conform/linknamespace.pl

   1 #! /usr/bin/perl
   2
   3 # Check that use of symbols declared in a given header does not result
   4 # in any symbols being brought in that are not reserved with external
   5 # linkage for the given standard.
   6
   7 # Copyright (C) 2014-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   8 # This file is part of the GNU C Library.
   9
  10 # The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  11 # modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
  12 # License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
  13 # version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
  14
  15 # The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  16 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  17 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
  18 # Lesser General Public License for more details.
  19
  20 # You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
  21 # License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
  22 # <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  23
  24 use GlibcConform;
  25 use Getopt::Long;
  26
  27 GetOptions ('header=s' => \$header, 'standard=s' => \$standard,
  28             'flags=s' => \$flags, 'cc=s' => \$CC, 'tmpdir=s' => \$tmpdir,
  29             'stdsyms=s' => \$stdsyms_file, 'libsyms=s' => \$libsyms_file,
  30             'readelf=s' => \$READELF);
  31
  32 # Load the list of symbols that are OK.
  33 %stdsyms = ();
  34 open (STDSYMS, "<$stdsyms_file") || die ("open $stdsyms_file: $!\n");
  35 while (<STDSYMS>) {
  36   chomp;
  37   $stdsyms{$_} = 1;
  38 }
  39 close (STDSYMS) || die ("close $stdsyms_file: $!\n");
  40
  41 # The following whitelisted symbols are also allowed for now.
  42 #
  43 # * Bug 17576: stdin, stdout, stderr only reserved with external
  44 # linkage when stdio.h included (and possibly not then), not
  45 # generally.
  46 #
  47 # * Bug 18442: re_syntax_options wrongly brought in by regcomp and
  48 # used by re_comp.
  49 #
  50 # * False positive: matherr only used conditionally.  matherrf/matherrl are used
  51 # by IA64 too for the same reason.
  52 #
  53 @whitelist = qw(stdin stdout stderr re_syntax_options matherr matherrf
  54                 matherrl);
  55 foreach my $sym (@whitelist) {
  56   $stdsyms{$sym} = 1;
  57 }
  58
  59 # Return information about GLOBAL and WEAK symbols listed in readelf
  60 # -s output.
  61 sub list_syms {
  62   my ($syms_file) = @_;
  63   open (SYMS, "<$syms_file") || die ("open $syms_file: $!\n");
  64   my ($file) = $syms_file;
  65   my (@ret) = ();
  66   while (<SYMS>) {
  67     chomp;
  68     if (/^File: (.*)/) {
  69       $file = $1;
  70       $file =~ s|^.*/||;
  71       next;
  72     }
  73     s/^\s*//;
  74     # Architecture-specific st_other bits appear inside [] and disrupt
  75     # the format of readelf output.
  76     s/\[.*?\]//;
  77     my (@fields) = split (/\s+/, $_);
  78     if (@fields < 8) {
  79       next;
  80     }
  81     my ($bind) = $fields[4];
  82     my ($ndx) = $fields[6];
  83     my ($sym) = $fields[7];
  84     if ($bind ne "GLOBAL" && $bind ne "WEAK") {
  85       next;
  86     }
  87     if ($sym !~ /^\w+$/) {
  88       next;
  89     }
  90     push (@ret, [$file, $sym, $bind, $ndx ne "UND"]);
  91   }
  92   close (SYMS) || die ("close $syms_file: $!\n");
  93   return @ret;
  94 }
  95
  96 # Load information about GLOBAL and WEAK symbols defined or used in
  97 # the standard libraries.
  98 # Symbols from a given object, except for weak defined symbols.
  99 %seen_syms = ();
 100 # Strong undefined symbols from a given object.
 101 %strong_undef_syms = ();
 102 # Objects defining a given symbol (strongly or weakly).
 103 %sym_objs = ();
 104 @sym_data = list_syms ($libsyms_file);
 105 foreach my $sym (@sym_data) {
 106   my ($file, $name, $bind, $defined) = @$sym;
 107   if ($defined) {
 108     if (!defined ($sym_objs{$name})) {
 109       $sym_objs{$name} = [];
 110     }
 111     push (@{$sym_objs{$name}}, $file);
 112   }
 113   if ($bind eq "GLOBAL" || !$defined) {
 114     if (!defined ($seen_syms{$file})) {
 115       $seen_syms{$file} = [];
 116     }
 117     push (@{$seen_syms{$file}}, $name);
 118   }
 119   if ($bind eq "GLOBAL" && !$defined) {
 120     if (!defined ($strong_undef_syms{$file})) {
 121       $strong_undef_syms{$file} = [];
 122     }
 123     push (@{$strong_undef_syms{$file}}, $name);
 124   }
 125 }
 126
 127 # Determine what ELF-level symbols are brought in by use of C-level
 128 # symbols declared in the given header.
