dracut.cmdline.7.asc

   1 DRACUT.CMDLINE(7)
   2 =================
   3 :doctype: manpage
   4 :man source:   dracut
   5 :man manual:   dracut
   6
   7 NAME
   8 ----
   9 dracut.cmdline - dracut kernel command line options
  10
  11 DESCRIPTION
  12 -----------
  13 The root device used by the kernel is specified in the boot configuration
  14 file on the kernel command line, as always.
  15
  16 The traditional _root=/dev/sda1_ style device specification is allowed, but not
  17 encouraged. The root device should better be identified by LABEL or UUID. If a
  18 label is used, as in _root=LABEL=<label_of_root>_ the initramfs will search all
  19 available devices for a filesystem with the appropriate label, and mount that
  20 device as the root filesystem. _root=UUID=<uuidnumber>_ will mount the partition
  21 with that UUID as the root filesystem.
  22
  23 In the following all kernel command line parameters, which are processed by
  24 dracut, are described.
  25
  26 "rd.*" parameters mentioned without "=" are boolean parameters. They can be
  27 turned on/off by setting them to {0|1}. If the assignment with "=" is missing
  28 "=1" is implied. For example _rd.info_ can be turned off with _rd.info=0_ or
  29 turned on with _rd.info=1_ or _rd.info_. The last value in the kernel command
  30 line is the value, which is honored.
  31
  32 Standard
  33 ~~~~~~~~
  34 **init=**_<path to real init>_::
  35     specify the path to the init programm to be started after the initramfs has
  36     finished
  37
  38 **root=**_<path to blockdevice>_::
  39     specify the block device to use as the root filesystem.
  40 +
  41 E.g.:
  42 +
  43 ----
  44 root=/dev/sda1
  45 root=/dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:1f.1-scsi-0:0:1:0-part1
  46 root=/dev/disk/by-label/Root
  47 root=LABEL=Root
  48 root=/dev/disk/by-uuid/3f5ad593-4546-4a94-a374-bcfb68aa11f7
  49 root=UUID=3f5ad593-4546-4a94-a374-bcfb68aa11f7
  50 root=PARTUUID=3f5ad593-4546-4a94-a374-bcfb68aa11f7
  51 ----
  52
  53 **rootfstype=**_<filesystem type>_:: "auto" if not specified, e.g.:
  54 +
  55 ----
  56 rootfstype=ext3
  57 ----
  58
  59 **rootflags=**_<mount options>_::
  60     specify additional mount options for the root filesystem. If not set,
  61     _/etc/fstab_ of the real root will be parsed for special mount options and
  62     mounted accordingly.
  63
  64 **ro**::
  65     force mounting _/_ and _/usr_ (if it is a separate device) read-only.  If
  66     none of ro and rw is present, both are mounted according to _/etc/fstab_.
  67
  68 **rw**::
  69     force mounting _/_ and _/usr_ (if it is a separate device) read-write.
  70     See also ro option.
  71
  72 **rootfallback=**_<path to blockdevice>_::
  73     specify the block device to use as the root filesystem, if the normal root cannot be found.
  74     This can only be a simple block device with a simple file system, for which the filesystem
  75     driver is either compiled in, or added manually to the initramfs.
  76     This parameter can be specified multiple times.
  77
  78 **rd.auto** **rd.auto=1**::
  79     enable autoassembly of special devices like cryptoLUKS, dmraid, mdraid or lvm.
  80     Default is off as of dracut version >= 024.
  81
  82 **rd.fstab=0**::
  83     do not honor special mount options for the root filesystem found in
  84     _/etc/fstab_ of the real root.
  85
  86 **resume=**_<path to resume partition>_::
  87     resume from a swap partition
  88 +
  89 E.g.:
  90 +
  91 ----
  92 resume=/dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:1f.1-scsi-0:0:1:0-part1
  93 resume=/dev/disk/by-uuid/3f5ad593-4546-4a94-a374-bcfb68aa11f7
  94 resume=UUID=3f5ad593-4546-4a94-a374-bcfb68aa11f7
  95 ----
  96
  97 **rd.skipfsck**::
  98     skip fsck for rootfs and _/usr_.  If you're mounting _/usr_ read-only and
  99     the init system performs fsck before remount, you might want to use this
 100     option to avoid duplication.
