[thirdparty/mdadm.git] / super-intel.c

/*
 * mdadm - Intel(R) Matrix Storage Manager Support
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2002-2008 Intel Corporation
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
 * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
 * more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
 * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
 * 51 Franklin St - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 */

#define HAVE_STDINT_H 1
#include "mdadm.h"
#include "mdmon.h"
#include "sha1.h"
#include "platform-intel.h"
#include <values.h>
#include <scsi/sg.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <dirent.h>

/* MPB == Metadata Parameter Block */
#define MPB_SIGNATURE "Intel Raid ISM Cfg Sig. "
#define MPB_SIG_LEN (strlen(MPB_SIGNATURE))
#define MPB_VERSION_RAID0 "1.0.00"
#define MPB_VERSION_RAID1 "1.1.00"
#define MPB_VERSION_MANY_VOLUMES_PER_ARRAY "1.2.00"
#define MPB_VERSION_3OR4_DISK_ARRAY "1.2.01"
#define MPB_VERSION_RAID5 "1.2.02"
#define MPB_VERSION_5OR6_DISK_ARRAY "1.2.04"
#define MPB_VERSION_CNG "1.2.06"
#define MPB_VERSION_ATTRIBS "1.3.00"
#define MAX_SIGNATURE_LENGTH  32
#define MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN   16

/* supports RAID0 */
#define MPB_ATTRIB_RAID0                __cpu_to_le32(0x00000001)
/* supports RAID1 */
#define MPB_ATTRIB_RAID1                __cpu_to_le32(0x00000002)
/* supports RAID10 */
#define MPB_ATTRIB_RAID10               __cpu_to_le32(0x00000004)
/* supports RAID1E */
#define MPB_ATTRIB_RAID1E               __cpu_to_le32(0x00000008)
/* supports RAID5 */
#define MPB_ATTRIB_RAID5                __cpu_to_le32(0x00000010)
/* supports RAID CNG */
#define MPB_ATTRIB_RAIDCNG              __cpu_to_le32(0x00000020)
/* supports expanded stripe sizes of  256K, 512K and 1MB */
#define MPB_ATTRIB_EXP_STRIPE_SIZE      __cpu_to_le32(0x00000040)

/* The OROM Support RST Caching of Volumes */
#define MPB_ATTRIB_NVM                  __cpu_to_le32(0x02000000)
/* The OROM supports creating disks greater than 2TB */
#define MPB_ATTRIB_2TB_DISK             __cpu_to_le32(0x04000000)
/* The OROM supports Bad Block Management */
#define MPB_ATTRIB_BBM                  __cpu_to_le32(0x08000000)

/* THe OROM Supports NVM Caching of Volumes */
#define MPB_ATTRIB_NEVER_USE2           __cpu_to_le32(0x10000000)
/* The OROM supports creating volumes greater than 2TB */
#define MPB_ATTRIB_2TB                  __cpu_to_le32(0x20000000)
/* originally for PMP, now it's wasted b/c. Never use this bit! */
#define MPB_ATTRIB_NEVER_USE            __cpu_to_le32(0x40000000)
/* Verify MPB contents against checksum after reading MPB */
#define MPB_ATTRIB_CHECKSUM_VERIFY      __cpu_to_le32(0x80000000)

/* Define all supported attributes that have to be accepted by mdadm
 */
#define MPB_ATTRIB_SUPPORTED           (MPB_ATTRIB_CHECKSUM_VERIFY | \
                                        MPB_ATTRIB_2TB             | \
                                        MPB_ATTRIB_2TB_DISK        | \
                                        MPB_ATTRIB_RAID0           | \
                                        MPB_ATTRIB_RAID1           | \
                                        MPB_ATTRIB_RAID10          | \
                                        MPB_ATTRIB_RAID5           | \
                                        MPB_ATTRIB_EXP_STRIPE_SIZE | \
                                        MPB_ATTRIB_BBM)

/* Define attributes that are unused but not harmful */
#define MPB_ATTRIB_IGNORED              (MPB_ATTRIB_NEVER_USE)

#define MPB_SECTOR_CNT 2210
#define IMSM_RESERVED_SECTORS 8192
#define NUM_BLOCKS_DIRTY_STRIPE_REGION 2048
#define SECT_PER_MB_SHIFT 11
#define MAX_SECTOR_SIZE 4096
#define MULTIPLE_PPL_AREA_SIZE_IMSM (1024 * 1024) /* Size of the whole
                                                   * mutliple PPL area
                                                   */

/*
 * Internal Write-intent bitmap is stored in the same area where PPL.
 * Both features are mutually exclusive, so it is not an issue.
 * The first 8KiB of the area are reserved and shall not be used.
 */
#define IMSM_BITMAP_AREA_RESERVED_SIZE 8192

#define IMSM_BITMAP_HEADER_OFFSET (IMSM_BITMAP_AREA_RESERVED_SIZE)
#define IMSM_BITMAP_HEADER_SIZE MAX_SECTOR_SIZE

#define IMSM_BITMAP_START_OFFSET (IMSM_BITMAP_HEADER_OFFSET + IMSM_BITMAP_HEADER_SIZE)
#define IMSM_BITMAP_AREA_SIZE (MULTIPLE_PPL_AREA_SIZE_IMSM - IMSM_BITMAP_START_OFFSET)
#define IMSM_BITMAP_AND_HEADER_SIZE (IMSM_BITMAP_AREA_SIZE + IMSM_BITMAP_HEADER_SIZE)

#define IMSM_DEFAULT_BITMAP_CHUNKSIZE (64 * 1024 * 1024)
#define IMSM_DEFAULT_BITMAP_DAEMON_SLEEP 5

/*
 * This macro let's us ensure that no-one accidentally
 * changes the size of a struct
 */
#define ASSERT_SIZE(_struct, size) \
static inline void __assert_size_##_struct(void)        \
{                                                       \
        switch (0) {                                    \
        case 0: break;                                  \
        case (sizeof(struct _struct) == size): break;   \
        }                                               \
}

/* Disk configuration info. */
#define IMSM_MAX_DEVICES 255
struct imsm_disk {
        __u8 serial[MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN];/* 0xD8 - 0xE7 ascii serial number */
        __u32 total_blocks_lo;           /* 0xE8 - 0xEB total blocks lo */
        __u32 scsi_id;                   /* 0xEC - 0xEF scsi ID */
#define SPARE_DISK      __cpu_to_le32(0x01)  /* Spare */
#define CONFIGURED_DISK __cpu_to_le32(0x02)  /* Member of some RaidDev */
#define FAILED_DISK     __cpu_to_le32(0x04)  /* Permanent failure */
#define JOURNAL_DISK    __cpu_to_le32(0x2000000) /* Device marked as Journaling Drive */
        __u32 status;                    /* 0xF0 - 0xF3 */
        __u32 owner_cfg_num; /* which config 0,1,2... owns this disk */
        __u32 total_blocks_hi;           /* 0xF4 - 0xF5 total blocks hi */
#define IMSM_DISK_FILLERS       3
        __u32 filler[IMSM_DISK_FILLERS]; /* 0xF5 - 0x107 MPB_DISK_FILLERS for future expansion */
};
ASSERT_SIZE(imsm_disk, 48)

/* map selector for map managment
 */
#define MAP_0           0
#define MAP_1           1
#define MAP_X           -1

/* RAID map configuration infos. */
struct imsm_map {
        __u32 pba_of_lba0_lo;   /* start address of partition */
        __u32 blocks_per_member_lo;/* blocks per member */
        __u32 num_data_stripes_lo;      /* number of data stripes */
        __u16 blocks_per_strip;
        __u8  map_state;        /* Normal, Uninitialized, Degraded, Failed */
#define IMSM_T_STATE_NORMAL 0
#define IMSM_T_STATE_UNINITIALIZED 1
#define IMSM_T_STATE_DEGRADED 2
#define IMSM_T_STATE_FAILED 3
        __u8  raid_level;
#define IMSM_T_RAID0 0
#define IMSM_T_RAID1 1
#define IMSM_T_RAID5 5          /* since metadata version 1.2.02 ? */
        __u8  num_members;      /* number of member disks */
        __u8  num_domains;      /* number of parity domains */
        __u8  failed_disk_num;  /* valid only when state is degraded */
        __u8  ddf;
        __u32 pba_of_lba0_hi;
        __u32 blocks_per_member_hi;
        __u32 num_data_stripes_hi;
        __u32 filler[4];        /* expansion area */
#define IMSM_ORD_REBUILD (1 << 24)
        __u32 disk_ord_tbl[1];  /* disk_ord_tbl[num_members],
                                 * top byte contains some flags
                                 */
};
ASSERT_SIZE(imsm_map, 52)

struct imsm_vol {
        __u32 curr_migr_unit;
        __u32 checkpoint_id;    /* id to access curr_migr_unit */
        __u8  migr_state;       /* Normal or Migrating */
#define MIGR_INIT 0
#define MIGR_REBUILD 1
#define MIGR_VERIFY 2 /* analagous to echo check > sync_action */
#define MIGR_GEN_MIGR 3
#define MIGR_STATE_CHANGE 4
#define MIGR_REPAIR 5
        __u8  migr_type;        /* Initializing, Rebuilding, ... */
#define RAIDVOL_CLEAN          0
#define RAIDVOL_DIRTY          1
#define RAIDVOL_DSRECORD_VALID 2
        __u8  dirty;
        __u8  fs_state;         /* fast-sync state for CnG (0xff == disabled) */
        __u16 verify_errors;    /* number of mismatches */
        __u16 bad_blocks;       /* number of bad blocks during verify */
        __u32 filler[4];
        struct imsm_map map[1];
        /* here comes another one if migr_state */
};
ASSERT_SIZE(imsm_vol, 84)

struct imsm_dev {
        __u8  volume[MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN];
        __u32 size_low;
        __u32 size_high;
#define DEV_BOOTABLE            __cpu_to_le32(0x01)
#define DEV_BOOT_DEVICE         __cpu_to_le32(0x02)
#define DEV_READ_COALESCING     __cpu_to_le32(0x04)
#define DEV_WRITE_COALESCING    __cpu_to_le32(0x08)
#define DEV_LAST_SHUTDOWN_DIRTY __cpu_to_le32(0x10)
#define DEV_HIDDEN_AT_BOOT      __cpu_to_le32(0x20)
#define DEV_CURRENTLY_HIDDEN    __cpu_to_le32(0x40)
#define DEV_VERIFY_AND_FIX      __cpu_to_le32(0x80)
#define DEV_MAP_STATE_UNINIT    __cpu_to_le32(0x100)
#define DEV_NO_AUTO_RECOVERY    __cpu_to_le32(0x200)
#define DEV_CLONE_N_GO          __cpu_to_le32(0x400)
#define DEV_CLONE_MAN_SYNC      __cpu_to_le32(0x800)
#define DEV_CNG_MASTER_DISK_NUM __cpu_to_le32(0x1000)
        __u32 status;   /* Persistent RaidDev status */
        __u32 reserved_blocks; /* Reserved blocks at beginning of volume */
        __u8  migr_priority;
        __u8  num_sub_vols;
        __u8  tid;
        __u8  cng_master_disk;
        __u16 cache_policy;
        __u8  cng_state;
        __u8  cng_sub_state;
        __u16 my_vol_raid_dev_num; /* Used in Unique volume Id for this RaidDev */

        /* NVM_EN */
        __u8 nv_cache_mode;
        __u8 nv_cache_flags;

        /* Unique Volume Id of the NvCache Volume associated with this volume */
        __u32 nvc_vol_orig_family_num;
        __u16 nvc_vol_raid_dev_num;

#define RWH_OFF 0
#define RWH_DISTRIBUTED 1
#define RWH_JOURNALING_DRIVE 2
#define RWH_MULTIPLE_DISTRIBUTED 3
#define RWH_MULTIPLE_PPLS_JOURNALING_DRIVE 4
#define RWH_MULTIPLE_OFF 5
#define RWH_BITMAP 6
        __u8  rwh_policy; /* Raid Write Hole Policy */
        __u8  jd_serial[MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN]; /* Journal Drive serial number */
        __u8  filler1;

#define IMSM_DEV_FILLERS 3
        __u32 filler[IMSM_DEV_FILLERS];
        struct imsm_vol vol;
};
ASSERT_SIZE(imsm_dev, 164)

struct imsm_super {
        __u8 sig[MAX_SIGNATURE_LENGTH]; /* 0x00 - 0x1F */
        __u32 check_sum;                /* 0x20 - 0x23 MPB Checksum */
        __u32 mpb_size;                 /* 0x24 - 0x27 Size of MPB */
        __u32 family_num;               /* 0x28 - 0x2B Checksum from first time this config was written */
        __u32 generation_num;           /* 0x2C - 0x2F Incremented each time this array's MPB is written */
        __u32 error_log_size;           /* 0x30 - 0x33 in bytes */
        __u32 attributes;               /* 0x34 - 0x37 */
        __u8 num_disks;                 /* 0x38 Number of configured disks */
        __u8 num_raid_devs;             /* 0x39 Number of configured volumes */
        __u8 error_log_pos;             /* 0x3A  */
        __u8 fill[1];                   /* 0x3B */
        __u32 cache_size;               /* 0x3c - 0x40 in mb */
        __u32 orig_family_num;          /* 0x40 - 0x43 original family num */
        __u32 pwr_cycle_count;          /* 0x44 - 0x47 simulated power cycle count for array */
        __u32 bbm_log_size;             /* 0x48 - 0x4B - size of bad Block Mgmt Log in bytes */
        __u16 num_raid_devs_created;    /* 0x4C - 0x4D Used for generating unique
                                         * volume IDs for raid_dev created in this array
                                         * (starts at 1)
                                         */
        __u16 filler1;                  /* 0x4E - 0x4F */
        __u64 creation_time;            /* 0x50 - 0x57 Array creation time */
#define IMSM_FILLERS 32
        __u32 filler[IMSM_FILLERS];     /* 0x58 - 0xD7 RAID_MPB_FILLERS */
        struct imsm_disk disk[1];       /* 0xD8 diskTbl[numDisks] */
        /* here comes imsm_dev[num_raid_devs] */
        /* here comes BBM logs */
};
ASSERT_SIZE(imsm_super, 264)

#define BBM_LOG_MAX_ENTRIES 254
#define BBM_LOG_MAX_LBA_ENTRY_VAL 256           /* Represents 256 LBAs */
#define BBM_LOG_SIGNATURE 0xabadb10c

struct bbm_log_block_addr {
        __u16 w1;
        __u32 dw1;
} __attribute__ ((__packed__));

struct bbm_log_entry {
        __u8 marked_count;              /* Number of blocks marked - 1 */
        __u8 disk_ordinal;              /* Disk entry within the imsm_super */
        struct bbm_log_block_addr defective_block_start;
} __attribute__ ((__packed__));

struct bbm_log {
        __u32 signature; /* 0xABADB10C */
        __u32 entry_count;
        struct bbm_log_entry marked_block_entries[BBM_LOG_MAX_ENTRIES];
};
ASSERT_SIZE(bbm_log, 2040)

static char *map_state_str[] = { "normal", "uninitialized", "degraded", "failed" };

#define BLOCKS_PER_KB   (1024/512)

#define RAID_DISK_RESERVED_BLOCKS_IMSM_HI 2209

#define GEN_MIGR_AREA_SIZE 2048 /* General Migration Copy Area size in blocks */

#define MIGR_REC_BUF_SECTORS 1 /* size of migr_record i/o buffer in sectors */
#define MIGR_REC_SECTOR_POSITION 1 /* migr_record position offset on disk,
                               * MIGR_REC_BUF_SECTORS <= MIGR_REC_SECTOR_POS
                               */

#define UNIT_SRC_NORMAL     0   /* Source data for curr_migr_unit must
                                 *  be recovered using srcMap */
#define UNIT_SRC_IN_CP_AREA 1   /* Source data for curr_migr_unit has
                                 *  already been migrated and must
                                 *  be recovered from checkpoint area */

#define PPL_ENTRY_SPACE (128 * 1024) /* Size of single PPL, without the header */

struct migr_record {
        __u32 rec_status;           /* Status used to determine how to restart
                                     * migration in case it aborts
                                     * in some fashion */
        __u32 curr_migr_unit_lo;    /* 0..numMigrUnits-1 */
        __u32 family_num;           /* Family number of MPB
                                     * containing the RaidDev
                                     * that is migrating */
        __u32 ascending_migr;       /* True if migrating in increasing
                                     * order of lbas */
        __u32 blocks_per_unit;      /* Num disk blocks per unit of operation */
        __u32 dest_depth_per_unit;  /* Num member blocks each destMap
                                     * member disk
                                     * advances per unit-of-operation */
        __u32 ckpt_area_pba_lo;     /* Pba of first block of ckpt copy area */
        __u32 dest_1st_member_lba_lo;   /* First member lba on first
                                         * stripe of destination */
        __u32 num_migr_units_lo;    /* Total num migration units-of-op */
        __u32 post_migr_vol_cap;    /* Size of volume after
                                     * migration completes */
        __u32 post_migr_vol_cap_hi; /* Expansion space for LBA64 */
        __u32 ckpt_read_disk_num;   /* Which member disk in destSubMap[0] the
                                     * migration ckpt record was read from
                                     * (for recovered migrations) */
        __u32 curr_migr_unit_hi;    /* 0..numMigrUnits-1 high order 32 bits */
        __u32 ckpt_area_pba_hi;     /* Pba of first block of ckpt copy area
                                     * high order 32 bits */
        __u32 dest_1st_member_lba_hi; /* First member lba on first stripe of
                                       * destination - high order 32 bits */
        __u32 num_migr_units_hi;      /* Total num migration units-of-op
                                       * high order 32 bits */
};
ASSERT_SIZE(migr_record, 64)

struct md_list {
        /* usage marker:
         *  1: load metadata
         *  2: metadata does not match
         *  4: already checked
         */
        int   used;
        char  *devname;
        int   found;
        int   container;
        dev_t st_rdev;
        struct md_list *next;
};

#define pr_vrb(fmt, arg...) (void) (verbose && pr_err(fmt, ##arg))

static __u8 migr_type(struct imsm_dev *dev)
{
        if (dev->vol.migr_type == MIGR_VERIFY &&
            dev->status & DEV_VERIFY_AND_FIX)
                return MIGR_REPAIR;
        else
                return dev->vol.migr_type;
}

static void set_migr_type(struct imsm_dev *dev, __u8 migr_type)
{
        /* for compatibility with older oroms convert MIGR_REPAIR, into
         * MIGR_VERIFY w/ DEV_VERIFY_AND_FIX status
         */
        if (migr_type == MIGR_REPAIR) {
                dev->vol.migr_type = MIGR_VERIFY;
                dev->status |= DEV_VERIFY_AND_FIX;
        } else {
                dev->vol.migr_type = migr_type;
                dev->status &= ~DEV_VERIFY_AND_FIX;
        }
}

static unsigned int sector_count(__u32 bytes, unsigned int sector_size)
{
        return ROUND_UP(bytes, sector_size) / sector_size;
}

static unsigned int mpb_sectors(struct imsm_super *mpb,
                                        unsigned int sector_size)
{
        return sector_count(__le32_to_cpu(mpb->mpb_size), sector_size);
}

struct intel_dev {
        struct imsm_dev *dev;
        struct intel_dev *next;
        unsigned index;
};

struct intel_hba {
        enum sys_dev_type type;
        char *path;
        char *pci_id;
        struct intel_hba *next;
};

enum action {
        DISK_REMOVE = 1,
        DISK_ADD
};
/* internal representation of IMSM metadata */
struct intel_super {
        union {
                void *buf; /* O_DIRECT buffer for reading/writing metadata */
                struct imsm_super *anchor; /* immovable parameters */
        };
        union {
                void *migr_rec_buf; /* buffer for I/O operations */
                struct migr_record *migr_rec; /* migration record */
        };
        int clean_migration_record_by_mdmon; /* when reshape is switched to next
                array, it indicates that mdmon is allowed to clean migration
                record */
        size_t len; /* size of the 'buf' allocation */
        size_t extra_space; /* extra space in 'buf' that is not used yet */
        void *next_buf; /* for realloc'ing buf from the manager */
        size_t next_len;
        int updates_pending; /* count of pending updates for mdmon */
        int current_vol; /* index of raid device undergoing creation */
        unsigned long long create_offset; /* common start for 'current_vol' */
        __u32 random; /* random data for seeding new family numbers */
        struct intel_dev *devlist;
        unsigned int sector_size; /* sector size of used member drives */
        struct dl {
                struct dl *next;
                int index;
                __u8 serial[MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN];
                int major, minor;
                char *devname;
                struct imsm_disk disk;
                int fd;
                int extent_cnt;
                struct extent *e; /* for determining freespace @ create */
                int raiddisk; /* slot to fill in autolayout */
                enum action action;
        } *disks, *current_disk;
        struct dl *disk_mgmt_list; /* list of disks to add/remove while mdmon
                                      active */
        struct dl *missing; /* disks removed while we weren't looking */
        struct bbm_log *bbm_log;
        struct intel_hba *hba; /* device path of the raid controller for this metadata */
        const struct imsm_orom *orom; /* platform firmware support */
        struct intel_super *next; /* (temp) list for disambiguating family_num */
        struct md_bb bb;        /* memory for get_bad_blocks call */
};

struct intel_disk {
        struct imsm_disk disk;
        #define IMSM_UNKNOWN_OWNER (-1)
        int owner;
        struct intel_disk *next;
};

struct extent {
        unsigned long long start, size;
};

/* definitions of reshape process types */
enum imsm_reshape_type {
        CH_TAKEOVER,
        CH_MIGRATION,
        CH_ARRAY_SIZE,
};

/* definition of messages passed to imsm_process_update */
enum imsm_update_type {
        update_activate_spare,
        update_create_array,
        update_kill_array,
        update_rename_array,
        update_add_remove_disk,
        update_reshape_container_disks,
        update_reshape_migration,
        update_takeover,
        update_general_migration_checkpoint,
        update_size_change,
        update_prealloc_badblocks_mem,
        update_rwh_policy,
};

struct imsm_update_activate_spare {
        enum imsm_update_type type;
        struct dl *dl;
        int slot;
        int array;
        struct imsm_update_activate_spare *next;
};

struct geo_params {
        char devnm[32];
        char *dev_name;
        unsigned long long size;
        int level;
        int layout;
        int chunksize;
        int raid_disks;
};

enum takeover_direction {
        R10_TO_R0,
        R0_TO_R10
};
struct imsm_update_takeover {
        enum imsm_update_type type;
        int subarray;
        enum takeover_direction direction;
};

struct imsm_update_reshape {
        enum imsm_update_type type;
        int old_raid_disks;
        int new_raid_disks;

        int new_disks[1]; /* new_raid_disks - old_raid_disks makedev number */
};

struct imsm_update_reshape_migration {
        enum imsm_update_type type;
        int old_raid_disks;
        int new_raid_disks;
        /* fields for array migration changes
         */
        int subdev;
        int new_level;
        int new_layout;
        int new_chunksize;

        int new_disks[1]; /* new_raid_disks - old_raid_disks makedev number */
};

struct imsm_update_size_change {
        enum imsm_update_type type;
        int subdev;
        long long new_size;
};

struct imsm_update_general_migration_checkpoint {
        enum imsm_update_type type;
        __u32 curr_migr_unit;
};

struct disk_info {
        __u8 serial[MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN];
};

struct imsm_update_create_array {
        enum imsm_update_type type;
        int dev_idx;
        struct imsm_dev dev;
};

struct imsm_update_kill_array {
        enum imsm_update_type type;
        int dev_idx;
};

struct imsm_update_rename_array {
        enum imsm_update_type type;
        __u8 name[MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN];
        int dev_idx;
};

struct imsm_update_add_remove_disk {
        enum imsm_update_type type;
};

struct imsm_update_prealloc_bb_mem {
        enum imsm_update_type type;
};

struct imsm_update_rwh_policy {
        enum imsm_update_type type;
        int new_policy;
        int dev_idx;
};

static const char *_sys_dev_type[] = {
        [SYS_DEV_UNKNOWN] = "Unknown",
        [SYS_DEV_SAS] = "SAS",
        [SYS_DEV_SATA] = "SATA",
        [SYS_DEV_NVME] = "NVMe",
        [SYS_DEV_VMD] = "VMD"
};

const char *get_sys_dev_type(enum sys_dev_type type)
{
        if (type >= SYS_DEV_MAX)
                type = SYS_DEV_UNKNOWN;

        return _sys_dev_type[type];
}

static struct intel_hba * alloc_intel_hba(struct sys_dev *device)
{
        struct intel_hba *result = xmalloc(sizeof(*result));

        result->type = device->type;
        result->path = xstrdup(device->path);
        result->next = NULL;
        if (result->path && (result->pci_id = strrchr(result->path, '/')) != NULL)
                result->pci_id++;

        return result;
}

static struct intel_hba * find_intel_hba(struct intel_hba *hba, struct sys_dev *device)
{
        struct intel_hba *result;

        for (result = hba; result; result = result->next) {
                if (result->type == device->type && strcmp(result->path, device->path) == 0)
                        break;
        }
        return result;
}

static int attach_hba_to_super(struct intel_super *super, struct sys_dev *device)
{
        struct intel_hba *hba;

        /* check if disk attached to Intel HBA */
        hba = find_intel_hba(super->hba, device);
        if (hba != NULL)
                return 1;
        /* Check if HBA is already attached to super */
        if (super->hba == NULL) {
                super->hba = alloc_intel_hba(device);
                return 1;
        }

        hba = super->hba;
        /* Intel metadata allows for all disks attached to the same type HBA.
         * Do not support HBA types mixing
         */
        if (device->type != hba->type)
                return 2;

