP_STATE_WAITING)
-    return (HTTP_CONTINUE);
+    return (HTTP_STATUS_CONTINUE);
 
  /*
   * Grab all of the lines we can from the connection...
@@ -3547,7 +2939,7 @@ httpUpdate(http_t *http)          /* I - Connection to server */
   * See if there was an error...
   */
 
-  if (http->error == EPIPE && http->status > HTTP_CONTINUE)
+  if (http->error == EPIPE && http->status > HTTP_STATUS_CONTINUE)
   {
     DEBUG_printf(("1httpUpdate: Returning status %d...", http->status));
     return (http->status);
@@ -3557,8 +2949,8 @@ httpUpdate(http_t *http)          /* I - Connection to server */
   {
     DEBUG_printf(("1httpUpdate: socket error %d - %s", http->error,
                   strerror(http->error)));
-    http->status = HTTP_ERROR;
-    return (HTTP_ERROR);
+    http->status = HTTP_STATUS_ERROR;
+    return (HTTP_STATUS_ERROR);
   }
 
  /*
@@ -3574,7 +2966,7 @@ httpUpdate(http_t *http)          /* I - Connection to server */
  */
 
 int                                    /* O - 1 if data is available, 0 otherwise */
-_httpWait(http_t *http,                        /* I - Connection to server */
+_httpWait(http_t *http,                        /* I - HTTP connection */
           int    msec,                 /* I - Milliseconds to wait */
          int    usessl)                /* I - Use SSL context? */
 {
@@ -3587,7 +2979,7 @@ _httpWait(http_t *http,                   /* I - Connection to server */
   int                  nfds;           /* Result from select()/poll() */
 
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("4_httpWait(http=%p, msec=%d, usessl=%d)", http, msec, usessl));
+  DEBUG_printf(("4_httpWait(http=%p, msec=%d, usessl=%d)", (void *)http, msec, usessl));
 
   if (http->fd < 0)
   {
@@ -3600,32 +2992,10 @@ _httpWait(http_t *http,                 /* I - Connection to server */
   */
 
 #ifdef HAVE_SSL
-  if (http->tls && usessl)
+  if (http->tls && _httpTLSPending(http))
   {
-#  ifdef HAVE_LIBSSL
-    if (SSL_pending(http->tls))
-    {
-      DEBUG_puts("5_httpWait: Return 1 since there is pending SSL data.");
-      return (1);
-    }
-
-#  elif defined(HAVE_GNUTLS)
-    if (gnutls_record_check_pending(http->tls))
-    {
-      DEBUG_puts("5_httpWait: Return 1 since there is pending SSL data.");
-      return (1);
-    }
-
-#  elif defined(HAVE_CDSASSL)
-    size_t bytes;                      /* Bytes that are available */
-
-    if (!SSLGetBufferedReadSize(http->tls, &bytes) &&
-        bytes > 0)
-    {
-      DEBUG_puts("5_httpWait: Return 1 since there is pending SSL data.");
-      return (1);
-    }
-#  endif /* HAVE_LIBSSL */
+    DEBUG_puts("5_httpWait: Return 1 since there is pending TLS data.");
+    return (1);
   }
 #endif /* HAVE_SSL */
 
@@ -3663,12 +3033,12 @@ _httpWait(http_t *http,                 /* I - Connection to server */
 
     DEBUG_printf(("6_httpWait: select() returned %d...", nfds));
   }
-#  ifdef WIN32
+#  ifdef _WIN32
   while (nfds < 0 && (WSAGetLastError() == WSAEINTR ||
                       WSAGetLastError() == WSAEWOULDBLOCK));
 #  else
   while (nfds < 0 && (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN));
-#  endif /* WIN32 */
+#  endif /* _WIN32 */
 #endif /* HAVE_POLL */
 
   DEBUG_printf(("5_httpWait: returning with nfds=%d, errno=%d...", nfds,
@@ -3681,18 +3051,18 @@ _httpWait(http_t *http,                 /* I - Connection to server */
 /*
  * 'httpWait()' - Wait for data available on a connection.
  *
- * @since CUPS 1.1.19/OS X 10.3@
+ * @since CUPS 1.1.19/macOS 10.3@
  */
 
 int                                    /* O - 1 if data is available, 0 otherwise */
-httpWait(http_t *http,                 /* I - Connection to server */
+httpWait(http_t *http,                 /* I - HTTP connection */
          int    msec)                  /* I - Milliseconds to wait */
 {
  /*
   * First see if there is data in the buffer...
   */
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("2httpWait(http=%p, msec=%d)", http, msec));
+  DEBUG_printf(("2httpWait(http=%p, msec=%d)", (void *)http, msec));
 
   if (http == NULL)
     return (0);
@@ -3703,6 +3073,14 @@ httpWait(http_t *http,                   /* I - Connection to server */
     return (1);
   }
 
+#ifdef HAVE_LIBZ
+  if (http->coding >= _HTTP_CODING_GUNZIP && http->stream.avail_in > 0)
+  {
+    DEBUG_puts("3httpWait: Returning 1 since there is buffered data ready.");
+    return (1);
+  }
+#endif /* HAVE_LIBZ */
+
  /*
   * Flush pending data, if any...
   */
@@ -3729,34 +3107,33 @@ httpWait(http_t *http,                  /* I - Connection to server */
  * This function is deprecated. Use the httpWrite2() function which can
  * write more than 2GB of data.
  *
- * @deprecated@
+ * @deprecated@ @exclude all@
  */
 
 int                                    /* O - Number of bytes written */
-httpWrite(http_t     *http,            /* I - Connection to server */
+httpWrite(http_t     *http,            /* I - HTTP connection */
           const char *buffer,          /* I - Buffer for data */
          int        length)            /* I - Number of bytes to write */
 {
-  return ((int)httpWrite2(http, buffer, length));
+  return ((int)httpWrite2(http, buffer, (size_t)length));
 }
 
 
 /*
  * 'httpWrite2()' - Write data to a HTTP connection.
  *
- * @since CUPS 1.2/OS X 10.5@
+ * @since CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5@
  */
 
 ssize_t                                        /* O - Number of bytes written */
-httpWrite2(http_t     *http,           /* I - Connection to server */
+httpWrite2(http_t     *http,           /* I - HTTP connection */
            const char *buffer,         /* I - Buffer for data */
           size_t     length)           /* I - Number of bytes to write */
 {
   ssize_t      bytes;                  /* Bytes written */
 
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("httpWrite2(http=%p, buffer=%p, length=" CUPS_LLFMT ")", http,
-                buffer, CUPS_LLCAST length));
+  DEBUG_printf(("httpWrite2(http=%p, buffer=%p, length=" CUPS_LLFMT ")", (void *)http, (void *)buffer, CUPS_LLCAST length));
 
  /*
   * Range check input...
@@ -3779,7 +3156,7 @@ httpWrite2(http_t     *http,              /* I - Connection to server */
   */
 
 #ifdef HAVE_LIBZ
-  if (http->coding)
+  if (http->coding == _HTTP_CODING_GZIP || http->coding == _HTTP_CODING_DEFLATE)
   {
     DEBUG_printf(("1httpWrite2: http->coding=%d", http->coding));
 
@@ -3790,37 +3167,48 @@ httpWrite2(http_t     *http,            /* I - Connection to server */
     }
     else
     {
+      size_t   slen;                   /* Bytes to write */
+      ssize_t  sret;                   /* Bytes written */
+
       http->stream.next_in   = (Bytef *)buffer;
-      http->stream.avail_in  = length;
-      http->stream.next_out  = (Bytef *)http->wbuffer + http->wused;
-      http->stream.avail_out = sizeof(http->wbuffer) - http->wused;
+      http->stream.avail_in  = (uInt)length;
 
       while (deflate(&(http->stream), Z_NO_FLUSH) == Z_OK)
       {
-       http->wused = sizeof(http->wbuffer) - http->stream.avail_out;
+        DEBUG_printf(("1httpWrite2: avail_out=%d", http->stream.avail_out));
 
-        if (http->stream.avail_out == 0)
-        {
-         if (httpFlushWrite(http) < 0)
-         {
-           DEBUG_puts("1httpWrite2: Unable to flush, returning -1.");
-           return (-1);
-         }
+        if (http->stream.avail_out > 0)
+         continue;
+
+       slen = _HTTP_MAX_SBUFFER - http->stream.avail_out;
 
-         http->stream.next_out  = (Bytef *)http->wbuffer;
-         http->stream.avail_out = sizeof(http->wbuffer);
+        DEBUG_printf(("1httpWrite2: Writing intermediate chunk, len=%d", (int)slen));
+
+       if (slen > 0 && http->data_encoding == HTTP_ENCODING_CHUNKED)
+         sret = http_write_chunk(http, (char *)http->sbuffer, slen);
+       else if (slen > 0)
+         sret = http_write(http, (char *)http->sbuffer, slen);
+       else
+         sret = 0;
+
+        if (sret < 0)
+       {
+         DEBUG_puts("1httpWrite2: Unable to write, returning -1.");
+         return (-1);
        }
+
+       http->stream.next_out  = (Bytef *)http->sbuffer;
+       http->stream.avail_out = (uInt)_HTTP_MAX_SBUFFER;
       }
 
-      http->wused = sizeof(http->wbuffer) - http->stream.avail_out;
-      bytes       = length;
+      bytes = (ssize_t)length;
     }
   }
   else
 #endif /* HAVE_LIBZ */
   if (length > 0)
   {
-    if (http->wused && (length + http->wused) > sizeof(http->wbuffer))
+    if (http->wused && (length + (size_t)http->wused) > sizeof(http->wbuffer))
     {
       DEBUG_printf(("2httpWrite2: Flushing buffer (wused=%d, length="
                     CUPS_LLFMT ")", http->wused, CUPS_LLCAST length));
@@ -3828,8 +3216,7 @@ httpWrite2(http_t     *http,              /* I - Connection to server */
       httpFlushWrite(http);
     }
 
-    if ((length + http->wused) <= sizeof(http->wbuffer) &&
-        length < sizeof(http->wbuffer))
+    if ((length + (size_t)http->wused) <= sizeof(http->wbuffer) && length < sizeof(http->wbuffer))
     {
      /*
       * Write to buffer...
@@ -3852,9 +3239,9 @@ httpWrite2(http_t     *http,              /* I - Connection to server */
                     CUPS_LLCAST length));
 
       if (http->data_encoding == HTTP_ENCODING_CHUNKED)
-       bytes = (ssize_t)http_write_chunk(http, buffer, (int)length);
+       bytes = (ssize_t)http_write_chunk(http, buffer, length);
       else
-       bytes = (ssize_t)http_write(http, buffer, (int)length);
+       bytes = (ssize_t)http_write(http, buffer, length);
 
       DEBUG_printf(("2httpWrite2: Wrote " CUPS_LLFMT " bytes...",
                     CUPS_LLCAST bytes));
@@ -3878,128 +3265,55 @@ httpWrite2(http_t     *http,           /* I - Connection to server */
     * data, go idle...
     */
 
-    if (http->wused)
-    {
-      if (httpFlushWrite(http) < 0)
-        return (-1);
-    }
-
-    if (http->data_encoding == HTTP_ENCODING_CHUNKED)
-    {
-     /*
-      * Send a 0-length chunk at the end of the request...
-      */
-
-      http_write(http, "0\r\n\r\n", 5);
-
-     /*
-      * Reset the data state...
-      */
-
-      http->data_encoding  = HTTP_ENCODING_FIELDS;
-      http->data_remaining = 0;
-    }
-
-    if (http->state == HTTP_STATE_POST_RECV)
-    {
 #ifdef HAVE_LIBZ
-      if (http->coding)
-        http_content_coding_finish(http);
+    if (http->coding == _HTTP_CODING_GZIP || http->coding == _HTTP_CODING_DEFLATE)
+      http_content_coding_finish(http);
 #endif /* HAVE_LIBZ */
 