 101
 102
 103 Misc
 104 ~~~~
 105 **rd.driver.blacklist=**_<drivername>[,<drivername>,...]_::
 106     do not load kernel module <drivername>. This parameter can be specified
 107     multiple times.
 108
 109 **rd.driver.pre=**_<drivername>[,<drivername>,...]_::
 110     force loading kernel module <drivername>. This parameter can be specified
 111     multiple times.
 112
 113 **rd.driver.post=**_<drivername>[,<drivername>,...]_::
 114     force loading kernel module <drivername> after all automatic loading modules
 115     have been loaded. This parameter can be specified multiple times.
 116
 117 **rd.retry=**_<seconds>_::
 118     specify how long dracut should wait for devices to appear.
 119     The default is 30 seconds. After 2/3 of the time, degraded raids are force
 120     started. If you have hardware, which takes a very long time to announce its
 121     drives, you might want to extend this value.
 122
 123 **rd.noverifyssl**::
 124     accept self-signed certificates for ssl downloads.
 125
 126 **rd.ctty=**_<terminal device>_**::
 127    specify the controlling terminal for the console.
 128    This is useful, if you have multiple "console=" arguments.
 129
 130 [[dracutkerneldebug]]
 131 Debug
 132 ~~~~~
 133 If you are dropped to an emergency shell, the file _/run/initramfs/rdsosreport.txt_ is created,
 134 which can be safed to a (to be mounted by hand) partition (usually /boot) or a USB stick.
 135 Additional debugging info can be produced by adding **rd.debug** to the kernel command line.
 136 _/run/initramfs/rdsosreport.txt_ contains all logs and the output of some tools.
 137 It should be attached to any report about dracut problems.
 138
 139 **rd.info**::
 140     print informational output though "quiet" is set
 141
 142 **rd.shell**::
 143     allow dropping to a shell, if root mounting fails
 144
 145 **rd.debug**::
 146     set -x for the dracut shell.
 147     If systemd is active in the initramfs, all output is logged to the systemd journal,
 148     which you can inspect with "journalctl -ab".
 149     If systemd is not active, the logs are written to dmesg and _/run/initramfs/init.log_.
 150     If "quiet" is set, it also logs to the console.
 151
 152 **rd.memdebug=[0-3]**::
 153     Print memory usage info at various points, set the verbose level from 0 to 3
 154     Higher level means more debugging output:
 155     0 - no output
 156     1 - partial /proc/meminfo
 157     2 - /proc/meminfo
 158     3 - /proc/meminfo + /proc/slabinfo
 159
 160 **rd.break**::
 161     drop to a shell at the end
 162
 163 **rd.break=**_{cmdline|pre-udev|pre-trigger|initqueue|pre-mount|mount|pre-pivot|cleanup}_::
 164     drop to a shell on defined breakpoint
 165
 166 **rd.udev.info**::
 167     set udev to loglevel info
 168
 169 **rd.udev.debug**::
 170     set udev to loglevel debug
 171
 172 I18N
 173 ~~~~
 174 **vconsole.keymap=**_<keymap base file name>_::
 175     keyboard translation table loaded by loadkeys; taken from keymaps directory;
 176     will be written as KEYMAP to _/etc/vconsole.conf_ in the initramfs, e.g.:
 177 +
 178 ----
 179 vconsole.keymap=de-latin1-nodeadkeys
 180 ----
 181
 182 **vconsole.keymap.ext=**_<list of keymap base file names>_::
 183     list of extra keymaps to bo loaded (sep. by space); will be written as
 184     EXT_KEYMAP to _/etc/vconsole.conf_ in the initramfs
 185
 186 **vconsole.unicode**[=_{0|1}_]::
 187     boolean, indicating UTF-8 mode; will be written as UNICODE to
 188     _/etc/vconsole.conf_ in the initramfs
 189
 190 **vconsole.font=**_<font base file name>_::
 191     console font; taken from consolefonts directory; will be written as FONT to
 192     _/etc/vconsole.conf_ in the initramfs; e.g.:
 193 +
 194 ----
 195 vconsole.font=LatArCyrHeb-16
 196 ----
 197
 198 **vconsole.font.map=**_<console map base file name>_::
 199     see description of '-m' parameter in setfont manual; taken from consoletrans
 200     directory; will be written as FONT_MAP to _/etc/vconsole.conf_ in the
 201     initramfs
 202
 203 **vconsole.font.unimap=**_<unicode table base file name>_::
 204     see description of '-u' parameter in setfont manual; taken from unimaps
 205     directory; will be written as FONT_UNIMAP to _/etc/vconsole.conf_ in the
 206     initramfs
 207
 208 **locale.LANG=**_<locale>_::
 209     taken from the environment; if no UNICODE is defined we set its value in
 210     basis of LANG value (whether it ends with ".utf8" (or similar) or not); will
 211     be written as LANG to _/etc/locale.conf_ in the initramfs; e.g.:
 212 +
 213 ----
 214 locale.LANG=pl_PL.utf8
 215 ----
 216
 217 **locale.LC_ALL=**_<locale>_::
 218     taken from the environment; will be written as LC_ALL to _/etc/locale.conf_
 219     in the initramfs
 220
 221 LVM
 222 ~~~
 223 **rd.lvm=0**::
 224     disable LVM detection
 225
 226 **rd.lvm.vg=**_<volume group name>_::
 227     only activate the volume groups with the given name. rd.lvm.vg can be
 228     specified multiple times on the kernel command line.