        /* Multiple same type HBAs can be used if they share the same OROM */
        const struct imsm_orom *device_orom = get_orom_by_device_id(device->dev_id);

        if (device_orom != super->orom)
                return 2;

        while (hba->next)
                hba = hba->next;

        hba->next = alloc_intel_hba(device);
        return 1;
}

static struct sys_dev* find_disk_attached_hba(int fd, const char *devname)
{
        struct sys_dev *list, *elem;
        char *disk_path;

        if ((list = find_intel_devices()) == NULL)
                return 0;

        if (fd < 0)
                disk_path  = (char *) devname;
        else
                disk_path = diskfd_to_devpath(fd);

        if (!disk_path)
                return 0;

        for (elem = list; elem; elem = elem->next)
                if (path_attached_to_hba(disk_path, elem->path))
                        return elem;

        if (disk_path != devname)
                free(disk_path);

        return NULL;
}

static int find_intel_hba_capability(int fd, struct intel_super *super,
                                     char *devname);

static struct supertype *match_metadata_desc_imsm(char *arg)
{
        struct supertype *st;

        if (strcmp(arg, "imsm") != 0 &&
            strcmp(arg, "default") != 0
                )
                return NULL;

        st = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*st));
        st->ss = &super_imsm;
        st->max_devs = IMSM_MAX_DEVICES;
        st->minor_version = 0;
        st->sb = NULL;
        return st;
}

static __u8 *get_imsm_version(struct imsm_super *mpb)
{
        return &mpb->sig[MPB_SIG_LEN];
}

/* retrieve a disk directly from the anchor when the anchor is known to be
 * up-to-date, currently only at load time
 */
static struct imsm_disk *__get_imsm_disk(struct imsm_super *mpb, __u8 index)
{
        if (index >= mpb->num_disks)
                return NULL;
        return &mpb->disk[index];
}

/* retrieve the disk description based on a index of the disk
 * in the sub-array
 */
static struct dl *get_imsm_dl_disk(struct intel_super *super, __u8 index)
{
        struct dl *d;

        for (d = super->disks; d; d = d->next)
                if (d->index == index)
                        return d;

        return NULL;
}
/* retrieve a disk from the parsed metadata */
static struct imsm_disk *get_imsm_disk(struct intel_super *super, __u8 index)
{
        struct dl *dl;

        dl = get_imsm_dl_disk(super, index);
        if (dl)
                return &dl->disk;

        return NULL;
}

/* generate a checksum directly from the anchor when the anchor is known to be
 * up-to-date, currently only at load or write_super after coalescing
 */
static __u32 __gen_imsm_checksum(struct imsm_super *mpb)
{
        __u32 end = mpb->mpb_size / sizeof(end);
        __u32 *p = (__u32 *) mpb;
        __u32 sum = 0;

        while (end--) {
                sum += __le32_to_cpu(*p);
                p++;
        }

        return sum - __le32_to_cpu(mpb->check_sum);
}

static size_t sizeof_imsm_map(struct imsm_map *map)
{
        return sizeof(struct imsm_map) + sizeof(__u32) * (map->num_members - 1);
}

struct imsm_map *get_imsm_map(struct imsm_dev *dev, int second_map)
{
        /* A device can have 2 maps if it is in the middle of a migration.
         * If second_map is:
         *    MAP_0 - we return the first map
         *    MAP_1 - we return the second map if it exists, else NULL
         *    MAP_X - we return the second map if it exists, else the first
         */
        struct imsm_map *map = &dev->vol.map[0];
        struct imsm_map *map2 = NULL;

        if (dev->vol.migr_state)
                map2 = (void *)map + sizeof_imsm_map(map);

        switch (second_map) {
        case MAP_0:
                break;
        case MAP_1:
                map = map2;
                break;
        case MAP_X:
                if (map2)
                        map = map2;
                break;
        default:
                map = NULL;
        }
        return map;

}

/* return the size of the device.
 * migr_state increases the returned size if map[0] were to be duplicated
 */
static size_t sizeof_imsm_dev(struct imsm_dev *dev, int migr_state)
{
        size_t size = sizeof(*dev) - sizeof(struct imsm_map) +
                      sizeof_imsm_map(get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0));

        /* migrating means an additional map */
        if (dev->vol.migr_state)
                size += sizeof_imsm_map(get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1));
        else if (migr_state)
                size += sizeof_imsm_map(get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0));

        return size;
}

/* retrieve disk serial number list from a metadata update */
static struct disk_info *get_disk_info(struct imsm_update_create_array *update)
{
        void *u = update;
        struct disk_info *inf;

        inf = u + sizeof(*update) - sizeof(struct imsm_dev) +
              sizeof_imsm_dev(&update->dev, 0);

        return inf;
}

static struct imsm_dev *__get_imsm_dev(struct imsm_super *mpb, __u8 index)
{
        int offset;
        int i;
        void *_mpb = mpb;

        if (index >= mpb->num_raid_devs)
                return NULL;

        /* devices start after all disks */
        offset = ((void *) &mpb->disk[mpb->num_disks]) - _mpb;

        for (i = 0; i <= index; i++)
                if (i == index)
                        return _mpb + offset;
                else
                        offset += sizeof_imsm_dev(_mpb + offset, 0);

        return NULL;
}

static struct imsm_dev *get_imsm_dev(struct intel_super *super, __u8 index)
{
        struct intel_dev *dv;

        if (index >= super->anchor->num_raid_devs)
                return NULL;
        for (dv = super->devlist; dv; dv = dv->next)
                if (dv->index == index)
                        return dv->dev;
        return NULL;
}

static inline unsigned long long __le48_to_cpu(const struct bbm_log_block_addr
                                               *addr)
{
        return ((((__u64)__le32_to_cpu(addr->dw1)) << 16) |
                __le16_to_cpu(addr->w1));
}

static inline struct bbm_log_block_addr __cpu_to_le48(unsigned long long sec)
{
        struct bbm_log_block_addr addr;

        addr.w1 =  __cpu_to_le16((__u16)(sec & 0xffff));
        addr.dw1 = __cpu_to_le32((__u32)(sec >> 16) & 0xffffffff);
        return addr;
}

/* get size of the bbm log */
static __u32 get_imsm_bbm_log_size(struct bbm_log *log)
{
        if (!log || log->entry_count == 0)
                return 0;

        return sizeof(log->signature) +
                sizeof(log->entry_count) +
                log->entry_count * sizeof(struct bbm_log_entry);
}

/* check if bad block is not partially stored in bbm log */
static int is_stored_in_bbm(struct bbm_log *log, const __u8 idx, const unsigned
                            long long sector, const int length, __u32 *pos)
{
        __u32 i;

        for (i = *pos; i < log->entry_count; i++) {
                struct bbm_log_entry *entry = &log->marked_block_entries[i];
                unsigned long long bb_start;
                unsigned long long bb_end;

                bb_start = __le48_to_cpu(&entry->defective_block_start);
                bb_end = bb_start + (entry->marked_count + 1);

                if ((entry->disk_ordinal == idx) && (bb_start >= sector) &&
                    (bb_end <= sector + length)) {
                        *pos = i;
                        return 1;
                }
        }
        return 0;
}

/* record new bad block in bbm log */
static int record_new_badblock(struct bbm_log *log, const __u8 idx, unsigned
                               long long sector, int length)
{
        int new_bb = 0;
        __u32 pos = 0;
        struct bbm_log_entry *entry = NULL;

        while (is_stored_in_bbm(log, idx, sector, length, &pos)) {
                struct bbm_log_entry *e = &log->marked_block_entries[pos];

                if ((e->marked_count + 1 == BBM_LOG_MAX_LBA_ENTRY_VAL) &&
                    (__le48_to_cpu(&e->defective_block_start) == sector)) {
                        sector += BBM_LOG_MAX_LBA_ENTRY_VAL;
                        length -= BBM_LOG_MAX_LBA_ENTRY_VAL;
                        pos = pos + 1;
                        continue;
                }
                entry = e;
                break;
        }

        if (entry) {
                int cnt = (length <= BBM_LOG_MAX_LBA_ENTRY_VAL) ? length :
                        BBM_LOG_MAX_LBA_ENTRY_VAL;
                entry->defective_block_start = __cpu_to_le48(sector);
                entry->marked_count = cnt - 1;
                if (cnt == length)
                        return 1;
                sector += cnt;
                length -= cnt;
        }

        new_bb = ROUND_UP(length, BBM_LOG_MAX_LBA_ENTRY_VAL) /
                BBM_LOG_MAX_LBA_ENTRY_VAL;
        if (log->entry_count + new_bb > BBM_LOG_MAX_ENTRIES)
                return 0;

        while (length > 0) {
                int cnt = (length <= BBM_LOG_MAX_LBA_ENTRY_VAL) ? length :
                        BBM_LOG_MAX_LBA_ENTRY_VAL;
                struct bbm_log_entry *entry =
                        &log->marked_block_entries[log->entry_count];

                entry->defective_block_start = __cpu_to_le48(sector);
                entry->marked_count = cnt - 1;
                entry->disk_ordinal = idx;

                sector += cnt;
                length -= cnt;

                log->entry_count++;
        }

        return new_bb;
}

/* clear all bad blocks for given disk */
static void clear_disk_badblocks(struct bbm_log *log, const __u8 idx)
{
        __u32 i = 0;

        while (i < log->entry_count) {
                struct bbm_log_entry *entries = log->marked_block_entries;

                if (entries[i].disk_ordinal == idx) {
                        if (i < log->entry_count - 1)
                                entries[i] = entries[log->entry_count - 1];
                        log->entry_count--;
                } else {
                        i++;
                }
        }
}

/* clear given bad block */
static int clear_badblock(struct bbm_log *log, const __u8 idx, const unsigned
                          long long sector, const int length) {
        __u32 i = 0;

        while (i < log->entry_count) {
                struct bbm_log_entry *entries = log->marked_block_entries;

                if ((entries[i].disk_ordinal == idx) &&
                    (__le48_to_cpu(&entries[i].defective_block_start) ==
                     sector) && (entries[i].marked_count + 1 == length)) {
                        if (i < log->entry_count - 1)
                                entries[i] = entries[log->entry_count - 1];
                        log->entry_count--;
                        break;
                }
                i++;
        }

        return 1;
}

/* allocate and load BBM log from metadata */
static int load_bbm_log(struct intel_super *super)
{
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
        __u32 bbm_log_size =  __le32_to_cpu(mpb->bbm_log_size);

        super->bbm_log = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct bbm_log));
        if (!super->bbm_log)
                return 1;

        if (bbm_log_size) {
                struct bbm_log *log = (void *)mpb +
                        __le32_to_cpu(mpb->mpb_size) - bbm_log_size;

                __u32 entry_count;

                if (bbm_log_size < sizeof(log->signature) +
                    sizeof(log->entry_count))
                        return 2;

                entry_count = __le32_to_cpu(log->entry_count);
                if ((__le32_to_cpu(log->signature) != BBM_LOG_SIGNATURE) ||
                    (entry_count > BBM_LOG_MAX_ENTRIES))
                        return 3;

                if (bbm_log_size !=
                    sizeof(log->signature) + sizeof(log->entry_count) +
                    entry_count * sizeof(struct bbm_log_entry))
                        return 4;

                memcpy(super->bbm_log, log, bbm_log_size);
        } else {
                super->bbm_log->signature = __cpu_to_le32(BBM_LOG_SIGNATURE);
                super->bbm_log->entry_count = 0;
        }

        return 0;
}

/* checks if bad block is within volume boundaries */
static int is_bad_block_in_volume(const struct bbm_log_entry *entry,
                        const unsigned long long start_sector,
                        const unsigned long long size)
{
        unsigned long long bb_start;
        unsigned long long bb_end;

        bb_start = __le48_to_cpu(&entry->defective_block_start);
        bb_end = bb_start + (entry->marked_count + 1);

        if (((bb_start >= start_sector) && (bb_start < start_sector + size)) ||
            ((bb_end >= start_sector) && (bb_end <= start_sector + size)))
                return 1;

        return 0;
}

/* get list of bad blocks on a drive for a volume */
static void get_volume_badblocks(const struct bbm_log *log, const __u8 idx,
                        const unsigned long long start_sector,
                        const unsigned long long size,
                        struct md_bb *bbs)
{
        __u32 count = 0;
        __u32 i;

        for (i = 0; i < log->entry_count; i++) {
                const struct bbm_log_entry *ent =
                        &log->marked_block_entries[i];
                struct md_bb_entry *bb;

                if ((ent->disk_ordinal == idx) &&
                    is_bad_block_in_volume(ent, start_sector, size)) {

                        if (!bbs->entries) {
                                bbs->entries = xmalloc(BBM_LOG_MAX_ENTRIES *
                                                     sizeof(*bb));
                                if (!bbs->entries)
                                        break;
                        }

                        bb = &bbs->entries[count++];
                        bb->sector = __le48_to_cpu(&ent->defective_block_start);
                        bb->length = ent->marked_count + 1;
                }
        }
        bbs->count = count;
}

/*
 * for second_map:
 *  == MAP_0 get first map
 *  == MAP_1 get second map
 *  == MAP_X than get map according to the current migr_state
 */
static __u32 get_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(struct imsm_dev *dev,
                                  int slot,
                                  int second_map)
{
        struct imsm_map *map;

        map = get_imsm_map(dev, second_map);

        /* top byte identifies disk under rebuild */
        return __le32_to_cpu(map->disk_ord_tbl[slot]);
}

#define ord_to_idx(ord) (((ord) << 8) >> 8)
static __u32 get_imsm_disk_idx(struct imsm_dev *dev, int slot, int second_map)
{
        __u32 ord = get_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(dev, slot, second_map);

        return ord_to_idx(ord);
}

static void set_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(struct imsm_map *map, int slot, __u32 ord)
{
        map->disk_ord_tbl[slot] = __cpu_to_le32(ord);
}

static int get_imsm_disk_slot(struct imsm_map *map, unsigned idx)
{
        int slot;
        __u32 ord;

        for (slot = 0; slot < map->num_members; slot++) {
                ord = __le32_to_cpu(map->disk_ord_tbl[slot]);
                if (ord_to_idx(ord) == idx)
                        return slot;
        }

        return -1;
}

static int get_imsm_raid_level(struct imsm_map *map)
{
        if (map->raid_level == 1) {
                if (map->num_members == 2)
                        return 1;
                else
                        return 10;
        }

        return map->raid_level;
}

static int cmp_extent(const void *av, const void *bv)
{
        const struct extent *a = av;
        const struct extent *b = bv;
        if (a->start < b->start)
                return -1;
        if (a->start > b->start)
                return 1;
        return 0;
}

static int count_memberships(struct dl *dl, struct intel_super *super)
{
        int memberships = 0;
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < super->anchor->num_raid_devs; i++) {
                struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, i);
                struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);

                if (get_imsm_disk_slot(map, dl->index) >= 0)
                        memberships++;
        }

        return memberships;
}

static __u32 imsm_min_reserved_sectors(struct intel_super *super);

static int split_ull(unsigned long long n, void *lo, void *hi)
{
        if (lo == 0 || hi == 0)
                return 1;
        __put_unaligned32(__cpu_to_le32((__u32)n), lo);
        __put_unaligned32(__cpu_to_le32((n >> 32)), hi);
        return 0;
}

static unsigned long long join_u32(__u32 lo, __u32 hi)
{
        return (unsigned long long)__le32_to_cpu(lo) |
               (((unsigned long long)__le32_to_cpu(hi)) << 32);
}

static unsigned long long total_blocks(struct imsm_disk *disk)
{
        if (disk == NULL)
                return 0;
        return join_u32(disk->total_blocks_lo, disk->total_blocks_hi);
}

static unsigned long long pba_of_lba0(struct imsm_map *map)
{
        if (map == NULL)
                return 0;
        return join_u32(map->pba_of_lba0_lo, map->pba_of_lba0_hi);
}

static unsigned long long blocks_per_member(struct imsm_map *map)
{
        if (map == NULL)
                return 0;
        return join_u32(map->blocks_per_member_lo, map->blocks_per_member_hi);
}

static unsigned long long num_data_stripes(struct imsm_map *map)
{
        if (map == NULL)
                return 0;
        return join_u32(map->num_data_stripes_lo, map->num_data_stripes_hi);
}

static unsigned long long imsm_dev_size(struct imsm_dev *dev)
{
        if (dev == NULL)
                return 0;
        return join_u32(dev->size_low, dev->size_high);
}

static unsigned long long migr_chkp_area_pba(struct migr_record *migr_rec)
{
        if (migr_rec == NULL)
                return 0;
        return join_u32(migr_rec->ckpt_area_pba_lo,
                        migr_rec->ckpt_area_pba_hi);
}

static unsigned long long current_migr_unit(struct migr_record *migr_rec)
{
        if (migr_rec == NULL)
                return 0;
        return join_u32(migr_rec->curr_migr_unit_lo,
                        migr_rec->curr_migr_unit_hi);
}

static unsigned long long migr_dest_1st_member_lba(struct migr_record *migr_rec)
{
        if (migr_rec == NULL)
                return 0;
        return join_u32(migr_rec->dest_1st_member_lba_lo,
                        migr_rec->dest_1st_member_lba_hi);
}

static unsigned long long get_num_migr_units(struct migr_record *migr_rec)
{
        if (migr_rec == NULL)
                return 0;
        return join_u32(migr_rec->num_migr_units_lo,
                        migr_rec->num_migr_units_hi);
}

static void set_total_blocks(struct imsm_disk *disk, unsigned long long n)
{
        split_ull(n, &disk->total_blocks_lo, &disk->total_blocks_hi);
}

static void set_pba_of_lba0(struct imsm_map *map, unsigned long long n)
{
        split_ull(n, &map->pba_of_lba0_lo, &map->pba_of_lba0_hi);
}

static void set_blocks_per_member(struct imsm_map *map, unsigned long long n)
{
        split_ull(n, &map->blocks_per_member_lo, &map->blocks_per_member_hi);
}

static void set_num_data_stripes(struct imsm_map *map, unsigned long long n)
{
        split_ull(n, &map->num_data_stripes_lo, &map->num_data_stripes_hi);
}

static void set_imsm_dev_size(struct imsm_dev *dev, unsigned long long n)
{
        split_ull(n, &dev->size_low, &dev->size_high);
}

static void set_migr_chkp_area_pba(struct migr_record *migr_rec,
                                   unsigned long long n)
{
        split_ull(n, &migr_rec->ckpt_area_pba_lo, &migr_rec->ckpt_area_pba_hi);
}

static void set_current_migr_unit(struct migr_record *migr_rec,
                                  unsigned long long n)
{
        split_ull(n, &migr_rec->curr_migr_unit_lo,
                  &migr_rec->curr_migr_unit_hi);
}

static void set_migr_dest_1st_member_lba(struct migr_record *migr_rec,
                                         unsigned long long n)
{
        split_ull(n, &migr_rec->dest_1st_member_lba_lo,
                  &migr_rec->dest_1st_member_lba_hi);
}

static void set_num_migr_units(struct migr_record *migr_rec,
                               unsigned long long n)
{
        split_ull(n, &migr_rec->num_migr_units_lo,
                  &migr_rec->num_migr_units_hi);
}

static unsigned long long per_dev_array_size(struct imsm_map *map)
{
        unsigned long long array_size = 0;

        if (map == NULL)
                return array_size;

        array_size = num_data_stripes(map) * map->blocks_per_strip;
        if (get_imsm_raid_level(map) == 1 || get_imsm_raid_level(map) == 10)
                array_size *= 2;

        return array_size;
}

static struct extent *get_extents(struct intel_super *super, struct dl *dl,
                                  int get_minimal_reservation)
{
        /* find a list of used extents on the given physical device */
        struct extent *rv, *e;
        int i;
        int memberships = count_memberships(dl, super);
        __u32 reservation;

        /* trim the reserved area for spares, so they can join any array
         * regardless of whether the OROM has assigned sectors from the
         * IMSM_RESERVED_SECTORS region
         */
        if (dl->index == -1 || get_minimal_reservation)
                reservation = imsm_min_reserved_sectors(super);
        else
                reservation = MPB_SECTOR_CNT + IMSM_RESERVED_SECTORS;

        rv = xcalloc(sizeof(struct extent), (memberships + 1));
        e = rv;

        for (i = 0; i < super->anchor->num_raid_devs; i++) {
                struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, i);
                struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);

                if (get_imsm_disk_slot(map, dl->index) >= 0) {
                        e->start = pba_of_lba0(map);
                        e->size = per_dev_array_size(map);
                        e++;
                }
        }
        qsort(rv, memberships, sizeof(*rv), cmp_extent);

        /* determine the start of the metadata
         * when no raid devices are defined use the default
         * ...otherwise allow the metadata to truncate the value
         * as is the case with older versions of imsm
         */
        if (memberships) {
                struct extent *last = &rv[memberships - 1];
                unsigned long long remainder;

                remainder = total_blocks(&dl->disk) - (last->start + last->size);
                /* round down to 1k block to satisfy precision of the kernel
                 * 'size' interface
                 */
                remainder &= ~1UL;
                /* make sure remainder is still sane */
                if (remainder < (unsigned)ROUND_UP(super->len, 512) >> 9)
                        remainder = ROUND_UP(super->len, 512) >> 9;
                if (reservation > remainder)
                        reservation = remainder;
        }
        e->start = total_blocks(&dl->disk) - reservation;
        e->size = 0;
        return rv;
}

/* try to determine how much space is reserved for metadata from
 * the last get_extents() entry, otherwise fallback to the
 * default
 */
static __u32 imsm_reserved_sectors(struct intel_super *super, struct dl *dl)
{
        struct extent *e;
        int i;
        __u32 rv;

        /* for spares just return a minimal reservation which will grow
         * once the spare is picked up by an array
         */
        if (dl->index == -1)
                return MPB_SECTOR_CNT;

        e = get_extents(super, dl, 0);
        if (!e)
                return MPB_SECTOR_CNT + IMSM_RESERVED_SECTORS;

        /* scroll to last entry */
        for (i = 0; e[i].size; i++)
                continue;

        rv = total_blocks(&dl->disk) - e[i].start;

        free(e);

        return rv;
}

static int is_spare(struct imsm_disk *disk)
{
        return (disk->status & SPARE_DISK) == SPARE_DISK;
}

static int is_configured(struct imsm_disk *disk)
{
        return (disk->status & CONFIGURED_DISK) == CONFIGURED_DISK;
}

static int is_failed(struct imsm_disk *disk)
{
        return (disk->status & FAILED_DISK) == FAILED_DISK;
}

static int is_journal(struct imsm_disk *disk)
{
        return (disk->status & JOURNAL_DISK) == JOURNAL_DISK;
}

/* round array size down to closest MB and ensure it splits evenly
 * between members
 */
static unsigned long long round_size_to_mb(unsigned long long size, unsigned int
                                           disk_count)
{
        size /= disk_count;
        size = (size >> SECT_PER_MB_SHIFT) << SECT_PER_MB_SHIFT;
        size *= disk_count;

        return size;
}

static int able_to_resync(int raid_level, int missing_disks)
{
        int max_missing_disks = 0;

        switch (raid_level) {
        case 10:
                max_missing_disks = 1;
                break;
        default:
                max_missing_disks = 0;
        }
        return missing_disks <= max_missing_disks;
}

/* try to determine how much space is reserved for metadata from
 * the last get_extents() entry on the smallest active disk,
 * otherwise fallback to the default
 */
static __u32 imsm_min_reserved_sectors(struct intel_super *super)
{
        struct extent *e;
        int i;
        unsigned long long min_active;
        __u32 remainder;
        __u32 rv = MPB_SECTOR_CNT + IMSM_RESERVED_SECTORS;
        struct dl *dl, *dl_min = NULL;

        if (!super)
                return rv;

        min_active = 0;
        for (dl = super->disks; dl; dl = dl->next) {
                if (dl->index < 0)
                        continue;
                unsigned long long blocks = total_blocks(&dl->disk);
                if (blocks < min_active || min_active == 0) {
                        dl_min = dl;
                        min_active = blocks;
                }
        }
        if (!dl_min)
                return rv;

        /* find last lba used by subarrays on the smallest active disk */
        e = get_extents(super, dl_min, 0);
        if (!e)
                return rv;
        for (i = 0; e[i].size; i++)
                continue;

        remainder = min_active - e[i].start;
        free(e);

        /* to give priority to recovery we should not require full
           IMSM_RESERVED_SECTORS from the spare */
        rv = MPB_SECTOR_CNT + NUM_BLOCKS_DIRTY_STRIPE_REGION;

        /* if real reservation is smaller use that value */
        return  (remainder < rv) ? remainder : rv;
}

/*
 * Return minimum size of a spare and sector size
 * that can be used in this array
 */
int get_spare_criteria_imsm(struct supertype *st, struct spare_criteria *c)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct dl *dl;
        struct extent *e;
        int i;
        unsigned long long size = 0;

        c->min_size = 0;
        c->sector_size = 0;

        if (!super)
                return -EINVAL;
        /* find first active disk in array */
        dl = super->disks;
        while (dl && (is_failed(&dl->disk) || dl->index == -1))
                dl = dl->next;
        if (!dl)
                return -EINVAL;
        /* find last lba used by subarrays */
        e = get_extents(super, dl, 0);
        if (!e)
                return -EINVAL;
        for (i = 0; e[i].size; i++)
                continue;
        if (i > 0)
                size = e[i-1].start + e[i-1].size;
        free(e);

        /* add the amount of space needed for metadata */
        size += imsm_min_reserved_sectors(super);

        c->min_size = size * 512;
        c->sector_size = super->sector_size;

        return 0;
}

static int is_gen_migration(struct imsm_dev *dev);