-      http->state ++;
-
-      DEBUG_printf(("2httpWrite2: Changed state to %s.",
-                   http_states[http->state + 1]));
-    }
-  }
-
-  DEBUG_printf(("1httpWrite2: Returning " CUPS_LLFMT ".", CUPS_LLCAST bytes));
-
-  return (bytes);
-}
-
-
-#if defined(HAVE_SSL) && defined(HAVE_CDSASSL)
-/*
- * '_httpWriteCDSA()' - Write function for the CDSA library.
- */
-
-OSStatus                               /* O  - -1 on error, 0 on success */
-_httpWriteCDSA(
-    SSLConnectionRef connection,       /* I  - SSL/TLS connection */
-    const void       *data,            /* I  - Data buffer */
-    size_t           *dataLength)      /* IO - Number of bytes */
-{
-  OSStatus     result;                 /* Return value */
-  ssize_t      bytes;                  /* Number of bytes read */
-  http_t       *http;                  /* HTTP connection */
-
-
-  http = (http_t *)connection;
-
-  do
-  {
-    bytes = write(http->fd, data, *dataLength);
-  }
-  while (bytes == -1 && (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN));
-
-  if (bytes == *dataLength)
-  {
-    result = 0;
-  }
-  else if (bytes >= 0)
-  {
-    *dataLength = bytes;
-    result = errSSLWouldBlock;
-  }
-  else
-  {
-    *dataLength = 0;
-
-    if (errno == EAGAIN)
-      result = errSSLWouldBlock;
-    else
-      result = errSSLClosedAbort;
-  }
+    if (http->wused)
+    {
+      if (httpFlushWrite(http) < 0)
+        return (-1);
+    }
 
-  return (result);
-}
-#endif /* HAVE_SSL && HAVE_CDSASSL */
+    if (http->data_encoding == HTTP_ENCODING_CHUNKED)
+    {
+     /*
+      * Send a 0-length chunk at the end of the request...
+      */
 
+      http_write(http, "0\r\n\r\n", 5);
 
-#if defined(HAVE_SSL) && defined(HAVE_GNUTLS)
-/*
- * '_httpWriteGNUTLS()' - Write function for the GNU TLS library.
- */
+     /*
+      * Reset the data state...
+      */
 
-ssize_t                                        /* O - Number of bytes written or -1 on error */
-_httpWriteGNUTLS(
-    gnutls_transport_ptr ptr,          /* I - Connection to server */
-    const void           *data,                /* I - Data buffer */
-    size_t               length)       /* I - Number of bytes to write */
-{
-  ssize_t bytes;                       /* Bytes written */
+      http->data_encoding  = HTTP_ENCODING_FIELDS;
+      http->data_remaining = 0;
+    }
 
+    if (http->state == HTTP_STATE_POST_RECV)
+      http->state ++;
+    else if (http->state == HTTP_STATE_POST_SEND ||
+             http->state == HTTP_STATE_GET_SEND)
+      http->state = HTTP_STATE_WAITING;
+    else
+      http->state = HTTP_STATE_STATUS;
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("6_httpWriteGNUTLS(ptr=%p, data=%p, length=%d)", ptr, data,
-                (int)length));
-#ifdef DEBUG
-  http_debug_hex("_httpWriteGNUTLS", data, (int)length);
-#endif /* DEBUG */
+    DEBUG_printf(("2httpWrite2: Changed state to %s.",
+                 httpStateString(http->state)));
+  }
 
-  bytes = send(((http_t *)ptr)->fd, data, length, 0);
-  DEBUG_printf(("_httpWriteGNUTLS: bytes=%d", (int)bytes));
+  DEBUG_printf(("1httpWrite2: Returning " CUPS_LLFMT ".", CUPS_LLCAST bytes));
 
   return (bytes);
 }
-#endif /* HAVE_SSL && HAVE_GNUTLS */
 
 
 /*
  * 'httpWriteResponse()' - Write a HTTP response to a client connection.
  *
- * @since CUPS 1.7@
+ * @since CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9@
  */
 
 int                                    /* O - 0 on success, -1 on error */
@@ -4014,7 +3328,7 @@ httpWriteResponse(http_t        *http,    /* I - HTTP connection */
   * Range check input...
   */
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("httpWriteResponse(http=%p, status=%d)", http, status));
+  DEBUG_printf(("httpWriteResponse(http=%p, status=%d)", (void *)http, status));
 
   if (!http || status < HTTP_STATUS_CONTINUE)
   {
@@ -4026,18 +3340,18 @@ httpWriteResponse(http_t        *http,  /* I - HTTP connection */
   * Set the various standard fields if they aren't already...
   */
 
-  if (!http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_DATE][0])
+  if (!http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_DATE])
     httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_DATE, httpGetDateString(time(NULL)));
 
-  if (status >= HTTP_BAD_REQUEST && http->keep_alive)
+  if (status >= HTTP_STATUS_BAD_REQUEST && http->keep_alive)
   {
-    http->keep_alive = 0;
+    http->keep_alive = HTTP_KEEPALIVE_OFF;
     httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_KEEP_ALIVE, "");
   }
 
   if (http->version == HTTP_VERSION_1_1)
   {
-    if (!http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_CONNECTION][0])
+    if (!http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_CONNECTION])
     {
       if (http->keep_alive)
        httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_CONNECTION, "Keep-Alive");
@@ -4045,31 +3359,38 @@ httpWriteResponse(http_t        *http,  /* I - HTTP connection */
        httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_CONNECTION, "close");
     }
 
-    if (http->keep_alive && !http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_KEEP_ALIVE][0])
+    if (http->keep_alive && !http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_KEEP_ALIVE])
       httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_KEEP_ALIVE, "timeout=10");
   }
 
 #ifdef HAVE_SSL
-  if (status == HTTP_STATUS_UPGRADE_REQUIRED)
+  if (status == HTTP_STATUS_UPGRADE_REQUIRED ||
+      status == HTTP_STATUS_SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS)
   {
-    if (!http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_CONNECTION][0])
+    if (!http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_CONNECTION])
       httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_CONNECTION, "Upgrade");
 
-    if (!http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_UPGRADE][0])
+    if (!http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_UPGRADE])
       httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_UPGRADE, "TLS/1.2,TLS/1.1,TLS/1.0");
+
+    if (!http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_CONTENT_LENGTH])
+      httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_CONTENT_LENGTH, "0");
   }
 #endif /* HAVE_SSL */
 
-  if (!http->server)
-    httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_SERVER, CUPS_MINIMAL);
+  if (!http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_SERVER])
+    httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_SERVER, http->default_fields[HTTP_FIELD_SERVER] ? http->default_fields[HTTP_FIELD_SERVER] : CUPS_MINIMAL);
 
-#ifdef HAVE_LIBZ
  /*
   * Set the Accept-Encoding field if it isn't already...
   */
 
-  if (!http->accept_encoding)
-    httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_ACCEPT_ENCODING, "gzip, deflate, identity");
+  if (!http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_ACCEPT_ENCODING])
+    httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_ACCEPT_ENCODING, http->default_fields[HTTP_FIELD_ACCEPT_ENCODING] ? http->default_fields[HTTP_FIELD_ACCEPT_ENCODING] :
+#ifdef HAVE_LIBZ
+                                                 "gzip, deflate, identity");
+#else
+                                                 "identity");
 #endif /* HAVE_LIBZ */
 
  /*
@@ -4080,8 +3401,7 @@ httpWriteResponse(http_t        *http,    /* I - HTTP connection */
   old_remaining       = http->data_remaining;
   http->data_encoding = HTTP_ENCODING_FIELDS;
 
-  if (httpPrintf(http, "HTTP/%d.%d %d %s\r\n", http->version / 100,
-                 http->version % 100, (int)status, httpStatus(status)) < 0)
+  if (httpPrintf(http, "HTTP/%d.%d %d %s\r\n", http->version / 100, http->version % 100, (int)status, httpStatus(status)) < 0)
   {
     http->status = HTTP_STATUS_ERROR;
     return (-1);
@@ -4110,28 +3430,47 @@ httpWriteResponse(http_t        *http,  /* I - HTTP connection */
 
     if (http->cookie)
     {
-      if (httpPrintf(http, "Set-Cookie: %s path=/%s\r\n", http->cookie,
-                     http->tls ? " secure" : "") < 1)
+      if (strchr(http->cookie, ';'))
+      {
+        if (httpPrintf(http, "Set-Cookie: %s\r\n", http->cookie) < 1)
+       {
+         http->status = HTTP_STATUS_ERROR;
+         return (-1);
+       }
+      }
+      else if (httpPrintf(http, "Set-Cookie: %s; path=/; httponly;%s\r\n", http->cookie, http->tls ? " secure;" : "") < 1)
       {
-       http->status = HTTP_ERROR;
+       http->status = HTTP_STATUS_ERROR;
        return (-1);
       }
     }
+
+   /*
+    * "Click-jacking" defense (STR #4492)...
+    */
+
+    if (httpPrintf(http, "X-Frame-Options: DENY\r\n"
+                         "Content-Security-Policy: frame-ancestors 'none'\r\n") < 1)
+    {
+      http->status = HTTP_STATUS_ERROR;
+      return (-1);
+    }
   }
 
   if (httpWrite2(http, "\r\n", 2) < 2)
   {
-    http->status = HTTP_ERROR;
+    http->status = HTTP_STATUS_ERROR;
     return (-1);
   }
 
   if (httpFlushWrite(http) < 0)
   {
-    http->status = HTTP_ERROR;
+    http->status = HTTP_STATUS_ERROR;
     return (-1);
   }
 
-  if (status == HTTP_STATUS_CONTINUE)
+  if (status == HTTP_STATUS_CONTINUE ||
+      status == HTTP_STATUS_SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS)
   {
    /*
     * Restore the old data_encoding and data_length values...
@@ -4149,10 +3488,11 @@ httpWriteResponse(http_t        *http,  /* I - HTTP connection */
            http->state == HTTP_STATE_HEAD ||
            http->state == HTTP_STATE_PUT ||
            http->state == HTTP_STATE_TRACE ||
-           http->state == HTTP_STATE_CONNECT)
+           http->state == HTTP_STATE_CONNECT ||
+           http->state == HTTP_STATE_STATUS)
   {
     DEBUG_printf(("1httpWriteResponse: Resetting state to HTTP_STATE_WAITING, "
-                  "was %s.", http_states[http->state + 1]));
+                  "was %s.", httpStateString(http->state)));
     http->state = HTTP_STATE_WAITING;
   }
   else
@@ -4164,6 +3504,18 @@ httpWriteResponse(http_t        *http,   /* I - HTTP connection */
 
     http_set_length(http);
 
+    if (http->data_encoding == HTTP_ENCODING_LENGTH && http->data_remaining == 0)
+    {
+      DEBUG_printf(("1httpWriteResponse: Resetting state to HTTP_STATE_WAITING, "
+                    "was %s.", httpStateString(http->state)));
+      http->state = HTTP_STATE_WAITING;
+      return (0);
+    }
+
+    if (http->state == HTTP_STATE_POST_RECV || http->state == HTTP_STATE_GET)
+      http->state ++;
+
+#ifdef HAVE_LIBZ
    /*
     * Then start any content encoding...
     */
@@ -4171,159 +3523,147 @@ httpWriteResponse(http_t        *http,        /* I - HTTP connection */
     DEBUG_puts("1httpWriteResponse: Calling http_content_coding_start.");
     http_content_coding_start(http,
                              httpGetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_CONTENT_ENCODING));
+#endif /* HAVE_LIBZ */
+
   }
 
   return (0);
 }
 
 
-#if defined(HAVE_SSL) && defined(HAVE_LIBSSL)
 /*
- * 'http_bio_ctrl()' - Control the HTTP connection.
+ * 'http_add_field()' - Add a value for a HTTP field, appending if needed.
  */
 