 229
 230 **rd.lvm.lv=**_<logical volume name>_::
 231     only activate the logical volumes with the given name. rd.lvm.lv can be
 232     specified multiple times on the kernel command line.
 233
 234 **rd.lvm.conf=0**::
 235     remove any _/etc/lvm/lvm.conf_, which may exist in the initramfs
 236
 237 crypto LUKS
 238 ~~~~~~~~~~~
 239 **rd.luks=0**::
 240     disable crypto LUKS detection
 241
 242 **rd.luks.uuid=**_<luks uuid>_::
 243     only activate the LUKS partitions with the given UUID. Any "luks-" of the
 244     LUKS UUID is removed before comparing to _<luks uuid>_.
 245     The comparisons also matches, if _<luks uuid>_ is only the beginning of the
 246     LUKS UUID, so you don't have to specify the full UUID.
 247     This parameter can be specified multiple times.
 248
 249 **rd.luks.allow-discards=**_<luks uuid>_::
 250     Allow  using  of discards (TRIM) requests for LUKS partitions with the given UUID.
 251     Any "luks-" of the LUKS UUID is removed before comparing to _<luks uuid>_.
 252     The comparisons also matches, if _<luks uuid>_ is only the beginning of the
 253     LUKS UUID, so you don't have to specify the full UUID.
 254     This parameter can be specified multiple times.
 255
 256 **rd.luks.allow-discards**::
 257     Allow  using  of discards (TRIM) requests on all LUKS partitions.
 258
 259 **rd.luks.crypttab=0**::
 260     do not check, if LUKS partition is in _/etc/crypttab_
 261
 262 crypto LUKS - key on removable device support
 263 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 264 **rd.luks.key=**_<keypath>:<keydev>:<luksdev>_::
 265     _keypath_ is a path to key file to look for. It's REQUIRED. When _keypath_ ends with '.gpg' it's considered to be key encrypted symmetrically with GPG. You will be prompted for password on boot. GPG support comes with 'crypt-gpg' module which needs to be added explicitly.
 266 +
 267 _keydev_ is a device on which key file resides. It might be kernel name of devices (should start with "/dev/"), UUID (prefixed with "UUID=") or label (prefix with "LABEL="). You don't have to specify full UUID. Just its beginning will suffice, even if its ambiguous. All matching devices will be probed. This parameter is recommended, but not required. If not present, all block devices will be probed, which may significantly increase boot time.
 268 +
 269 If _luksdev_ is given, the specified key will only be applied for that LUKS device. Possible values are the same as for _keydev_. Unless you have several LUKS devices, you don't have to specify this parameter. The simplest usage is:
 270 +
 271 ----
 272 rd.luks.key=/foo/bar.key
 273 ----
 274 +
 275 As you see, you can skip colons in such a case.
 276 +
 277 [NOTE]
 278 ===============================
 279 dracut pipes key to cryptsetup with _-d -_ argument, therefore you need to pipe
 280 to crypsetup luksFormat with _-d -_, too!