#define IMSM_4K_DIV 8

static __u64 blocks_per_migr_unit(struct intel_super *super,
                                  struct imsm_dev *dev);

static void print_imsm_dev(struct intel_super *super,
                           struct imsm_dev *dev,
                           char *uuid,
                           int disk_idx)
{
        __u64 sz;
        int slot, i;
        struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
        struct imsm_map *map2 = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);
        __u32 ord;

        printf("\n");
        printf("[%.16s]:\n", dev->volume);
        printf("       Subarray : %d\n", super->current_vol);
        printf("           UUID : %s\n", uuid);
        printf("     RAID Level : %d", get_imsm_raid_level(map));
        if (map2)
                printf(" <-- %d", get_imsm_raid_level(map2));
        printf("\n");
        printf("        Members : %d", map->num_members);
        if (map2)
                printf(" <-- %d", map2->num_members);
        printf("\n");
        printf("          Slots : [");
        for (i = 0; i < map->num_members; i++) {
                ord = get_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(dev, i, MAP_0);
                printf("%s", ord & IMSM_ORD_REBUILD ? "_" : "U");
        }
        printf("]");
        if (map2) {
                printf(" <-- [");
                for (i = 0; i < map2->num_members; i++) {
                        ord = get_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(dev, i, MAP_1);
                        printf("%s", ord & IMSM_ORD_REBUILD ? "_" : "U");
                }
                printf("]");
        }
        printf("\n");
        printf("    Failed disk : ");
        if (map->failed_disk_num == 0xff)
                printf("none");
        else
                printf("%i", map->failed_disk_num);
        printf("\n");
        slot = get_imsm_disk_slot(map, disk_idx);
        if (slot >= 0) {
                ord = get_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(dev, slot, MAP_X);
                printf("      This Slot : %d%s\n", slot,
                       ord & IMSM_ORD_REBUILD ? " (out-of-sync)" : "");
        } else
                printf("      This Slot : ?\n");
        printf("    Sector Size : %u\n", super->sector_size);
        sz = imsm_dev_size(dev);
        printf("     Array Size : %llu%s\n",
                   (unsigned long long)sz * 512 / super->sector_size,
               human_size(sz * 512));
        sz = blocks_per_member(map);
        printf("   Per Dev Size : %llu%s\n",
                   (unsigned long long)sz * 512 / super->sector_size,
               human_size(sz * 512));
        printf("  Sector Offset : %llu\n",
                pba_of_lba0(map));
        printf("    Num Stripes : %llu\n",
                num_data_stripes(map));
        printf("     Chunk Size : %u KiB",
                __le16_to_cpu(map->blocks_per_strip) / 2);
        if (map2)
                printf(" <-- %u KiB",
                        __le16_to_cpu(map2->blocks_per_strip) / 2);
        printf("\n");
        printf("       Reserved : %d\n", __le32_to_cpu(dev->reserved_blocks));
        printf("  Migrate State : ");
        if (dev->vol.migr_state) {
                if (migr_type(dev) == MIGR_INIT)
                        printf("initialize\n");
                else if (migr_type(dev) == MIGR_REBUILD)
                        printf("rebuild\n");
                else if (migr_type(dev) == MIGR_VERIFY)
                        printf("check\n");
                else if (migr_type(dev) == MIGR_GEN_MIGR)
                        printf("general migration\n");
                else if (migr_type(dev) == MIGR_STATE_CHANGE)
                        printf("state change\n");
                else if (migr_type(dev) == MIGR_REPAIR)
                        printf("repair\n");
                else
                        printf("<unknown:%d>\n", migr_type(dev));
        } else
                printf("idle\n");
        printf("      Map State : %s", map_state_str[map->map_state]);
        if (dev->vol.migr_state) {
                struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);

                printf(" <-- %s", map_state_str[map->map_state]);
                printf("\n     Checkpoint : %u ",
                           __le32_to_cpu(dev->vol.curr_migr_unit));
                if (is_gen_migration(dev) && (slot > 1 || slot < 0))
                        printf("(N/A)");
                else
                        printf("(%llu)", (unsigned long long)
                                   blocks_per_migr_unit(super, dev));
        }
        printf("\n");
        printf("    Dirty State : %s\n", (dev->vol.dirty & RAIDVOL_DIRTY) ?
                                         "dirty" : "clean");
        printf("     RWH Policy : ");
        if (dev->rwh_policy == RWH_OFF || dev->rwh_policy == RWH_MULTIPLE_OFF)
                printf("off\n");
        else if (dev->rwh_policy == RWH_DISTRIBUTED)
                printf("PPL distributed\n");
        else if (dev->rwh_policy == RWH_JOURNALING_DRIVE)
                printf("PPL journaling drive\n");
        else if (dev->rwh_policy == RWH_MULTIPLE_DISTRIBUTED)
                printf("Multiple distributed PPLs\n");
        else if (dev->rwh_policy == RWH_MULTIPLE_PPLS_JOURNALING_DRIVE)
                printf("Multiple PPLs on journaling drive\n");
        else if (dev->rwh_policy == RWH_BITMAP)
                printf("Write-intent bitmap\n");
        else
                printf("<unknown:%d>\n", dev->rwh_policy);

        printf("      Volume ID : %u\n", dev->my_vol_raid_dev_num);
}

static void print_imsm_disk(struct imsm_disk *disk,
                            int index,
                            __u32 reserved,
                            unsigned int sector_size) {
        char str[MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN + 1];
        __u64 sz;

        if (index < -1 || !disk)
                return;

        printf("\n");
        snprintf(str, MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN + 1, "%s", disk->serial);
        if (index >= 0)
                printf("  Disk%02d Serial : %s\n", index, str);
        else
                printf("    Disk Serial : %s\n", str);
        printf("          State :%s%s%s%s\n", is_spare(disk) ? " spare" : "",
                                              is_configured(disk) ? " active" : "",
                                              is_failed(disk) ? " failed" : "",
                                              is_journal(disk) ? " journal" : "");
        printf("             Id : %08x\n", __le32_to_cpu(disk->scsi_id));
        sz = total_blocks(disk) - reserved;
        printf("    Usable Size : %llu%s\n",
               (unsigned long long)sz * 512 / sector_size,
               human_size(sz * 512));
}

void convert_to_4k_imsm_migr_rec(struct intel_super *super)
{
        struct migr_record *migr_rec = super->migr_rec;

        migr_rec->blocks_per_unit /= IMSM_4K_DIV;
        migr_rec->dest_depth_per_unit /= IMSM_4K_DIV;
        split_ull((join_u32(migr_rec->post_migr_vol_cap,
                 migr_rec->post_migr_vol_cap_hi) / IMSM_4K_DIV),
                 &migr_rec->post_migr_vol_cap, &migr_rec->post_migr_vol_cap_hi);
        set_migr_chkp_area_pba(migr_rec,
                 migr_chkp_area_pba(migr_rec) / IMSM_4K_DIV);
        set_migr_dest_1st_member_lba(migr_rec,
                 migr_dest_1st_member_lba(migr_rec) / IMSM_4K_DIV);
}

void convert_to_4k_imsm_disk(struct imsm_disk *disk)
{
        set_total_blocks(disk, (total_blocks(disk)/IMSM_4K_DIV));
}

void convert_to_4k(struct intel_super *super)
{
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
        struct imsm_disk *disk;
        int i;
        __u32 bbm_log_size = __le32_to_cpu(mpb->bbm_log_size);

        for (i = 0; i < mpb->num_disks ; i++) {
                disk = __get_imsm_disk(mpb, i);
                /* disk */
                convert_to_4k_imsm_disk(disk);
        }
        for (i = 0; i < mpb->num_raid_devs; i++) {
                struct imsm_dev *dev = __get_imsm_dev(mpb, i);
                struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
                /* dev */
                set_imsm_dev_size(dev, imsm_dev_size(dev)/IMSM_4K_DIV);
                dev->vol.curr_migr_unit /= IMSM_4K_DIV;

                /* map0 */
                set_blocks_per_member(map, blocks_per_member(map)/IMSM_4K_DIV);
                map->blocks_per_strip /= IMSM_4K_DIV;
                set_pba_of_lba0(map, pba_of_lba0(map)/IMSM_4K_DIV);

                if (dev->vol.migr_state) {
                        /* map1 */
                        map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);
                        set_blocks_per_member(map,
                            blocks_per_member(map)/IMSM_4K_DIV);
                        map->blocks_per_strip /= IMSM_4K_DIV;
                        set_pba_of_lba0(map, pba_of_lba0(map)/IMSM_4K_DIV);
                }
        }
        if (bbm_log_size) {
                struct bbm_log *log = (void *)mpb +
                        __le32_to_cpu(mpb->mpb_size) - bbm_log_size;
                __u32 i;

                for (i = 0; i < log->entry_count; i++) {
                        struct bbm_log_entry *entry =
                                &log->marked_block_entries[i];

                        __u8 count = entry->marked_count + 1;
                        unsigned long long sector =
                                __le48_to_cpu(&entry->defective_block_start);

                        entry->defective_block_start =
                                __cpu_to_le48(sector/IMSM_4K_DIV);
                        entry->marked_count = max(count/IMSM_4K_DIV, 1) - 1;
                }
        }

        mpb->check_sum = __gen_imsm_checksum(mpb);
}

void examine_migr_rec_imsm(struct intel_super *super)
{
        struct migr_record *migr_rec = super->migr_rec;
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < mpb->num_raid_devs; i++) {
                struct imsm_dev *dev = __get_imsm_dev(mpb, i);
                struct imsm_map *map;
                int slot = -1;

                if (is_gen_migration(dev) == 0)
                                continue;

                printf("\nMigration Record Information:");

                /* first map under migration */
                map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
                if (map)
                        slot = get_imsm_disk_slot(map, super->disks->index);
                if (map == NULL || slot > 1 || slot < 0) {
                        printf(" Empty\n                              ");
                        printf("Examine one of first two disks in array\n");
                        break;
                }
                printf("\n                     Status : ");
                if (__le32_to_cpu(migr_rec->rec_status) == UNIT_SRC_NORMAL)
                        printf("Normal\n");
                else
                        printf("Contains Data\n");
                printf("               Current Unit : %llu\n",
                       current_migr_unit(migr_rec));
                printf("                     Family : %u\n",
                       __le32_to_cpu(migr_rec->family_num));
                printf("                  Ascending : %u\n",
                       __le32_to_cpu(migr_rec->ascending_migr));
                printf("            Blocks Per Unit : %u\n",
                       __le32_to_cpu(migr_rec->blocks_per_unit));
                printf("       Dest. Depth Per Unit : %u\n",
                       __le32_to_cpu(migr_rec->dest_depth_per_unit));
                printf("        Checkpoint Area pba : %llu\n",
                       migr_chkp_area_pba(migr_rec));
                printf("           First member lba : %llu\n",
                       migr_dest_1st_member_lba(migr_rec));
                printf("      Total Number of Units : %llu\n",
                       get_num_migr_units(migr_rec));
                printf("             Size of volume : %llu\n",
                       join_u32(migr_rec->post_migr_vol_cap,
                                migr_rec->post_migr_vol_cap_hi));
                printf("       Record was read from : %u\n",
                       __le32_to_cpu(migr_rec->ckpt_read_disk_num));

                break;
        }
}

void convert_from_4k_imsm_migr_rec(struct intel_super *super)
{
        struct migr_record *migr_rec = super->migr_rec;

        migr_rec->blocks_per_unit *= IMSM_4K_DIV;
        migr_rec->dest_depth_per_unit *= IMSM_4K_DIV;
        split_ull((join_u32(migr_rec->post_migr_vol_cap,
                 migr_rec->post_migr_vol_cap_hi) * IMSM_4K_DIV),
                 &migr_rec->post_migr_vol_cap,
                 &migr_rec->post_migr_vol_cap_hi);
        set_migr_chkp_area_pba(migr_rec,
                 migr_chkp_area_pba(migr_rec) * IMSM_4K_DIV);
        set_migr_dest_1st_member_lba(migr_rec,
                 migr_dest_1st_member_lba(migr_rec) * IMSM_4K_DIV);
}

void convert_from_4k(struct intel_super *super)
{
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
        struct imsm_disk *disk;
        int i;
        __u32 bbm_log_size = __le32_to_cpu(mpb->bbm_log_size);

        for (i = 0; i < mpb->num_disks ; i++) {
                disk = __get_imsm_disk(mpb, i);
                /* disk */
                set_total_blocks(disk, (total_blocks(disk)*IMSM_4K_DIV));
        }

        for (i = 0; i < mpb->num_raid_devs; i++) {
                struct imsm_dev *dev = __get_imsm_dev(mpb, i);
                struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
                /* dev */
                set_imsm_dev_size(dev, imsm_dev_size(dev)*IMSM_4K_DIV);
                dev->vol.curr_migr_unit *= IMSM_4K_DIV;

                /* map0 */
                set_blocks_per_member(map, blocks_per_member(map)*IMSM_4K_DIV);
                map->blocks_per_strip *= IMSM_4K_DIV;
                set_pba_of_lba0(map, pba_of_lba0(map)*IMSM_4K_DIV);

                if (dev->vol.migr_state) {
                        /* map1 */
                        map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);
                        set_blocks_per_member(map,
                            blocks_per_member(map)*IMSM_4K_DIV);
                        map->blocks_per_strip *= IMSM_4K_DIV;
                        set_pba_of_lba0(map, pba_of_lba0(map)*IMSM_4K_DIV);
                }
        }
        if (bbm_log_size) {
                struct bbm_log *log = (void *)mpb +
                        __le32_to_cpu(mpb->mpb_size) - bbm_log_size;
                __u32 i;

                for (i = 0; i < log->entry_count; i++) {
                        struct bbm_log_entry *entry =
                                &log->marked_block_entries[i];

                        __u8 count = entry->marked_count + 1;
                        unsigned long long sector =
                                __le48_to_cpu(&entry->defective_block_start);

                        entry->defective_block_start =
                                __cpu_to_le48(sector*IMSM_4K_DIV);
                        entry->marked_count = count*IMSM_4K_DIV - 1;
                }
        }

        mpb->check_sum = __gen_imsm_checksum(mpb);
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * function: imsm_check_attributes
 * Description: Function checks if features represented by attributes flags
 *              are supported by mdadm.
 * Parameters:
 *              attributes - Attributes read from metadata
 * Returns:
 *              0 - passed attributes contains unsupported features flags
 *              1 - all features are supported
 ******************************************************************************/
static int imsm_check_attributes(__u32 attributes)
{
        int ret_val = 1;
        __u32 not_supported = MPB_ATTRIB_SUPPORTED^0xffffffff;

        not_supported &= ~MPB_ATTRIB_IGNORED;

        not_supported &= attributes;
        if (not_supported) {
                pr_err("(IMSM): Unsupported attributes : %x\n",
                        (unsigned)__le32_to_cpu(not_supported));
                if (not_supported & MPB_ATTRIB_CHECKSUM_VERIFY) {
                        dprintf("\t\tMPB_ATTRIB_CHECKSUM_VERIFY \n");
                        not_supported ^= MPB_ATTRIB_CHECKSUM_VERIFY;
                }
                if (not_supported & MPB_ATTRIB_2TB) {
                        dprintf("\t\tMPB_ATTRIB_2TB\n");
                        not_supported ^= MPB_ATTRIB_2TB;
                }
                if (not_supported & MPB_ATTRIB_RAID0) {
                        dprintf("\t\tMPB_ATTRIB_RAID0\n");
                        not_supported ^= MPB_ATTRIB_RAID0;
                }
                if (not_supported & MPB_ATTRIB_RAID1) {
                        dprintf("\t\tMPB_ATTRIB_RAID1\n");
                        not_supported ^= MPB_ATTRIB_RAID1;
                }
                if (not_supported & MPB_ATTRIB_RAID10) {
                        dprintf("\t\tMPB_ATTRIB_RAID10\n");
                        not_supported ^= MPB_ATTRIB_RAID10;
                }
                if (not_supported & MPB_ATTRIB_RAID1E) {
                        dprintf("\t\tMPB_ATTRIB_RAID1E\n");
                        not_supported ^= MPB_ATTRIB_RAID1E;
                }
                if (not_supported & MPB_ATTRIB_RAID5) {
                dprintf("\t\tMPB_ATTRIB_RAID5\n");
                        not_supported ^= MPB_ATTRIB_RAID5;
                }
                if (not_supported & MPB_ATTRIB_RAIDCNG) {
                        dprintf("\t\tMPB_ATTRIB_RAIDCNG\n");
                        not_supported ^= MPB_ATTRIB_RAIDCNG;
                }
                if (not_supported & MPB_ATTRIB_BBM) {
                        dprintf("\t\tMPB_ATTRIB_BBM\n");
                not_supported ^= MPB_ATTRIB_BBM;
                }
                if (not_supported & MPB_ATTRIB_CHECKSUM_VERIFY) {
                        dprintf("\t\tMPB_ATTRIB_CHECKSUM_VERIFY (== MPB_ATTRIB_LEGACY)\n");
                        not_supported ^= MPB_ATTRIB_CHECKSUM_VERIFY;
                }
                if (not_supported & MPB_ATTRIB_EXP_STRIPE_SIZE) {
                        dprintf("\t\tMPB_ATTRIB_EXP_STRIP_SIZE\n");
                        not_supported ^= MPB_ATTRIB_EXP_STRIPE_SIZE;
                }
                if (not_supported & MPB_ATTRIB_2TB_DISK) {
                        dprintf("\t\tMPB_ATTRIB_2TB_DISK\n");
                        not_supported ^= MPB_ATTRIB_2TB_DISK;
                }
                if (not_supported & MPB_ATTRIB_NEVER_USE2) {
                        dprintf("\t\tMPB_ATTRIB_NEVER_USE2\n");
                        not_supported ^= MPB_ATTRIB_NEVER_USE2;
                }
                if (not_supported & MPB_ATTRIB_NEVER_USE) {
                        dprintf("\t\tMPB_ATTRIB_NEVER_USE\n");
                        not_supported ^= MPB_ATTRIB_NEVER_USE;
                }

                if (not_supported)
                        dprintf("(IMSM): Unknown attributes : %x\n", not_supported);

                ret_val = 0;
        }

        return ret_val;
}

static void getinfo_super_imsm(struct supertype *st, struct mdinfo *info, char *map);

static void examine_super_imsm(struct supertype *st, char *homehost)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
        char str[MAX_SIGNATURE_LENGTH];
        int i;
        struct mdinfo info;
        char nbuf[64];
        __u32 sum;
        __u32 reserved = imsm_reserved_sectors(super, super->disks);
        struct dl *dl;
        time_t creation_time;

        strncpy(str, (char *)mpb->sig, MPB_SIG_LEN);
        str[MPB_SIG_LEN-1] = '\0';
        printf("          Magic : %s\n", str);
        printf("        Version : %s\n", get_imsm_version(mpb));
        printf("    Orig Family : %08x\n", __le32_to_cpu(mpb->orig_family_num));
        printf("         Family : %08x\n", __le32_to_cpu(mpb->family_num));
        printf("     Generation : %08x\n", __le32_to_cpu(mpb->generation_num));
        creation_time = __le64_to_cpu(mpb->creation_time);
        printf("  Creation Time : %.24s\n",
                creation_time ? ctime(&creation_time) : "Unknown");
        printf("     Attributes : ");
        if (imsm_check_attributes(mpb->attributes))
                printf("All supported\n");
        else
                printf("not supported\n");
        getinfo_super_imsm(st, &info, NULL);
        fname_from_uuid(st, &info, nbuf, ':');
        printf("           UUID : %s\n", nbuf + 5);
        sum = __le32_to_cpu(mpb->check_sum);
        printf("       Checksum : %08x %s\n", sum,
                __gen_imsm_checksum(mpb) == sum ? "correct" : "incorrect");
        printf("    MPB Sectors : %d\n", mpb_sectors(mpb, super->sector_size));
        printf("          Disks : %d\n", mpb->num_disks);
        printf("   RAID Devices : %d\n", mpb->num_raid_devs);
        print_imsm_disk(__get_imsm_disk(mpb, super->disks->index),
                        super->disks->index, reserved, super->sector_size);
        if (get_imsm_bbm_log_size(super->bbm_log)) {
                struct bbm_log *log = super->bbm_log;

                printf("\n");
                printf("Bad Block Management Log:\n");
                printf("       Log Size : %d\n", __le32_to_cpu(mpb->bbm_log_size));
                printf("      Signature : %x\n", __le32_to_cpu(log->signature));
                printf("    Entry Count : %d\n", __le32_to_cpu(log->entry_count));
        }
        for (i = 0; i < mpb->num_raid_devs; i++) {
                struct mdinfo info;
                struct imsm_dev *dev = __get_imsm_dev(mpb, i);

                super->current_vol = i;
                getinfo_super_imsm(st, &info, NULL);
                fname_from_uuid(st, &info, nbuf, ':');
                print_imsm_dev(super, dev, nbuf + 5, super->disks->index);
        }
        for (i = 0; i < mpb->num_disks; i++) {
                if (i == super->disks->index)
                        continue;
                print_imsm_disk(__get_imsm_disk(mpb, i), i, reserved,
                                super->sector_size);
        }

        for (dl = super->disks; dl; dl = dl->next)
                if (dl->index == -1)
                        print_imsm_disk(&dl->disk, -1, reserved,
                                        super->sector_size);

        examine_migr_rec_imsm(super);
}

static void brief_examine_super_imsm(struct supertype *st, int verbose)
{
        /* We just write a generic IMSM ARRAY entry */
        struct mdinfo info;
        char nbuf[64];
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;

        if (!super->anchor->num_raid_devs) {
                printf("ARRAY metadata=imsm\n");
                return;
        }

        getinfo_super_imsm(st, &info, NULL);
        fname_from_uuid(st, &info, nbuf, ':');
        printf("ARRAY metadata=imsm UUID=%s\n", nbuf + 5);
}

static void brief_examine_subarrays_imsm(struct supertype *st, int verbose)
{
        /* We just write a generic IMSM ARRAY entry */
        struct mdinfo info;
        char nbuf[64];
        char nbuf1[64];
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        int i;

        if (!super->anchor->num_raid_devs)
                return;

        getinfo_super_imsm(st, &info, NULL);
        fname_from_uuid(st, &info, nbuf, ':');
        for (i = 0; i < super->anchor->num_raid_devs; i++) {
                struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, i);

                super->current_vol = i;
                getinfo_super_imsm(st, &info, NULL);
                fname_from_uuid(st, &info, nbuf1, ':');
                printf("ARRAY /dev/md/%.16s container=%s member=%d UUID=%s\n",
                       dev->volume, nbuf + 5, i, nbuf1 + 5);
        }
}

static void export_examine_super_imsm(struct supertype *st)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
        struct mdinfo info;
        char nbuf[64];

        getinfo_super_imsm(st, &info, NULL);
        fname_from_uuid(st, &info, nbuf, ':');
        printf("MD_METADATA=imsm\n");
        printf("MD_LEVEL=container\n");
        printf("MD_UUID=%s\n", nbuf+5);
        printf("MD_DEVICES=%u\n", mpb->num_disks);
        printf("MD_CREATION_TIME=%llu\n", __le64_to_cpu(mpb->creation_time));
}

static void detail_super_imsm(struct supertype *st, char *homehost,
                              char *subarray)
{
        struct mdinfo info;
        char nbuf[64];
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        int temp_vol = super->current_vol;

        if (subarray)
                super->current_vol = strtoul(subarray, NULL, 10);

        getinfo_super_imsm(st, &info, NULL);
        fname_from_uuid(st, &info, nbuf, ':');
        printf("\n              UUID : %s\n", nbuf + 5);

        super->current_vol = temp_vol;
}

static void brief_detail_super_imsm(struct supertype *st, char *subarray)
{
        struct mdinfo info;
        char nbuf[64];
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        int temp_vol = super->current_vol;

        if (subarray)
                super->current_vol = strtoul(subarray, NULL, 10);

        getinfo_super_imsm(st, &info, NULL);
        fname_from_uuid(st, &info, nbuf, ':');
        printf(" UUID=%s", nbuf + 5);

        super->current_vol = temp_vol;
}

static int imsm_read_serial(int fd, char *devname, __u8 *serial,
                            size_t serial_buf_len);
static void fd2devname(int fd, char *name);

static int ahci_enumerate_ports(const char *hba_path, int port_count, int host_base, int verbose)
{
        /* dump an unsorted list of devices attached to AHCI Intel storage
         * controller, as well as non-connected ports
         */
        int hba_len = strlen(hba_path) + 1;
        struct dirent *ent;
        DIR *dir;
        char *path = NULL;
        int err = 0;
        unsigned long port_mask = (1 << port_count) - 1;

        if (port_count > (int)sizeof(port_mask) * 8) {
                if (verbose > 0)
                        pr_err("port_count %d out of range\n", port_count);
                return 2;
        }

        /* scroll through /sys/dev/block looking for devices attached to
         * this hba
         */
        dir = opendir("/sys/dev/block");
        if (!dir)
                return 1;

        for (ent = readdir(dir); ent; ent = readdir(dir)) {
                int fd;
                char model[64];
                char vendor[64];
                char buf[1024];
                int major, minor;
                char *device;
                char *c;
                int port;
                int type;

                if (sscanf(ent->d_name, "%d:%d", &major, &minor) != 2)
                        continue;
                path = devt_to_devpath(makedev(major, minor));
                if (!path)
                        continue;
                if (!path_attached_to_hba(path, hba_path)) {
                        free(path);
                        path = NULL;
                        continue;
                }

                /* retrieve the scsi device type */
                if (asprintf(&device, "/sys/dev/block/%d:%d/device/xxxxxxx", major, minor) < 0) {
                        if (verbose > 0)
                                pr_err("failed to allocate 'device'\n");
                        err = 2;
                        break;
                }
                sprintf(device, "/sys/dev/block/%d:%d/device/type", major, minor);
                if (load_sys(device, buf, sizeof(buf)) != 0) {
                        if (verbose > 0)
                                pr_err("failed to read device type for %s\n",
                                        path);
                        err = 2;
                        free(device);
                        break;
                }
                type = strtoul(buf, NULL, 10);

                /* if it's not a disk print the vendor and model */
                if (!(type == 0 || type == 7 || type == 14)) {
                        vendor[0] = '\0';
                        model[0] = '\0';
                        sprintf(device, "/sys/dev/block/%d:%d/device/vendor", major, minor);
                        if (load_sys(device, buf, sizeof(buf)) == 0) {
                                strncpy(vendor, buf, sizeof(vendor));
                                vendor[sizeof(vendor) - 1] = '\0';
                                c = (char *) &vendor[sizeof(vendor) - 1];
                                while (isspace(*c) || *c == '\0')
                                        *c-- = '\0';

                        }
                        sprintf(device, "/sys/dev/block/%d:%d/device/model", major, minor);
                        if (load_sys(device, buf, sizeof(buf)) == 0) {
                                strncpy(model, buf, sizeof(model));
                                model[sizeof(model) - 1] = '\0';
                                c = (char *) &model[sizeof(model) - 1];
                                while (isspace(*c) || *c == '\0')
                                        *c-- = '\0';
                        }

                        if (vendor[0] && model[0])
                                sprintf(buf, "%.64s %.64s", vendor, model);
                        else
                                switch (type) { /* numbers from hald/linux/device.c */
                                case 1: sprintf(buf, "tape"); break;
                                case 2: sprintf(buf, "printer"); break;
                                case 3: sprintf(buf, "processor"); break;
                                case 4:
                                case 5: sprintf(buf, "cdrom"); break;
                                case 6: sprintf(buf, "scanner"); break;
                                case 8: sprintf(buf, "media_changer"); break;
                                case 9: sprintf(buf, "comm"); break;
                                case 12: sprintf(buf, "raid"); break;
                                default: sprintf(buf, "unknown");
                                }
                } else
                        buf[0] = '\0';
                free(device);