 129 #
 130 # The rules followed are heuristic and so may produce false positives
 131 # and false negatives.
 132 #
 133 # * All undefined symbols are considered of signficance, but it is
 134 # possible that (a) any standard library definition is weak, so can be
 135 # overridden by the user's definition, and (b) the symbol is only used
 136 # conditionally and not if the program is limited to standard
 137 # functionality.  (matherr is an example of such a false positive.)
 138 #
 139 # * If a symbol reference is only brought in by the user using a data
 140 # symbol rather than a function from the standard library, this will
 141 # not be detected.
 142 #
 143 # * If a symbol reference is only brought in by crt*.o or libgcc, this
 144 # will not be detected.
 145 #
 146 # * If a symbol reference is only brought in through __builtin_foo in
 147 # a standard macro being compiled to call foo, this will not be
 148 # detected.
 149 #
 150 # * Header inclusions should be compiled several times with different
 151 # options such as -O2, -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE and -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 to
 152 # find out what symbols are undefined from such a compilation; this is
 153 # not yet implemented.
 154 #
 155 # * This script finds symbols referenced through use of macros on the
 156 # basis that if a macro calls an internal function, that function must
 157 # also be declared in the header.  However, the header might also
 158 # declare implementation-namespace functions that are not called by
 159 # any standard macro in the header, resulting in false positives for
 160 # any symbols brought in only through use of those
 161 # implementation-namespace functions.
 162 #
 163 # * Namespace issues can apply for dynamic linking as well as static
 164 # linking, when a call is from one shared library to another or uses a
 165 # PLT entry for a call within a shared library; such issues are only
 166 # detected by this script if the same namespace issue applies for
 167 # static linking.
 168
 169 @c_syms = list_exported_functions ("$CC $flags", $standard, $header, $tmpdir);
 170 $cincfile = "$tmpdir/undef-$$.c";
 171 $cincfile_o = "$tmpdir/undef-$$.o";
 172 $cincfile_sym = "$tmpdir/undef-$$.sym";
 173 open (CINCFILE, ">$cincfile") || die ("open $cincfile: $!\n");
 174 print CINCFILE "#include <$header>\n";
 175 foreach my $sym (sort @c_syms) {
 176   print CINCFILE "void *__glibc_test_$sym = (void *) &$sym;\n";
 177 }
 178 close CINCFILE || die ("close $cincfile: $!\n");
 179 system ("$CC $flags -D_ISOMAC $CFLAGS{$standard} -c $cincfile -o $cincfile_o")
 180   && die ("compiling failed\n");
 181 system ("LC_ALL=C $READELF -W -s $cincfile_o > $cincfile_sym")
 182   && die ("readelf failed\n");
 183 @elf_syms = list_syms ($cincfile_sym);
 184 unlink ($cincfile) || die ("unlink $cincfile: $!\n");
 185 unlink ($cincfile_o) || die ("unlink $cincfile_o: $!\n");
 186 unlink ($cincfile_sym) || die ("unlink $cincfile_sym: $!\n");
 187
 188 %seen_where = ();
 189 %files_seen = ();
 190 %all_undef = ();
 191 %current_undef = ();
 192 foreach my $sym (@elf_syms) {
 193   my ($file, $name, $bind, $defined) = @$sym;
 194   if ($bind eq "GLOBAL" && !$defined) {
 195     $seen_where{$name} = "[initial] $name";
 196     $all_undef{$name} = "[initial] $name";
 197     $current_undef{$name} = "[initial] $name";
 198   }
 199 }
 200
 201 while (%current_undef) {
 202   %new_undef = ();
 203   foreach my $sym (sort keys %current_undef) {
 204     foreach my $file (@{$sym_objs{$sym}}) {
 205       if (defined ($files_seen{$file})) {
 206         next;
 207       }
 208       $files_seen{$file} = 1;
 209       foreach my $ssym (@{$seen_syms{$file}}) {
 210         if (!defined ($seen_where{$ssym})) {
 211           $seen_where{$ssym} = "$current_undef{$sym} -> [$file] $ssym";
 212         }
 213       }
 214       foreach my $usym (@{$strong_undef_syms{$file}}) {
 215         if (!defined ($all_undef{$usym})) {
 216           $all_undef{$usym} = "$current_undef{$sym} -> [$file] $usym";
 217           $new_undef{$usym} = "$current_undef{$sym} -> [$file] $usym";
 218         }
 219       }
 220     }
 221   }
 222   %current_undef = %new_undef;
 223 }
 224
 225 $ret = 0;
 226 foreach my $sym (sort keys %seen_where) {
 227   if ($sym =~ /^_/) {
 228     next;
 229   }
 230   if (defined ($stdsyms{$sym})) {
 231     next;
 232   }
 233   print "$seen_where{$sym}\n";
 234   $ret = 1;
 235 }
 236
 237 exit $ret;