 281
 282 Here follows example for key encrypted with GPG:
 283
 284 ----
 285 gpg --quiet --decrypt rootkey.gpg \
 286 | cryptsetup -d - -v \
 287 --cipher serpent-cbc-essiv:sha256 \
 288 --key-size 256 luksFormat /dev/sda3
 289 ----
 290
 291 If you use plain keys, just add path to _-d_ option:
 292
 293 ----
 294 cryptsetup -d rootkey.key -v \
 295 --cipher serpent-cbc-essiv:sha256 \
 296 --key-size 256 luksFormat /dev/sda3
 297 ----
 298 ===============================
 299
 300 MD RAID
 301 ~~~~~~~
 302 **rd.md=0**::
 303     disable MD RAID detection
 304
 305 **rd.md.imsm=0**::
 306     disable MD RAID for imsm/isw raids, use DM RAID instead
 307
 308 **rd.md.ddf=0**::
 309     disable MD RAID for SNIA ddf raids, use DM RAID instead
 310
 311 **rd.md.conf=0**::
 312     ignore mdadm.conf included in initramfs
 313
 314 **rd.md.waitclean=1**::
 315     wait for any resync, recovery, or reshape activity to finish before continuing
 316
 317 **rd.md.uuid=**_<md raid uuid>_::
 318     only activate the raid sets with the given UUID. This parameter can be
 319     specified multiple times.
 320
 321 DM RAID
 322 ~~~~~~~
 323 **rd.dm=0**::
 324     disable DM RAID detection
 325
 326 **rd.dm.uuid=**_<dm raid uuid>_::
 327    only activate the raid sets with the given UUID. This parameter can be
 328    specified multiple times.
 329
 330 FIPS
 331 ~~~~
 332 **rd.fips**::
 333     enable FIPS
 334
 335 **boot=**_<boot device>_::
 336     specify the device, where /boot is located. e.g.
 337 +
 338 ----
 339 boot=/dev/sda1
 340 boot=/dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:1f.1-scsi-0:0:1:0-part1
 341 boot=UUID=<uuid>
 342 boot=LABEL=<label>
 343 ----
 344
 345 **rd.fips.skipkernel**::
 346     skip checksum check of the kernel image. Useful, if the kernel image is not
 347     in a separate boot partition.
 348
 349 Network
 350 ~~~~~~~
 351 **ip=**_{dhcp|on|any|dhcp6|auto6|ibft}_::
 352     dhcp|on|any::: get ip from dhcp server from all interfaces. If root=dhcp, loop
 353     sequentially through all interfaces (eth0, eth1, ...) and use the first with
 354     a valid DHCP root-path.
 355
 356     auto6::: IPv6 autoconfiguration
 357
 358     dhcp6::: IPv6 DHCP
 359
 360     ibft::: iBFT autoconfiguration
 361
 362 **ip=**_<interface>_:_{dhcp|on|any|dhcp6|auto6}_[:[_<mtu>_][:_<macaddr>_]]::
 363     This parameter can be specified multiple times.
 364 +
 365 =====================
 366 dhcp|on|any|dhcp6::: get ip from dhcp server on a specific interface
 367 auto6::: do IPv6 autoconfiguration
 368 <macaddr>::: optionally **set** <macaddr> on the <interface>. This
 369 cannot be used in conjunction with the **ifname** argument for the
 370 same <interface>.
 371 =====================
 372
 373 [IMPORTANT]
 374 =====================
 375 It is recommended to either bind <interface> to a MAC with the **ifname**
 376 argument. Or use biosdevname to name your interfaces, which will then have names according to their hardware location.
 377
 378 em<port>::: for embedded NICs
 379 p<slot>#<port>_<virtual instance>::: for cards in PCI slots
 380 =====================
 381
 382 **ip=**_<client-IP>_:_<server-IP>_:_<gateway-IP>_:_<netmask>_:_<client_hostname>_:_<interface>_:_{none|off|dhcp|on|any|dhcp6|auto6|ibft}_[:[_<mtu>_][:_<macaddr>_]]::
 383     explicit network configuration. If you want do define a IPv6 address, put it
 384     in brackets (e.g. [2001:DB8::1]). This parameter can be specified multiple
 385     times.
 386 +
 387 =====================
 388 <macaddr>::: optionally **set** <macaddr> on the <interface>. This
 389 cannot be used in conjunction with the **ifname** argument for the
 390 same <interface>.
 391 =====================
 392
 393 [IMPORTANT]
 394 =====================
 395 It is recommended to either bind <interface> to a MAC with the **ifname**
 396 argument. Or use biosdevname to name your interfaces, which will then have names according to their hardware location.