                /* chop device path to 'host%d' and calculate the port number */
                c = strchr(&path[hba_len], '/');
                if (!c) {
                        if (verbose > 0)
                                pr_err("%s - invalid path name\n", path + hba_len);
                        err = 2;
                        break;
                }
                *c = '\0';
                if ((sscanf(&path[hba_len], "ata%d", &port) == 1) ||
                   ((sscanf(&path[hba_len], "host%d", &port) == 1)))
                        port -= host_base;
                else {
                        if (verbose > 0) {
                                *c = '/'; /* repair the full string */
                                pr_err("failed to determine port number for %s\n",
                                        path);
                        }
                        err = 2;
                        break;
                }

                /* mark this port as used */
                port_mask &= ~(1 << port);

                /* print out the device information */
                if (buf[0]) {
                        printf("          Port%d : - non-disk device (%s) -\n", port, buf);
                        continue;
                }

                fd = dev_open(ent->d_name, O_RDONLY);
                if (fd < 0)
                        printf("          Port%d : - disk info unavailable -\n", port);
                else {
                        fd2devname(fd, buf);
                        printf("          Port%d : %s", port, buf);
                        if (imsm_read_serial(fd, NULL, (__u8 *)buf,
                                             sizeof(buf)) == 0)
                                printf(" (%s)\n", buf);
                        else
                                printf(" ()\n");
                        close(fd);
                }
                free(path);
                path = NULL;
        }
        if (path)
                free(path);
        if (dir)
                closedir(dir);
        if (err == 0) {
                int i;

                for (i = 0; i < port_count; i++)
                        if (port_mask & (1 << i))
                                printf("          Port%d : - no device attached -\n", i);
        }

        return err;
}

static int print_nvme_info(struct sys_dev *hba)
{
        char buf[1024];
        struct dirent *ent;
        DIR *dir;
        char *rp;
        int fd;

        dir = opendir("/sys/block/");
        if (!dir)
                return 1;

        for (ent = readdir(dir); ent; ent = readdir(dir)) {
                if (strstr(ent->d_name, "nvme")) {
                        sprintf(buf, "/sys/block/%s", ent->d_name);
                        rp = realpath(buf, NULL);
                        if (!rp)
                                continue;
                        if (path_attached_to_hba(rp, hba->path)) {
                                fd = open_dev(ent->d_name);
                                if (!imsm_is_nvme_supported(fd, 0)) {
                                        if (fd >= 0)
                                                close(fd);
                                        free(rp);
                                        continue;
                                }

                                fd2devname(fd, buf);
                                if (hba->type == SYS_DEV_VMD)
                                        printf(" NVMe under VMD : %s", buf);
                                else if (hba->type == SYS_DEV_NVME)
                                        printf("    NVMe Device : %s", buf);
                                if (!imsm_read_serial(fd, NULL, (__u8 *)buf,
                                                      sizeof(buf)))
                                        printf(" (%s)\n", buf);
                                else
                                        printf("()\n");
                                close(fd);
                        }
                        free(rp);
                }
        }

        closedir(dir);
        return 0;
}

static void print_found_intel_controllers(struct sys_dev *elem)
{
        for (; elem; elem = elem->next) {
                pr_err("found Intel(R) ");
                if (elem->type == SYS_DEV_SATA)
                        fprintf(stderr, "SATA ");
                else if (elem->type == SYS_DEV_SAS)
                        fprintf(stderr, "SAS ");
                else if (elem->type == SYS_DEV_NVME)
                        fprintf(stderr, "NVMe ");

                if (elem->type == SYS_DEV_VMD)
                        fprintf(stderr, "VMD domain");
                else
                        fprintf(stderr, "RAID controller");

                if (elem->pci_id)
                        fprintf(stderr, " at %s", elem->pci_id);
                fprintf(stderr, ".\n");
        }
        fflush(stderr);
}

static int ahci_get_port_count(const char *hba_path, int *port_count)
{
        struct dirent *ent;
        DIR *dir;
        int host_base = -1;

        *port_count = 0;
        if ((dir = opendir(hba_path)) == NULL)
                return -1;

        for (ent = readdir(dir); ent; ent = readdir(dir)) {
                int host;

                if ((sscanf(ent->d_name, "ata%d", &host) != 1) &&
                   ((sscanf(ent->d_name, "host%d", &host) != 1)))
                        continue;
                if (*port_count == 0)
                        host_base = host;
                else if (host < host_base)
                        host_base = host;

                if (host + 1 > *port_count + host_base)
                        *port_count = host + 1 - host_base;
        }
        closedir(dir);
        return host_base;
}

static void print_imsm_capability(const struct imsm_orom *orom)
{
        printf("       Platform : Intel(R) ");
        if (orom->capabilities == 0 && orom->driver_features == 0)
                printf("Matrix Storage Manager\n");
        else if (imsm_orom_is_enterprise(orom) && orom->major_ver >= 6)
                printf("Virtual RAID on CPU\n");
        else
                printf("Rapid Storage Technology%s\n",
                        imsm_orom_is_enterprise(orom) ? " enterprise" : "");
        if (orom->major_ver || orom->minor_ver || orom->hotfix_ver || orom->build)
                printf("        Version : %d.%d.%d.%d\n", orom->major_ver,
                                orom->minor_ver, orom->hotfix_ver, orom->build);
        printf("    RAID Levels :%s%s%s%s%s\n",
               imsm_orom_has_raid0(orom) ? " raid0" : "",
               imsm_orom_has_raid1(orom) ? " raid1" : "",
               imsm_orom_has_raid1e(orom) ? " raid1e" : "",
               imsm_orom_has_raid10(orom) ? " raid10" : "",
               imsm_orom_has_raid5(orom) ? " raid5" : "");
        printf("    Chunk Sizes :%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s\n",
               imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 2) ? " 2k" : "",
               imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 4) ? " 4k" : "",
               imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 8) ? " 8k" : "",
               imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 16) ? " 16k" : "",
               imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 32) ? " 32k" : "",
               imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 64) ? " 64k" : "",
               imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 128) ? " 128k" : "",
               imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 256) ? " 256k" : "",
               imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 512) ? " 512k" : "",
               imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 1024*1) ? " 1M" : "",
               imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 1024*2) ? " 2M" : "",
               imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 1024*4) ? " 4M" : "",
               imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 1024*8) ? " 8M" : "",
               imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 1024*16) ? " 16M" : "",
               imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 1024*32) ? " 32M" : "",
               imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 1024*64) ? " 64M" : "");
        printf("    2TB volumes :%s supported\n",
               (orom->attr & IMSM_OROM_ATTR_2TB)?"":" not");
        printf("      2TB disks :%s supported\n",
               (orom->attr & IMSM_OROM_ATTR_2TB_DISK)?"":" not");
        printf("      Max Disks : %d\n", orom->tds);
        printf("    Max Volumes : %d per array, %d per %s\n",
               orom->vpa, orom->vphba,
               imsm_orom_is_nvme(orom) ? "platform" : "controller");
        return;
}

static void print_imsm_capability_export(const struct imsm_orom *orom)
{
        printf("MD_FIRMWARE_TYPE=imsm\n");
        if (orom->major_ver || orom->minor_ver || orom->hotfix_ver || orom->build)
                printf("IMSM_VERSION=%d.%d.%d.%d\n", orom->major_ver, orom->minor_ver,
                                orom->hotfix_ver, orom->build);
        printf("IMSM_SUPPORTED_RAID_LEVELS=%s%s%s%s%s\n",
                        imsm_orom_has_raid0(orom) ? "raid0 " : "",
                        imsm_orom_has_raid1(orom) ? "raid1 " : "",
                        imsm_orom_has_raid1e(orom) ? "raid1e " : "",
                        imsm_orom_has_raid5(orom) ? "raid10 " : "",
                        imsm_orom_has_raid10(orom) ? "raid5 " : "");
        printf("IMSM_SUPPORTED_CHUNK_SIZES=%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s\n",
                        imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 2) ? "2k " : "",
                        imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 4) ? "4k " : "",
                        imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 8) ? "8k " : "",
                        imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 16) ? "16k " : "",
                        imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 32) ? "32k " : "",
                        imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 64) ? "64k " : "",
                        imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 128) ? "128k " : "",
                        imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 256) ? "256k " : "",
                        imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 512) ? "512k " : "",
                        imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 1024*1) ? "1M " : "",
                        imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 1024*2) ? "2M " : "",
                        imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 1024*4) ? "4M " : "",
                        imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 1024*8) ? "8M " : "",
                        imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 1024*16) ? "16M " : "",
                        imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 1024*32) ? "32M " : "",
                        imsm_orom_has_chunk(orom, 1024*64) ? "64M " : "");
        printf("IMSM_2TB_VOLUMES=%s\n",(orom->attr & IMSM_OROM_ATTR_2TB) ? "yes" : "no");
        printf("IMSM_2TB_DISKS=%s\n",(orom->attr & IMSM_OROM_ATTR_2TB_DISK) ? "yes" : "no");
        printf("IMSM_MAX_DISKS=%d\n",orom->tds);
        printf("IMSM_MAX_VOLUMES_PER_ARRAY=%d\n",orom->vpa);
        printf("IMSM_MAX_VOLUMES_PER_CONTROLLER=%d\n",orom->vphba);
}

static int detail_platform_imsm(int verbose, int enumerate_only, char *controller_path)
{
        /* There are two components to imsm platform support, the ahci SATA
         * controller and the option-rom.  To find the SATA controller we
         * simply look in /sys/bus/pci/drivers/ahci to see if an ahci
         * controller with the Intel vendor id is present.  This approach
         * allows mdadm to leverage the kernel's ahci detection logic, with the
         * caveat that if ahci.ko is not loaded mdadm will not be able to
         * detect platform raid capabilities.  The option-rom resides in a
         * platform "Adapter ROM".  We scan for its signature to retrieve the
         * platform capabilities.  If raid support is disabled in the BIOS the
         * option-rom capability structure will not be available.
         */
        struct sys_dev *list, *hba;
        int host_base = 0;
        int port_count = 0;
        int result=1;

        if (enumerate_only) {
                if (check_env("IMSM_NO_PLATFORM"))
                        return 0;
                list = find_intel_devices();
                if (!list)
                        return 2;
                for (hba = list; hba; hba = hba->next) {
                        if (find_imsm_capability(hba)) {
                                result = 0;
                                break;
                        }
                        else
                                result = 2;
                }
                return result;
        }

        list = find_intel_devices();
        if (!list) {
                if (verbose > 0)
                        pr_err("no active Intel(R) RAID controller found.\n");
                return 2;
        } else if (verbose > 0)
                print_found_intel_controllers(list);

        for (hba = list; hba; hba = hba->next) {
                if (controller_path && (compare_paths(hba->path, controller_path) != 0))
                        continue;
                if (!find_imsm_capability(hba)) {
                        char buf[PATH_MAX];
                        pr_err("imsm capabilities not found for controller: %s (type %s)\n",
                                  hba->type == SYS_DEV_VMD ? vmd_domain_to_controller(hba, buf) : hba->path,
                                  get_sys_dev_type(hba->type));
                        continue;
                }
                result = 0;
        }

        if (controller_path && result == 1) {
                pr_err("no active Intel(R) RAID controller found under %s\n",
                                controller_path);
                return result;
        }

        const struct orom_entry *entry;

        for (entry = orom_entries; entry; entry = entry->next) {
                if (entry->type == SYS_DEV_VMD) {
                        print_imsm_capability(&entry->orom);
                        printf(" 3rd party NVMe :%s supported\n",
                            imsm_orom_has_tpv_support(&entry->orom)?"":" not");
                        for (hba = list; hba; hba = hba->next) {
                                if (hba->type == SYS_DEV_VMD) {
                                        char buf[PATH_MAX];
                                        printf(" I/O Controller : %s (%s)\n",
                                                vmd_domain_to_controller(hba, buf), get_sys_dev_type(hba->type));
                                        if (print_nvme_info(hba)) {
                                                if (verbose > 0)
                                                        pr_err("failed to get devices attached to VMD domain.\n");
                                                result |= 2;
                                        }
                                }
                        }
                        printf("\n");
                        continue;
                }

                print_imsm_capability(&entry->orom);
                if (entry->type == SYS_DEV_NVME) {
                        for (hba = list; hba; hba = hba->next) {
                                if (hba->type == SYS_DEV_NVME)
                                        print_nvme_info(hba);
                        }
                        printf("\n");
                        continue;
                }

                struct devid_list *devid;
                for (devid = entry->devid_list; devid; devid = devid->next) {
                        hba = device_by_id(devid->devid);
                        if (!hba)
                                continue;

                        printf(" I/O Controller : %s (%s)\n",
                                hba->path, get_sys_dev_type(hba->type));
                        if (hba->type == SYS_DEV_SATA) {
                                host_base = ahci_get_port_count(hba->path, &port_count);
                                if (ahci_enumerate_ports(hba->path, port_count, host_base, verbose)) {
                                        if (verbose > 0)
                                                pr_err("failed to enumerate ports on SATA controller at %s.\n", hba->pci_id);
                                        result |= 2;
                                }
                        }
                }
                printf("\n");
        }

        return result;
}

static int export_detail_platform_imsm(int verbose, char *controller_path)
{
        struct sys_dev *list, *hba;
        int result=1;

        list = find_intel_devices();
        if (!list) {
                if (verbose > 0)
                        pr_err("IMSM_DETAIL_PLATFORM_ERROR=NO_INTEL_DEVICES\n");
                result = 2;
                return result;
        }

        for (hba = list; hba; hba = hba->next) {
                if (controller_path && (compare_paths(hba->path,controller_path) != 0))
                        continue;
                if (!find_imsm_capability(hba) && verbose > 0) {
                        char buf[PATH_MAX];
                        pr_err("IMSM_DETAIL_PLATFORM_ERROR=NO_IMSM_CAPABLE_DEVICE_UNDER_%s\n",
                        hba->type == SYS_DEV_VMD ? vmd_domain_to_controller(hba, buf) : hba->path);
                }
                else
                        result = 0;
        }

        const struct orom_entry *entry;

        for (entry = orom_entries; entry; entry = entry->next) {
                if (entry->type == SYS_DEV_VMD) {
                        for (hba = list; hba; hba = hba->next)
                                print_imsm_capability_export(&entry->orom);
                        continue;
                }
                print_imsm_capability_export(&entry->orom);
        }

        return result;
}

static int match_home_imsm(struct supertype *st, char *homehost)
{
        /* the imsm metadata format does not specify any host
         * identification information.  We return -1 since we can never
         * confirm nor deny whether a given array is "meant" for this
         * host.  We rely on compare_super and the 'family_num' fields to
         * exclude member disks that do not belong, and we rely on
         * mdadm.conf to specify the arrays that should be assembled.
         * Auto-assembly may still pick up "foreign" arrays.
         */

        return -1;
}

static void uuid_from_super_imsm(struct supertype *st, int uuid[4])
{
        /* The uuid returned here is used for:
         *  uuid to put into bitmap file (Create, Grow)
         *  uuid for backup header when saving critical section (Grow)
         *  comparing uuids when re-adding a device into an array
         *    In these cases the uuid required is that of the data-array,
         *    not the device-set.
         *  uuid to recognise same set when adding a missing device back
         *    to an array.   This is a uuid for the device-set.
         *
         * For each of these we can make do with a truncated
         * or hashed uuid rather than the original, as long as
         * everyone agrees.
         * In each case the uuid required is that of the data-array,
         * not the device-set.
         */
        /* imsm does not track uuid's so we synthesis one using sha1 on
         * - The signature (Which is constant for all imsm array, but no matter)
         * - the orig_family_num of the container
         * - the index number of the volume
         * - the 'serial' number of the volume.
         * Hopefully these are all constant.
         */
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;

        char buf[20];
        struct sha1_ctx ctx;
        struct imsm_dev *dev = NULL;
        __u32 family_num;

        /* some mdadm versions failed to set ->orig_family_num, in which
         * case fall back to ->family_num.  orig_family_num will be
         * fixed up with the first metadata update.
         */
        family_num = super->anchor->orig_family_num;
        if (family_num == 0)
                family_num = super->anchor->family_num;
        sha1_init_ctx(&ctx);
        sha1_process_bytes(super->anchor->sig, MPB_SIG_LEN, &ctx);
        sha1_process_bytes(&family_num, sizeof(__u32), &ctx);
        if (super->current_vol >= 0)
                dev = get_imsm_dev(super, super->current_vol);
        if (dev) {
                __u32 vol = super->current_vol;
                sha1_process_bytes(&vol, sizeof(vol), &ctx);
                sha1_process_bytes(dev->volume, MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN, &ctx);
        }
        sha1_finish_ctx(&ctx, buf);
        memcpy(uuid, buf, 4*4);
}

#if 0
static void
get_imsm_numerical_version(struct imsm_super *mpb, int *m, int *p)
{
        __u8 *v = get_imsm_version(mpb);
        __u8 *end = mpb->sig + MAX_SIGNATURE_LENGTH;
        char major[] = { 0, 0, 0 };
        char minor[] = { 0 ,0, 0 };
        char patch[] = { 0, 0, 0 };
        char *ver_parse[] = { major, minor, patch };
        int i, j;

        i = j = 0;
        while (*v != '\0' && v < end) {
                if (*v != '.' && j < 2)
                        ver_parse[i][j++] = *v;
                else {
                        i++;
                        j = 0;
                }
                v++;
        }

        *m = strtol(minor, NULL, 0);
        *p = strtol(patch, NULL, 0);
}
#endif

static __u32 migr_strip_blocks_resync(struct imsm_dev *dev)
{
        /* migr_strip_size when repairing or initializing parity */
        struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
        __u32 chunk = __le32_to_cpu(map->blocks_per_strip);

        switch (get_imsm_raid_level(map)) {
        case 5:
        case 10:
                return chunk;
        default:
                return 128*1024 >> 9;
        }
}

static __u32 migr_strip_blocks_rebuild(struct imsm_dev *dev)
{
        /* migr_strip_size when rebuilding a degraded disk, no idea why
         * this is different than migr_strip_size_resync(), but it's good
         * to be compatible
         */
        struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);
        __u32 chunk = __le32_to_cpu(map->blocks_per_strip);

        switch (get_imsm_raid_level(map)) {
        case 1:
        case 10:
                if (map->num_members % map->num_domains == 0)
                        return 128*1024 >> 9;
                else
                        return chunk;
        case 5:
                return max((__u32) 64*1024 >> 9, chunk);
        default:
                return 128*1024 >> 9;
        }
}

static __u32 num_stripes_per_unit_resync(struct imsm_dev *dev)
{
        struct imsm_map *lo = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
        struct imsm_map *hi = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);
        __u32 lo_chunk = __le32_to_cpu(lo->blocks_per_strip);
        __u32 hi_chunk = __le32_to_cpu(hi->blocks_per_strip);

        return max((__u32) 1, hi_chunk / lo_chunk);
}

static __u32 num_stripes_per_unit_rebuild(struct imsm_dev *dev)
{
        struct imsm_map *lo = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
        int level = get_imsm_raid_level(lo);

        if (level == 1 || level == 10) {
                struct imsm_map *hi = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);

                return hi->num_domains;
        } else
                return num_stripes_per_unit_resync(dev);
}

static __u8 imsm_num_data_members(struct imsm_map *map)
{
        /* named 'imsm_' because raid0, raid1 and raid10
         * counter-intuitively have the same number of data disks
         */
        switch (get_imsm_raid_level(map)) {
        case 0:
                return map->num_members;
                break;
        case 1:
        case 10:
                return map->num_members/2;
        case 5:
                return map->num_members - 1;
        default:
                dprintf("unsupported raid level\n");
                return 0;
        }
}

static unsigned long long calc_component_size(struct imsm_map *map,
                                              struct imsm_dev *dev)
{
        unsigned long long component_size;
        unsigned long long dev_size = imsm_dev_size(dev);
        long long calc_dev_size = 0;
        unsigned int member_disks = imsm_num_data_members(map);

        if (member_disks == 0)
                return 0;

        component_size = per_dev_array_size(map);
        calc_dev_size = component_size * member_disks;

        /* Component size is rounded to 1MB so difference between size from
         * metadata and size calculated from num_data_stripes equals up to
         * 2048 blocks per each device. If the difference is higher it means
         * that array size was expanded and num_data_stripes was not updated.
         */
        if (llabs(calc_dev_size - (long long)dev_size) >
            (1 << SECT_PER_MB_SHIFT) * member_disks) {
                component_size = dev_size / member_disks;
                dprintf("Invalid num_data_stripes in metadata; expected=%llu, found=%llu\n",
                        component_size / map->blocks_per_strip,
                        num_data_stripes(map));
        }

        return component_size;
}

static __u32 parity_segment_depth(struct imsm_dev *dev)
{
        struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
        __u32 chunk =  __le32_to_cpu(map->blocks_per_strip);

        switch(get_imsm_raid_level(map)) {
        case 1:
        case 10:
                return chunk * map->num_domains;
        case 5:
                return chunk * map->num_members;
        default:
                return chunk;
        }
}

static __u32 map_migr_block(struct imsm_dev *dev, __u32 block)
{
        struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);
        __u32 chunk = __le32_to_cpu(map->blocks_per_strip);
        __u32 strip = block / chunk;

        switch (get_imsm_raid_level(map)) {
        case 1:
        case 10: {
                __u32 vol_strip = (strip * map->num_domains) + 1;
                __u32 vol_stripe = vol_strip / map->num_members;

                return vol_stripe * chunk + block % chunk;
        } case 5: {
                __u32 stripe = strip / (map->num_members - 1);

                return stripe * chunk + block % chunk;
        }
        default:
                return 0;
        }
}

static __u64 blocks_per_migr_unit(struct intel_super *super,
                                  struct imsm_dev *dev)
{
        /* calculate the conversion factor between per member 'blocks'
         * (md/{resync,rebuild}_start) and imsm migration units, return
         * 0 for the 'not migrating' and 'unsupported migration' cases
         */
        if (!dev->vol.migr_state)
                return 0;

        switch (migr_type(dev)) {
        case MIGR_GEN_MIGR: {
                struct migr_record *migr_rec = super->migr_rec;
                return __le32_to_cpu(migr_rec->blocks_per_unit);
        }
        case MIGR_VERIFY:
        case MIGR_REPAIR:
        case MIGR_INIT: {
                struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
                __u32 stripes_per_unit;
                __u32 blocks_per_unit;
                __u32 parity_depth;
                __u32 migr_chunk;
                __u32 block_map;
                __u32 block_rel;
                __u32 segment;
                __u32 stripe;
                __u8  disks;

                /* yes, this is really the translation of migr_units to
                 * per-member blocks in the 'resync' case
                 */
                stripes_per_unit = num_stripes_per_unit_resync(dev);
                migr_chunk = migr_strip_blocks_resync(dev);
                disks = imsm_num_data_members(map);
                blocks_per_unit = stripes_per_unit * migr_chunk * disks;
                stripe = __le16_to_cpu(map->blocks_per_strip) * disks;
                segment = blocks_per_unit / stripe;
                block_rel = blocks_per_unit - segment * stripe;
                parity_depth = parity_segment_depth(dev);
                block_map = map_migr_block(dev, block_rel);
                return block_map + parity_depth * segment;
        }
        case MIGR_REBUILD: {
                __u32 stripes_per_unit;
                __u32 migr_chunk;

                stripes_per_unit = num_stripes_per_unit_rebuild(dev);
                migr_chunk = migr_strip_blocks_rebuild(dev);
                return migr_chunk * stripes_per_unit;
        }
        case MIGR_STATE_CHANGE:
        default:
                return 0;
        }
}

static int imsm_level_to_layout(int level)
{
        switch (level) {
        case 0:
        case 1:
                return 0;
        case 5:
        case 6:
                return ALGORITHM_LEFT_ASYMMETRIC;
        case 10:
                return 0x102;
        }
        return UnSet;
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    read_imsm_migr_rec
 * Description: Function reads imsm migration record from last sector of disk
 * Parameters:
 *      fd      : disk descriptor
 *      super   : metadata info
 * Returns:
 *       0 : success,
 *      -1 : fail
 ******************************************************************************/
static int read_imsm_migr_rec(int fd, struct intel_super *super)
{
        int ret_val = -1;
        unsigned int sector_size = super->sector_size;
        unsigned long long dsize;

        get_dev_size(fd, NULL, &dsize);
        if (lseek64(fd, dsize - (sector_size*MIGR_REC_SECTOR_POSITION),
                   SEEK_SET) < 0) {
                pr_err("Cannot seek to anchor block: %s\n",
                       strerror(errno));
                goto out;
        }
        if ((unsigned int)read(fd, super->migr_rec_buf,
            MIGR_REC_BUF_SECTORS*sector_size) !=
            MIGR_REC_BUF_SECTORS*sector_size) {
                pr_err("Cannot read migr record block: %s\n",
                       strerror(errno));
                goto out;
        }
        ret_val = 0;
        if (sector_size == 4096)
                convert_from_4k_imsm_migr_rec(super);

out:
        return ret_val;
}

static struct imsm_dev *imsm_get_device_during_migration(
        struct intel_super *super)
{

        struct intel_dev *dv;

        for (dv = super->devlist; dv; dv = dv->next) {
                if (is_gen_migration(dv->dev))
                        return dv->dev;
        }
        return NULL;
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    load_imsm_migr_rec
 * Description: Function reads imsm migration record (it is stored at the last
 *              sector of disk)
 * Parameters:
 *      super   : imsm internal array info
 * Returns:
 *       0 : success
 *      -1 : fail
 *      -2 : no migration in progress
 ******************************************************************************/
static int load_imsm_migr_rec(struct intel_super *super)
{
        struct dl *dl;
        char nm[30];
        int retval = -1;
        int fd = -1;
        struct imsm_dev *dev;
        struct imsm_map *map;
        int slot = -1;
        int keep_fd = 1;