-static long                            /* O - Result/data */
-http_bio_ctrl(BIO  *h,                 /* I - BIO data */
-              int  cmd,                        /* I - Control command */
-             long arg1,                /* I - First argument */
-             void *arg2)               /* I - Second argument */
+static void
+http_add_field(http_t       *http,     /* I - HTTP connection */
+               http_field_t field,     /* I - HTTP field */
+               const char   *value,    /* I - Value string */
+               int          append)    /* I - Append value? */
 {
-  switch (cmd)
-  {
-    default :
-        return (0);
-
-    case BIO_CTRL_RESET :
-        h->ptr = NULL;
-       return (0);
-
-    case BIO_C_SET_FILE_PTR :
-        h->ptr  = arg2;
-       h->init = 1;
-       return (1);
+  char         temp[1024];             /* Temporary value string */
+  size_t       fieldlen,               /* Length of existing value */
+               valuelen,               /* Length of value string */
+               total;                  /* Total length of string */
 
-    case BIO_C_GET_FILE_PTR :
-        if (arg2)
-       {
-         *((void **)arg2) = h->ptr;
-         return (1);
-       }
-       else
-         return (0);
-
-    case BIO_CTRL_DUP :
-    case BIO_CTRL_FLUSH :
-        return (1);
-  }
-}
-
-
-/*
- * 'http_bio_free()' - Free OpenSSL data.
- */
-
-static int                             /* O - 1 on success, 0 on failure */
-http_bio_free(BIO *h)                  /* I - BIO data */
-{
-  if (!h)
-    return (0);
 
-  if (h->shutdown)
+  if (field == HTTP_FIELD_HOST)
   {
-    h->init  = 0;
-    h->flags = 0;
-  }
-
-  return (1);
-}
-
-
-/*
- * 'http_bio_new()' - Initialize an OpenSSL BIO structure.
- */
+   /*
+    * Special-case for Host: as we don't want a trailing "." on the hostname and
+    * need to bracket IPv6 numeric addresses.
+    */
 
-static int                             /* O - 1 on success, 0 on failure */
-http_bio_new(BIO *h)                   /* I - BIO data */
-{
-  if (!h)
-    return (0);
+    char *ptr = strchr(value, ':');
 
-  h->init  = 0;
-  h->num   = 0;
-  h->ptr   = NULL;
-  h->flags = 0;
+    if (value[0] != '[' && ptr && strchr(ptr + 1, ':'))
+    {
+     /*
+      * Bracket IPv6 numeric addresses...
+      *
+      * This is slightly inefficient (basically copying twice), but is an edge
+      * case and not worth optimizing...
+      */
 
-  return (1);
-}
+      snprintf(temp, sizeof(temp), "[%s]", value);
+      value = temp;
+    }
+    else if (*value)
+    {
+     /*
+      * Check for a trailing dot on the hostname...
+      */
 
+      strlcpy(temp, value, sizeof(temp));
+      value = temp;
+      ptr   = temp + strlen(temp) - 1;
 
-/*
- * 'http_bio_puts()' - Send a string for OpenSSL.
- */
+      if (*ptr == '.')
+       *ptr = '\0';
+    }
+  }
 
-static int                             /* O - Bytes written */
-http_bio_puts(BIO        *h,           /* I - BIO data */
-              const char *str)         /* I - String to write */
-{
-#ifdef WIN32
-  return (send(((http_t *)h->ptr)->fd, str, (int)strlen(str), 0));
-#else
-  return (send(((http_t *)h->ptr)->fd, str, strlen(str), 0));
-#endif /* WIN32 */
-}
+  if (append && field != HTTP_FIELD_ACCEPT_ENCODING && field != HTTP_FIELD_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE && field != HTTP_FIELD_ACCEPT_RANGES && field != HTTP_FIELD_ALLOW && field != HTTP_FIELD_LINK && field != HTTP_FIELD_TRANSFER_ENCODING && field != HTTP_FIELD_UPGRADE && field != HTTP_FIELD_WWW_AUTHENTICATE)
+    append = 0;
 
+  if (!append && http->fields[field])
+  {
+    if (http->fields[field] != http->_fields[field])
+      free(http->fields[field]);
 
-/*
- * 'http_bio_read()' - Read data for OpenSSL.
- */
+    http->fields[field] = NULL;
+  }
 
-static int                             /* O - Bytes read */
-http_bio_read(BIO  *h,                 /* I - BIO data */
-              char *buf,               /* I - Buffer */
-             int  size)                /* I - Number of bytes to read */
-{
-  http_t       *http;                  /* HTTP connection */
+  valuelen = strlen(value);
 
+  if (!valuelen)
+  {
+    http->_fields[field][0] = '\0';
+    return;
+  }
 
-  http = (http_t *)h->ptr;
+  if (http->fields[field])
+  {
+    fieldlen = strlen(http->fields[field]);
+    total    = fieldlen + 2 + valuelen;
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    fieldlen = 0;
+    total    = valuelen;
+  }
 
-  if (!http->blocking)
+  if (total < HTTP_MAX_VALUE && field < HTTP_FIELD_ACCEPT_ENCODING)
   {
    /*
-    * Make sure we have data before we read...
+    * Copy short values to legacy char arrays (maintained for binary
+    * compatibility with CUPS 1.2.x and earlier applications...)
     */
 
-    while (!_httpWait(http, http->wait_value, 0))
+    if (fieldlen)
     {
-      if (http->timeout_cb && (*http->timeout_cb)(http, http->timeout_data))
-       continue;
-
-#ifdef WIN32
-      http->error = WSAETIMEDOUT;
-#else
-      http->error = ETIMEDOUT;
-#endif /* WIN32 */
+      char     combined[HTTP_MAX_VALUE];
+                                       /* Combined value string */
 
-      return (-1);
+      snprintf(combined, sizeof(combined), "%s, %s", http->_fields[field], value);
+      value = combined;
     }
+
+    strlcpy(http->_fields[field], value, sizeof(http->_fields[field]));
+    http->fields[field] = http->_fields[field];
   }
+  else if (fieldlen)
+  {
+   /*
+    * Expand the field value...
+    */
 
-  return (recv(http->fd, buf, size, 0));
-}
+    char       *combined;              /* New value string */
 
+    if ((combined = realloc(http->fields[field], total + 1)) != NULL)
+    {
+      http->fields[field] = combined;
+      strlcat(combined, ", ", total + 1);
+      strlcat(combined, value, total + 1);
+    }
+  }
+  else
+  {
+   /*
+    * Allocate the field value...
+    */
 
-/*
- * 'http_bio_write()' - Write data for OpenSSL.
- */
+    http->fields[field] = strdup(value);
+  }
 
-static int                             /* O - Bytes written */
-http_bio_write(BIO        *h,          /* I - BIO data */
-               const char *buf,                /* I - Buffer to write */
-              int        num)          /* I - Number of bytes to write */
-{
-  return (send(((http_t *)h->ptr)->fd, buf, num, 0));
+#ifdef HAVE_LIBZ
+  if (field == HTTP_FIELD_CONTENT_ENCODING && http->data_encoding != HTTP_ENCODING_FIELDS)
+  {
+    DEBUG_puts("1httpSetField: Calling http_content_coding_start.");
+    http_content_coding_start(http, value);
+  }
+#endif /* HAVE_LIBZ */
 }
-#endif /* HAVE_SSL && HAVE_LIBSSL */
 
 
 #ifdef HAVE_LIBZ
@@ -4335,28 +3675,46 @@ static void
 http_content_coding_finish(
     http_t *http)                      /* I - HTTP connection */
 {
-  int  zerr;                           /* Compression status */
+  int          zerr;                   /* Compression status */
+  Byte         dummy[1];               /* Dummy read buffer */
+  size_t       bytes;                  /* Number of bytes to write */
 
 
+  DEBUG_printf(("http_content_coding_finish(http=%p)", (void *)http));
+  DEBUG_printf(("1http_content_coding_finishing: http->coding=%d", http->coding));
+
   switch (http->coding)
   {
     case _HTTP_CODING_DEFLATE :
     case _HTTP_CODING_GZIP :
+        http->stream.next_in  = dummy;
+        http->stream.avail_in = 0;
+
         do
         {
-          http->stream.next_out  = (Bytef *)http->wbuffer + http->wused;
-          http->stream.avail_out = sizeof(http->wbuffer) - http->wused;
+          zerr  = deflate(&(http->stream), Z_FINISH);
+         bytes = _HTTP_MAX_SBUFFER - http->stream.avail_out;
 
-          zerr = deflate(&(http->stream), Z_FINISH);
+          if (bytes > 0)
+         {
+           DEBUG_printf(("1http_content_coding_finish: Writing trailing chunk, len=%d", (int)bytes));
 
-          http->wused = sizeof(http->wbuffer) - http->stream.avail_out;
-          if (http->wused == sizeof(http->wbuffer))
-            httpFlushWrite(http);
-        }
+           if (http->data_encoding == HTTP_ENCODING_CHUNKED)
+             http_write_chunk(http, (char *)http->sbuffer, bytes);
+           else
+             http_write(http, (char *)http->sbuffer, bytes);
+          }
+
+          http->stream.next_out  = (Bytef *)http->sbuffer;
+          http->stream.avail_out = (uInt)_HTTP_MAX_SBUFFER;
+       }
         while (zerr == Z_OK);
 
         deflateEnd(&(http->stream));
 
+        free(http->sbuffer);
+        http->sbuffer = NULL;
+
         if (http->wused)
           httpFlushWrite(http);
         break;
@@ -4364,6 +3722,8 @@ http_content_coding_finish(
     case _HTTP_CODING_INFLATE :
     case _HTTP_CODING_GUNZIP :
         inflateEnd(&(http->stream));
+        free(http->sbuffer);
+        http->sbuffer = NULL;
         break;
 
     default :
@@ -4387,8 +3747,7 @@ http_content_coding_start(
   _http_coding_t       coding;         /* Content coding value */
 
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("http_content_coding_start(http=%p, value=\"%s\")", http,
-                value));
+  DEBUG_printf(("http_content_coding_start(http=%p, value=\"%s\")", (void *)http, value));
 
   if (http->coding != _HTTP_CODING_IDENTITY)
   {
@@ -4398,10 +3757,12 @@ http_content_coding_start(
   }
   else if (!strcmp(value, "x-gzip") || !strcmp(value, "gzip"))
   {
-    if (http->state == HTTP_GET_SEND || http->state == HTTP_POST_SEND)
+    if (http->state == HTTP_STATE_GET_SEND ||
+        http->state == HTTP_STATE_POST_SEND)
       coding = http->mode == _HTTP_MODE_SERVER ? _HTTP_CODING_GZIP :
                                                  _HTTP_CODING_GUNZIP;
-    else if (http->state == HTTP_STATE_POST_RECV || http->state == HTTP_PUT_RECV)
+    else if (http->state == HTTP_STATE_POST_RECV ||
+             http->state == HTTP_STATE_PUT_RECV)
       coding = http->mode == _HTTP_MODE_CLIENT ? _HTTP_CODING_GZIP :
                                                  _HTTP_CODING_GUNZIP;
     else
@@ -4412,10 +3773,12 @@ http_content_coding_start(
   }
   else if (!strcmp(value, "x-deflate") || !strcmp(value, "deflate"))
   {
-    if (http->state == HTTP_GET_SEND || http->state == HTTP_POST_SEND)
+    if (http->state == HTTP_STATE_GET_SEND ||
+        http->state == HTTP_STATE_POST_SEND)
       coding = http->mode == _HTTP_MODE_SERVER ? _HTTP_CODING_DEFLATE :
                                                  _HTTP_CODING_INFLATE;
-    else if (http->state == HTTP_STATE_POST_RECV || http->state == HTTP_PUT_RECV)
+    else if (http->state == HTTP_STATE_POST_RECV ||
+             http->state == HTTP_STATE_PUT_RECV)
       coding = http->mode == _HTTP_MODE_CLIENT ? _HTTP_CODING_DEFLATE :
                                                  _HTTP_CODING_INFLATE;
     else
@@ -4439,37 +3802,161 @@ http_content_coding_start(
         if (http->wused)
           httpFlushWrite(http);
 