 397
 398 em<port>::: for embedded NICs
 399 p<slot>#<port>_<virtual instance>::: for cards in PCI slots
 400 =====================
 401
 402 **ifname=**_<interface>_:_<MAC>_::
 403     Assign network device name <interface> (ie "bootnet") to the NIC with MAC <MAC>.
 404 +
 405 [IMPORTANT]
 406
 407 Do **not** use the default kernel naming scheme for the interface name,
 408 as it can conflict with the kernel names. So, don't use "eth[0-9]+" for the
 409 interface name. Better name it "bootnet" or "bluesocket".
 410
 411 **bootdev=**_<interface>_::
 412     specify network interface to use routing and netroot information from.
 413     Required if multiple ip= lines are used.
 414
 415 **nameserver=**__<IP>__ [**nameserver=**__<IP>__ ...]::
 416     specify nameserver(s) to use
 417
 418 **biosdevname=0**::
 419     boolean, turn off biosdevname network interface renaming
 420
 421 **rd.neednet=1**::
 422     boolean, bring up network even without netroot set
 423
 424 **vlan=_<vlanname>_:_<phydevice>_**::
 425     Setup vlan device named <vlanname> on <phydeivce>.
 426     We support the four styles of vlan names: VLAN_PLUS_VID (vlan0005), VLAN_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD (vlan5),
 427     DEV_PLUS_VID (eth0.0005), DEV_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD (eth0.5)
 428
 429 **bond=_<bondname>_[:_<bondslaves>_:[:_<options>_]]**::
 430     Setup bonding device <bondname> on top of <bondslaves>.
 431     <bondslaves> is a comma-separated list of physical (ethernet) interfaces.
 432     <options> is a comma-separated list on bonding options (modinfo bonding for details)
 433     in format compatible with initscripts. If <options> includes multi-valued arp_ip_target option,
 434     then its values should be separated by semicolon.
 435     Bond without parameters assumes bond=bond0:eth0,eth1:mode=balance-rr
 436
 437 **team =_<teammaster>_:_<teamslaves>_**::
 438     Setup team device <teammaster> on top of <teamslaves>.
 439     <teamslaves> is a comma-separated list of physical (ethernet) interfaces.
 440
 441 **bridge=_<bridgename>_:_<ethnames>_**::
 442     Setup bridge <bridgename> with <ethnames>. <ethnames> is a comma-separated
 443     list of physical (ethernet) interfaces. Bridge without parameters assumes bridge=br0:eth0
 444
 445
 446 NFS
 447 ~~~
 448 **root=**[_<server-ip>_:]_<root-dir>_[:_<nfs-options>_]::
 449     mount nfs share from <server-ip>:/<root-dir>, if no server-ip is given, use
 450     dhcp next_server. if server-ip is an IPv6 address it has to be put in
 451     brackets, e.g. [2001:DB8::1]. NFS options can be appended with the prefix
 452     ":" or "," and are seperated by ",".
 453
 454 **root=**nfs:[_<server-ip>_:]_<root-dir>_[:_<nfs-options>_], **root=**nfs4:[_<server-ip>_:]_<root-dir>_[:_<nfs-options>_], **root=**_{dhcp|dhcp6}_::
 455     root=dhcp alone directs initrd to look at the DHCP root-path where NFS
 456     options can be specified.
 457 +
 458 ----
 459     root-path=<server-ip>:<root-dir>[,<nfs-options>]
 460     root-path=nfs:<server-ip>:<root-dir>[,<nfs-options>]
 461     root-path=nfs4:<server-ip>:<root-dir>[,<nfs-options>]
 462 ----
 463
 464 **root=**_/dev/nfs_ nfsroot=[_<server-ip>_:]_<root-dir>_[:_<nfs-options>_]::
 465     _Deprecated!_ kernel Documentation_/filesystems/nfsroot.txt_ defines this
 466     method. This is supported by dracut, but not recommended.
 467
 468 **rd.nfs.domain=**_<NFSv4 domain name>_::
 469     Set the NFSv4 domain name. Will overwrite the settings in _/etc/idmap.conf_.
 470
 471 CIFS
 472 ~~~
 473 **root=**cifs://[_<username>_[:_<password>_]@]_<server-ip>_:_<root-dir>_::
 474     mount cifs share from <server-ip>:/<root-dir>, if no server-ip is given, use
 475     dhcp next_server. if server-ip is an IPv6 address it has to be put in
 476     brackets, e.g. [2001:DB8::1]. If a username or password are not specified
 477 as part of the root, then they must be passed on the command line through
 478 cifsuser/cifspass.
