they should be terminated by a period.
alarm was due to be delivered, or zero if there was no previously
scheduled alarm.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-SVr4, POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD
+SVr4, POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD.
.SH NOTES
.BR alarm ()
and
.I fd
is bound to a special file which does not support synchronization.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001
+4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
.SH AVAILABILITY
On POSIX systems on which
.BR fdatasync ()
.SH ERRORS
These functions are always successful.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD
+POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR getresgid (2),
.BR setgid (2),
.SH ERRORS
These functions are always successful.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD, SVr4
+POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD, SVr4.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR fork (2),
.BR kill (2),
.BR wait (2)ed
for.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001
+SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
.SH NOTES
The only signals that can be sent to process ID 1, the
.I init
(Linux 2.6.8 and earlier) The caller was not privileged
.RB ( CAP_IPC_LOCK ).
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-POSIX.1-2001, SVr4
+POSIX.1-2001, SVr4.
.SH AVAILABILITY
On POSIX systems on which
.BR mlock ()
The specified process does not exist, or is not currently being traced
by the caller, or is not stopped (for requests that require that).
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-SVr4, 4.3BSD
+SVr4, 4.3BSD.
.SH NOTES
Although arguments to
.BR ptrace ()
.B Q_SETQLIM
was asked for a file system that didn't have quota enabled.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-BSD
+BSD.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR quota (1),
.BR getrlimit (2),
.SH VERSIONS
This system call first appeared in Linux 2.2.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-POSIX.1-2001
+POSIX.1-2001.
.SH NOTES
If this function results in the sending of a signal to the process
that invoked it, and that signal was not blocked by the calling thread,
.I timeout
was invalid.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-POSIX.1-2001
+POSIX.1-2001.
.SH NOTES
In normal usage, the calling program blocks the signals in
.I set
.B EOVERFLOW
Some values were too large to be represented in the returned struct.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-POSIX.1-2001
+POSIX.1-2001.
.SH NOTES
The Linux kernel has system calls
.BR statfs (2)
As for
.BR waitpid (2).
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-4.3BSD
+4.3BSD.
.SH NOTES
Including
.I <sys/time.h>
and \fIlong double\fP, respectively,
that represent a large positive value, possibly plus infinity.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH AVAILABILITY
On a glibc system, the macro
.B HUGE_VAL
.BR abort ()
function never returns.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-SVr4, POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD, C89, C99
+SVr4, POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD, C89, C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR gdb (1),
.BR sigaction (2),
.I fd
is not a valid file descriptor.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-POSIX.1-2001
+POSIX.1-2001.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR aio_error (3),
.BR aio_fsync (3),
.BR aio_return (3))
has not been retrieved yet.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-POSIX.1-2001
+POSIX.1-2001.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR aio_cancel (3),
.BR aio_fsync (3),
or
.BR O_DSYNC .
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-POSIX.1-2001
+POSIX.1-2001.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR aio_cancel (3),
.BR aio_error (3),
and want at least one byte, but the starting position is past
the maximum offset for this file.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-POSIX.1-2001
+POSIX.1-2001.
.SH NOTES
It is a good idea to zero out the control block before use.
This control block must not be changed while the read operation
does not point at a control block for an asynchronous I/O request
of which the return status has not been retrieved yet.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-POSIX.1-2001
+POSIX.1-2001.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR aio_cancel (3),
.BR aio_error (3),
(Possibly the completion signal of one of the operations we were
waiting for.)
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-POSIX.1-2001
+POSIX.1-2001.
.SH NOTES
One can achieve polling by using a non-NULL
.I timeout
.B ENOSYS
This function is not supported.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-POSIX.1-2001
+POSIX.1-2001.
.SH NOTES
It is a good idea to zero out the control block before use.
This control block must not be changed while the write operation
.BR basename ()
return pointers to null-terminated strings.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-POSIX.1-2001
+POSIX.1-2001.
.SH NOTES
There are two different versions of
.BR basename ()
If there are multiple elements that
match the key, the element returned is unspecified.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001, C89, C99
+SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001, C89, C99.
.SH EXAMPLE
The example below first sorts an array of structures using
.BR qsort (3),
.IR z .