-        if ((zerr = deflateInit2(&(http->stream), Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION,
-                                 Z_DEFLATED,
-                                coding == _HTTP_CODING_DEFLATE ? 11 : 27, 7,
-                                Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY)) < Z_OK)
-        {
-          http->status = HTTP_ERROR;
-          http->error  = zerr == Z_MEM_ERROR ? ENOMEM : EINVAL;
-          return;
-        }
-        break;
+        if ((http->sbuffer = malloc(_HTTP_MAX_SBUFFER)) == NULL)
+        {
+          http->status = HTTP_STATUS_ERROR;
+          http->error  = errno;
+          return;
+        }
+
+       /*
+        * Window size for compression is 11 bits - optimal based on PWG Raster
+        * sample files on pwg.org.  -11 is raw deflate, 27 is gzip, per ZLIB
+        * documentation.
+        */
+
+        if ((zerr = deflateInit2(&(http->stream), Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION,
+                                 Z_DEFLATED,
+                                coding == _HTTP_CODING_DEFLATE ? -11 : 27, 7,
+                                Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY)) < Z_OK)
+        {
+          http->status = HTTP_STATUS_ERROR;
+          http->error  = zerr == Z_MEM_ERROR ? ENOMEM : EINVAL;
+          return;
+        }
+
+       http->stream.next_out  = (Bytef *)http->sbuffer;
+       http->stream.avail_out = (uInt)_HTTP_MAX_SBUFFER;
+        break;
+
+    case _HTTP_CODING_INFLATE :
+    case _HTTP_CODING_GUNZIP :
+        if ((http->sbuffer = malloc(_HTTP_MAX_SBUFFER)) == NULL)
+        {
+          http->status = HTTP_STATUS_ERROR;
+          http->error  = errno;
+          return;
+        }
+
+       /*
+        * Window size for decompression is up to 15 bits (maximum supported).
+        * -15 is raw inflate, 31 is gunzip, per ZLIB documentation.
+        */
+
+        if ((zerr = inflateInit2(&(http->stream),
+                                 coding == _HTTP_CODING_INFLATE ? -15 : 31))
+               < Z_OK)
+        {
+          free(http->sbuffer);
+          http->sbuffer = NULL;
+          http->status  = HTTP_STATUS_ERROR;
+          http->error   = zerr == Z_MEM_ERROR ? ENOMEM : EINVAL;
+          return;
+        }
+
+        http->stream.avail_in = 0;
+        http->stream.next_in  = http->sbuffer;
+        break;
+
+    default :
+        break;
+  }
+
+  http->coding = coding;
+
+  DEBUG_printf(("1http_content_coding_start: http->coding now %d.",
+               http->coding));
+}
+#endif /* HAVE_LIBZ */
+
+
+/*
+ * 'http_create()' - Create an unconnected HTTP connection.
+ */
+
+static http_t *                                /* O - HTTP connection */
+http_create(
+    const char        *host,           /* I - Hostname */
+    int               port,            /* I - Port number */
+    http_addrlist_t   *addrlist,       /* I - Address list or @code NULL@ */
+    int               family,          /* I - Address family or AF_UNSPEC */
+    http_encryption_t encryption,      /* I - Encryption to use */
+    int               blocking,                /* I - 1 for blocking mode */
+    _http_mode_t      mode)            /* I - _HTTP_MODE_CLIENT or _SERVER */
+{
+  http_t       *http;                  /* New HTTP connection */
+  char         service[255];           /* Service name */
+  http_addrlist_t *myaddrlist = NULL;  /* My address list */
+
+
+  DEBUG_printf(("4http_create(host=\"%s\", port=%d, addrlist=%p, family=%d, encryption=%d, blocking=%d, mode=%d)", host, port, (void *)addrlist, family, encryption, blocking, mode));
+
+  if (!host && mode == _HTTP_MODE_CLIENT)
+    return (NULL);
+
+  httpInitialize();
+
+ /*
+  * Lookup the host...
+  */
+
+  if (addrlist)
+  {
+    myaddrlist = httpAddrCopyList(addrlist);
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    snprintf(service, sizeof(service), "%d", port);
+
+    myaddrlist = httpAddrGetList(host, family, service);
+  }
+
+  if (!myaddrlist)
+    return (NULL);
+
+ /*
+  * Allocate memory for the structure...
+  */
+
+  if ((http = calloc(sizeof(http_t), 1)) == NULL)
+  {
+    _cupsSetError(IPP_STATUS_ERROR_INTERNAL, strerror(errno), 0);
+    httpAddrFreeList(myaddrlist);
+    return (NULL);
+  }
+
+ /*
+  * Initialize the HTTP data...
+  */
+
+  http->mode     = mode;
+  http->activity = time(NULL);
+  http->addrlist = myaddrlist;
+  http->blocking = blocking;
+  http->fd       = -1;
+#ifdef HAVE_GSSAPI
+  http->gssctx   = GSS_C_NO_CONTEXT;
+  http->gssname  = GSS_C_NO_NAME;
+#endif /* HAVE_GSSAPI */
+  http->status   = HTTP_STATUS_CONTINUE;
+  http->version  = HTTP_VERSION_1_1;
 
-    case _HTTP_CODING_INFLATE :
-    case _HTTP_CODING_GUNZIP :
-        if ((zerr = inflateInit2(&(http->stream), 32 + 15)) < Z_OK)
-        {
-          http->status = HTTP_ERROR;
-          http->error  = zerr == Z_MEM_ERROR ? ENOMEM : EINVAL;
-          return;
-        }
-        break;
+  if (host)
+    strlcpy(http->hostname, host, sizeof(http->hostname));
 
-    default :
-        break;
-  }
+  if (port == 443)                     /* Always use encryption for https */
+    http->encryption = HTTP_ENCRYPTION_ALWAYS;
+  else
+    http->encryption = encryption;
 
-  http->coding = coding;
+  http_set_wait(http);
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("1http_content_coding_start: http->coding now %d.",
-               http->coding));
+ /*
+  * Return the new structure...
+  */
+
+  return (http);
 }
-#endif /* HAVE_LIBZ */
 
 
 #ifdef DEBUG
@@ -4500,7 +3987,7 @@ http_debug_hex(const char *prefix,        /* I - Prefix for line */
   for (i = 0; i < bytes; i += 16)
   {
     for (j = 0, ptr = start; j < 16 && (i + j) < bytes; j ++, ptr += 2)
-      sprintf(ptr, "%02X", buffer[i + j] & 255);
+      snprintf(ptr, 3, "%02X", buffer[i + j] & 255);
 
     while (j < 16)
     {
@@ -4519,7 +4006,7 @@ http_debug_hex(const char *prefix,        /* I - Prefix for line */
       if (ch < ' ' || ch >= 127)
        ch = '.';
 
-      *ptr++ = ch;
+      *ptr++ = (char)ch;
     }
 
     *ptr = '\0';
@@ -4530,112 +4017,224 @@ http_debug_hex(const char *prefix,    /* I - Prefix for line */
 
 
 /*
- * 'http_field()' - Return the field index for a field name.
+ * 'http_read()' - Read a buffer from a HTTP connection.
+ *
+ * This function does the low-level read from the socket, retrying and timing
+ * out as needed.
  */
 
-static http_field_t                    /* O - Field index */
-http_field(const char *name)           /* I - String name */
+static ssize_t                         /* O - Number of bytes read or -1 on error */
+http_read(http_t *http,                        /* I - HTTP connection */
+          char   *buffer,              /* I - Buffer */
+          size_t length)               /* I - Maximum bytes to read */
 {
-  int  i;                              /* Looping var */
+  ssize_t      bytes;                  /* Bytes read */
 
 
-  for (i = 0; i < HTTP_FIELD_MAX; i ++)
-    if (_cups_strcasecmp(name, http_fields[i]) == 0)
-      return ((http_field_t)i);
+  DEBUG_printf(("http_read(http=%p, buffer=%p, length=" CUPS_LLFMT ")", (void *)http, (void *)buffer, CUPS_LLCAST length));
 
-  return (HTTP_FIELD_UNKNOWN);
-}
+  if (!http->blocking || http->timeout_value > 0.0)
+  {
+    while (!httpWait(http, http->wait_value))
+    {
+      if (http->timeout_cb && (*http->timeout_cb)(http, http->timeout_data))
+       continue;
 
+      DEBUG_puts("2http_read: Timeout.");
+      return (0);
+    }
+  }
+
+  DEBUG_printf(("2http_read: Reading %d bytes into buffer.", (int)length));
 
+  do
+  {
 #ifdef HAVE_SSL
+    if (http->tls)
+      bytes = _httpTLSRead(http, buffer, (int)length);
+    else
+#endif /* HAVE_SSL */
+    bytes = recv(http->fd, buffer, length, 0);
+
+    if (bytes < 0)
+    {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+      if (WSAGetLastError() != WSAEINTR)
+      {
+       http->error = WSAGetLastError();
+       return (-1);
+      }
+      else if (WSAGetLastError() == WSAEWOULDBLOCK)
+      {
+       if (!http->timeout_cb ||
+           !(*http->timeout_cb)(http, http->timeout_data))
+       {
+         http->error = WSAEWOULDBLOCK;
+         return (-1);
+       }
+      }
+#else
+      DEBUG_printf(("2http_read: %s", strerror(errno)));
+
+      if (errno == EWOULDBLOCK || errno == EAGAIN)
+      {
+       if (http->timeout_cb && !(*http->timeout_cb)(http, http->timeout_data))
+       {
+         http->error = errno;
+         return (-1);
+       }
+       else if (!http->timeout_cb && errno != EAGAIN)
+       {
+         http->error = errno;
+         return (-1);
+       }
+      }
+      else if (errno != EINTR)
+      {
+       http->error = errno;
+       return (-1);
+      }
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+    }
+  }
+  while (bytes < 0);
+
+  DEBUG_printf(("2http_read: Read " CUPS_LLFMT " bytes into buffer.",
+               CUPS_LLCAST bytes));
+#ifdef DEBUG
+  if (bytes > 0)
+    http_debug_hex("http_read", buffer, (int)bytes);
+#endif /* DEBUG */
+
+  if (bytes < 0)
+  {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    if (WSAGetLastError() == WSAEINTR)
+      bytes = 0;
+    else
+      http->error = WSAGetLastError();
+#else
+    if (errno == EINTR || (errno == EAGAIN && !http->timeout_cb))
+      bytes = 0;
+    else
+      http->error = errno;
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+  }
+  else if (bytes == 0)
+  {
+    http->error = EPIPE;
+    return (0);
+  }
+
+  return (bytes);
+}
+
+
 /*
- * 'http_read_ssl()' - Read from a SSL/TLS connection.
+ * 'http_read_buffered()' - Do a buffered read from a HTTP connection.
+ *
+ * This function reads data from the HTTP buffer or from the socket, as needed.
  */
 
-static int                             /* O - Bytes read */
-http_read_ssl(http_t *http,            /* I - Connection to server */
-             char   *buf,              /* I - Buffer to store data */
-             int    len)               /* I - Length of buffer */
+static ssize_t                         /* O - Number of bytes read or -1 on error */
+http_read_buffered(http_t *http,       /* I - HTTP connection */
+                   char   *buffer,     /* I - Buffer */
+                   size_t length)      /* I - Maximum bytes to read */
 {
-#  if defined(HAVE_LIBSSL)
-  return (SSL_read((SSL *)(http->tls), buf, len));
-
-#  elif defined(HAVE_GNUTLS)
-  ssize_t      result;                 /* Return value */
+  ssize_t      bytes;                  /* Bytes read */
 
 
-  result = gnutls_record_recv(http->tls, buf, len);
+  DEBUG_printf(("http_read_buffered(http=%p, buffer=%p, length=" CUPS_LLFMT ") used=%d", (void *)http, (void *)buffer, CUPS_LLCAST length, http->used));
 