        /* find map under migration */
        dev = imsm_get_device_during_migration(super);
        /* nothing to load,no migration in progress?
        */
        if (dev == NULL)
                return -2;

        map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
        if (!map)
                return -1;

        for (dl = super->disks; dl; dl = dl->next) {
                /* skip spare and failed disks
                 */
                if (dl->index < 0)
                        continue;
                /* read only from one of the first two slots
                 */
                slot = get_imsm_disk_slot(map, dl->index);
                if (slot > 1 || slot < 0)
                        continue;

                if (dl->fd < 0) {
                        sprintf(nm, "%d:%d", dl->major, dl->minor);
                        fd = dev_open(nm, O_RDONLY);
                        if (fd >= 0) {
                                keep_fd = 0;
                                break;
                        }
                } else {
                        fd = dl->fd;
                        break;
                }
        }

        if (fd < 0)
                return retval;
        retval = read_imsm_migr_rec(fd, super);
        if (!keep_fd)
                close(fd);

        return retval;
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * function: imsm_create_metadata_checkpoint_update
 * Description: It creates update for checkpoint change.
 * Parameters:
 *      super   : imsm internal array info
 *      u       : pointer to prepared update
 * Returns:
 *      Uptate length.
 *      If length is equal to 0, input pointer u contains no update
 ******************************************************************************/
static int imsm_create_metadata_checkpoint_update(
        struct intel_super *super,
        struct imsm_update_general_migration_checkpoint **u)
{

        int update_memory_size = 0;

        dprintf("(enter)\n");

        if (u == NULL)
                return 0;
        *u = NULL;

        /* size of all update data without anchor */
        update_memory_size =
                sizeof(struct imsm_update_general_migration_checkpoint);

        *u = xcalloc(1, update_memory_size);
        if (*u == NULL) {
                dprintf("error: cannot get memory\n");
                return 0;
        }
        (*u)->type = update_general_migration_checkpoint;
        (*u)->curr_migr_unit = current_migr_unit(super->migr_rec);
        dprintf("prepared for %u\n", (*u)->curr_migr_unit);

        return update_memory_size;
}

static void imsm_update_metadata_locally(struct supertype *st,
                                         void *buf, int len);

/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    write_imsm_migr_rec
 * Description: Function writes imsm migration record
 *              (at the last sector of disk)
 * Parameters:
 *      super   : imsm internal array info
 * Returns:
 *       0 : success
 *      -1 : if fail
 ******************************************************************************/
static int write_imsm_migr_rec(struct supertype *st)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        unsigned int sector_size = super->sector_size;
        unsigned long long dsize;
        int retval = -1;
        struct dl *sd;
        int len;
        struct imsm_update_general_migration_checkpoint *u;
        struct imsm_dev *dev;
        struct imsm_map *map;

        /* find map under migration */
        dev = imsm_get_device_during_migration(super);
        /* if no migration, write buffer anyway to clear migr_record
         * on disk based on first available device
        */
        if (dev == NULL)
                dev = get_imsm_dev(super, super->current_vol < 0 ? 0 :
                                          super->current_vol);

        map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);

        if (sector_size == 4096)
                convert_to_4k_imsm_migr_rec(super);
        for (sd = super->disks ; sd ; sd = sd->next) {
                int slot = -1;

                /* skip failed and spare devices */
                if (sd->index < 0)
                        continue;
                /* write to 2 first slots only */
                if (map)
                        slot = get_imsm_disk_slot(map, sd->index);
                if (map == NULL || slot > 1 || slot < 0)
                        continue;

                get_dev_size(sd->fd, NULL, &dsize);
                if (lseek64(sd->fd, dsize - (MIGR_REC_SECTOR_POSITION *
                    sector_size),
                    SEEK_SET) < 0) {
                        pr_err("Cannot seek to anchor block: %s\n",
                               strerror(errno));
                        goto out;
                }
                if ((unsigned int)write(sd->fd, super->migr_rec_buf,
                    MIGR_REC_BUF_SECTORS*sector_size) !=
                    MIGR_REC_BUF_SECTORS*sector_size) {
                        pr_err("Cannot write migr record block: %s\n",
                               strerror(errno));
                        goto out;
                }
        }
        if (sector_size == 4096)
                convert_from_4k_imsm_migr_rec(super);
        /* update checkpoint information in metadata */
        len = imsm_create_metadata_checkpoint_update(super, &u);
        if (len <= 0) {
                dprintf("imsm: Cannot prepare update\n");
                goto out;
        }
        /* update metadata locally */
        imsm_update_metadata_locally(st, u, len);
        /* and possibly remotely */
        if (st->update_tail) {
                append_metadata_update(st, u, len);
                /* during reshape we do all work inside metadata handler
                 * manage_reshape(), so metadata update has to be triggered
                 * insida it
                 */
                flush_metadata_updates(st);
                st->update_tail = &st->updates;
        } else
                free(u);

        retval = 0;
 out:
        return retval;
}

/* spare/missing disks activations are not allowe when
 * array/container performs reshape operation, because
 * all arrays in container works on the same disks set
 */
int imsm_reshape_blocks_arrays_changes(struct intel_super *super)
{
        int rv = 0;
        struct intel_dev *i_dev;
        struct imsm_dev *dev;

        /* check whole container
         */
        for (i_dev = super->devlist; i_dev; i_dev = i_dev->next) {
                dev = i_dev->dev;
                if (is_gen_migration(dev)) {
                        /* No repair during any migration in container
                         */
                        rv = 1;
                        break;
                }
        }
        return rv;
}
static unsigned long long imsm_component_size_alignment_check(int level,
                                              int chunk_size,
                                              unsigned int sector_size,
                                              unsigned long long component_size)
{
        unsigned int component_size_alignment;

        /* check component size alignment
        */
        component_size_alignment = component_size % (chunk_size/sector_size);

        dprintf("(Level: %i, chunk_size = %i, component_size = %llu), component_size_alignment = %u\n",
                level, chunk_size, component_size,
                component_size_alignment);

        if (component_size_alignment && (level != 1) && (level != UnSet)) {
                dprintf("imsm: reported component size aligned from %llu ",
                        component_size);
                component_size -= component_size_alignment;
                dprintf_cont("to %llu (%i).\n",
                        component_size, component_size_alignment);
        }

        return component_size;
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    get_bitmap_header_sector
 * Description: Returns the sector where the bitmap header is placed.
 * Parameters:
 *      st              : supertype information
 *      dev_idx         : index of the device with bitmap
 *
 * Returns:
 *       The sector where the bitmap header is placed
 ******************************************************************************/
static unsigned long long get_bitmap_header_sector(struct intel_super *super,
                                                   int dev_idx)
{
        struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, dev_idx);
        struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);

        if (!super->sector_size) {
                dprintf("sector size is not set\n");
                return 0;
        }

        return pba_of_lba0(map) + calc_component_size(map, dev) +
               (IMSM_BITMAP_HEADER_OFFSET / super->sector_size);
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    get_bitmap_sector
 * Description: Returns the sector where the bitmap is placed.
 * Parameters:
 *      st              : supertype information
 *      dev_idx         : index of the device with bitmap
 *
 * Returns:
 *       The sector where the bitmap is placed
 ******************************************************************************/
static unsigned long long get_bitmap_sector(struct intel_super *super,
                                            int dev_idx)
{
        if (!super->sector_size) {
                dprintf("sector size is not set\n");
                return 0;
        }

        return get_bitmap_header_sector(super, dev_idx) +
               (IMSM_BITMAP_HEADER_SIZE / super->sector_size);
}

static unsigned long long get_ppl_sector(struct intel_super *super, int dev_idx)
{
        struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, dev_idx);
        struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);

        return pba_of_lba0(map) +
               (num_data_stripes(map) * map->blocks_per_strip);
}

static void getinfo_super_imsm_volume(struct supertype *st, struct mdinfo *info, char *dmap)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct migr_record *migr_rec = super->migr_rec;
        struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, super->current_vol);
        struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
        struct imsm_map *prev_map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);
        struct imsm_map *map_to_analyse = map;
        struct dl *dl;
        int map_disks = info->array.raid_disks;

        memset(info, 0, sizeof(*info));
        if (prev_map)
                map_to_analyse = prev_map;

        dl = super->current_disk;

        info->container_member    = super->current_vol;
        info->array.raid_disks    = map->num_members;
        info->array.level         = get_imsm_raid_level(map_to_analyse);
        info->array.layout        = imsm_level_to_layout(info->array.level);
        info->array.md_minor      = -1;
        info->array.ctime         = 0;
        info->array.utime         = 0;
        info->array.chunk_size    =
                __le16_to_cpu(map_to_analyse->blocks_per_strip) << 9;
        info->array.state         = !(dev->vol.dirty & RAIDVOL_DIRTY);
        info->custom_array_size   = imsm_dev_size(dev);
        info->recovery_blocked = imsm_reshape_blocks_arrays_changes(st->sb);

        if (is_gen_migration(dev)) {
                info->reshape_active = 1;
                info->new_level = get_imsm_raid_level(map);
                info->new_layout = imsm_level_to_layout(info->new_level);
                info->new_chunk = __le16_to_cpu(map->blocks_per_strip) << 9;
                info->delta_disks = map->num_members - prev_map->num_members;
                if (info->delta_disks) {
                        /* this needs to be applied to every array
                         * in the container.
                         */
                        info->reshape_active = CONTAINER_RESHAPE;
                }
                /* We shape information that we give to md might have to be
                 * modify to cope with md's requirement for reshaping arrays.
                 * For example, when reshaping a RAID0, md requires it to be
                 * presented as a degraded RAID4.
                 * Also if a RAID0 is migrating to a RAID5 we need to specify
                 * the array as already being RAID5, but the 'before' layout
                 * is a RAID4-like layout.
                 */
                switch (info->array.level) {
                case 0:
                        switch(info->new_level) {
                        case 0:
                                /* conversion is happening as RAID4 */
                                info->array.level = 4;
                                info->array.raid_disks += 1;
                                break;
                        case 5:
                                /* conversion is happening as RAID5 */
                                info->array.level = 5;
                                info->array.layout = ALGORITHM_PARITY_N;
                                info->delta_disks -= 1;
                                break;
                        default:
                                /* FIXME error message */
                                info->array.level = UnSet;
                                break;
                        }
                        break;
                }
        } else {
                info->new_level = UnSet;
                info->new_layout = UnSet;
                info->new_chunk = info->array.chunk_size;
                info->delta_disks = 0;
        }

        if (dl) {
                info->disk.major = dl->major;
                info->disk.minor = dl->minor;
                info->disk.number = dl->index;
                info->disk.raid_disk = get_imsm_disk_slot(map_to_analyse,
                                                          dl->index);
        }

        info->data_offset         = pba_of_lba0(map_to_analyse);
        info->component_size = calc_component_size(map, dev);
        info->component_size = imsm_component_size_alignment_check(
                                                        info->array.level,
                                                        info->array.chunk_size,
                                                        super->sector_size,
                                                        info->component_size);
        info->bb.supported = 1;

        memset(info->uuid, 0, sizeof(info->uuid));
        info->recovery_start = MaxSector;

        if (info->array.level == 5 &&
            (dev->rwh_policy == RWH_DISTRIBUTED ||
             dev->rwh_policy == RWH_MULTIPLE_DISTRIBUTED)) {
                info->consistency_policy = CONSISTENCY_POLICY_PPL;
                info->ppl_sector = get_ppl_sector(super, super->current_vol);
                if (dev->rwh_policy == RWH_MULTIPLE_DISTRIBUTED)
                        info->ppl_size = MULTIPLE_PPL_AREA_SIZE_IMSM >> 9;
                else
                        info->ppl_size = (PPL_HEADER_SIZE + PPL_ENTRY_SPACE)
                                          >> 9;
        } else if (info->array.level <= 0) {
                info->consistency_policy = CONSISTENCY_POLICY_NONE;
        } else {
                if (dev->rwh_policy == RWH_BITMAP) {
                        info->bitmap_offset = get_bitmap_sector(super, super->current_vol);
                        info->consistency_policy = CONSISTENCY_POLICY_BITMAP;
                } else {
                        info->consistency_policy = CONSISTENCY_POLICY_RESYNC;
                }
        }

        info->reshape_progress = 0;
        info->resync_start = MaxSector;
        if ((map_to_analyse->map_state == IMSM_T_STATE_UNINITIALIZED ||
            !(info->array.state & 1)) &&
            imsm_reshape_blocks_arrays_changes(super) == 0) {
                info->resync_start = 0;
        }
        if (dev->vol.migr_state) {
                switch (migr_type(dev)) {
                case MIGR_REPAIR:
                case MIGR_INIT: {
                        __u64 blocks_per_unit = blocks_per_migr_unit(super,
                                                                     dev);
                        __u64 units = __le32_to_cpu(dev->vol.curr_migr_unit);

                        info->resync_start = blocks_per_unit * units;
                        break;
                }
                case MIGR_GEN_MIGR: {
                        __u64 blocks_per_unit = blocks_per_migr_unit(super,
                                                                     dev);
                        __u64 units = current_migr_unit(migr_rec);
                        int used_disks;

                        if (__le32_to_cpu(migr_rec->ascending_migr) &&
                            (units <
                                (get_num_migr_units(migr_rec)-1)) &&
                            (super->migr_rec->rec_status ==
                                        __cpu_to_le32(UNIT_SRC_IN_CP_AREA)))
                                units++;

                        info->reshape_progress = blocks_per_unit * units;

                        dprintf("IMSM: General Migration checkpoint : %llu (%llu) -> read reshape progress : %llu\n",
                                (unsigned long long)units,
                                (unsigned long long)blocks_per_unit,
                                info->reshape_progress);

                        used_disks = imsm_num_data_members(prev_map);
                        if (used_disks > 0) {
                                info->custom_array_size = per_dev_array_size(map) *
                                        used_disks;
                        }
                }
                case MIGR_VERIFY:
                        /* we could emulate the checkpointing of
                         * 'sync_action=check' migrations, but for now
                         * we just immediately complete them
                         */
                case MIGR_REBUILD:
                        /* this is handled by container_content_imsm() */
                case MIGR_STATE_CHANGE:
                        /* FIXME handle other migrations */
                default:
                        /* we are not dirty, so... */
                        info->resync_start = MaxSector;
                }
        }

        strncpy(info->name, (char *) dev->volume, MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN);
        info->name[MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN] = 0;

        info->array.major_version = -1;
        info->array.minor_version = -2;
        sprintf(info->text_version, "/%s/%d", st->container_devnm, info->container_member);
        info->safe_mode_delay = 4000;  /* 4 secs like the Matrix driver */
        uuid_from_super_imsm(st, info->uuid);

        if (dmap) {
                int i, j;
                for (i=0; i<map_disks; i++) {
                        dmap[i] = 0;
                        if (i < info->array.raid_disks) {
                                struct imsm_disk *dsk;
                                j = get_imsm_disk_idx(dev, i, MAP_X);
                                dsk = get_imsm_disk(super, j);
                                if (dsk && (dsk->status & CONFIGURED_DISK))
                                        dmap[i] = 1;
                        }
                }
        }
}

static __u8 imsm_check_degraded(struct intel_super *super, struct imsm_dev *dev,
                                int failed, int look_in_map);

static int imsm_count_failed(struct intel_super *super, struct imsm_dev *dev,
                             int look_in_map);

static void manage_second_map(struct intel_super *super, struct imsm_dev *dev)
{
        if (is_gen_migration(dev)) {
                int failed;
                __u8 map_state;
                struct imsm_map *map2 = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);

                failed = imsm_count_failed(super, dev, MAP_1);
                map_state = imsm_check_degraded(super, dev, failed, MAP_1);
                if (map2->map_state != map_state) {
                        map2->map_state = map_state;
                        super->updates_pending++;
                }
        }
}

static struct imsm_disk *get_imsm_missing(struct intel_super *super, __u8 index)
{
        struct dl *d;

        for (d = super->missing; d; d = d->next)
                if (d->index == index)
                        return &d->disk;
        return NULL;
}

static void getinfo_super_imsm(struct supertype *st, struct mdinfo *info, char *map)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct imsm_disk *disk;
        int map_disks = info->array.raid_disks;
        int max_enough = -1;
        int i;
        struct imsm_super *mpb;

        if (super->current_vol >= 0) {
                getinfo_super_imsm_volume(st, info, map);
                return;
        }
        memset(info, 0, sizeof(*info));

        /* Set raid_disks to zero so that Assemble will always pull in valid
         * spares
         */
        info->array.raid_disks    = 0;
        info->array.level         = LEVEL_CONTAINER;
        info->array.layout        = 0;
        info->array.md_minor      = -1;
        info->array.ctime         = 0; /* N/A for imsm */
        info->array.utime         = 0;
        info->array.chunk_size    = 0;

        info->disk.major = 0;
        info->disk.minor = 0;
        info->disk.raid_disk = -1;
        info->reshape_active = 0;
        info->array.major_version = -1;
        info->array.minor_version = -2;
        strcpy(info->text_version, "imsm");
        info->safe_mode_delay = 0;
        info->disk.number = -1;
        info->disk.state = 0;
        info->name[0] = 0;
        info->recovery_start = MaxSector;
        info->recovery_blocked = imsm_reshape_blocks_arrays_changes(st->sb);
        info->bb.supported = 1;

        /* do we have the all the insync disks that we expect? */
        mpb = super->anchor;
        info->events = __le32_to_cpu(mpb->generation_num);

        for (i = 0; i < mpb->num_raid_devs; i++) {
                struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, i);
                int failed, enough, j, missing = 0;
                struct imsm_map *map;
                __u8 state;

                failed = imsm_count_failed(super, dev, MAP_0);
                state = imsm_check_degraded(super, dev, failed, MAP_0);
                map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);

                /* any newly missing disks?
                 * (catches single-degraded vs double-degraded)
                 */
                for (j = 0; j < map->num_members; j++) {
                        __u32 ord = get_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(dev, j, MAP_0);
                        __u32 idx = ord_to_idx(ord);

                        if (super->disks && super->disks->index == (int)idx)
                                info->disk.raid_disk = j;

                        if (!(ord & IMSM_ORD_REBUILD) &&
                            get_imsm_missing(super, idx)) {
                                missing = 1;
                                break;
                        }
                }

                if (state == IMSM_T_STATE_FAILED)
                        enough = -1;
                else if (state == IMSM_T_STATE_DEGRADED &&
                         (state != map->map_state || missing))
                        enough = 0;
                else /* we're normal, or already degraded */
                        enough = 1;
                if (is_gen_migration(dev) && missing) {
                        /* during general migration we need all disks
                         * that process is running on.
                         * No new missing disk is allowed.
                         */
                        max_enough = -1;
                        enough = -1;
                        /* no more checks necessary
                         */
                        break;
                }
                /* in the missing/failed disk case check to see
                 * if at least one array is runnable
                 */
                max_enough = max(max_enough, enough);
        }
        dprintf("enough: %d\n", max_enough);
        info->container_enough = max_enough;

        if (super->disks) {
                __u32 reserved = imsm_reserved_sectors(super, super->disks);

                disk = &super->disks->disk;
                info->data_offset = total_blocks(&super->disks->disk) - reserved;
                info->component_size = reserved;
                info->disk.state  = is_configured(disk) ? (1 << MD_DISK_ACTIVE) : 0;
                /* we don't change info->disk.raid_disk here because
                 * this state will be finalized in mdmon after we have
                 * found the 'most fresh' version of the metadata
                 */
                info->disk.state |= is_failed(disk) ? (1 << MD_DISK_FAULTY) : 0;
                info->disk.state |= (is_spare(disk) || is_journal(disk)) ?
                                    0 : (1 << MD_DISK_SYNC);
        }

        /* only call uuid_from_super_imsm when this disk is part of a populated container,
         * ->compare_super may have updated the 'num_raid_devs' field for spares
         */
        if (info->disk.state & (1 << MD_DISK_SYNC) || super->anchor->num_raid_devs)
                uuid_from_super_imsm(st, info->uuid);
        else
                memcpy(info->uuid, uuid_zero, sizeof(uuid_zero));

        /* I don't know how to compute 'map' on imsm, so use safe default */
        if (map) {
                int i;
                for (i = 0; i < map_disks; i++)
                        map[i] = 1;
        }

}

/* allocates memory and fills disk in mdinfo structure
 * for each disk in array */
struct mdinfo *getinfo_super_disks_imsm(struct supertype *st)
{
        struct mdinfo *mddev;
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct imsm_disk *disk;
        int count = 0;
        struct dl *dl;
        if (!super || !super->disks)
                return NULL;
        dl = super->disks;
        mddev = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*mddev));
        while (dl) {
                struct mdinfo *tmp;
                disk = &dl->disk;
                tmp = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*tmp));
                if (mddev->devs)
                        tmp->next = mddev->devs;
                mddev->devs = tmp;
                tmp->disk.number = count++;
                tmp->disk.major = dl->major;
                tmp->disk.minor = dl->minor;
                tmp->disk.state = is_configured(disk) ?
                                  (1 << MD_DISK_ACTIVE) : 0;
                tmp->disk.state |= is_failed(disk) ? (1 << MD_DISK_FAULTY) : 0;
                tmp->disk.state |= is_spare(disk) ? 0 : (1 << MD_DISK_SYNC);
                tmp->disk.raid_disk = -1;
                dl = dl->next;
        }
        return mddev;
}

static int update_super_imsm(struct supertype *st, struct mdinfo *info,
                             char *update, char *devname, int verbose,
                             int uuid_set, char *homehost)
{
        /* For 'assemble' and 'force' we need to return non-zero if any
         * change was made.  For others, the return value is ignored.
         * Update options are:
         *  force-one : This device looks a bit old but needs to be included,
         *        update age info appropriately.
         *  assemble: clear any 'faulty' flag to allow this device to
         *              be assembled.
         *  force-array: Array is degraded but being forced, mark it clean
         *         if that will be needed to assemble it.
         *
         *  newdev:  not used ????
         *  grow:  Array has gained a new device - this is currently for
         *              linear only
         *  resync: mark as dirty so a resync will happen.
         *  name:  update the name - preserving the homehost
         *  uuid:  Change the uuid of the array to match watch is given
         *
         * Following are not relevant for this imsm:
         *  sparc2.2 : update from old dodgey metadata
         *  super-minor: change the preferred_minor number
         *  summaries:  update redundant counters.
         *  homehost:  update the recorded homehost
         *  _reshape_progress: record new reshape_progress position.
         */
        int rv = 1;
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct imsm_super *mpb;

        /* we can only update container info */
        if (!super || super->current_vol >= 0 || !super->anchor)
                return 1;

        mpb = super->anchor;

        if (strcmp(update, "uuid") == 0) {
                /* We take this to mean that the family_num should be updated.
                 * However that is much smaller than the uuid so we cannot really
                 * allow an explicit uuid to be given.  And it is hard to reliably
                 * know if one was.
                 * So if !uuid_set we know the current uuid is random and just used
                 * the first 'int' and copy it to the other 3 positions.
                 * Otherwise we require the 4 'int's to be the same as would be the
                 * case if we are using a random uuid.  So an explicit uuid will be
                 * accepted as long as all for ints are the same... which shouldn't hurt
                 */
                if (!uuid_set) {
                        info->uuid[1] = info->uuid[2] = info->uuid[3] = info->uuid[0];
                        rv = 0;
                } else {
                        if (info->uuid[0] != info->uuid[1] ||
                            info->uuid[1] != info->uuid[2] ||
                            info->uuid[2] != info->uuid[3])
                                rv = -1;
                        else
                                rv = 0;
                }
                if (rv == 0)
                        mpb->orig_family_num = info->uuid[0];
        } else if (strcmp(update, "assemble") == 0)
                rv = 0;
        else
                rv = -1;

        /* successful update? recompute checksum */
        if (rv == 0)
                mpb->check_sum = __le32_to_cpu(__gen_imsm_checksum(mpb));

        return rv;
}

static size_t disks_to_mpb_size(int disks)
{
        size_t size;

        size = sizeof(struct imsm_super);
        size += (disks - 1) * sizeof(struct imsm_disk);
        size += 2 * sizeof(struct imsm_dev);
        /* up to 2 maps per raid device (-2 for imsm_maps in imsm_dev */
        size += (4 - 2) * sizeof(struct imsm_map);
        /* 4 possible disk_ord_tbl's */
        size += 4 * (disks - 1) * sizeof(__u32);
        /* maximum bbm log */
        size += sizeof(struct bbm_log);

        return size;
}

static __u64 avail_size_imsm(struct supertype *st, __u64 devsize,
                             unsigned long long data_offset)
{
        if (devsize < (MPB_SECTOR_CNT + IMSM_RESERVED_SECTORS))
                return 0;

        return devsize - (MPB_SECTOR_CNT + IMSM_RESERVED_SECTORS);
}

static void free_devlist(struct intel_super *super)
{
        struct intel_dev *dv;

        while (super->devlist) {
                dv = super->devlist->next;
                free(super->devlist->dev);
                free(super->devlist);
                super->devlist = dv;
        }
}

static void imsm_copy_dev(struct imsm_dev *dest, struct imsm_dev *src)
{
        memcpy(dest, src, sizeof_imsm_dev(src, 0));
}

static int compare_super_imsm(struct supertype *st, struct supertype *tst,
                              int verbose)
{
        /*
         * return:
         *  0 same, or first was empty, and second was copied
         *  1 second had wrong number
         *  2 wrong uuid
         *  3 wrong other info
         */
        struct intel_super *first = st->sb;
        struct intel_super *sec = tst->sb;

        if (!first) {
                st->sb = tst->sb;
                tst->sb = NULL;
                return 0;
        }
        /* in platform dependent environment test if the disks
         * use the same Intel hba
         * If not on Intel hba at all, allow anything.
         */
        if (!check_env("IMSM_NO_PLATFORM") && first->hba && sec->hba) {
                if (first->hba->type != sec->hba->type) {
                        if (verbose)
                                pr_err("HBAs of devices do not match %s != %s\n",
                                       get_sys_dev_type(first->hba->type),
                                       get_sys_dev_type(sec->hba->type));
                        return 3;
                }

                if (first->orom != sec->orom) {
                        if (verbose)
                                pr_err("HBAs of devices do not match %s != %s\n",
                                       first->hba->pci_id, sec->hba->pci_id);
                        return 3;
                }