 479 +
 480 [WARNING]
 481 ====
 482 Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for all users via the file _/proc/cmdline_ and via dmesg or can be sniffed on the network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path.
 483 ====
 484
 485 **cifsuser=_<username>_::
 486     Set the cifs username, if not specified as part of the root.
 487
 488 **cifspass=_<password>_::
 489     Set the cifs password, if not specified as part of the root.
 490 +
 491 [WARNING]
 492 ====
 493 Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for all users via the file _/proc/cmdline_ and via dmesg or can be sniffed on the network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path.
 494 ====
 495
 496 iSCSI
 497 ~~~~~
 498 **root=**iscsi:[_<username>_:_<password>_[:_<reverse>_:_<password>_]@][_<servername>_]:[_<protocol>_]:[_<port>_][:[_<iscsi_iface_name>_]:[_<netdev_name>_]]:[_<LUN>_]:_<targetname>_::
 499     protocol defaults to "6", LUN defaults to "0". If the "servername" field is
 500     provided by BOOTP or DHCP, then that field is used in conjunction with other
 501     associated fields to contact the boot server in the Boot stage. However, if
 502     the "servername" field is not provided, then the "targetname" field is then
 503     used in the Discovery Service stage in conjunction with other associated
 504     fields. See
 505     link:$$http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4173#section-5$$[rfc4173].
 506     e.g.:
 507 +
 508 ----
 509 root=iscsi:192.168.50.1::::iqn.2009-06.dracut:target0
 510 ----
 511 +
 512 If servername is an IPv6 address, it has to be put in brackets. e.g.:
 513 +
 514 ----
 515 root=iscsi:[2001:DB8::1]::::iqn.2009-06.dracut:target0
 516 ----
 517 +
 518 [WARNING]
 519 ====
 520 Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for all users via the file _/proc/cmdline_ and via dmesg or can be sniffed on the network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path.
 521 ====
 522
 523 **root=**_???_ **netroot=**iscsi:[_<username>_:_<password>_[:_<reverse>_:_<password>_]@][_<servername>_]:[_<protocol>_]:[_<port>_][:[_<iscsi_iface_name>_]:[_<netdev_name>_]]:[_<LUN>_]:_<targetname>_ ...::
 524     multiple netroot options allow setting up multiple iscsi disks. e.g.:
 525 +
 526 ----
 527 root=UUID=12424547
 528 netroot=iscsi:192.168.50.1::::iqn.2009-06.dracut:target0
 529 netroot=iscsi:192.168.50.1::::iqn.2009-06.dracut:target1
 530 ----
 531 +
 532 If servername is an IPv6 address, it has to be put in brackets. e.g.:
 533 +
 534 ----
 535 netroot=iscsi:[2001:DB8::1]::::iqn.2009-06.dracut:target0
 536 ----
 537 +
 538 [WARNING]
 539 ====
 540 Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for all users via the file _/proc/cmdline_ and via dmesg or can be sniffed on the network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path. You may want to use rd.iscsi.firmware.
 541 ====
 542
 543 **root=**_???_ **rd.iscsi.initiator=**_<initiator>_ **rd.iscsi.target.name=**_<target name>_  **rd.iscsi.target.ip=**_<target ip>_ **rd.iscsi.target.port=**_<target port>_ **rd.iscsi.target.group=**_<target group>_ **rd.iscsi.username=**_<username>_ **rd.iscsi.password=**_<password>_ **rd.iscsi.in.username=**_<in username>_ **rd.iscsi.in.password=**_<in password>_::
 544     manually specify all iscsistart parameter (see **+iscsistart --help+**)
 545 +
 546 [WARNING]
 547 ====
 548 Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for all users via the file _/proc/cmdline_ and via dmesg or can be sniffed on the network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path. You may want to use rd.iscsi.firmware.
 549 ====
 550
 551 **root=**_???_ **netroot=**iscsi **rd.iscsi.firmware=1**::
 552  will read the iscsi parameter from the BIOS firmware
 553
 554 **rd.iscsi.param=**_<param>_::
 555     <param> will be passed as "--param <param>" to iscsistart.