The result is a real number.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH NOTES
The function is actually an alias for
.I "hypot(a,\ b)"
cacos(z) = \-i clog(z + csqrt(z * z \- 1))
.fi
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR ccos (3),
.BR clog (3),
cacosh(z) = (0.5) * clog((1 + z) / (1 \- z))
.fi
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR acosh (3),
.BR cabs (3),
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
The return value is the range of [\-pi,pi].
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR cabs (3),
.BR complex (7)
casin(z) = \-i clog(iz + csqrt(1 \- z * z))
.fi
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR ccos (3),
.BR clog (3),
casinh(z) = clog(z + csqrt(z * z + 1))
.fi
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR asinh (3),
.BR cabs (3),
catan(z) = 1 / 2i clog((1 + iz) / (1 \- iz))
.fi
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR ccos (3),
.BR clog (3),
catanh(z) = 0.5 * clog((1 + z) / (1 \- z))
.fi
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR atanh (3),
.BR cabs (3),
This function cannot fail; every representable real value has a
representable real cube root.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.\" .BR cbrt ()
.\" was a GNU extension. It is now a C99 requirement.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
ccos(z) = (exp(i * z) + exp(\-i * z)) / 2
.fi
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR cabs (3),
.BR csin (3),
ccosh(z) = (exp(z)+exp(\-z))/2
.fi
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR cabs (3),
.BR csinh (3),
cexp(I * z) = ccos(z) + I * csin(z)
.fi
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR cabs (3),
.BR clog (3),
z = creal(z) + I * cimag(z)
.fi
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH NOTES
gcc also supports __imag__.
That is a GNU extension.
.I z
close to zero will cause an overflow.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR cabs (3),
.BR cexp (3),
.B EBADF
Invalid directory stream descriptor \fIdir\fP.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-SVr4, POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD
+SVr4, POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR close (2),
.BR opendir (3),
.I name
is invalid.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-POSIX.1-2001
+POSIX.1-2001.
.SH EXAMPLE
The following code fragment determines the path where to find
the POSIX.2 system utilities:
cabs(z) = csqrt(z * conj(z))
.fi
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR cabs (3),
.BR sqrt (3),
.I x
along the negative real axis.)
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR cabs (3),
.BR pow (3),
Every complex infinite value is projected to a single infinite value,
namely to positive infinity on the real axis.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH NOTES
The glibc implementation is broken and does something entirely different.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
z = creal(z) + I * cimag(z)
.fi
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH NOTES
The gcc supports also __real__.
That is a GNU extension.
.\" Making encrypted data computed using crypt() publicly available has
.\" to be considered insecure for the given reasons.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001
+SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
.SH NOTES
.SS Glibc Notes
The glibc2 version of this function supports additional
csin(z) = (exp(i * z) \- exp(\-i * z)) / (2 * i)
.fi
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR cabs (3),
.BR ccos (3),
csinh(z) = (exp(z)\-exp(\-z))/2
.fi
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR cabs (3),
.BR ccosh (3),
\fIcsqrt(\-1\-eps*I)\fP will be close to \-I, \fIif eps\fP is a small positive
real number.)
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR cabs (3),
.BR cexp (3),
ctan(z) = csin(z) / ccos(z)
.fi
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR cabs (3),
.BR ccos (3),
ctanh(z) = csinh(z) / ccosh(z)
.fi
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR cabs (3),
.BR ccosh (3),
.BR gmtime (),
.BR localtime (),
and
-.BR mktime ()
+.BR mktime ().
.\" FIXME . Mar 08: The next POSIX.1 revisions marks asctime(), asctime_r(),
.\" ctime(), and ctime_r() obsolete.
.SH NOTES
elapsed since the Epoch
(00:00:00 on January 1, 1970, Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)).
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-SVr4, 4.3BSD, C89, C99
+SVr4, 4.3BSD, C89, C99.
.SH NOTES
On a POSIX system,
.I time_t
.fi
.in
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-4.3BSD, SunOS
+4.3BSD, SunOS.
.SH BUGS
The glibc 2.2.5 implementation of
.BR ether_line ()
.I y
or both are NaN, Nan is returned.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR fmax (3)
.I group
structure.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-SVr4
+SVr4.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR endgrent (3),
.BR fgetgrent_r (3),
.I /etc/passwd
password database file
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-SVr4
+SVr4.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR endpwent (3),
.BR fgetpwent_r (3),
.PP
Other values represent machine-dependent, non-standard rounding modes.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR fenv (3),
.BR remainder (3),
and
.IR y .