        }

        /* if an anchor does not have num_raid_devs set then it is a free
         * floating spare
         */
        if (first->anchor->num_raid_devs > 0 &&
            sec->anchor->num_raid_devs > 0) {
                /* Determine if these disks might ever have been
                 * related.  Further disambiguation can only take place
                 * in load_super_imsm_all
                 */
                __u32 first_family = first->anchor->orig_family_num;
                __u32 sec_family = sec->anchor->orig_family_num;

                if (memcmp(first->anchor->sig, sec->anchor->sig,
                           MAX_SIGNATURE_LENGTH) != 0)
                        return 3;

                if (first_family == 0)
                        first_family = first->anchor->family_num;
                if (sec_family == 0)
                        sec_family = sec->anchor->family_num;

                if (first_family != sec_family)
                        return 3;

        }

        /* if 'first' is a spare promote it to a populated mpb with sec's
         * family number
         */
        if (first->anchor->num_raid_devs == 0 &&
            sec->anchor->num_raid_devs > 0) {
                int i;
                struct intel_dev *dv;
                struct imsm_dev *dev;

                /* we need to copy raid device info from sec if an allocation
                 * fails here we don't associate the spare
                 */
                for (i = 0; i < sec->anchor->num_raid_devs; i++) {
                        dv = xmalloc(sizeof(*dv));
                        dev = xmalloc(sizeof_imsm_dev(get_imsm_dev(sec, i), 1));
                        dv->dev = dev;
                        dv->index = i;
                        dv->next = first->devlist;
                        first->devlist = dv;
                }
                if (i < sec->anchor->num_raid_devs) {
                        /* allocation failure */
                        free_devlist(first);
                        pr_err("imsm: failed to associate spare\n");
                        return 3;
                }
                first->anchor->num_raid_devs = sec->anchor->num_raid_devs;
                first->anchor->orig_family_num = sec->anchor->orig_family_num;
                first->anchor->family_num = sec->anchor->family_num;
                memcpy(first->anchor->sig, sec->anchor->sig, MAX_SIGNATURE_LENGTH);
                for (i = 0; i < sec->anchor->num_raid_devs; i++)
                        imsm_copy_dev(get_imsm_dev(first, i), get_imsm_dev(sec, i));
        }

        return 0;
}

static void fd2devname(int fd, char *name)
{
        struct stat st;
        char path[256];
        char dname[PATH_MAX];
        char *nm;
        int rv;

        name[0] = '\0';
        if (fstat(fd, &st) != 0)
                return;
        sprintf(path, "/sys/dev/block/%d:%d",
                major(st.st_rdev), minor(st.st_rdev));

        rv = readlink(path, dname, sizeof(dname)-1);
        if (rv <= 0)
                return;

        dname[rv] = '\0';
        nm = strrchr(dname, '/');
        if (nm) {
                nm++;
                snprintf(name, MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN, "/dev/%s", nm);
        }
}

static int nvme_get_serial(int fd, void *buf, size_t buf_len)
{
        char path[60];
        char *name = fd2kname(fd);

        if (!name)
                return 1;

        if (strncmp(name, "nvme", 4) != 0)
                return 1;

        snprintf(path, sizeof(path) - 1, "/sys/block/%s/device/serial", name);

        return load_sys(path, buf, buf_len);
}

extern int scsi_get_serial(int fd, void *buf, size_t buf_len);

static int imsm_read_serial(int fd, char *devname,
                            __u8 *serial, size_t serial_buf_len)
{
        char buf[50];
        int rv;
        size_t len;
        char *dest;
        char *src;
        unsigned int i;

        memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));

        rv = nvme_get_serial(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));

        if (rv)
                rv = scsi_get_serial(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));

        if (rv && check_env("IMSM_DEVNAME_AS_SERIAL")) {
                memset(serial, 0, MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN);
                fd2devname(fd, (char *) serial);
                return 0;
        }

        if (rv != 0) {
                if (devname)
                        pr_err("Failed to retrieve serial for %s\n",
                               devname);
                return rv;
        }

        /* trim all whitespace and non-printable characters and convert
         * ':' to ';'
         */
        for (i = 0, dest = buf; i < sizeof(buf) && buf[i]; i++) {
                src = &buf[i];
                if (*src > 0x20) {
                        /* ':' is reserved for use in placeholder serial
                         * numbers for missing disks
                         */
                        if (*src == ':')
                                *dest++ = ';';
                        else
                                *dest++ = *src;
                }
        }
        len = dest - buf;
        dest = buf;

        if (len > serial_buf_len) {
                /* truncate leading characters */
                dest += len - serial_buf_len;
                len = serial_buf_len;
        }

        memset(serial, 0, serial_buf_len);
        memcpy(serial, dest, len);

        return 0;
}

static int serialcmp(__u8 *s1, __u8 *s2)
{
        return strncmp((char *) s1, (char *) s2, MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN);
}

static void serialcpy(__u8 *dest, __u8 *src)
{
        strncpy((char *) dest, (char *) src, MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN);
}

static struct dl *serial_to_dl(__u8 *serial, struct intel_super *super)
{
        struct dl *dl;

        for (dl = super->disks; dl; dl = dl->next)
                if (serialcmp(dl->serial, serial) == 0)
                        break;

        return dl;
}

static struct imsm_disk *
__serial_to_disk(__u8 *serial, struct imsm_super *mpb, int *idx)
{
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < mpb->num_disks; i++) {
                struct imsm_disk *disk = __get_imsm_disk(mpb, i);

                if (serialcmp(disk->serial, serial) == 0) {
                        if (idx)
                                *idx = i;
                        return disk;
                }
        }

        return NULL;
}

static int
load_imsm_disk(int fd, struct intel_super *super, char *devname, int keep_fd)
{
        struct imsm_disk *disk;
        struct dl *dl;
        struct stat stb;
        int rv;
        char name[40];
        __u8 serial[MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN];

        rv = imsm_read_serial(fd, devname, serial, MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN);

        if (rv != 0)
                return 2;

        dl = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*dl));

        fstat(fd, &stb);
        dl->major = major(stb.st_rdev);
        dl->minor = minor(stb.st_rdev);
        dl->next = super->disks;
        dl->fd = keep_fd ? fd : -1;
        assert(super->disks == NULL);
        super->disks = dl;
        serialcpy(dl->serial, serial);
        dl->index = -2;
        dl->e = NULL;
        fd2devname(fd, name);
        if (devname)
                dl->devname = xstrdup(devname);
        else
                dl->devname = xstrdup(name);

        /* look up this disk's index in the current anchor */
        disk = __serial_to_disk(dl->serial, super->anchor, &dl->index);
        if (disk) {
                dl->disk = *disk;
                /* only set index on disks that are a member of a
                 * populated contianer, i.e. one with raid_devs
                 */
                if (is_failed(&dl->disk))
                        dl->index = -2;
                else if (is_spare(&dl->disk) || is_journal(&dl->disk))
                        dl->index = -1;
        }

        return 0;
}

/* When migrating map0 contains the 'destination' state while map1
 * contains the current state.  When not migrating map0 contains the
 * current state.  This routine assumes that map[0].map_state is set to
 * the current array state before being called.
 *
 * Migration is indicated by one of the following states
 * 1/ Idle (migr_state=0 map0state=normal||unitialized||degraded||failed)
 * 2/ Initialize (migr_state=1 migr_type=MIGR_INIT map0state=normal
 *    map1state=unitialized)
 * 3/ Repair (Resync) (migr_state=1 migr_type=MIGR_REPAIR  map0state=normal
 *    map1state=normal)
 * 4/ Rebuild (migr_state=1 migr_type=MIGR_REBUILD map0state=normal
 *    map1state=degraded)
 * 5/ Migration (mig_state=1 migr_type=MIGR_GEN_MIGR map0state=normal
 *    map1state=normal)
 */
static void migrate(struct imsm_dev *dev, struct intel_super *super,
                    __u8 to_state, int migr_type)
{
        struct imsm_map *dest;
        struct imsm_map *src = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);

        dev->vol.migr_state = 1;
        set_migr_type(dev, migr_type);
        dev->vol.curr_migr_unit = 0;
        dest = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);

        /* duplicate and then set the target end state in map[0] */
        memcpy(dest, src, sizeof_imsm_map(src));
        if (migr_type == MIGR_GEN_MIGR) {
                __u32 ord;
                int i;

                for (i = 0; i < src->num_members; i++) {
                        ord = __le32_to_cpu(src->disk_ord_tbl[i]);
                        set_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(src, i, ord_to_idx(ord));
                }
        }

        if (migr_type == MIGR_GEN_MIGR)
                /* Clear migration record */
                memset(super->migr_rec, 0, sizeof(struct migr_record));

        src->map_state = to_state;
}

static void end_migration(struct imsm_dev *dev, struct intel_super *super,
                          __u8 map_state)
{
        struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
        struct imsm_map *prev = get_imsm_map(dev, dev->vol.migr_state == 0 ?
                                                    MAP_0 : MAP_1);
        int i, j;

        /* merge any IMSM_ORD_REBUILD bits that were not successfully
         * completed in the last migration.
         *
         * FIXME add support for raid-level-migration
         */
        if (map_state != map->map_state && (is_gen_migration(dev) == 0) &&
            prev->map_state != IMSM_T_STATE_UNINITIALIZED) {
                /* when final map state is other than expected
                 * merge maps (not for migration)
                 */
                int failed;

                for (i = 0; i < prev->num_members; i++)
                        for (j = 0; j < map->num_members; j++)
                                /* during online capacity expansion
                                 * disks position can be changed
                                 * if takeover is used
                                 */
                                if (ord_to_idx(map->disk_ord_tbl[j]) ==
                                    ord_to_idx(prev->disk_ord_tbl[i])) {
                                        map->disk_ord_tbl[j] |=
                                                prev->disk_ord_tbl[i];
                                        break;
                                }
                failed = imsm_count_failed(super, dev, MAP_0);
                map_state = imsm_check_degraded(super, dev, failed, MAP_0);
        }

        dev->vol.migr_state = 0;
        set_migr_type(dev, 0);
        dev->vol.curr_migr_unit = 0;
        map->map_state = map_state;
}

static int parse_raid_devices(struct intel_super *super)
{
        int i;
        struct imsm_dev *dev_new;
        size_t len, len_migr;
        size_t max_len = 0;
        size_t space_needed = 0;
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;

        for (i = 0; i < super->anchor->num_raid_devs; i++) {
                struct imsm_dev *dev_iter = __get_imsm_dev(super->anchor, i);
                struct intel_dev *dv;

                len = sizeof_imsm_dev(dev_iter, 0);
                len_migr = sizeof_imsm_dev(dev_iter, 1);
                if (len_migr > len)
                        space_needed += len_migr - len;

                dv = xmalloc(sizeof(*dv));
                if (max_len < len_migr)
                        max_len = len_migr;
                if (max_len > len_migr)
                        space_needed += max_len - len_migr;
                dev_new = xmalloc(max_len);
                imsm_copy_dev(dev_new, dev_iter);
                dv->dev = dev_new;
                dv->index = i;
                dv->next = super->devlist;
                super->devlist = dv;
        }

        /* ensure that super->buf is large enough when all raid devices
         * are migrating
         */
        if (__le32_to_cpu(mpb->mpb_size) + space_needed > super->len) {
                void *buf;

                len = ROUND_UP(__le32_to_cpu(mpb->mpb_size) + space_needed,
                              super->sector_size);
                if (posix_memalign(&buf, MAX_SECTOR_SIZE, len) != 0)
                        return 1;

                memcpy(buf, super->buf, super->len);
                memset(buf + super->len, 0, len - super->len);
                free(super->buf);
                super->buf = buf;
                super->len = len;
        }

        super->extra_space += space_needed;

        return 0;
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    check_mpb_migr_compatibility
 * Description: Function checks for unsupported migration features:
 *              - migration optimization area (pba_of_lba0)
 *              - descending reshape (ascending_migr)
 * Parameters:
 *      super   : imsm metadata information
 * Returns:
 *       0 : migration is compatible
 *      -1 : migration is not compatible
 ******************************************************************************/
int check_mpb_migr_compatibility(struct intel_super *super)
{
        struct imsm_map *map0, *map1;
        struct migr_record *migr_rec = super->migr_rec;
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < super->anchor->num_raid_devs; i++) {
                struct imsm_dev *dev_iter = __get_imsm_dev(super->anchor, i);

                if (dev_iter &&
                    dev_iter->vol.migr_state == 1 &&
                    dev_iter->vol.migr_type == MIGR_GEN_MIGR) {
                        /* This device is migrating */
                        map0 = get_imsm_map(dev_iter, MAP_0);
                        map1 = get_imsm_map(dev_iter, MAP_1);
                        if (pba_of_lba0(map0) != pba_of_lba0(map1))
                                /* migration optimization area was used */
                                return -1;
                        if (migr_rec->ascending_migr == 0 &&
                            migr_rec->dest_depth_per_unit > 0)
                                /* descending reshape not supported yet */
                                return -1;
                }
        }
        return 0;
}

static void __free_imsm(struct intel_super *super, int free_disks);

/* load_imsm_mpb - read matrix metadata
 * allocates super->mpb to be freed by free_imsm
 */
static int load_imsm_mpb(int fd, struct intel_super *super, char *devname)
{
        unsigned long long dsize;
        unsigned long long sectors;
        unsigned int sector_size = super->sector_size;
        struct stat;
        struct imsm_super *anchor;
        __u32 check_sum;

        get_dev_size(fd, NULL, &dsize);
        if (dsize < 2*sector_size) {
                if (devname)
                        pr_err("%s: device to small for imsm\n",
                               devname);
                return 1;
        }

        if (lseek64(fd, dsize - (sector_size * 2), SEEK_SET) < 0) {
                if (devname)
                        pr_err("Cannot seek to anchor block on %s: %s\n",
                               devname, strerror(errno));
                return 1;
        }

        if (posix_memalign((void **)&anchor, sector_size, sector_size) != 0) {
                if (devname)
                        pr_err("Failed to allocate imsm anchor buffer on %s\n", devname);
                return 1;
        }
        if ((unsigned int)read(fd, anchor, sector_size) != sector_size) {
                if (devname)
                        pr_err("Cannot read anchor block on %s: %s\n",
                               devname, strerror(errno));
                free(anchor);
                return 1;
        }

        if (strncmp((char *) anchor->sig, MPB_SIGNATURE, MPB_SIG_LEN) != 0) {
                if (devname)
                        pr_err("no IMSM anchor on %s\n", devname);
                free(anchor);
                return 2;
        }

        __free_imsm(super, 0);
        /*  reload capability and hba */

        /* capability and hba must be updated with new super allocation */
        find_intel_hba_capability(fd, super, devname);
        super->len = ROUND_UP(anchor->mpb_size, sector_size);
        if (posix_memalign(&super->buf, MAX_SECTOR_SIZE, super->len) != 0) {
                if (devname)
                        pr_err("unable to allocate %zu byte mpb buffer\n",
                               super->len);
                free(anchor);
                return 2;
        }
        memcpy(super->buf, anchor, sector_size);

        sectors = mpb_sectors(anchor, sector_size) - 1;
        free(anchor);

        if (posix_memalign(&super->migr_rec_buf, MAX_SECTOR_SIZE,
            MIGR_REC_BUF_SECTORS*MAX_SECTOR_SIZE) != 0) {
                pr_err("could not allocate migr_rec buffer\n");
                free(super->buf);
                return 2;
        }
        super->clean_migration_record_by_mdmon = 0;

        if (!sectors) {
                check_sum = __gen_imsm_checksum(super->anchor);
                if (check_sum != __le32_to_cpu(super->anchor->check_sum)) {
                        if (devname)
                                pr_err("IMSM checksum %x != %x on %s\n",
                                       check_sum,
                                       __le32_to_cpu(super->anchor->check_sum),
                                       devname);
                        return 2;
                }

                return 0;
        }

        /* read the extended mpb */
        if (lseek64(fd, dsize - (sector_size * (2 + sectors)), SEEK_SET) < 0) {
                if (devname)
                        pr_err("Cannot seek to extended mpb on %s: %s\n",
                               devname, strerror(errno));
                return 1;
        }

        if ((unsigned int)read(fd, super->buf + sector_size,
                    super->len - sector_size) != super->len - sector_size) {
                if (devname)
                        pr_err("Cannot read extended mpb on %s: %s\n",
                               devname, strerror(errno));
                return 2;
        }

        check_sum = __gen_imsm_checksum(super->anchor);
        if (check_sum != __le32_to_cpu(super->anchor->check_sum)) {
                if (devname)
                        pr_err("IMSM checksum %x != %x on %s\n",
                               check_sum, __le32_to_cpu(super->anchor->check_sum),
                               devname);
                return 3;
        }

        return 0;
}

static int read_imsm_migr_rec(int fd, struct intel_super *super);

/* clears hi bits in metadata if MPB_ATTRIB_2TB_DISK not set */
static void clear_hi(struct intel_super *super)
{
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
        int i, n;
        if (mpb->attributes & MPB_ATTRIB_2TB_DISK)
                return;
        for (i = 0; i < mpb->num_disks; ++i) {
                struct imsm_disk *disk = &mpb->disk[i];
                disk->total_blocks_hi = 0;
        }
        for (i = 0; i < mpb->num_raid_devs; ++i) {
                struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, i);
                if (!dev)
                        return;
                for (n = 0; n < 2; ++n) {
                        struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, n);
                        if (!map)
                                continue;
                        map->pba_of_lba0_hi = 0;
                        map->blocks_per_member_hi = 0;
                        map->num_data_stripes_hi = 0;
                }
        }
}

static int
load_and_parse_mpb(int fd, struct intel_super *super, char *devname, int keep_fd)
{
        int err;

        err = load_imsm_mpb(fd, super, devname);
        if (err)
                return err;
        if (super->sector_size == 4096)
                convert_from_4k(super);
        err = load_imsm_disk(fd, super, devname, keep_fd);
        if (err)
                return err;
        err = parse_raid_devices(super);
        if (err)
                return err;
        err = load_bbm_log(super);
        clear_hi(super);
        return err;
}

static void __free_imsm_disk(struct dl *d)
{
        if (d->fd >= 0)
                close(d->fd);
        if (d->devname)
                free(d->devname);
        if (d->e)
                free(d->e);
        free(d);

}

static void free_imsm_disks(struct intel_super *super)
{
        struct dl *d;

        while (super->disks) {
                d = super->disks;
                super->disks = d->next;
                __free_imsm_disk(d);
        }
        while (super->disk_mgmt_list) {
                d = super->disk_mgmt_list;
                super->disk_mgmt_list = d->next;
                __free_imsm_disk(d);
        }
        while (super->missing) {
                d = super->missing;
                super->missing = d->next;
                __free_imsm_disk(d);
        }

}

/* free all the pieces hanging off of a super pointer */
static void __free_imsm(struct intel_super *super, int free_disks)
{
        struct intel_hba *elem, *next;

        if (super->buf) {
                free(super->buf);
                super->buf = NULL;
        }
        /* unlink capability description */
        super->orom = NULL;
        if (super->migr_rec_buf) {
                free(super->migr_rec_buf);
                super->migr_rec_buf = NULL;
        }
        if (free_disks)
                free_imsm_disks(super);
        free_devlist(super);
        elem = super->hba;
        while (elem) {
                if (elem->path)
                        free((void *)elem->path);
                next = elem->next;
                free(elem);
                elem = next;
        }
        if (super->bbm_log)
                free(super->bbm_log);
        super->hba = NULL;
}

static void free_imsm(struct intel_super *super)
{
        __free_imsm(super, 1);
        free(super->bb.entries);
        free(super);
}

static void free_super_imsm(struct supertype *st)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;

        if (!super)
                return;

        free_imsm(super);
        st->sb = NULL;
}

static struct intel_super *alloc_super(void)
{
        struct intel_super *super = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*super));

        super->current_vol = -1;
        super->create_offset = ~((unsigned long long) 0);

        super->bb.entries = xmalloc(BBM_LOG_MAX_ENTRIES *
                                   sizeof(struct md_bb_entry));
        if (!super->bb.entries) {
                free(super);
                return NULL;
        }

        return super;
}

/*
 * find and allocate hba and OROM/EFI based on valid fd of RAID component device
 */
static int find_intel_hba_capability(int fd, struct intel_super *super, char *devname)
{
        struct sys_dev *hba_name;
        int rv = 0;

        if (fd >= 0 && test_partition(fd)) {
                pr_err("imsm: %s is a partition, cannot be used in IMSM\n",
                       devname);
                return 1;
        }
        if (fd < 0 || check_env("IMSM_NO_PLATFORM")) {
                super->orom = NULL;
                super->hba = NULL;
                return 0;
        }
        hba_name = find_disk_attached_hba(fd, NULL);
        if (!hba_name) {
                if (devname)
                        pr_err("%s is not attached to Intel(R) RAID controller.\n",
                               devname);
                return 1;
        }
        rv = attach_hba_to_super(super, hba_name);
        if (rv == 2) {
                if (devname) {
                        struct intel_hba *hba = super->hba;

                        pr_err("%s is attached to Intel(R) %s %s (%s),\n"
                                "    but the container is assigned to Intel(R) %s %s (",
                                devname,
                                get_sys_dev_type(hba_name->type),
                                hba_name->type == SYS_DEV_VMD ? "domain" : "RAID controller",
                                hba_name->pci_id ? : "Err!",
                                get_sys_dev_type(super->hba->type),
                                hba->type == SYS_DEV_VMD ? "domain" : "RAID controller");

                        while (hba) {
                                fprintf(stderr, "%s", hba->pci_id ? : "Err!");
                                if (hba->next)
                                        fprintf(stderr, ", ");
                                hba = hba->next;
                        }
                        fprintf(stderr, ").\n"
                                "    Mixing devices attached to different controllers is not allowed.\n");
                }
                return 2;
        }
        super->orom = find_imsm_capability(hba_name);
        if (!super->orom)
                return 3;

        return 0;
}

/* find_missing - helper routine for load_super_imsm_all that identifies
 * disks that have disappeared from the system.  This routine relies on
 * the mpb being uptodate, which it is at load time.
 */
static int find_missing(struct intel_super *super)
{
        int i;
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
        struct dl *dl;
        struct imsm_disk *disk;

        for (i = 0; i < mpb->num_disks; i++) {
                disk = __get_imsm_disk(mpb, i);
                dl = serial_to_dl(disk->serial, super);
                if (dl)
                        continue;

                dl = xmalloc(sizeof(*dl));
                dl->major = 0;
                dl->minor = 0;
                dl->fd = -1;
                dl->devname = xstrdup("missing");
                dl->index = i;
                serialcpy(dl->serial, disk->serial);
                dl->disk = *disk;
                dl->e = NULL;
                dl->next = super->missing;
                super->missing = dl;
        }

        return 0;
}

static struct intel_disk *disk_list_get(__u8 *serial, struct intel_disk *disk_list)
{
        struct intel_disk *idisk = disk_list;

        while (idisk) {
                if (serialcmp(idisk->disk.serial, serial) == 0)
                        break;
                idisk = idisk->next;
        }

        return idisk;
}

static int __prep_thunderdome(struct intel_super **table, int tbl_size,
                              struct intel_super *super,
                              struct intel_disk **disk_list)
{
        struct imsm_disk *d = &super->disks->disk;
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
        int i, j;

        for (i = 0; i < tbl_size; i++) {
                struct imsm_super *tbl_mpb = table[i]->anchor;
                struct imsm_disk *tbl_d = &table[i]->disks->disk;

                if (tbl_mpb->family_num == mpb->family_num) {
                        if (tbl_mpb->check_sum == mpb->check_sum) {
                                dprintf("mpb from %d:%d matches %d:%d\n",
                                        super->disks->major,
                                        super->disks->minor,
                                        table[i]->disks->major,
                                        table[i]->disks->minor);
                                break;
                        }

                        if (((is_configured(d) && !is_configured(tbl_d)) ||
                             is_configured(d) == is_configured(tbl_d)) &&
                            tbl_mpb->generation_num < mpb->generation_num) {
                                /* current version of the mpb is a
                                 * better candidate than the one in
                                 * super_table, but copy over "cross
                                 * generational" status
                                 */
                                struct intel_disk *idisk;

                                dprintf("mpb from %d:%d replaces %d:%d\n",
                                        super->disks->major,
                                        super->disks->minor,
                                        table[i]->disks->major,
                                        table[i]->disks->minor);

                                idisk = disk_list_get(tbl_d->serial, *disk_list);
                                if (idisk && is_failed(&idisk->disk))
                                        tbl_d->status |= FAILED_DISK;
                                break;
                        } else {
                                struct intel_disk *idisk;
                                struct imsm_disk *disk;

                                /* tbl_mpb is more up to date, but copy
                                 * over cross generational status before
                                 * returning
                                 */
                                disk = __serial_to_disk(d->serial, mpb, NULL);
                                if (disk && is_failed(disk))
                                        d->status |= FAILED_DISK;

                                idisk = disk_list_get(d->serial, *disk_list);
                                if (idisk) {
                                        idisk->owner = i;
                                        if (disk && is_configured(disk))
                                                idisk->disk.status |= CONFIGURED_DISK;
                                }

                                dprintf("mpb from %d:%d prefer %d:%d\n",
                                        super->disks->major,
                                        super->disks->minor,
                                        table[i]->disks->major,
                                        table[i]->disks->minor);

                                return tbl_size;
                        }
                }
        }

        if (i >= tbl_size)
                table[tbl_size++] = super;
        else
                table[i] = super;