 556     This parameter can be specified multiple times.
 557     e.g.:
 558 +
 559 ----
 560 "netroot=iscsi rd.iscsi.firmware=1 rd.iscsi.param=node.session.timeo.replacement_timeout=30"
 561 ----
 562 +
 563 will result in
 564 +
 565 ----
 566 iscsistart -b --param node.session.timeo.replacement_timeout=30
 567 ----
 568
 569 FCoE
 570 ~~~~
 571 **fcoe=**_<edd|interface|MAC>_:_{dcb|nodcb}_::
 572     Try to connect to a FCoE SAN through the NIC specified by _<interface>_ or
 573     _<MAC>_ or EDD settings. For the second argument, currently only nodcb is
 574     supported. This parameter can be specified multiple times.
 575 +
 576 [NOTE]
 577 letters in the MAC-address must be lowercase!
 578
 579 NBD
 580 ~~~
 581 **root=**??? **netroot=**nbd:_<server>_:_<port>_[:_<fstype>_[:_<mountopts>_[:_<nbdopts>_]]]::
 582     mount nbd share from <server>
 583
 584 **root=dhcp** with **dhcp** **root-path=**nbd:_<server>_:_<port>_[:_<fstype>_[:_<mountopts>_[:_<nbdopts>_]]]::
 585     root=dhcp alone directs initrd to look at the DHCP root-path where NBD
 586     options can be specified. This syntax is only usable in cases where you are
 587     directly mounting the volume as the rootfs.
 588
 589 DASD
 590 ~~~~
 591 **rd.dasd=**....::
 592     same syntax as the kernel module parameter (s390 only)
 593
 594 ZFCP
 595 ~~~~
 596 **rd.zfcp=**_<zfcp adaptor device bus ID>_,_<WWPN>_,_<FCPLUN>_::
 597     rd.zfcp can be specified multiple times on the kernel command line. e.g.:
 598 +
 599 ----
 600 rd.zfcp=0.0.4000,0x5005076300C213e9,0x5022000000000000
 601 ----
 602
 603 **rd.zfcp.conf=0**::
 604     ignore zfcp.conf included in the initramfs
 605
 606 ZNET
 607 ~~~~
 608 **rd.znet=**_<nettype>_,_<subchannels>_,_<options>_::
 609     rd.znet can be specified multiple times on the kernel command line. e.g.:
 610 +
 611 ----
 612 rd.znet=qeth,0.0.0600,0.0.0601,0.0.0602,layer2=1,portname=foo
 613 rd.znet=ctc,0.0.0600,0.0.0601,protocol=bar
 614 ----
 615
 616 Plymouth Boot Splash
 617 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 618 **plymouth.enable=0**::
 619     disable the plymouth bootsplash completly.
 620
 621 **rd.plymouth=0**::
 622     disable the plymouth bootsplash only for the initramfs.
 623
 624 Kernel keys
 625 ~~~~~~~~~~~
 626 **masterkey=**_<kernel master key path name>_::
 627     Set the path name of the kernel master key. e.g.:
 628 +
 629 ----
 630 masterkey=/etc/keys/kmk-trusted.blob
 631 ----
 632
 633 **masterkeytype=**_<kernel master key type>_::
 634     Set the type of the kernel master key. e.g.:
 635 +
 636 ----
 637 masterkeytype=trusted
 638 ----
 639
 640 **evmkey=**_<EVM key path name>_::
 641     Set the path name of the EVM key. e.g.:
 642 +
 643 ----
 644 evmkey=/etc/keys/evm-trusted.blob
 645 ----
 646
 647 **ecryptfskey=**_<eCryptfs key path name>_::
 648     Set the path name of the eCryptfs key. e.g.:
 649 +
 650 ----
 651 ecryptfskey=/etc/keys/ecryptfs-trusted.blob
 652 ----
 653
 654 Deprecated, renamed Options
 655 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 656 Here is a list of options, which were used in dracut prior to version 008, and their new replacement.