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR fmin (3)
and
.IR y .
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR fmax (3)
.I x
is negative infinity.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH NOTES
In glibc 2.01 and earlier,
.BR isinf ()
Variables used by
.BR strptime (3).
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-POSIX.1-2001
+POSIX.1-2001.
.SH NOTES
Since
.BR getdate ()
.I /etc/group
local group database file
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001
+SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
.SH NOTES
The formulation given above under "RETURN VALUE" is from POSIX.1-2001.
It does not call "not found" an error, hence does not specify what value
.I /etc/passwd
local password database file
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001
+SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
.SH NOTES
The formulation given above under "RETURN VALUE" is from POSIX.1-2001.
It does not call "not found" an error, and hence does not specify what value
/etc/shells
.fi
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-4.3BSD
+4.3BSD.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR shells (5)
standard input, or
.BR WEOF .
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH NOTES
The behavior of
.BR getwchar ()
.BR grantpt ()
is provided in glibc since version 2.1.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-POSIX.1-2001
+POSIX.1-2001.
.SH NOTES
This is part of the Unix98 pty support, see
.BR pts (4).
.B INT_MIN
is returned.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR log (3),
.BR logb (3)
.B ERANGE
The value of \fIerror\fP is positive or negative infinity.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-4.3BSD
+4.3BSD.
.SH NOTES
This obsolete function was provided in
libc4 and libc5, but is not available in glibc2.
\fI/etc/group\fP group database file
.fi
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-SVr4, 4.3BSD
+SVr4, 4.3BSD.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR getgroups (2),
.BR setgroups (2),
removes the element pointed to by \fIelem\fP from the
doubly-linked list.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-POSIX.1-2001
+POSIX.1-2001.
.SH "NOTES"
Traditionally (e.g., SunOS, Linux libc 4 and libc 5),
the arguments of these functions were of type \fIstruct qelem *\fP,
isunordered()
is true if \fIx\fP or \fIy\fP is NaN and false otherwise.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH NOTES
Not all hardware supports these functions, and where it doesn't, they
will be emulated by macros.
.B ENOLCK
Too many segment locks open, lock table is full.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-SVr4, POSIX.1-2001
+SVr4, POSIX.1-2001.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR fcntl (2),
.BR flock (2)
.\" function occurs in 4.3BSD.
.\" see IEEE.3 in the 4.3BSD manual
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR ilogb (3),
.BR log (3)
invalid multibyte sequence was encountered or if it couldn't parse a complete
multibyte character.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH NOTES
The behavior of
.BR mblen ()
It returns \fI(size_t)\ \-2\fP if it couldn't parse a complete multibyte
character, meaning that \fIn\fP should be increased.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH NOTES
The behavior of
.BR mbrlen ()
It returns \fI(size_t)\ \-2\fP if it couldn't parse a complete multibyte
character, meaning that \fIn\fP should be increased.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH NOTES
The behavior of
.BR mbrtowc ()
\fIps\fP is a null pointer.
Otherwise it returns 0.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH NOTES
The behavior of
.BR mbsinit ()
.I (size_t)\ \-1
is returned, and \fIerrno\fP set to \fBEILSEQ\fP.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH NOTES
The behavior of
.BR mbsrtowcs ()
.I (size_t)\ \-1
is returned.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH NOTES
The behavior of
.BR mbstowcs ()
returns non-zero if the encoding
has nontrivial shift state, or zero if the encoding is stateless.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH NOTES
The behavior of
.BR mbtowc ()
in \fIdest\fP after \fIc\fP, or NULL if \fIc\fP was not found in the
first \fIn\fP characters of \fIsrc\fP.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-SVr4, 4.3BSD, C99
+SVr4, 4.3BSD, C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR bcopy (3),
.BR memcpy (3),
.BR psignal ()
function returns no value.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-4.3BSD
+4.3BSD.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR perror (3),
.BR strsignal (3)
.B ENOMEM
Insufficient space to allocate new environment.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-SVr4, POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD
+SVr4, POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD.
.SH NOTES
The
.BR putenv ()
.B EINVAL
Invalid (NULL) argument given.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-SVr4
+SVr4.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR endpwent (3),
.BR fgetpwent (3),
.B EOF
on error.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C89, C99
+C89, C99.