-  if (result < 0 && !errno)
+  if (http->used > 0)
   {
-   /*
-    * Convert GNU TLS error to errno value...
-    */
-
-    switch (result)
-    {
-      case GNUTLS_E_INTERRUPTED :
-         errno = EINTR;
-         break;
+    if (length > (size_t)http->used)
+      bytes = (ssize_t)http->used;
+    else
+      bytes = (ssize_t)length;
 
-      case GNUTLS_E_AGAIN :
-          errno = EAGAIN;
-          break;
+    DEBUG_printf(("2http_read: Grabbing %d bytes from input buffer.",
+                  (int)bytes));
 
-      default :
-          errno = EPIPE;
-          break;
-    }
+    memcpy(buffer, http->buffer, (size_t)bytes);
+    http->used -= (int)bytes;
 
-    result = -1;
+    if (http->used > 0)
+      memmove(http->buffer, http->buffer + bytes, (size_t)http->used);
   }
+  else
+    bytes = http_read(http, buffer, length);
+
+  return (bytes);
+}
 
-  return ((int)result);
 
-#  elif defined(HAVE_CDSASSL)
-  int          result;                 /* Return value */
-  OSStatus     error;                  /* Error info */
-  size_t       processed;              /* Number of bytes processed */
+/*
+ * 'http_read_chunk()' - Read a chunk from a HTTP connection.
+ *
+ * This function reads and validates the chunk length, then does a buffered read
+ * returning the number of bytes placed in the buffer.
+ */
 
+static ssize_t                         /* O - Number of bytes read or -1 on error */
+http_read_chunk(http_t *http,          /* I - HTTP connection */
+               char   *buffer,         /* I - Buffer */
+               size_t length)          /* I - Maximum bytes to read */
+{
+  DEBUG_printf(("http_read_chunk(http=%p, buffer=%p, length=" CUPS_LLFMT ")", (void *)http, (void *)buffer, CUPS_LLCAST length));
 
-  error = SSLRead(http->tls, buf, len, &processed);
-  DEBUG_printf(("6http_read_ssl: error=%d, processed=%d", (int)error,
-                (int)processed));
-  switch (error)
+  if (http->data_remaining <= 0)
   {
-    case 0 :
-       result = (int)processed;
-       break;
+    char       len[32];                /* Length string */
 
-    case errSSLWouldBlock :
-       if (processed)
-         result = (int)processed;
-       else
-       {
-         result = -1;
-         errno  = EINTR;
-       }
-       break;
+    if (!httpGets(len, sizeof(len), http))
+    {
+      DEBUG_puts("1http_read_chunk: Could not get chunk length.");
+      return (0);
+    }
 
-    case errSSLClosedGraceful :
-    default :
-       if (processed)
-         result = (int)processed;
-       else
-       {
-         result = -1;
-         errno  = EPIPE;
-       }
-       break;
+    if (!len[0])
+    {
+      DEBUG_puts("1http_read_chunk: Blank chunk length, trying again...");
+      if (!httpGets(len, sizeof(len), http))
+      {
+       DEBUG_puts("1http_read_chunk: Could not get chunk length.");
+       return (0);
+      }
+    }
+
+    http->data_remaining = strtoll(len, NULL, 16);
+
+    if (http->data_remaining < 0)
+    {
+      DEBUG_printf(("1http_read_chunk: Negative chunk length \"%s\" ("
+                    CUPS_LLFMT ")", len, CUPS_LLCAST http->data_remaining));
+      return (0);
+    }
+
+    DEBUG_printf(("2http_read_chunk: Got chunk length \"%s\" (" CUPS_LLFMT ")",
+                  len, CUPS_LLCAST http->data_remaining));
+
+    if (http->data_remaining == 0)
+    {
+     /*
+      * 0-length chunk, grab trailing blank line...
+      */
+
+      httpGets(len, sizeof(len), http);
+    }
   }
 
-  return (result);
+  DEBUG_printf(("2http_read_chunk: data_remaining=" CUPS_LLFMT,
+                CUPS_LLCAST http->data_remaining));
+
+  if (http->data_remaining <= 0)
+    return (0);
+  else if (length > (size_t)http->data_remaining)
+    length = (size_t)http->data_remaining;
 
-#  elif defined(HAVE_SSPISSL)
-  return _sspiRead((_sspi_struct_t*) http->tls, buf, len);
-#  endif /* HAVE_LIBSSL */
+  return (http_read_buffered(http, buffer, length));
 }
-#endif /* HAVE_SSL */
 
 
 /*
@@ -4643,7 +4242,7 @@ http_read_ssl(http_t *http,               /* I - Connection to server */
  */
 
 static int                             /* O - 0 on success, non-zero on error */
-http_send(http_t       *http,          /* I - Connection to server */
+http_send(http_t       *http,          /* I - HTTP connection */
           http_state_t request,                /* I - Request code */
          const char   *uri)            /* I - URI */
 {
@@ -4670,8 +4269,7 @@ http_send(http_t       *http,             /* I - Connection to server */
                };
 
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("7http_send(http=%p, request=HTTP_%s, uri=\"%s\")",
-                http, codes[request], uri));
+  DEBUG_printf(("4http_send(http=%p, request=HTTP_%s, uri=\"%s\")", (void *)http, codes[request], uri));
 
   if (http == NULL || uri == NULL)
     return (-1);
@@ -4680,17 +4278,20 @@ http_send(http_t       *http,           /* I - Connection to server */
   * Set the User-Agent field if it isn't already...
   */
 
-  if (!http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_USER_AGENT][0])
-    httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_USER_AGENT, CUPS_MINIMAL);
+  if (!http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_USER_AGENT])
+  {
+    if (http->default_fields[HTTP_FIELD_USER_AGENT])
+      httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_USER_AGENT, http->default_fields[HTTP_FIELD_USER_AGENT]);
+    else
+      httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_USER_AGENT, cupsUserAgent());
+  }
 
-#ifdef HAVE_LIBZ
  /*
   * Set the Accept-Encoding field if it isn't already...
   */
 
-  if (!http->accept_encoding)
-    httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_ACCEPT_ENCODING, "gzip, deflate, identity");
-#endif /* HAVE_LIBZ */
+  if (!http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_ACCEPT_ENCODING] && http->default_fields[HTTP_FIELD_ACCEPT_ENCODING])
+    httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_ACCEPT_ENCODING, http->default_fields[HTTP_FIELD_ACCEPT_ENCODING]);
 
  /*
   * Encode the URI as needed...
@@ -4702,10 +4303,15 @@ http_send(http_t       *http,           /* I - Connection to server */
   * See if we had an error the last time around; if so, reconnect...
   */
 
-  if (http->fd < 0 || http->status == HTTP_ERROR ||
-      http->status >= HTTP_BAD_REQUEST)
-    if (httpReconnect(http))
+  if (http->fd < 0 || http->status == HTTP_STATUS_ERROR ||
+      http->status >= HTTP_STATUS_BAD_REQUEST)
+  {
+    DEBUG_printf(("5http_send: Reconnecting, fd=%d, status=%d, tls_upgrade=%d",
+                  http->fd, http->status, http->tls_upgrade));
+
+    if (httpReconnect2(http, 30000, NULL))
       return (-1);
+  }
 
  /*
   * Flush any written data that is pending...
@@ -4714,7 +4320,7 @@ http_send(http_t       *http,             /* I - Connection to server */
   if (http->wused)
   {
     if (httpFlushWrite(http) < 0)
-      if (httpReconnect(http))
+      if (httpReconnect2(http, 30000, NULL))
         return (-1);
   }
 
@@ -4725,13 +4331,13 @@ http_send(http_t       *http,           /* I - Connection to server */
   http->state         = request;
   http->data_encoding = HTTP_ENCODING_FIELDS;
 
-  if (request == HTTP_POST || request == HTTP_PUT)
+  if (request == HTTP_STATE_POST || request == HTTP_STATE_PUT)
     http->state ++;
 
-  http->status = HTTP_CONTINUE;
+  http->status = HTTP_STATUS_CONTINUE;
 
 #ifdef HAVE_SSL
-  if (http->encryption == HTTP_ENCRYPT_REQUIRED && !http->tls)
+  if (http->encryption == HTTP_ENCRYPTION_REQUIRED && !http->tls)
   {
     httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_CONNECTION, "Upgrade");
     httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_UPGRADE, "TLS/1.2,TLS/1.1,TLS/1.0");
@@ -4740,27 +4346,27 @@ http_send(http_t       *http,           /* I - Connection to server */
 
   if (httpPrintf(http, "%s %s HTTP/1.1\r\n", codes[request], buf) < 1)
   {
-    http->status = HTTP_ERROR;
+    http->status = HTTP_STATUS_ERROR;
     return (-1);
   }
 
   for (i = 0; i < HTTP_FIELD_MAX; i ++)
     if ((value = httpGetField(http, i)) != NULL && *value)
     {
-      DEBUG_printf(("9http_send: %s: %s", http_fields[i], value));
+      DEBUG_printf(("5http_send: %s: %s", http_fields[i], value));
 
       if (i == HTTP_FIELD_HOST)
       {
        if (httpPrintf(http, "Host: %s:%d\r\n", value,
                       httpAddrPort(http->hostaddr)) < 1)
        {
-         http->status = HTTP_ERROR;
+         http->status = HTTP_STATUS_ERROR;
          return (-1);
        }
       }
       else if (httpPrintf(http, "%s: %s\r\n", http_fields[i], value) < 1)
       {
-       http->status = HTTP_ERROR;
+       http->status = HTTP_STATUS_ERROR;
        return (-1);
       }
     }
@@ -4768,144 +4374,52 @@ http_send(http_t       *http,          /* I - Connection to server */
   if (http->cookie)
     if (httpPrintf(http, "Cookie: $Version=0; %s\r\n", http->cookie) < 1)
     {
-      http->status = HTTP_ERROR;
+      http->status = HTTP_STATUS_ERROR;
       return (-1);
     }
 
-  if (http->expect == HTTP_CONTINUE && http->mode == _HTTP_MODE_CLIENT &&
-      (http->state == HTTP_STATE_POST_RECV || http->state == HTTP_PUT_RECV))
+  DEBUG_printf(("5http_send: expect=%d, mode=%d, state=%d", http->expect,
+                http->mode, http->state));
+
+  if (http->expect == HTTP_STATUS_CONTINUE && http->mode == _HTTP_MODE_CLIENT &&
+      (http->state == HTTP_STATE_POST_RECV ||
+       http->state == HTTP_STATE_PUT_RECV))
     if (httpPrintf(http, "Expect: 100-continue\r\n") < 1)
     {
-      http->status = HTTP_ERROR;
+      http->status = HTTP_STATUS_ERROR;
       return (-1);
     }
 
   if (httpPrintf(http, "\r\n") < 1)
   {
-    http->status = HTTP_ERROR;
-    return (-1);
-  }
-
-  if (httpFlushWrite(http) < 0)
+    http->status = HTTP_STATUS_ERROR;
     return (-1);
-
-  http_set_length(http);
-  httpClearFields(http);
-
- /*
-  * The Kerberos and AuthRef authentication strings can only be used once...
-  */
-
-  if (http->field_authorization && http->authstring &&
-      (!strncmp(http->authstring, "Negotiate", 9) ||
-       !strncmp(http->authstring, "AuthRef", 7)))
-  {
-    http->_authstring[0] = '\0';
-
-    if (http->authstring != http->_authstring)
-      free(http->authstring);
-
-    http->authstring = http->_authstring;
   }
 