 657
 658 rdbreak:: rd.break
 659
 660 rd_CCW:: rd.ccw
 661
 662 rd_DASD_MOD:: rd.dasd
 663
 664 rd_DASD:: rd.dasd
 665
 666 rdinitdebug rdnetdebug:: rd.debug
 667
 668 rd_NO_DM:: rd.dm=0
 669
 670 rd_DM_UUID:: rd.dm.uuid
 671
 672 rdblacklist:: rd.driver.blacklist
 673
 674 rdinsmodpost:: rd.driver.post
 675
 676 rdloaddriver:: rd.driver.pre
 677
 678 rd_NO_FSTAB:: rd.fstab=0
 679
 680 rdinfo:: rd.info
 681
 682 check:: rd.live.check
 683
 684 rdlivedebug:: rd.live.debug
 685
 686 live_dir:: rd.live.dir
 687
 688 liveimg:: rd.live.image
 689
 690 overlay:: rd.live.overlay
 691
 692 readonly_overlay:: rd.live.overlay.readonly
 693
 694 reset_overlay:: rd.live.overlay.reset
 695
 696 live_ram:: rd.live.ram
 697
 698 rd_NO_CRYPTTAB:: rd.luks.crypttab=0
 699
 700 rd_LUKS_KEYDEV_UUID:: rd.luks.keydev.uuid
 701
 702 rd_LUKS_KEYPATH:: rd.luks.keypath
 703
 704 rd_NO_LUKS:: rd.luks=0
 705
 706 rd_LUKS_UUID:: rd.luks.uuid
 707
 708 rd_NO_LVMCONF:: rd.lvm.conf
 709
 710 rd_LVM_LV:: rd.lvm.lv
 711
 712 rd_NO_LVM:: rd.lvm=0
 713
 714 rd_LVM_SNAPSHOT:: rd.lvm.snapshot
 715
 716 rd_LVM_SNAPSIZE:: rd.lvm.snapsize
 717
 718 rd_LVM_VG:: rd.lvm.vg
 719
 720 rd_NO_MDADMCONF:: rd.md.conf=0
 721
 722 rd_NO_MDIMSM:: rd.md.imsm=0
 723
 724 rd_NO_MD:: rd.md=0
 725
 726 rd_MD_UUID:: rd.md.uuid
 727
 728 rd_NFS_DOMAIN:: rd.nfs.domain
 729
 730 iscsi_initiator:: rd.iscsi.initiator
 731
 732 iscsi_target_name:: rd.iscsi.target.name
 733
 734 iscsi_target_ip:: rd.iscsi.target.ip
 735
 736 iscsi_target_port:: rd.iscsi.target.port
 737
 738 iscsi_target_group:: rd.iscsi.target.group
 739
 740 iscsi_username:: rd.iscsi.username
 741
 742 iscsi_password:: rd.iscsi.password
 743
 744 iscsi_in_username:: rd.iscsi.in.username
 745
 746 iscsi_in_password:: rd.iscsi.in.password
 747
 748 iscsi_firmware:: rd.iscsi.firmware=0
 749
 750 rd_NO_PLYMOUTH:: rd.plymouth=0
 751
 752 rd_retry:: rd.retry
 753
 754 rdshell:: rd.shell
 755
 756 rd_NO_SPLASH:: rd.splash
 757
 758 rdudevdebug:: rd.udev.debug
 759
 760 rdudevinfo:: rd.udev.info
 761
 762 rd_NO_ZFCPCONF:: rd.zfcp.conf=0
 763
 764 rd_ZFCP:: rd.zfcp
 765
 766 rd_ZNET:: rd.znet
 767
 768 KEYMAP:: vconsole.keymap
 769
 770 KEYTABLE:: vconsole.keymap
 771
 772 SYSFONT:: vconsole.font
 773
 774 CONTRANS:: vconsole.font.map
 775
 776 UNIMAP:: vconsole.font.unimap
 777
 778 UNICODE:: vconsole.unicode
 779
 780 EXT_KEYMAP:: vconsole.keymap.ext
 781
 782 Configuration in the Initramfs
 783 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 784 _/etc/conf.d/_::
 785     Any files found in _/etc/conf.d/_ will be sourced in the initramfs to
 786     set initial values. Command line options will override these values
 787     set in the configuration files.
 788
 789 _/etc/cmdline_::
 790     Can contain additional command line options. Deprecated, better use /etc/cmdline.d/*.conf.
 791
 792 _/etc/cmdline.d/*.conf_::
 793     Can contain additional command line options.
 794
 795 AUTHOR
 796 ------
 797 Harald Hoyer
 798
 799 SEE ALSO
 800 --------
 801 *dracut*(8) *dracut.conf*(5)