.SH BUGS
It is not advisable to mix calls to output functions from the
.I stdio
.BR re_exec ()
returns 1 for a successful match, zero for failure.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-4.3BSD
+4.3BSD.
.SH NOTES
These functions are obsolete; the functions documented in
.BR regcomp (3)
.B EBADF
Invalid directory stream descriptor \fIdir\fP.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001
+SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
.SH NOTES
Only the fields
.I d_name
.\" glibc, UnixWare: return 3 bits
.\" MacOS 10: return 7 bits
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C99
+C99.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR fmod (3),
.BR logb (3),
/etc/host.conf resolver configuration file
.fi
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-4.3BSD
+4.3BSD.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR gethostbyname (3),
.BR resolv.conf (5),
.LP
POSIX.1-2001 says that the group ownership of a newly created shared
memory object is set to either the calling process's effective group ID
-or "a system default group ID"
+or "a system default group ID".
.SH "NOTES"
.LP
POSIX leaves the behavior of the combination of
.BR sockatmark ()
was added to glibc in version 2.2.4.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-POSIX.1-2001
+POSIX.1-2001.
.SH NOTES
If
.BR sockatmark ()
(or the first \fIn\fP bytes thereof) is found, respectively, to be
less than, to match, or be greater than \fIs2\fP.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-4.4BSD, POSIX.1-2001
+4.4BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR bcmp (3),
.BR memcmp (3),
function returns a pointer to the token,
that is, it returns the original value of \fI*stringp\fP.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-4.4BSD
+4.4BSD.
.SH NOTES
The
.BR strsep ()
SVr4, POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD, C89, C99.
.TP
.BR strtok_r ()
-POSIX.1-2001
+POSIX.1-2001.
.SH BUGS
Avoid using these functions.
If you do use them, note that:
If the value returned is \fIn\fP or more, the
contents of \fIdest\fP are indeterminate.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-SVr4, 4.3BSD, C89, C99
+SVr4, 4.3BSD, C89, C99.
.SH NOTES
In the \fI"POSIX"\fP or \fI"C"\fP locales
.BR strxfrm ()
.BR swab ()
function returns no value.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001
+SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR bstring (3),
.BR feature_test_macros (7)
.BR tcgetsid ()
is provided in glibc since version 2.1.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-POSIX.1-2001
+POSIX.1-2001.
.SH NOTES
This function is implemented via the
.B TIOCGSID
.B ENOMEM
Allocation of storage failed.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001
+SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
.\" FIXME . Mar 08: The next POSIX.1 revisions marks tempnam() obsolete.
.SH NOTES
Although
.I c
if the conversion was not possible.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-C89, C99, 4.3BSD
+C89, C99, 4.3BSD.
.SH BUGS
The details of what constitutes an uppercase or lowercase letter depend
on the current locale.
.I localtime
or to the correct time zone file in the system time zone directory.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-SVr4, POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD
+SVr4, POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD.
.SH NOTES
Note that the variable \fIdaylight\fP does not indicate that daylight
saving time applies right now.
.BR wordfree ()
are provided in glibc since version 2.1.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-POSIX.1-2001
+POSIX.1-2001.
.SH EXAMPLE
The output of the following example program
is approximately that of "ls [a-c]*.c".
.\" .SH AUTHOR
.\" Jochen Hein (jochen.hein@delphi.central.de)
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-POSIX.2
+POSIX.2.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR locale (1),
.BR localedef (1),
.br
/usr/lib/nls/charmap/* \(em charmap-files
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-POSIX.2, ISO/IEC 14652
+POSIX.2, ISO/IEC 14652.
.SH BUGS
This manual page isn't complete.
.\" .SH AUTHOR
.I /var/yp
Database files for NIS.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-The Filesystem Hierarchy Standard, Version 2.2 <http://www.pathname.com/fhs/>
+The Filesystem Hierarchy Standard, Version 2.2 <http://www.pathname.com/fhs/>.
.SH BUGS
This list is not exhaustive; different systems may be configured
differently.
The variables \fBLANG\fP, \fBLC_ALL\fP, \fBLC_CTYPE\fP,
and \fBLC_MESSAGES\fP have the usual meaning.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
-POSIX.2
+POSIX.2.
.SH NOTES
On Linux,
.B sync