-  return (0);
-}
-
-
-#ifdef HAVE_SSL
-#  if defined(HAVE_CDSASSL) && defined(HAVE_SECCERTIFICATECOPYDATA)
-/*
- * 'http_set_credentials()' - Set the SSL/TLS credentials.
- */
-
-static int                             /* O - Status of connection */
-http_set_credentials(http_t *http)     /* I - Connection to server */
-{
-  _cups_globals_t *cg = _cupsGlobals();        /* Pointer to library globals */
-  OSStatus             error = 0;      /* Error code */
-  http_tls_credentials_t credentials = NULL;
-                                       /* TLS credentials */
-
-
-  DEBUG_printf(("7http_set_credentials(%p)", http));
-
- /*
-  * Prefer connection specific credentials...
-  */
-
-  if ((credentials = http->tls_credentials) == NULL)
-    credentials = cg->tls_credentials;
-
-#    if HAVE_SECPOLICYCREATESSL
- /*
-  * Otherwise root around in the user's keychain to see if one can be found...
-  */
-
-  if (!credentials)
-  {
-    CFDictionaryRef    query;          /* Query dictionary */
-    CFTypeRef          matches = NULL; /* Matching credentials */
-    CFArrayRef         dn_array = NULL;/* Distinguished names array */
-    CFTypeRef          keys[]   = { kSecClass,
-                                    kSecMatchLimit,
-                                    kSecReturnRef };
-                                       /* Keys for dictionary */
-    CFTypeRef          values[] = { kSecClassCertificate,
-                                    kSecMatchLimitOne,
-                                    kCFBooleanTrue };
-                                       /* Values for dictionary */
-
-   /*
-    * Get the names associated with the server.
-    */
-
-    if ((error = SSLCopyDistinguishedNames(http->tls, &dn_array)) != noErr)
-    {
-      DEBUG_printf(("4http_set_credentials: SSLCopyDistinguishedNames, error=%d",
-                    (int)error));
-      return (error);
-    }
-
-   /*
-    * Create a query which will return all identities that can sign and match
-    * the passed in policy.
-    */
-
-    query = CFDictionaryCreate(NULL,
-                              (const void**)(&keys[0]),
-                              (const void**)(&values[0]),
-                              sizeof(keys) / sizeof(keys[0]),
-                              &kCFTypeDictionaryKeyCallBacks,
-                              &kCFTypeDictionaryValueCallBacks);
-    if (query)
-    {
-      error = SecItemCopyMatching(query, &matches);
-      DEBUG_printf(("4http_set_credentials: SecItemCopyMatching, error=%d",
-                   (int)error));
-      CFRelease(query);
-    }
+  if (httpFlushWrite(http) < 0)
+    return (-1);
 
-    if (matches)
-      CFRelease(matches);
+  http_set_length(http);
+  httpClearFields(http);
 
-    if (dn_array)
-      CFRelease(dn_array);
-  }
-#    endif /* HAVE_SECPOLICYCREATESSL */
+ /*
+  * The Kerberos and AuthRef authentication strings can only be used once...
+  */
 
-  if (credentials)
+  if (http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_AUTHORIZATION] && http->authstring &&
+      (!strncmp(http->authstring, "Negotiate", 9) ||
+       !strncmp(http->authstring, "AuthRef", 7)))
   {
-    error = SSLSetCertificate(http->tls, credentials);
-    DEBUG_printf(("4http_set_credentials: SSLSetCertificate, error=%d",
-                 (int)error));
+    http->_authstring[0] = '\0';
+
+    if (http->authstring != http->_authstring)
+      free(http->authstring);
+
+    http->authstring = http->_authstring;
   }
-  else
-    DEBUG_puts("4http_set_credentials: No credentials to set.");
 
-  return (error);
+  return (0);
 }
-#  endif /* HAVE_CDSASSL && HAVE_SECCERTIFICATECOPYDATA */
-#endif /* HAVE_SSL */
 
 
 /*
@@ -4918,8 +4432,7 @@ http_set_length(http_t *http)             /* I - Connection */
   off_t        remaining;                      /* Remainder */
 
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("http_set_length(http=%p) mode=%d state=%s", http, http->mode,
-                http_states[http->state + 1]));
+  DEBUG_printf(("http_set_length(http=%p) mode=%d state=%s", (void *)http, http->mode, httpStateString(http->state)));
 
   if ((remaining = httpGetLength2(http)) >= 0)
   {
@@ -4933,8 +4446,7 @@ http_set_length(http_t *http)             /* I - Connection */
       return (remaining);
     }
 
-    if (!_cups_strcasecmp(http->fields[HTTP_FIELD_TRANSFER_ENCODING],
-                          "chunked"))
+    if (!_cups_strcasecmp(httpGetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_TRANSFER_ENCODING), "chunked"))
     {
       DEBUG_puts("1http_set_length: Setting data_encoding to "
                  "HTTP_ENCODING_CHUNKED.");
@@ -4952,7 +4464,7 @@ http_set_length(http_t *http)             /* I - Connection */
     http->data_remaining = remaining;
 
     if (remaining <= INT_MAX)
-      http->_data_remaining = remaining;
+      http->_data_remaining = (int)remaining;
     else
       http->_data_remaining = INT_MAX;
   }
@@ -4968,12 +4480,12 @@ static void
 http_set_timeout(int    fd,            /* I - File descriptor */
                  double timeout)       /* I - Timeout in seconds */
 {
-#ifdef WIN32
+#ifdef _WIN32
   DWORD tv = (DWORD)(timeout * 1000);
                                      /* Timeout in milliseconds */
 
-  setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, (char *)&tv, sizeof(tv));
-  setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO, (char *)&tv, sizeof(tv));
+  setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, CUPS_SOCAST &tv, sizeof(tv));
+  setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO, CUPS_SOCAST &tv, sizeof(tv));
 
 #else
   struct timeval tv;                   /* Timeout in secs and usecs */
@@ -4981,9 +4493,9 @@ http_set_timeout(int    fd,               /* I - File descriptor */
   tv.tv_sec  = (int)timeout;
   tv.tv_usec = (int)(1000000 * fmod(timeout, 1.0));
 
-  setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, &tv, sizeof(tv));
-  setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO, &tv, sizeof(tv));
-#endif /* WIN32 */
+  setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, CUPS_SOCAST &tv, sizeof(tv));
+  setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO, CUPS_SOCAST &tv, sizeof(tv));
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
 }
 
 
@@ -4992,7 +4504,7 @@ http_set_timeout(int    fd,               /* I - File descriptor */
  */
 
 static void
-http_set_wait(http_t *http)            /* I - Connection to server */
+http_set_wait(http_t *http)            /* I - HTTP connection */
 {
   if (http->blocking)
   {
@@ -5008,527 +4520,17 @@ http_set_wait(http_t *http)            /* I - Connection to server */
 