        /* update/extend the merged list of imsm_disk records */
        for (j = 0; j < mpb->num_disks; j++) {
                struct imsm_disk *disk = __get_imsm_disk(mpb, j);
                struct intel_disk *idisk;

                idisk = disk_list_get(disk->serial, *disk_list);
                if (idisk) {
                        idisk->disk.status |= disk->status;
                        if (is_configured(&idisk->disk) ||
                            is_failed(&idisk->disk))
                                idisk->disk.status &= ~(SPARE_DISK);
                } else {
                        idisk = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*idisk));
                        idisk->owner = IMSM_UNKNOWN_OWNER;
                        idisk->disk = *disk;
                        idisk->next = *disk_list;
                        *disk_list = idisk;
                }

                if (serialcmp(idisk->disk.serial, d->serial) == 0)
                        idisk->owner = i;
        }

        return tbl_size;
}

static struct intel_super *
validate_members(struct intel_super *super, struct intel_disk *disk_list,
                 const int owner)
{
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
        int ok_count = 0;
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < mpb->num_disks; i++) {
                struct imsm_disk *disk = __get_imsm_disk(mpb, i);
                struct intel_disk *idisk;

                idisk = disk_list_get(disk->serial, disk_list);
                if (idisk) {
                        if (idisk->owner == owner ||
                            idisk->owner == IMSM_UNKNOWN_OWNER)
                                ok_count++;
                        else
                                dprintf("'%.16s' owner %d != %d\n",
                                        disk->serial, idisk->owner,
                                        owner);
                } else {
                        dprintf("unknown disk %x [%d]: %.16s\n",
                                __le32_to_cpu(mpb->family_num), i,
                                disk->serial);
                        break;
                }
        }

        if (ok_count == mpb->num_disks)
                return super;
        return NULL;
}

static void show_conflicts(__u32 family_num, struct intel_super *super_list)
{
        struct intel_super *s;

        for (s = super_list; s; s = s->next) {
                if (family_num != s->anchor->family_num)
                        continue;
                pr_err("Conflict, offlining family %#x on '%s'\n",
                        __le32_to_cpu(family_num), s->disks->devname);
        }
}

static struct intel_super *
imsm_thunderdome(struct intel_super **super_list, int len)
{
        struct intel_super *super_table[len];
        struct intel_disk *disk_list = NULL;
        struct intel_super *champion, *spare;
        struct intel_super *s, **del;
        int tbl_size = 0;
        int conflict;
        int i;

        memset(super_table, 0, sizeof(super_table));
        for (s = *super_list; s; s = s->next)
                tbl_size = __prep_thunderdome(super_table, tbl_size, s, &disk_list);

        for (i = 0; i < tbl_size; i++) {
                struct imsm_disk *d;
                struct intel_disk *idisk;
                struct imsm_super *mpb = super_table[i]->anchor;

                s = super_table[i];
                d = &s->disks->disk;

                /* 'd' must appear in merged disk list for its
                 * configuration to be valid
                 */
                idisk = disk_list_get(d->serial, disk_list);
                if (idisk && idisk->owner == i)
                        s = validate_members(s, disk_list, i);
                else
                        s = NULL;

                if (!s)
                        dprintf("marking family: %#x from %d:%d offline\n",
                                mpb->family_num,
                                super_table[i]->disks->major,
                                super_table[i]->disks->minor);
                super_table[i] = s;
        }

        /* This is where the mdadm implementation differs from the Windows
         * driver which has no strict concept of a container.  We can only
         * assemble one family from a container, so when returning a prodigal
         * array member to this system the code will not be able to disambiguate
         * the container contents that should be assembled ("foreign" versus
         * "local").  It requires user intervention to set the orig_family_num
         * to a new value to establish a new container.  The Windows driver in
         * this situation fixes up the volume name in place and manages the
         * foreign array as an independent entity.
         */
        s = NULL;
        spare = NULL;
        conflict = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < tbl_size; i++) {
                struct intel_super *tbl_ent = super_table[i];
                int is_spare = 0;

                if (!tbl_ent)
                        continue;

                if (tbl_ent->anchor->num_raid_devs == 0) {
                        spare = tbl_ent;
                        is_spare = 1;
                }

                if (s && !is_spare) {
                        show_conflicts(tbl_ent->anchor->family_num, *super_list);
                        conflict++;
                } else if (!s && !is_spare)
                        s = tbl_ent;
        }

        if (!s)
                s = spare;
        if (!s) {
                champion = NULL;
                goto out;
        }
        champion = s;

        if (conflict)
                pr_err("Chose family %#x on '%s', assemble conflicts to new container with '--update=uuid'\n",
                        __le32_to_cpu(s->anchor->family_num), s->disks->devname);

        /* collect all dl's onto 'champion', and update them to
         * champion's version of the status
         */
        for (s = *super_list; s; s = s->next) {
                struct imsm_super *mpb = champion->anchor;
                struct dl *dl = s->disks;

                if (s == champion)
                        continue;

                mpb->attributes |= s->anchor->attributes & MPB_ATTRIB_2TB_DISK;

                for (i = 0; i < mpb->num_disks; i++) {
                        struct imsm_disk *disk;

                        disk = __serial_to_disk(dl->serial, mpb, &dl->index);
                        if (disk) {
                                dl->disk = *disk;
                                /* only set index on disks that are a member of
                                 * a populated contianer, i.e. one with
                                 * raid_devs
                                 */
                                if (is_failed(&dl->disk))
                                        dl->index = -2;
                                else if (is_spare(&dl->disk))
                                        dl->index = -1;
                                break;
                        }
                }

                if (i >= mpb->num_disks) {
                        struct intel_disk *idisk;

                        idisk = disk_list_get(dl->serial, disk_list);
                        if (idisk && is_spare(&idisk->disk) &&
                            !is_failed(&idisk->disk) && !is_configured(&idisk->disk))
                                dl->index = -1;
                        else {
                                dl->index = -2;
                                continue;
                        }
                }

                dl->next = champion->disks;
                champion->disks = dl;
                s->disks = NULL;
        }

        /* delete 'champion' from super_list */
        for (del = super_list; *del; ) {
                if (*del == champion) {
                        *del = (*del)->next;
                        break;
                } else
                        del = &(*del)->next;
        }
        champion->next = NULL;

 out:
        while (disk_list) {
                struct intel_disk *idisk = disk_list;

                disk_list = disk_list->next;
                free(idisk);
        }

        return champion;
}

static int
get_sra_super_block(int fd, struct intel_super **super_list, char *devname, int *max, int keep_fd);
static int get_super_block(struct intel_super **super_list, char *devnm, char *devname,
                           int major, int minor, int keep_fd);
static int
get_devlist_super_block(struct md_list *devlist, struct intel_super **super_list,
                        int *max, int keep_fd);

static int load_super_imsm_all(struct supertype *st, int fd, void **sbp,
                               char *devname, struct md_list *devlist,
                               int keep_fd)
{
        struct intel_super *super_list = NULL;
        struct intel_super *super = NULL;
        int err = 0;
        int i = 0;

        if (fd >= 0)
                /* 'fd' is an opened container */
                err = get_sra_super_block(fd, &super_list, devname, &i, keep_fd);
        else
                /* get super block from devlist devices */
                err = get_devlist_super_block(devlist, &super_list, &i, keep_fd);
        if (err)
                goto error;
        /* all mpbs enter, maybe one leaves */
        super = imsm_thunderdome(&super_list, i);
        if (!super) {
                err = 1;
                goto error;
        }

        if (find_missing(super) != 0) {
                free_imsm(super);
                err = 2;
                goto error;
        }

        /* load migration record */
        err = load_imsm_migr_rec(super);
        if (err == -1) {
                /* migration is in progress,
                 * but migr_rec cannot be loaded,
                 */
                err = 4;
                goto error;
        }

        /* Check migration compatibility */
        if (err == 0 && check_mpb_migr_compatibility(super) != 0) {
                pr_err("Unsupported migration detected");
                if (devname)
                        fprintf(stderr, " on %s\n", devname);
                else
                        fprintf(stderr, " (IMSM).\n");

                err = 5;
                goto error;
        }

        err = 0;

 error:
        while (super_list) {
                struct intel_super *s = super_list;

                super_list = super_list->next;
                free_imsm(s);
        }

        if (err)
                return err;

        *sbp = super;
        if (fd >= 0)
                strcpy(st->container_devnm, fd2devnm(fd));
        else
                st->container_devnm[0] = 0;
        if (err == 0 && st->ss == NULL) {
                st->ss = &super_imsm;
                st->minor_version = 0;
                st->max_devs = IMSM_MAX_DEVICES;
        }
        return 0;
}

static int
get_devlist_super_block(struct md_list *devlist, struct intel_super **super_list,
                        int *max, int keep_fd)
{
        struct md_list *tmpdev;
        int err = 0;
        int i = 0;

        for (i = 0, tmpdev = devlist; tmpdev; tmpdev = tmpdev->next) {
                if (tmpdev->used != 1)
                        continue;
                if (tmpdev->container == 1) {
                        int lmax = 0;
                        int fd = dev_open(tmpdev->devname, O_RDONLY|O_EXCL);
                        if (fd < 0) {
                                pr_err("cannot open device %s: %s\n",
                                        tmpdev->devname, strerror(errno));
                                err = 8;
                                goto error;
                        }
                        err = get_sra_super_block(fd, super_list,
                                                  tmpdev->devname, &lmax,
                                                  keep_fd);
                        i += lmax;
                        close(fd);
                        if (err) {
                                err = 7;
                                goto error;
                        }
                } else {
                        int major = major(tmpdev->st_rdev);
                        int minor = minor(tmpdev->st_rdev);
                        err = get_super_block(super_list,
                                              NULL,
                                              tmpdev->devname,
                                              major, minor,
                                              keep_fd);
                        i++;
                        if (err) {
                                err = 6;
                                goto error;
                        }
                }
        }
 error:
        *max = i;
        return err;
}

static int get_super_block(struct intel_super **super_list, char *devnm, char *devname,
                           int major, int minor, int keep_fd)
{
        struct intel_super *s;
        char nm[32];
        int dfd = -1;
        int err = 0;
        int retry;

        s = alloc_super();
        if (!s) {
                err = 1;
                goto error;
        }

        sprintf(nm, "%d:%d", major, minor);
        dfd = dev_open(nm, O_RDWR);
        if (dfd < 0) {
                err = 2;
                goto error;
        }

        get_dev_sector_size(dfd, NULL, &s->sector_size);
        find_intel_hba_capability(dfd, s, devname);
        err = load_and_parse_mpb(dfd, s, NULL, keep_fd);

        /* retry the load if we might have raced against mdmon */
        if (err == 3 && devnm && mdmon_running(devnm))
                for (retry = 0; retry < 3; retry++) {
                        usleep(3000);
                        err = load_and_parse_mpb(dfd, s, NULL, keep_fd);
                        if (err != 3)
                                break;
                }
 error:
        if (!err) {
                s->next = *super_list;
                *super_list = s;
        } else {
                if (s)
                        free_imsm(s);
                if (dfd >= 0)
                        close(dfd);
        }
        if (dfd >= 0 && !keep_fd)
                close(dfd);
        return err;

}

static int
get_sra_super_block(int fd, struct intel_super **super_list, char *devname, int *max, int keep_fd)
{
        struct mdinfo *sra;
        char *devnm;
        struct mdinfo *sd;
        int err = 0;
        int i = 0;
        sra = sysfs_read(fd, NULL, GET_LEVEL|GET_VERSION|GET_DEVS|GET_STATE);
        if (!sra)
                return 1;

        if (sra->array.major_version != -1 ||
            sra->array.minor_version != -2 ||
            strcmp(sra->text_version, "imsm") != 0) {
                err = 1;
                goto error;
        }
        /* load all mpbs */
        devnm = fd2devnm(fd);
        for (sd = sra->devs, i = 0; sd; sd = sd->next, i++) {
                if (get_super_block(super_list, devnm, devname,
                                    sd->disk.major, sd->disk.minor, keep_fd) != 0) {
                        err = 7;
                        goto error;
                }
        }
 error:
        sysfs_free(sra);
        *max = i;
        return err;
}

static int load_container_imsm(struct supertype *st, int fd, char *devname)
{
        return load_super_imsm_all(st, fd, &st->sb, devname, NULL, 1);
}

static int load_super_imsm(struct supertype *st, int fd, char *devname)
{
        struct intel_super *super;
        int rv;
        int retry;

        if (test_partition(fd))
                /* IMSM not allowed on partitions */
                return 1;

        free_super_imsm(st);

        super = alloc_super();
        get_dev_sector_size(fd, NULL, &super->sector_size);
        if (!super)
                return 1;
        /* Load hba and capabilities if they exist.
         * But do not preclude loading metadata in case capabilities or hba are
         * non-compliant and ignore_hw_compat is set.
         */
        rv = find_intel_hba_capability(fd, super, devname);
        /* no orom/efi or non-intel hba of the disk */
        if (rv != 0 && st->ignore_hw_compat == 0) {
                if (devname)
                        pr_err("No OROM/EFI properties for %s\n", devname);
                free_imsm(super);
                return 2;
        }
        rv = load_and_parse_mpb(fd, super, devname, 0);

        /* retry the load if we might have raced against mdmon */
        if (rv == 3) {
                struct mdstat_ent *mdstat = NULL;
                char *name = fd2kname(fd);

                if (name)
                        mdstat = mdstat_by_component(name);

                if (mdstat && mdmon_running(mdstat->devnm) && getpid() != mdmon_pid(mdstat->devnm)) {
                        for (retry = 0; retry < 3; retry++) {
                                usleep(3000);
                                rv = load_and_parse_mpb(fd, super, devname, 0);
                                if (rv != 3)
                                        break;
                        }
                }

                free_mdstat(mdstat);
        }

        if (rv) {
                if (devname)
                        pr_err("Failed to load all information sections on %s\n", devname);
                free_imsm(super);
                return rv;
        }

        st->sb = super;
        if (st->ss == NULL) {
                st->ss = &super_imsm;
                st->minor_version = 0;
                st->max_devs = IMSM_MAX_DEVICES;
        }

        /* load migration record */
        if (load_imsm_migr_rec(super) == 0) {
                /* Check for unsupported migration features */
                if (check_mpb_migr_compatibility(super) != 0) {
                        pr_err("Unsupported migration detected");
                        if (devname)
                                fprintf(stderr, " on %s\n", devname);
                        else
                                fprintf(stderr, " (IMSM).\n");
                        return 3;
                }
        }

        return 0;
}

static __u16 info_to_blocks_per_strip(mdu_array_info_t *info)
{
        if (info->level == 1)
                return 128;
        return info->chunk_size >> 9;
}

static unsigned long long info_to_blocks_per_member(mdu_array_info_t *info,
                                                    unsigned long long size)
{
        if (info->level == 1)
                return size * 2;
        else
                return (size * 2) & ~(info_to_blocks_per_strip(info) - 1);
}

static void imsm_update_version_info(struct intel_super *super)
{
        /* update the version and attributes */
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
        char *version;
        struct imsm_dev *dev;
        struct imsm_map *map;
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < mpb->num_raid_devs; i++) {
                dev = get_imsm_dev(super, i);
                map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
                if (__le32_to_cpu(dev->size_high) > 0)
                        mpb->attributes |= MPB_ATTRIB_2TB;

                /* FIXME detect when an array spans a port multiplier */
                #if 0
                mpb->attributes |= MPB_ATTRIB_PM;
                #endif

                if (mpb->num_raid_devs > 1 ||
                    mpb->attributes != MPB_ATTRIB_CHECKSUM_VERIFY) {
                        version = MPB_VERSION_ATTRIBS;
                        switch (get_imsm_raid_level(map)) {
                        case 0: mpb->attributes |= MPB_ATTRIB_RAID0; break;
                        case 1: mpb->attributes |= MPB_ATTRIB_RAID1; break;
                        case 10: mpb->attributes |= MPB_ATTRIB_RAID10; break;
                        case 5: mpb->attributes |= MPB_ATTRIB_RAID5; break;
                        }
                } else {
                        if (map->num_members >= 5)
                                version = MPB_VERSION_5OR6_DISK_ARRAY;
                        else if (dev->status == DEV_CLONE_N_GO)
                                version = MPB_VERSION_CNG;
                        else if (get_imsm_raid_level(map) == 5)
                                version = MPB_VERSION_RAID5;
                        else if (map->num_members >= 3)
                                version = MPB_VERSION_3OR4_DISK_ARRAY;
                        else if (get_imsm_raid_level(map) == 1)
                                version = MPB_VERSION_RAID1;
                        else
                                version = MPB_VERSION_RAID0;
                }
                strcpy(((char *) mpb->sig) + strlen(MPB_SIGNATURE), version);
        }
}

static int check_name(struct intel_super *super, char *name, int quiet)
{
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
        char *reason = NULL;
        char *start = name;
        size_t len = strlen(name);
        int i;

        if (len > 0) {
                while (isspace(start[len - 1]))
                        start[--len] = 0;
                while (*start && isspace(*start))
                        ++start, --len;
                memmove(name, start, len + 1);
        }

        if (len > MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN)
                reason = "must be 16 characters or less";
        else if (len == 0)
                reason = "must be a non-empty string";

        for (i = 0; i < mpb->num_raid_devs; i++) {
                struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, i);

                if (strncmp((char *) dev->volume, name, MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN) == 0) {
                        reason = "already exists";
                        break;
                }
        }

        if (reason && !quiet)
                pr_err("imsm volume name %s\n", reason);

        return !reason;
}

static int init_super_imsm_volume(struct supertype *st, mdu_array_info_t *info,
                                  struct shape *s, char *name,
                                  char *homehost, int *uuid,
                                  long long data_offset)
{
        /* We are creating a volume inside a pre-existing container.
         * so st->sb is already set.
         */
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        unsigned int sector_size = super->sector_size;
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
        struct intel_dev *dv;
        struct imsm_dev *dev;
        struct imsm_vol *vol;
        struct imsm_map *map;
        int idx = mpb->num_raid_devs;
        int i;
        int namelen;
        unsigned long long array_blocks;
        size_t size_old, size_new;
        unsigned long long num_data_stripes;
        unsigned int data_disks;
        unsigned long long size_per_member;

        if (super->orom && mpb->num_raid_devs >= super->orom->vpa) {
                pr_err("This imsm-container already has the maximum of %d volumes\n", super->orom->vpa);
                return 0;
        }

        /* ensure the mpb is large enough for the new data */
        size_old = __le32_to_cpu(mpb->mpb_size);
        size_new = disks_to_mpb_size(info->nr_disks);
        if (size_new > size_old) {
                void *mpb_new;
                size_t size_round = ROUND_UP(size_new, sector_size);

                if (posix_memalign(&mpb_new, sector_size, size_round) != 0) {
                        pr_err("could not allocate new mpb\n");
                        return 0;
                }
                if (posix_memalign(&super->migr_rec_buf, MAX_SECTOR_SIZE,
                                   MIGR_REC_BUF_SECTORS*
                                   MAX_SECTOR_SIZE) != 0) {
                        pr_err("could not allocate migr_rec buffer\n");
                        free(super->buf);
                        free(super);
                        free(mpb_new);
                        return 0;
                }
                memcpy(mpb_new, mpb, size_old);
                free(mpb);
                mpb = mpb_new;
                super->anchor = mpb_new;
                mpb->mpb_size = __cpu_to_le32(size_new);
                memset(mpb_new + size_old, 0, size_round - size_old);
                super->len = size_round;
        }
        super->current_vol = idx;

        /* handle 'failed_disks' by either:
         * a) create dummy disk entries in the table if this the first
         *    volume in the array.  We add them here as this is the only
         *    opportunity to add them. add_to_super_imsm_volume()
         *    handles the non-failed disks and continues incrementing
         *    mpb->num_disks.
         * b) validate that 'failed_disks' matches the current number
         *    of missing disks if the container is populated
         */
        if (super->current_vol == 0) {
                mpb->num_disks = 0;
                for (i = 0; i < info->failed_disks; i++) {
                        struct imsm_disk *disk;

                        mpb->num_disks++;
                        disk = __get_imsm_disk(mpb, i);
                        disk->status = CONFIGURED_DISK | FAILED_DISK;
                        disk->scsi_id = __cpu_to_le32(~(__u32)0);
                        snprintf((char *) disk->serial, MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN,
                                 "missing:%d", (__u8)i);
                }
                find_missing(super);
        } else {
                int missing = 0;
                struct dl *d;

                for (d = super->missing; d; d = d->next)
                        missing++;
                if (info->failed_disks > missing) {
                        pr_err("unable to add 'missing' disk to container\n");
                        return 0;
                }
        }

        if (!check_name(super, name, 0))
                return 0;
        dv = xmalloc(sizeof(*dv));
        dev = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*dev) + sizeof(__u32) * (info->raid_disks - 1));
        /*
         * Explicitly allow truncating to not confuse gcc's
         * -Werror=stringop-truncation
         */
        namelen = min((int) strlen(name), MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN);
        memcpy(dev->volume, name, namelen);
        array_blocks = calc_array_size(info->level, info->raid_disks,
                                               info->layout, info->chunk_size,
                                               s->size * BLOCKS_PER_KB);
        data_disks = get_data_disks(info->level, info->layout,
                                    info->raid_disks);
        array_blocks = round_size_to_mb(array_blocks, data_disks);
        size_per_member = array_blocks / data_disks;

        set_imsm_dev_size(dev, array_blocks);
        dev->status = (DEV_READ_COALESCING | DEV_WRITE_COALESCING);
        vol = &dev->vol;
        vol->migr_state = 0;
        set_migr_type(dev, MIGR_INIT);
        vol->dirty = !info->state;
        vol->curr_migr_unit = 0;
        map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
        set_pba_of_lba0(map, super->create_offset);
        map->blocks_per_strip = __cpu_to_le16(info_to_blocks_per_strip(info));
        map->failed_disk_num = ~0;
        if (info->level > 0)
                map->map_state = (info->state ? IMSM_T_STATE_NORMAL
                                  : IMSM_T_STATE_UNINITIALIZED);
        else
                map->map_state = info->failed_disks ? IMSM_T_STATE_FAILED :
                                                      IMSM_T_STATE_NORMAL;
        map->ddf = 1;

        if (info->level == 1 && info->raid_disks > 2) {
                free(dev);
                free(dv);
                pr_err("imsm does not support more than 2 disksin a raid1 volume\n");
                return 0;
        }

        map->raid_level = info->level;
        if (info->level == 10) {
                map->raid_level = 1;
                map->num_domains = info->raid_disks / 2;
        } else if (info->level == 1)
                map->num_domains = info->raid_disks;
        else
                map->num_domains = 1;

        /* info->size is only int so use the 'size' parameter instead */
        num_data_stripes = size_per_member / info_to_blocks_per_strip(info);
        num_data_stripes /= map->num_domains;
        set_num_data_stripes(map, num_data_stripes);

        size_per_member += NUM_BLOCKS_DIRTY_STRIPE_REGION;
        set_blocks_per_member(map, info_to_blocks_per_member(info,
                                                             size_per_member /
                                                             BLOCKS_PER_KB));

        map->num_members = info->raid_disks;
        for (i = 0; i < map->num_members; i++) {
                /* initialized in add_to_super */
                set_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(map, i, IMSM_ORD_REBUILD);
        }
        mpb->num_raid_devs++;
        mpb->num_raid_devs_created++;
        dev->my_vol_raid_dev_num = mpb->num_raid_devs_created;

        if (s->consistency_policy <= CONSISTENCY_POLICY_RESYNC) {
                dev->rwh_policy = RWH_MULTIPLE_OFF;
        } else if (s->consistency_policy == CONSISTENCY_POLICY_PPL) {
                dev->rwh_policy = RWH_MULTIPLE_DISTRIBUTED;
        } else {
                free(dev);
                free(dv);
                pr_err("imsm does not support consistency policy %s\n",
                       map_num(consistency_policies, s->consistency_policy));
                return 0;
        }

        dv->dev = dev;
        dv->index = super->current_vol;
        dv->next = super->devlist;
        super->devlist = dv;

        imsm_update_version_info(super);

        return 1;
}

static int init_super_imsm(struct supertype *st, mdu_array_info_t *info,
                           struct shape *s, char *name,
                           char *homehost, int *uuid,
                           unsigned long long data_offset)
{
        /* This is primarily called by Create when creating a new array.
         * We will then get add_to_super called for each component, and then
         * write_init_super called to write it out to each device.
         * For IMSM, Create can create on fresh devices or on a pre-existing
         * array.
         * To create on a pre-existing array a different method will be called.
         * This one is just for fresh drives.
         */
        struct intel_super *super;
        struct imsm_super *mpb;
        size_t mpb_size;
        char *version;

        if (data_offset != INVALID_SECTORS) {
                pr_err("data-offset not supported by imsm\n");
                return 0;
        }

        if (st->sb)
                return init_super_imsm_volume(st, info, s, name, homehost, uuid,
                                              data_offset);

        if (info)
                mpb_size = disks_to_mpb_size(info->nr_disks);
        else
                mpb_size = MAX_SECTOR_SIZE;

        super = alloc_super();
        if (super &&
            posix_memalign(&super->buf, MAX_SECTOR_SIZE, mpb_size) != 0) {
                free_imsm(super);
                super = NULL;
        }
        if (!super) {
                pr_err("could not allocate superblock\n");
                return 0;
        }
        if (posix_memalign(&super->migr_rec_buf, MAX_SECTOR_SIZE,
            MIGR_REC_BUF_SECTORS*MAX_SECTOR_SIZE) != 0) {
                pr_err("could not allocate migr_rec buffer\n");
                free(super->buf);
                free_imsm(super);
                return 0;
        }
        memset(super->buf, 0, mpb_size);
        mpb = super->buf;
        mpb->mpb_size = __cpu_to_le32(mpb_size);
        st->sb = super;

        if (info == NULL) {
                /* zeroing superblock */
                return 0;
        }

        mpb->attributes = MPB_ATTRIB_CHECKSUM_VERIFY;

        version = (char *) mpb->sig;
        strcpy(version, MPB_SIGNATURE);
        version += strlen(MPB_SIGNATURE);
        strcpy(version, MPB_VERSION_RAID0);

        return 1;
}

static int drive_validate_sector_size(struct intel_super *super, struct dl *dl)
{
        unsigned int member_sector_size;

        if (dl->fd < 0) {
                pr_err("Invalid file descriptor for %s\n", dl->devname);
                return 0;
        }

        if (!get_dev_sector_size(dl->fd, dl->devname, &member_sector_size))
                return 0;
        if (member_sector_size != super->sector_size)
                return 0;
        return 1;
}

static int add_to_super_imsm_volume(struct supertype *st, mdu_disk_info_t *dk,
                                     int fd, char *devname)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
        struct imsm_disk *_disk;
        struct imsm_dev *dev;
        struct imsm_map *map;
        struct dl *dl, *df;
        int slot;

        dev = get_imsm_dev(super, super->current_vol);
        map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);

        if (! (dk->state & (1<<MD_DISK_SYNC))) {
                pr_err("%s: Cannot add spare devices to IMSM volume\n",
                        devname);
                return 1;
        }

        if (fd == -1) {
                /* we're doing autolayout so grab the pre-marked (in
                 * validate_geometry) raid_disk
                 */
                for (dl = super->disks; dl; dl = dl->next)
                        if (dl->raiddisk == dk->raid_disk)
                                break;
        } else {
                for (dl = super->disks; dl ; dl = dl->next)
                        if (dl->major == dk->major &&
                            dl->minor == dk->minor)
                                break;
        }

        if (!dl) {
                pr_err("%s is not a member of the same container\n", devname);
                return 1;
        }

        if (mpb->num_disks == 0)
                if (!get_dev_sector_size(dl->fd, dl->devname,
                                         &super->sector_size))
                        return 1;

        if (!drive_validate_sector_size(super, dl)) {
                pr_err("Combining drives of different sector size in one volume is not allowed\n");
                return 1;
        }