 #ifdef HAVE_SSL
 /*
- * 'http_setup_ssl()' - Set up SSL/TLS support on a connection.
- */
-
-static int                             /* O - 0 on success, -1 on failure */
-http_setup_ssl(http_t *http)           /* I - Connection to server */
-{
-  _cups_globals_t      *cg = _cupsGlobals();
-                                       /* Pointer to library globals */
-  int                  any_root;       /* Allow any root */
-  char                 hostname[256],  /* Hostname */
-                       *hostptr;       /* Pointer into hostname */
-
-#  ifdef HAVE_LIBSSL
-  SSL_CTX              *context;       /* Context for encryption */
-  BIO                  *bio;           /* BIO data */
-  const char           *message = NULL;/* Error message */
-#  elif defined(HAVE_GNUTLS)
-  int                  status;         /* Status of handshake */
-  gnutls_certificate_client_credentials *credentials;
-                                       /* TLS credentials */
-#  elif defined(HAVE_CDSASSL)
-  OSStatus             error;          /* Error code */
-  const char           *message = NULL;/* Error message */
-#    ifdef HAVE_SECCERTIFICATECOPYDATA
-  cups_array_t         *credentials;   /* Credentials array */
-  cups_array_t         *names;         /* CUPS distinguished names */
-  CFArrayRef           dn_array;       /* CF distinguished names array */
-  CFIndex              count;          /* Number of credentials */
-  CFDataRef            data;           /* Certificate data */
-  int                  i;              /* Looping var */
-  http_credential_t    *credential;    /* Credential data */
-#    endif /* HAVE_SECCERTIFICATECOPYDATA */
-#  elif defined(HAVE_SSPISSL)
-  TCHAR                        username[256];  /* Username returned from GetUserName() */
-  TCHAR                        commonName[256];/* Common name for certificate */
-  DWORD                        dwSize;         /* 32 bit size */
-#  endif /* HAVE_LIBSSL */
-
-
-  DEBUG_printf(("7http_setup_ssl(http=%p)", http));
-
- /*
-  * Always allow self-signed certificates for the local loopback address...
-  */
-
-  if (httpAddrLocalhost(http->hostaddr))
-  {
-    any_root = 1;
-    strlcpy(hostname, "localhost", sizeof(hostname));
-  }
-  else
-  {
-   /*
-    * Otherwise use the system-wide setting and make sure the hostname we have
-    * does not end in a trailing dot.
-    */
-
-    any_root = cg->any_root;
-
-    strlcpy(hostname, http->hostname, sizeof(hostname));
-    if ((hostptr = hostname + strlen(hostname) - 1) >= hostname &&
-        *hostptr == '.')
-      *hostptr = '\0';
-  }
-
-#  ifdef HAVE_LIBSSL
-  (void)any_root;
-
-  context = SSL_CTX_new(SSLv23_client_method());
-
-  SSL_CTX_set_options(context, SSL_OP_NO_SSLv2); /* Only use SSLv3 or TLS */
-
-  bio = BIO_new(_httpBIOMethods());
-  BIO_ctrl(bio, BIO_C_SET_FILE_PTR, 0, (char *)http);
-
-  http->tls = SSL_new(context);
-  SSL_set_bio(http->tls, bio, bio);
-
-#   ifdef HAVE_SSL_SET_TLSEXT_HOST_NAME
-  SSL_set_tlsext_host_name(http->tls, hostname);
-#   endif /* HAVE_SSL_SET_TLSEXT_HOST_NAME */
-
-  if (SSL_connect(http->tls) != 1)
-  {
-    unsigned long      error;  /* Error code */
-
-    while ((error = ERR_get_error()) != 0)
-    {
-      message = ERR_error_string(error, NULL);
-      DEBUG_printf(("8http_setup_ssl: %s", message));
-    }
-
-    SSL_CTX_free(context);
-    SSL_free(http->tls);
-    http->tls = NULL;
-
-#    ifdef WIN32
-    http->error  = WSAGetLastError();
-#    else
-    http->error  = errno;
-#    endif /* WIN32 */
-    http->status = HTTP_ERROR;
-
-    if (!message)
-      message = _("Unable to establish a secure connection to host.");
-
-    _cupsSetError(IPP_PKI_ERROR, message, 1);
-
-    return (-1);
-  }
-
-#  elif defined(HAVE_GNUTLS)
-  (void)any_root;
-
-  credentials = (gnutls_certificate_client_credentials *)
-                    malloc(sizeof(gnutls_certificate_client_credentials));
-  if (credentials == NULL)
-  {
-    DEBUG_printf(("8http_setup_ssl: Unable to allocate credentials: %s",
-                  strerror(errno)));
-    http->error  = errno;
-    http->status = HTTP_ERROR;
-    _cupsSetHTTPError(HTTP_ERROR);
-
-    return (-1);
-  }
-
-  gnutls_certificate_allocate_credentials(credentials);
-
-  gnutls_init(&http->tls, GNUTLS_CLIENT);
-  gnutls_set_default_priority(http->tls);
-  gnutls_server_name_set(http->tls, GNUTLS_NAME_DNS, hostname,
-                         strlen(hostname));
-  gnutls_credentials_set(http->tls, GNUTLS_CRD_CERTIFICATE, *credentials);
-  gnutls_transport_set_ptr(http->tls, (gnutls_transport_ptr)http);
-  gnutls_transport_set_pull_function(http->tls, _httpReadGNUTLS);
-  gnutls_transport_set_push_function(http->tls, _httpWriteGNUTLS);
-
-  while ((status = gnutls_handshake(http->tls)) != GNUTLS_E_SUCCESS)
-  {
-    DEBUG_printf(("8http_setup_ssl: gnutls_handshake returned %d (%s)",
-                  status, gnutls_strerror(status)));
-
-    if (gnutls_error_is_fatal(status))
-    {
-      http->error  = EIO;
-      http->status = HTTP_ERROR;
-
-      _cupsSetError(IPP_PKI_ERROR, gnutls_strerror(status), 0);
-
-      gnutls_deinit(http->tls);
-      gnutls_certificate_free_credentials(*credentials);
-      free(credentials);
-      http->tls = NULL;
-
-      return (-1);
-    }
-  }
-
-  http->tls_credentials = credentials;
-
-#  elif defined(HAVE_CDSASSL)
-  if ((error = SSLNewContext(false, &http->tls)))
-  {
-    http->error  = errno;
-    http->status = HTTP_ERROR;
-    _cupsSetHTTPError(HTTP_ERROR);
-
-    return (-1);
-  }
-
-  error = SSLSetConnection(http->tls, http);
-  DEBUG_printf(("4http_setup_ssl: SSLSetConnection, error=%d", (int)error));
-
-  if (!error)
-  {
-    error = SSLSetIOFuncs(http->tls, _httpReadCDSA, _httpWriteCDSA);
-    DEBUG_printf(("4http_setup_ssl: SSLSetIOFuncs, error=%d", (int)error));
-  }
-
-  if (!error)
-  {
-    error = SSLSetAllowsAnyRoot(http->tls, any_root);
-    DEBUG_printf(("4http_setup_ssl: SSLSetAllowsAnyRoot(%d), error=%d",
-                  any_root, (int)error));
-  }
-
-  if (!error)
-  {
-    error = SSLSetAllowsExpiredCerts(http->tls, cg->expired_certs);
-    DEBUG_printf(("4http_setup_ssl: SSLSetAllowsExpiredCerts(%d), error=%d",
-                  cg->expired_certs, (int)error));
-  }
-
-  if (!error)
-  {
-    error = SSLSetAllowsExpiredRoots(http->tls, cg->expired_root);
-    DEBUG_printf(("4http_setup_ssl: SSLSetAllowsExpiredRoots(%d), error=%d",
-                  cg->expired_root, (int)error));
-  }
-
- /*
-  * In general, don't verify certificates since things like the common name
-  * often do not match...
-  */
-
-  if (!error)
-  {
-    error = SSLSetEnableCertVerify(http->tls, false);
-    DEBUG_printf(("4http_setup_ssl: SSLSetEnableCertVerify, error=%d",
-                  (int)error));
-  }
-
-#    ifdef HAVE_SECCERTIFICATECOPYDATA
-  if (!error)
-  {
-    if (cg->client_cert_cb)
-    {
-      error = SSLSetSessionOption(http->tls,
-                                 kSSLSessionOptionBreakOnCertRequested, true);
-      DEBUG_printf(("4http_setup_ssl: kSSLSessionOptionBreakOnCertRequested, "
-                    "error=%d", (int)error));
-    }
-    else
-    {
-      error = http_set_credentials(http);
-      DEBUG_printf(("4http_setup_ssl: http_set_credentials, error=%d",
-                    (int)error));
-    }
-  }
-
- /*
-  * If there's a server certificate callback installed let it evaluate the
-  * certificate(s) during the handshake...
-  */
-
-  if (!error && cg->server_cert_cb != NULL)
-  {
-    error = SSLSetSessionOption(http->tls,
-                               kSSLSessionOptionBreakOnServerAuth, true);
-    DEBUG_printf(("4http_setup_ssl: kSSLSessionOptionBreakOnServerAuth, "
-                 "error=%d", (int)error));
-  }
-#    endif /* HAVE_SECCERTIFICATECOPYDATA */
-
- /*
-  * Let the server know which hostname/domain we are trying to connect to
-  * in case it wants to serve up a certificate with a matching common name.
-  */
-
-  if (!error)
-  {
-    error = SSLSetPeerDomainName(http->tls, hostname, strlen(hostname));
-
-    DEBUG_printf(("4http_setup_ssl: SSLSetPeerDomainName, error=%d",
-                  (int)error));
-  }
-
-  if (!error)
-  {
-    int done = 0;                      /* Are we done yet? */
-
-    while (!error && !done)
-    {
-      error = SSLHandshake(http->tls);
-
-      DEBUG_printf(("4http_setup_ssl: SSLHandshake returned %d.", (int)error));
-
-      switch (error)
-      {
-       case noErr :
-           done = 1;
-           break;
-
-       case errSSLWouldBlock :
-           error = noErr;              /* Force a retry */
-           usleep(1000);               /* in 1 millisecond */
-           break;
-
-#    ifdef HAVE_SECCERTIFICATECOPYDATA
-       case errSSLServerAuthCompleted :
-           error = 0;
-           if (cg->server_cert_cb)
-           {
-             error = httpCopyCredentials(http, &credentials);
-             if (!error)
-             {
-               error = (cg->server_cert_cb)(http, http->tls, credentials,
-                                            cg->server_cert_data);
-               httpFreeCredentials(credentials);
-             }
-
-             DEBUG_printf(("4http_setup_ssl: Server certificate callback "
-                           "returned %d.", (int)error));
-           }
-           break;
-
-       case errSSLClientCertRequested :
-           error = 0;
-
-           if (cg->client_cert_cb)
-           {
-             names = NULL;
-             if (!(error = SSLCopyDistinguishedNames(http->tls, &dn_array)) &&
-                 dn_array)
-             {
-               if ((names = cupsArrayNew(NULL, NULL)) != NULL)
-               {
-                 for (i = 0, count = CFArrayGetCount(dn_array); i < count; i++)
-                 {
-                   data = (CFDataRef)CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(dn_array, i);
-
-                   if ((credential = malloc(sizeof(*credential))) != NULL)
-                   {
-                     credential->datalen = CFDataGetLength(data);
-                     if ((credential->data = malloc(credential->datalen)))
-                     {
-                       memcpy((void *)credential->data, CFDataGetBytePtr(data),
-                              credential->datalen);
-                       cupsArrayAdd(names, credential);
-                     }
-                     else
-                       free(credential);
-                   }
-                 }
-               }
-
-               CFRelease(dn_array);
-             }
-
-             if (!error)
-             {
-               error = (cg->client_cert_cb)(http, http->tls, names,
-                                            cg->client_cert_data);
-
-               DEBUG_printf(("4http_setup_ssl: Client certificate callback "
-                             "returned %d.", (int)error));
-             }
-
-             httpFreeCredentials(names);
-           }
-           break;
-#    endif /* HAVE_SECCERTIFICATECOPYDATA */
-
-       case errSSLUnknownRootCert :
-           message = _("Unable to establish a secure connection to host "
-                       "(untrusted certificate).");
-           break;
-
-       case errSSLNoRootCert :
-           message = _("Unable to establish a secure connection to host "
-                       "(self-signed certificate).");
-           break;
-
-       case errSSLCertExpired :
-           message = _("Unable to establish a secure connection to host "
-                       "(expired certificate).");
-           break;
-
-       case errSSLCertNotYetValid :
-           message = _("Unable to establish a secure connection to host "
-                       "(certificate not yet valid).");
-           break;
-
-       case errSSLHostNameMismatch :
-           message = _("Unable to establish a secure connection to host "
-                       "(host name mismatch).");
-           break;
-
-       case errSSLXCertChainInvalid :
-           message = _("Unable to establish a secure connection to host "
-                       "(certificate chain invalid).");
-           break;
-
-       case errSSLConnectionRefused :
-           message = _("Unable to establish a secure connection to host "
-                       "(peer dropped connection before responding).");
-           break;
-
-       default :
-           break;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  if (error)
-  {
-    http->error  = error;
-    http->status = HTTP_ERROR;
-    errno        = ECONNREFUSED;
-
-    SSLDisposeContext(http->tls);
-    http->tls = NULL;
-
-   /*
-    * If an error string wasn't set by the callbacks use a generic one...
-    */
-
-    if (!message)
-#ifdef HAVE_CSSMERRORSTRING
-      message = cssmErrorString(error);
-#else
-      message = _("Unable to establish a secure connection to host.");
-#endif /* HAVE_CSSMERRORSTRING */
-
-    _cupsSetError(IPP_PKI_ERROR, message, 1);
-
-    return (-1);
-  }
-
-#  elif defined(HAVE_SSPISSL)
-  http->tls = _sspiAlloc();
-
-  if (!http->tls)
-  {
-    _cupsSetHTTPError(HTTP_ERROR);
-    return (-1);
-  }
-
-  http->tls->sock = http->fd;
-  dwSize          = sizeof(username) / sizeof(TCHAR);
-  GetUserName(username, &dwSize);
-  _sntprintf_s(commonName, sizeof(commonName) / sizeof(TCHAR),
-               sizeof(commonName) / sizeof(TCHAR), TEXT("CN=%s"), username);
-
-  if (!_sspiGetCredentials(http->tls_credentials, L"ClientContainer",
-                           commonName, FALSE))
-  {
-    _sspiFree(http->tls_credentials);
-    http->tls_credentials = NULL;
-
-    http->error  = EIO;
-    http->status = HTTP_ERROR;
-
-    _cupsSetError(IPP_PKI_ERROR,
-                  _("Unable to establish a secure connection to host."), 1);
-
-    return (-1);
-  }
-
-  _sspiSetAllowsAnyRoot(http->tls_credentials, any_root);
-  _sspiSetAllowsExpiredCerts(http->tls_credentials, TRUE);
-
-  if (!_sspiConnect(http->tls_credentials, hostname))
-  {
-    _sspiFree(http->tls_credentials);
-    http->tls_credentials = NULL;
-
-    http->error  = EIO;
-    http->status = HTTP_ERROR;
-
-    _cupsSetError(IPP_PKI_ERROR,
-                  _("Unable to establish a secure connection to host."), 1);
-
-    return (-1);
-  }
-#  endif /* HAVE_CDSASSL */
-
-  return (0);
-}
-
-
-/*
- * 'http_shutdown_ssl()' - Shut down SSL/TLS on a connection.
- */
-
-static void
-http_shutdown_ssl(http_t *http)                /* I - Connection to server */
-{
-#  ifdef HAVE_LIBSSL
-  SSL_CTX      *context;               /* Context for encryption */
-
-  context = SSL_get_SSL_CTX(http->tls);
-
-  SSL_shutdown(http->tls);
-  SSL_CTX_free(context);
-  SSL_free(http->tls);
-
-#  elif defined(HAVE_GNUTLS)
-  gnutls_certificate_client_credentials *credentials;
-                                       /* TLS credentials */
-
-  credentials = (gnutls_certificate_client_credentials *)(http->tls_credentials);
-
-  gnutls_bye(http->tls, GNUTLS_SHUT_RDWR);
-  gnutls_deinit(http->tls);
-  gnutls_certificate_free_credentials(*credentials);
-  free(credentials);
-
-#  elif defined(HAVE_CDSASSL)
-  while (SSLClose(http->tls) == errSSLWouldBlock)
-    usleep(1000);
-
-  SSLDisposeContext(http->tls);
-
-  if (http->tls_credentials)
-    CFRelease(http->tls_credentials);
-
-#  elif defined(HAVE_SSPISSL)
-  _sspiFree(http->tls_credentials);
-#  endif /* HAVE_LIBSSL */
-
-  http->tls             = NULL;
-  http->tls_credentials = NULL;
-}
-#endif /* HAVE_SSL */
-
-
-#ifdef HAVE_SSL
-/*
- * 'http_upgrade()' - Force upgrade to TLS encryption.
+ * 'http_tls_upgrade()' - Force upgrade to TLS encryption.
  */
 
 static int                             /* O - Status of connection */
-http_upgrade(http_t *http)             /* I - Connection to server */
+http_tls_upgrade(http_t *http)         /* I - HTTP connection */
 {
   int          ret;                    /* Return value */
   http_t       myhttp;                 /* Local copy of HTTP data */
 
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("7http_upgrade(%p)", http));
+  DEBUG_printf(("7http_tls_upgrade(%p)", (void *)http));
 
  /*
   * Flush the connection to make sure any previous "Upgrade" message
@@ -5549,9 +4551,15 @@ http_upgrade(http_t *http)               /* I - Connection to server */
   * encryption on the link...
   */
 
-  http->field_authorization = NULL;    /* Don't free the auth string */
+  http->tls_upgrade = 1;
+  memset(http->fields, 0, sizeof(http->fields));
+  http->expect = (http_status_t)0;
+
+  if (http->hostname[0] == '/')
+    httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_HOST, "localhost");
+  else
+    httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_HOST, http->hostname);
 
-  httpClearFields(http);
   httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_CONNECTION, "upgrade");
   httpSetField(http, HTTP_FIELD_UPGRADE, "TLS/1.2,TLS/1.1,TLS/1.0");
 
@@ -5561,20 +4569,22 @@ http_upgrade(http_t *http)              /* I - Connection to server */
     * Wait for the secure connection...
     */
 
-    while (httpUpdate(http) == HTTP_CONTINUE);
+    while (httpUpdate(http) == HTTP_STATUS_CONTINUE);
   }
 
  /*
   * Restore the HTTP request data...
   */
 
+  memcpy(http->_fields, myhttp._fields, sizeof(http->_fields));
   memcpy(http->fields, myhttp.fields, sizeof(http->fields));
-  http->data_encoding       = myhttp.data_encoding;
-  http->data_remaining      = myhttp.data_remaining;
-  http->_data_remaining     = myhttp._data_remaining;
-  http->expect              = myhttp.expect;
-  http->field_authorization = myhttp.field_authorization;
-  http->digest_tries        = myhttp.digest_tries;
+
+  http->data_encoding   = myhttp.data_encoding;
+  http->data_remaining  = myhttp.data_remaining;
+  http->_data_remaining = myhttp._data_remaining;
+  http->expect          = myhttp.expect;
+  http->digest_tries    = myhttp.digest_tries;
+  http->tls_upgrade     = 0;
 
  /*
   * See if we actually went secure...
@@ -5586,13 +4596,10 @@ http_upgrade(http_t *http)              /* I - Connection to server */
     * Server does not support HTTP upgrade...
     */
 
-    DEBUG_puts("8http_upgrade: Server does not support HTTP upgrade!");
+    DEBUG_puts("8http_tls_upgrade: Server does not support HTTP upgrade!");
 
-#  ifdef WIN32
-    closesocket(http->fd);
-#  else
-    close(http->fd);
-#  endif
+    _cupsSetError(IPP_STATUS_ERROR_CUPS_PKI, _("Encryption is not supported."), 1);
+    httpAddrClose(NULL, http->fd);
 
     http->fd = -1;
 
@@ -5608,17 +4615,16 @@ http_upgrade(http_t *http)              /* I - Connection to server */
  * 'http_write()' - Write a buffer to a HTTP connection.
  */
 
-static int                             /* O - Number of bytes written */
-http_write(http_t     *http,           /* I - Connection to server */
+static ssize_t                         /* O - Number of bytes written */
+http_write(http_t     *http,           /* I - HTTP connection */
            const char *buffer,         /* I - Buffer for data */
-          int        length)           /* I - Number of bytes to write */
+          size_t     length)           /* I - Number of bytes to write */
 {
-  int  tbytes,                         /* Total bytes sent */
-       bytes;                          /* Bytes sent */
+  ssize_t      tbytes,                 /* Total bytes sent */
+               bytes;                  /* Bytes sent */
 
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("2http_write(http=%p, buffer=%p, length=%d)", http, buffer,
-                length));
+  DEBUG_printf(("2http_write(http=%p, buffer=%p, length=" CUPS_LLFMT ")", (void *)http, (void *)buffer, CUPS_LLCAST length));
   http->error = 0;
   tbytes      = 0;
 
@@ -5626,7 +4632,7 @@ http_write(http_t     *http,              /* I - Connection to server */
   {
     DEBUG_printf(("3http_write: About to write %d bytes.", (int)length));
 
-    if (http->timeout_cb)
+    if (http->timeout_value > 0.0)
     {
 #ifdef HAVE_POLL
       struct pollfd    pfd;            /* Polled file descriptor */
@@ -5657,12 +4663,12 @@ http_write(http_t     *http,            /* I - Connection to server */
 
          nfds = select(http->fd + 1, NULL, &output_set, NULL, &timeout);
        }
-#  ifdef WIN32
+#  ifdef _WIN32
        while (nfds < 0 && (WSAGetLastError() == WSAEINTR ||
                            WSAGetLastError() == WSAEWOULDBLOCK));
 #  else
        while (nfds < 0 && (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN));
-#  endif /* WIN32 */
+#  endif /* _WIN32 */
 #endif /* HAVE_POLL */
 
         if (nfds < 0)
@@ -5670,13 +4676,13 @@ http_write(http_t     *http,            /* I - Connection to server */
          http->error = errno;
          return (-1);
        }
-       else if (nfds == 0 && !(*http->timeout_cb)(http, http->timeout_data))
+       else if (nfds == 0 && (!http->timeout_cb || !(*http->timeout_cb)(http, http->timeout_data)))
        {
-#ifdef WIN32
+#ifdef _WIN32
          http->error = WSAEWOULDBLOCK;
 #else
          http->error = EWOULDBLOCK;
-#endif /* WIN32 */
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
          return (-1);
        }
       }
@@ -5685,17 +4691,17 @@ http_write(http_t     *http,            /* I - Connection to server */
 
 #ifdef HAVE_SSL
     if (http->tls)
-      bytes = http_write_ssl(http, buffer, length);
+      bytes = _httpTLSWrite(http, buffer, (int)length);
     else
 #endif /* HAVE_SSL */
     bytes = send(http->fd, buffer, length, 0);
 
-    DEBUG_printf(("3http_write: Write of %d bytes returned %d.", (int)length,
-                  (int)bytes));
+    DEBUG_printf(("3http_write: Write of " CUPS_LLFMT " bytes returned "
+                  CUPS_LLFMT ".", CUPS_LLCAST length, CUPS_LLCAST bytes));
 
     if (bytes < 0)
     {
-#ifdef WIN32
+#ifdef _WIN32
       if (WSAGetLastError() == WSAEINTR)
         continue;
       else if (WSAGetLastError() == WSAEWOULDBLOCK)
@@ -5729,7 +4735,7 @@ http_write(http_t     *http,              /* I - Connection to server */
         http->error = errno;
        continue;
       }
-#endif /* WIN32 */
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
 
       DEBUG_printf(("3http_write: error writing data (%s).",
                     strerror(http->error)));
@@ -5739,14 +4745,14 @@ http_write(http_t     *http,            /* I - Connection to server */
 
     buffer += bytes;
     tbytes += bytes;
-    length -= bytes;
+    length -= (size_t)bytes;
   }
 
 #ifdef DEBUG
-  http_debug_hex("http_write", buffer - tbytes, tbytes);
+  http_debug_hex("http_write", buffer - tbytes, (int)tbytes);
 #endif /* DEBUG */
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("3http_write: Returning %d.", tbytes));
+  DEBUG_printf(("3http_write: Returning " CUPS_LLFMT ".", CUPS_LLCAST tbytes));
 
   return (tbytes);
 }
@@ -5756,135 +4762,39 @@ http_write(http_t     *http,           /* I - Connection to server */
  * 'http_write_chunk()' - Write a chunked buffer.
  */
 
-static int                             /* O - Number bytes written */
-http_write_chunk(http_t     *http,     /* I - Connection to server */
+static ssize_t                         /* O - Number bytes written */
+http_write_chunk(http_t     *http,     /* I - HTTP connection */
                  const char *buffer,   /* I - Buffer to write */
-                int        length)     /* I - Length of buffer */
+                size_t        length)  /* I - Length of buffer */
 {
-  char header[255];                    /* Chunk header */
-  int  bytes;                          /* Bytes written */
+  char         header[16];             /* Chunk header */
+  ssize_t      bytes;                  /* Bytes written */
 
 
-  DEBUG_printf(("7http_write_chunk(http=%p, buffer=%p, length=%d)",
-                http, buffer, length));
+  DEBUG_printf(("7http_write_chunk(http=%p, buffer=%p, length=" CUPS_LLFMT ")", (void *)http, (void *)buffer, CUPS_LLCAST length));
 
  /*
   * Write the chunk header, data, and trailer.
   */
 
-  sprintf(header, "%x\r\n", length);
-  if (http_write(http, header, (int)strlen(header)) < 0)
+  snprintf(header, sizeof(header), "%x\r\n", (unsigned)length);
+  if (http_write(http, header, strlen(header)) < 0)
   {
-    DEBUG_puts("8http_write_chunk: http_write of length failed!");
+    DEBUG_puts("8http_write_chunk: http_write of length failed.");
     return (-1);
   }
 
   if ((bytes = http_write(http, buffer, length)) < 0)
   {
-    DEBUG_puts("8http_write_chunk: http_write of buffer failed!");
+    DEBUG_puts("8http_write_chunk: http_write of buffer failed.");
     return (-1);
   }
 
   if (http_write(http, "\r\n", 2) < 0)
   {
-    DEBUG_puts("8http_write_chunk: http_write of CR LF failed!");
+    DEBUG_puts("8http_write_chunk: http_write of CR LF failed.");
     return (-1);
   }
 
   return (bytes);
 }
-
-
-#ifdef HAVE_SSL
-/*
- * 'http_write_ssl()' - Write to a SSL/TLS connection.
- */
-
-static int                             /* O - Bytes written */
-http_write_ssl(http_t     *http,       /* I - Connection to server */
-              const char *buf,         /* I - Buffer holding data */
-              int        len)          /* I - Length of buffer */
-{
-  ssize_t      result;                 /* Return value */
-
-
-  DEBUG_printf(("2http_write_ssl(http=%p, buf=%p, len=%d)", http, buf, len));
-
-#  if defined(HAVE_LIBSSL)
-  result = SSL_write((SSL *)(http->tls), buf, len);
-
-#  elif defined(HAVE_GNUTLS)
-  result = gnutls_record_send(http->tls, buf, len);
-
-  if (result < 0 && !errno)
-  {
-   /*
-    * Convert GNU TLS error to errno value...
-    */
-
-    switch (result)
-    {
-      case GNUTLS_E_INTERRUPTED :
-         errno = EINTR;
-         break;
-
-      case GNUTLS_E_AGAIN :
-          errno = EAGAIN;
-          break;
-
-      default :
-          errno = EPIPE;
-          break;
-    }
-
-    result = -1;
-  }
-
-#  elif defined(HAVE_CDSASSL)
-  OSStatus     error;                  /* Error info */
-  size_t       processed;              /* Number of bytes processed */
-
-
-  error = SSLWrite(http->tls, buf, len, &processed);
-
-  switch (error)
-  {
-    case 0 :
-       result = (int)processed;
-       break;
-
-    case errSSLWouldBlock :
-       if (processed)
-         result = (int)processed;
-       else
-       {
-         result = -1;
-         errno  = EINTR;
-       }
-       break;
-
-    case errSSLClosedGraceful :
-    default :
-       if (processed)
-         result = (int)processed;
-       else
-       {
-         result = -1;
-         errno  = EPIPE;
-       }
-       break;
-  }
-#  elif defined(HAVE_SSPISSL)
-  return _sspiWrite((_sspi_struct_t *)http->tls, (void *)buf, len);
-#  endif /* HAVE_LIBSSL */
-
-  DEBUG_printf(("3http_write_ssl: Returning %d.", (int)result));
-
-  return ((int)result);
-}
-#endif /* HAVE_SSL */
-
-
-/*
- * End of "$Id: http.c 7850 2008-08-20 00:07:25Z mike $".
- */