        /* add a pristine spare to the metadata */
        if (dl->index < 0) {
                dl->index = super->anchor->num_disks;
                super->anchor->num_disks++;
        }
        /* Check the device has not already been added */
        slot = get_imsm_disk_slot(map, dl->index);
        if (slot >= 0 &&
            (get_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(dev, slot, MAP_X) & IMSM_ORD_REBUILD) == 0) {
                pr_err("%s has been included in this array twice\n",
                        devname);
                return 1;
        }
        set_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(map, dk->raid_disk, dl->index);
        dl->disk.status = CONFIGURED_DISK;

        /* update size of 'missing' disks to be at least as large as the
         * largest acitve member (we only have dummy missing disks when
         * creating the first volume)
         */
        if (super->current_vol == 0) {
                for (df = super->missing; df; df = df->next) {
                        if (total_blocks(&dl->disk) > total_blocks(&df->disk))
                                set_total_blocks(&df->disk, total_blocks(&dl->disk));
                        _disk = __get_imsm_disk(mpb, df->index);
                        *_disk = df->disk;
                }
        }

        /* refresh unset/failed slots to point to valid 'missing' entries */
        for (df = super->missing; df; df = df->next)
                for (slot = 0; slot < mpb->num_disks; slot++) {
                        __u32 ord = get_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(dev, slot, MAP_X);

                        if ((ord & IMSM_ORD_REBUILD) == 0)
                                continue;
                        set_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(map, slot, df->index | IMSM_ORD_REBUILD);
                        if (is_gen_migration(dev)) {
                                struct imsm_map *map2 = get_imsm_map(dev,
                                                                     MAP_1);
                                int slot2 = get_imsm_disk_slot(map2, df->index);
                                if (slot2 < map2->num_members && slot2 >= 0) {
                                        __u32 ord2 = get_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(dev,
                                                                         slot2,
                                                                         MAP_1);
                                        if ((unsigned)df->index ==
                                                               ord_to_idx(ord2))
                                                set_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(map2,
                                                        slot2,
                                                        df->index |
                                                        IMSM_ORD_REBUILD);
                                }
                        }
                        dprintf("set slot:%d to missing disk:%d\n", slot, df->index);
                        break;
                }

        /* if we are creating the first raid device update the family number */
        if (super->current_vol == 0) {
                __u32 sum;
                struct imsm_dev *_dev = __get_imsm_dev(mpb, 0);

                _disk = __get_imsm_disk(mpb, dl->index);
                if (!_dev || !_disk) {
                        pr_err("BUG mpb setup error\n");
                        return 1;
                }
                *_dev = *dev;
                *_disk = dl->disk;
                sum = random32();
                sum += __gen_imsm_checksum(mpb);
                mpb->family_num = __cpu_to_le32(sum);
                mpb->orig_family_num = mpb->family_num;
                mpb->creation_time = __cpu_to_le64((__u64)time(NULL));
        }
        super->current_disk = dl;
        return 0;
}

/* mark_spare()
 *   Function marks disk as spare and restores disk serial
 *   in case it was previously marked as failed by takeover operation
 * reruns:
 *   -1 : critical error
 *    0 : disk is marked as spare but serial is not set
 *    1 : success
 */
int mark_spare(struct dl *disk)
{
        __u8 serial[MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN];
        int ret_val = -1;

        if (!disk)
                return ret_val;

        ret_val = 0;
        if (!imsm_read_serial(disk->fd, NULL, serial, MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN)) {
                /* Restore disk serial number, because takeover marks disk
                 * as failed and adds to serial ':0' before it becomes
                 * a spare disk.
                 */
                serialcpy(disk->serial, serial);
                serialcpy(disk->disk.serial, serial);
                ret_val = 1;
        }
        disk->disk.status = SPARE_DISK;
        disk->index = -1;

        return ret_val;
}


static int write_super_imsm_spare(struct intel_super *super, struct dl *d);

static int add_to_super_imsm(struct supertype *st, mdu_disk_info_t *dk,
                             int fd, char *devname,
                             unsigned long long data_offset)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct dl *dd;
        unsigned long long size;
        unsigned int member_sector_size;
        __u32 id;
        int rv;
        struct stat stb;

        /* If we are on an RAID enabled platform check that the disk is
         * attached to the raid controller.
         * We do not need to test disks attachment for container based additions,
         * they shall be already tested when container was created/assembled.
         */
        rv = find_intel_hba_capability(fd, super, devname);
        /* no orom/efi or non-intel hba of the disk */
        if (rv != 0) {
                dprintf("capability: %p fd: %d ret: %d\n",
                        super->orom, fd, rv);
                return 1;
        }

        if (super->current_vol >= 0)
                return add_to_super_imsm_volume(st, dk, fd, devname);

        fstat(fd, &stb);
        dd = xcalloc(sizeof(*dd), 1);
        dd->major = major(stb.st_rdev);
        dd->minor = minor(stb.st_rdev);
        dd->devname = devname ? xstrdup(devname) : NULL;
        dd->fd = fd;
        dd->e = NULL;
        dd->action = DISK_ADD;
        rv = imsm_read_serial(fd, devname, dd->serial, MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN);
        if (rv) {
                pr_err("failed to retrieve scsi serial, aborting\n");
                if (dd->devname)
                        free(dd->devname);
                free(dd);
                abort();
        }
        if (super->hba && ((super->hba->type == SYS_DEV_NVME) ||
           (super->hba->type == SYS_DEV_VMD))) {
                int i;
                char *devpath = diskfd_to_devpath(fd);
                char controller_path[PATH_MAX];

                if (!devpath) {
                        pr_err("failed to get devpath, aborting\n");
                        if (dd->devname)
                                free(dd->devname);
                        free(dd);
                        return 1;
                }

                snprintf(controller_path, PATH_MAX-1, "%s/device", devpath);
                free(devpath);

                if (!imsm_is_nvme_supported(dd->fd, 1)) {
                        if (dd->devname)
                                free(dd->devname);
                        free(dd);
                        return 1;
                }

                if (devpath_to_vendor(controller_path) == 0x8086) {
                        /*
                         * If Intel's NVMe drive has serial ended with
                         * "-A","-B","-1" or "-2" it means that this is "x8"
                         * device (double drive on single PCIe card).
                         * User should be warned about potential data loss.
                         */
                        for (i = MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN-1; i > 0; i--) {
                                /* Skip empty character at the end */
                                if (dd->serial[i] == 0)
                                        continue;

                                if (((dd->serial[i] == 'A') ||
                                   (dd->serial[i] == 'B') ||
                                   (dd->serial[i] == '1') ||
                                   (dd->serial[i] == '2')) &&
                                   (dd->serial[i-1] == '-'))
                                        pr_err("\tThe action you are about to take may put your data at risk.\n"
                                                "\tPlease note that x8 devices may consist of two separate x4 devices "
                                                "located on a single PCIe port.\n"
                                                "\tRAID 0 is the only supported configuration for this type of x8 device.\n");
                                break;
                        }
                } else if (super->hba->type == SYS_DEV_VMD && super->orom &&
                    !imsm_orom_has_tpv_support(super->orom)) {
                        pr_err("\tPlatform configuration does not support non-Intel NVMe drives.\n"
                               "\tPlease refer to Intel(R) RSTe/VROC user guide.\n");
                        free(dd->devname);
                        free(dd);
                        return 1;
                }
        }

        get_dev_size(fd, NULL, &size);
        get_dev_sector_size(fd, NULL, &member_sector_size);

        if (super->sector_size == 0) {
                /* this a first device, so sector_size is not set yet */
                super->sector_size = member_sector_size;
        }

        /* clear migr_rec when adding disk to container */
        memset(super->migr_rec_buf, 0, MIGR_REC_BUF_SECTORS*MAX_SECTOR_SIZE);
        if (lseek64(fd, size - MIGR_REC_SECTOR_POSITION*member_sector_size,
            SEEK_SET) >= 0) {
                if ((unsigned int)write(fd, super->migr_rec_buf,
                    MIGR_REC_BUF_SECTORS*member_sector_size) !=
                    MIGR_REC_BUF_SECTORS*member_sector_size)
                        perror("Write migr_rec failed");
        }

        size /= 512;
        serialcpy(dd->disk.serial, dd->serial);
        set_total_blocks(&dd->disk, size);
        if (__le32_to_cpu(dd->disk.total_blocks_hi) > 0) {
                struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
                mpb->attributes |= MPB_ATTRIB_2TB_DISK;
        }
        mark_spare(dd);
        if (sysfs_disk_to_scsi_id(fd, &id) == 0)
                dd->disk.scsi_id = __cpu_to_le32(id);
        else
                dd->disk.scsi_id = __cpu_to_le32(0);

        if (st->update_tail) {
                dd->next = super->disk_mgmt_list;
                super->disk_mgmt_list = dd;
        } else {
                /* this is called outside of mdmon
                 * write initial spare metadata
                 * mdmon will overwrite it.
                 */
                dd->next = super->disks;
                super->disks = dd;
                write_super_imsm_spare(super, dd);
        }

        return 0;
}

static int remove_from_super_imsm(struct supertype *st, mdu_disk_info_t *dk)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct dl *dd;

        /* remove from super works only in mdmon - for communication
         * manager - monitor. Check if communication memory buffer
         * is prepared.
         */
        if (!st->update_tail) {
                pr_err("shall be used in mdmon context only\n");
                return 1;
        }
        dd = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*dd));
        dd->major = dk->major;
        dd->minor = dk->minor;
        dd->fd = -1;
        mark_spare(dd);
        dd->action = DISK_REMOVE;

        dd->next = super->disk_mgmt_list;
        super->disk_mgmt_list = dd;

        return 0;
}

static int store_imsm_mpb(int fd, struct imsm_super *mpb);

static union {
        char buf[MAX_SECTOR_SIZE];
        struct imsm_super anchor;
} spare_record __attribute__ ((aligned(MAX_SECTOR_SIZE)));


static int write_super_imsm_spare(struct intel_super *super, struct dl *d)
{
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
        struct imsm_super *spare = &spare_record.anchor;
        __u32 sum;

        if (d->index != -1)
                return 1;

        spare->mpb_size = __cpu_to_le32(sizeof(struct imsm_super));
        spare->generation_num = __cpu_to_le32(1UL);
        spare->attributes = MPB_ATTRIB_CHECKSUM_VERIFY;
        spare->num_disks = 1;
        spare->num_raid_devs = 0;
        spare->cache_size = mpb->cache_size;
        spare->pwr_cycle_count = __cpu_to_le32(1);

        snprintf((char *) spare->sig, MAX_SIGNATURE_LENGTH,
                 MPB_SIGNATURE MPB_VERSION_RAID0);

        spare->disk[0] = d->disk;
        if (__le32_to_cpu(d->disk.total_blocks_hi) > 0)
                spare->attributes |= MPB_ATTRIB_2TB_DISK;

        if (super->sector_size == 4096)
                convert_to_4k_imsm_disk(&spare->disk[0]);

        sum = __gen_imsm_checksum(spare);
        spare->family_num = __cpu_to_le32(sum);
        spare->orig_family_num = 0;
        sum = __gen_imsm_checksum(spare);
        spare->check_sum = __cpu_to_le32(sum);

        if (store_imsm_mpb(d->fd, spare)) {
                pr_err("failed for device %d:%d %s\n",
                        d->major, d->minor, strerror(errno));
                return 1;
        }

        return 0;
}
/* spare records have their own family number and do not have any defined raid
 * devices
 */
static int write_super_imsm_spares(struct intel_super *super, int doclose)
{
        struct dl *d;

        for (d = super->disks; d; d = d->next) {
                if (d->index != -1)
                        continue;

                if (write_super_imsm_spare(super, d))
                        return 1;

                if (doclose) {
                        close(d->fd);
                        d->fd = -1;
                }
        }

        return 0;
}

static int write_super_imsm(struct supertype *st, int doclose)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        unsigned int sector_size = super->sector_size;
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
        struct dl *d;
        __u32 generation;
        __u32 sum;
        int spares = 0;
        int i;
        __u32 mpb_size = sizeof(struct imsm_super) - sizeof(struct imsm_disk);
        int num_disks = 0;
        int clear_migration_record = 1;
        __u32 bbm_log_size;

        /* 'generation' is incremented everytime the metadata is written */
        generation = __le32_to_cpu(mpb->generation_num);
        generation++;
        mpb->generation_num = __cpu_to_le32(generation);

        /* fix up cases where previous mdadm releases failed to set
         * orig_family_num
         */
        if (mpb->orig_family_num == 0)
                mpb->orig_family_num = mpb->family_num;

        for (d = super->disks; d; d = d->next) {
                if (d->index == -1)
                        spares++;
                else {
                        mpb->disk[d->index] = d->disk;
                        num_disks++;
                }
        }
        for (d = super->missing; d; d = d->next) {
                mpb->disk[d->index] = d->disk;
                num_disks++;
        }
        mpb->num_disks = num_disks;
        mpb_size += sizeof(struct imsm_disk) * mpb->num_disks;

        for (i = 0; i < mpb->num_raid_devs; i++) {
                struct imsm_dev *dev = __get_imsm_dev(mpb, i);
                struct imsm_dev *dev2 = get_imsm_dev(super, i);
                if (dev && dev2) {
                        imsm_copy_dev(dev, dev2);
                        mpb_size += sizeof_imsm_dev(dev, 0);
                }
                if (is_gen_migration(dev2))
                        clear_migration_record = 0;
        }

        bbm_log_size = get_imsm_bbm_log_size(super->bbm_log);

        if (bbm_log_size) {
                memcpy((void *)mpb + mpb_size, super->bbm_log, bbm_log_size);
                mpb->attributes |= MPB_ATTRIB_BBM;
        } else
                mpb->attributes &= ~MPB_ATTRIB_BBM;

        super->anchor->bbm_log_size = __cpu_to_le32(bbm_log_size);
        mpb_size += bbm_log_size;
        mpb->mpb_size = __cpu_to_le32(mpb_size);

#ifdef DEBUG
        assert(super->len == 0 || mpb_size <= super->len);
#endif

        /* recalculate checksum */
        sum = __gen_imsm_checksum(mpb);
        mpb->check_sum = __cpu_to_le32(sum);

        if (super->clean_migration_record_by_mdmon) {
                clear_migration_record = 1;
                super->clean_migration_record_by_mdmon = 0;
        }
        if (clear_migration_record)
                memset(super->migr_rec_buf, 0,
                    MIGR_REC_BUF_SECTORS*MAX_SECTOR_SIZE);

        if (sector_size == 4096)
                convert_to_4k(super);

        /* write the mpb for disks that compose raid devices */
        for (d = super->disks; d ; d = d->next) {
                if (d->index < 0 || is_failed(&d->disk))
                        continue;

                if (clear_migration_record) {
                        unsigned long long dsize;

                        get_dev_size(d->fd, NULL, &dsize);
                        if (lseek64(d->fd, dsize - sector_size,
                            SEEK_SET) >= 0) {
                                if ((unsigned int)write(d->fd,
                                    super->migr_rec_buf,
                                    MIGR_REC_BUF_SECTORS*sector_size) !=
                                    MIGR_REC_BUF_SECTORS*sector_size)
                                        perror("Write migr_rec failed");
                        }
                }

                if (store_imsm_mpb(d->fd, mpb))
                        fprintf(stderr,
                                "failed for device %d:%d (fd: %d)%s\n",
                                d->major, d->minor,
                                d->fd, strerror(errno));

                if (doclose) {
                        close(d->fd);
                        d->fd = -1;
                }
        }

        if (spares)
                return write_super_imsm_spares(super, doclose);

        return 0;
}

static int create_array(struct supertype *st, int dev_idx)
{
        size_t len;
        struct imsm_update_create_array *u;
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, dev_idx);
        struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
        struct disk_info *inf;
        struct imsm_disk *disk;
        int i;

        len = sizeof(*u) - sizeof(*dev) + sizeof_imsm_dev(dev, 0) +
              sizeof(*inf) * map->num_members;
        u = xmalloc(len);
        u->type = update_create_array;
        u->dev_idx = dev_idx;
        imsm_copy_dev(&u->dev, dev);
        inf = get_disk_info(u);
        for (i = 0; i < map->num_members; i++) {
                int idx = get_imsm_disk_idx(dev, i, MAP_X);

                disk = get_imsm_disk(super, idx);
                if (!disk)
                        disk = get_imsm_missing(super, idx);
                serialcpy(inf[i].serial, disk->serial);
        }
        append_metadata_update(st, u, len);

        return 0;
}

static int mgmt_disk(struct supertype *st)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        size_t len;
        struct imsm_update_add_remove_disk *u;

        if (!super->disk_mgmt_list)
                return 0;

        len = sizeof(*u);
        u = xmalloc(len);
        u->type = update_add_remove_disk;
        append_metadata_update(st, u, len);

        return 0;
}

__u32 crc32c_le(__u32 crc, unsigned char const *p, size_t len);

static int write_ppl_header(unsigned long long ppl_sector, int fd, void *buf)
{
        struct ppl_header *ppl_hdr = buf;
        int ret;

        ppl_hdr->checksum = __cpu_to_le32(~crc32c_le(~0, buf, PPL_HEADER_SIZE));

        if (lseek64(fd, ppl_sector * 512, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
                ret = -errno;
                perror("Failed to seek to PPL header location");
                return ret;
        }

        if (write(fd, buf, PPL_HEADER_SIZE) != PPL_HEADER_SIZE) {
                ret = -errno;
                perror("Write PPL header failed");
                return ret;
        }

        fsync(fd);

        return 0;
}

static int write_init_ppl_imsm(struct supertype *st, struct mdinfo *info, int fd)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        void *buf;
        struct ppl_header *ppl_hdr;
        int ret;

        /* first clear entire ppl space */
        ret = zero_disk_range(fd, info->ppl_sector, info->ppl_size);
        if (ret)
                return ret;

        ret = posix_memalign(&buf, MAX_SECTOR_SIZE, PPL_HEADER_SIZE);
        if (ret) {
                pr_err("Failed to allocate PPL header buffer\n");
                return -ret;
        }

        memset(buf, 0, PPL_HEADER_SIZE);
        ppl_hdr = buf;
        memset(ppl_hdr->reserved, 0xff, PPL_HDR_RESERVED);
        ppl_hdr->signature = __cpu_to_le32(super->anchor->orig_family_num);

        if (info->mismatch_cnt) {
                /*
                 * We are overwriting an invalid ppl. Make one entry with wrong
                 * checksum to prevent the kernel from skipping resync.
                 */
                ppl_hdr->entries_count = __cpu_to_le32(1);
                ppl_hdr->entries[0].checksum = ~0;
        }

        ret = write_ppl_header(info->ppl_sector, fd, buf);

        free(buf);
        return ret;
}

static int is_rebuilding(struct imsm_dev *dev);

static int validate_ppl_imsm(struct supertype *st, struct mdinfo *info,
                             struct mdinfo *disk)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct dl *d;
        void *buf_orig, *buf, *buf_prev = NULL;
        int ret = 0;
        struct ppl_header *ppl_hdr = NULL;
        __u32 crc;
        struct imsm_dev *dev;
        __u32 idx;
        unsigned int i;
        unsigned long long ppl_offset = 0;
        unsigned long long prev_gen_num = 0;

        if (disk->disk.raid_disk < 0)
                return 0;

        dev = get_imsm_dev(super, info->container_member);
        idx = get_imsm_disk_idx(dev, disk->disk.raid_disk, MAP_0);
        d = get_imsm_dl_disk(super, idx);

        if (!d || d->index < 0 || is_failed(&d->disk))
                return 0;

        if (posix_memalign(&buf_orig, MAX_SECTOR_SIZE, PPL_HEADER_SIZE * 2)) {
                pr_err("Failed to allocate PPL header buffer\n");
                return -1;
        }
        buf = buf_orig;

        ret = 1;
        while (ppl_offset < MULTIPLE_PPL_AREA_SIZE_IMSM) {
                void *tmp;

                dprintf("Checking potential PPL at offset: %llu\n", ppl_offset);

                if (lseek64(d->fd, info->ppl_sector * 512 + ppl_offset,
                            SEEK_SET) < 0) {
                        perror("Failed to seek to PPL header location");
                        ret = -1;
                        break;
                }

                if (read(d->fd, buf, PPL_HEADER_SIZE) != PPL_HEADER_SIZE) {
                        perror("Read PPL header failed");
                        ret = -1;
                        break;
                }

                ppl_hdr = buf;

                crc = __le32_to_cpu(ppl_hdr->checksum);
                ppl_hdr->checksum = 0;

                if (crc != ~crc32c_le(~0, buf, PPL_HEADER_SIZE)) {
                        dprintf("Wrong PPL header checksum on %s\n",
                                d->devname);
                        break;
                }

                if (prev_gen_num > __le64_to_cpu(ppl_hdr->generation)) {
                        /* previous was newest, it was already checked */
                        break;
                }

                if ((__le32_to_cpu(ppl_hdr->signature) !=
                              super->anchor->orig_family_num)) {
                        dprintf("Wrong PPL header signature on %s\n",
                                d->devname);
                        ret = 1;
                        break;
                }

                ret = 0;
                prev_gen_num = __le64_to_cpu(ppl_hdr->generation);

                ppl_offset += PPL_HEADER_SIZE;
                for (i = 0; i < __le32_to_cpu(ppl_hdr->entries_count); i++)
                        ppl_offset +=
                                   __le32_to_cpu(ppl_hdr->entries[i].pp_size);

                if (!buf_prev)
                        buf_prev = buf + PPL_HEADER_SIZE;
                tmp = buf_prev;
                buf_prev = buf;
                buf = tmp;
        }

        if (buf_prev) {
                buf = buf_prev;
                ppl_hdr = buf_prev;
        }

        /*
         * Update metadata to use mutliple PPLs area (1MB).
         * This is done once for all RAID members
         */
        if (info->consistency_policy == CONSISTENCY_POLICY_PPL &&
            info->ppl_size != (MULTIPLE_PPL_AREA_SIZE_IMSM >> 9)) {
                char subarray[20];
                struct mdinfo *member_dev;

                sprintf(subarray, "%d", info->container_member);

                if (mdmon_running(st->container_devnm))
                        st->update_tail = &st->updates;

                if (st->ss->update_subarray(st, subarray, "ppl", NULL)) {
                        pr_err("Failed to update subarray %s\n",
                              subarray);
                } else {
                        if (st->update_tail)
                                flush_metadata_updates(st);
                        else
                                st->ss->sync_metadata(st);
                        info->ppl_size = (MULTIPLE_PPL_AREA_SIZE_IMSM >> 9);
                        for (member_dev = info->devs; member_dev;
                             member_dev = member_dev->next)
                                member_dev->ppl_size =
                                    (MULTIPLE_PPL_AREA_SIZE_IMSM >> 9);
                }
        }

        if (ret == 1) {
                struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_X);

                if (map->map_state == IMSM_T_STATE_UNINITIALIZED ||
                   (map->map_state == IMSM_T_STATE_NORMAL &&
                   !(dev->vol.dirty & RAIDVOL_DIRTY)) ||
                   (is_rebuilding(dev) &&
                    dev->vol.curr_migr_unit == 0 &&
                    get_imsm_disk_idx(dev, disk->disk.raid_disk, MAP_1) != idx))
                        ret = st->ss->write_init_ppl(st, info, d->fd);
                else
                        info->mismatch_cnt++;
        } else if (ret == 0 &&
                   ppl_hdr->entries_count == 0 &&
                   is_rebuilding(dev) &&
                   info->resync_start == 0) {
                /*
                 * The header has no entries - add a single empty entry and
                 * rewrite the header to prevent the kernel from going into
                 * resync after an interrupted rebuild.
                 */
                ppl_hdr->entries_count = __cpu_to_le32(1);
                ret = write_ppl_header(info->ppl_sector, d->fd, buf);
        }

        free(buf_orig);

        return ret;
}

static int write_init_ppl_imsm_all(struct supertype *st, struct mdinfo *info)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct dl *d;
        int ret = 0;

        if (info->consistency_policy != CONSISTENCY_POLICY_PPL ||
            info->array.level != 5)
                return 0;

        for (d = super->disks; d ; d = d->next) {
                if (d->index < 0 || is_failed(&d->disk))
                        continue;

                ret = st->ss->write_init_ppl(st, info, d->fd);
                if (ret)
                        break;
        }

        return ret;
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    write_init_bitmap_imsm_vol
 * Description: Write a bitmap header and prepares the area for the bitmap.
 * Parameters:
 *      st      : supertype information
 *      vol_idx : the volume index to use
 *
 * Returns:
 *       0 : success
 *      -1 : fail
 ******************************************************************************/
static int write_init_bitmap_imsm_vol(struct supertype *st, int vol_idx)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        int prev_current_vol = super->current_vol;
        struct dl *d;
        int ret = 0;

        super->current_vol = vol_idx;
        for (d = super->disks; d; d = d->next) {
                if (d->index < 0 || is_failed(&d->disk))
                        continue;
                ret = st->ss->write_bitmap(st, d->fd, NoUpdate);
                if (ret)
                        break;
        }
        super->current_vol = prev_current_vol;
        return ret;
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    write_init_bitmap_imsm_all
 * Description: Write a bitmap header and prepares the area for the bitmap.
 *              Operation is executed for volumes with CONSISTENCY_POLICY_BITMAP.
 * Parameters:
 *      st      : supertype information
 *      info    : info about the volume where the bitmap should be written
 *      vol_idx : the volume index to use
 *
 * Returns:
 *       0 : success
 *      -1 : fail
 ******************************************************************************/
static int write_init_bitmap_imsm_all(struct supertype *st, struct mdinfo *info,
                                      int vol_idx)
{
        int ret = 0;

        if (info && (info->consistency_policy == CONSISTENCY_POLICY_BITMAP))
                ret = write_init_bitmap_imsm_vol(st, vol_idx);

        return ret;
}

static int write_init_super_imsm(struct supertype *st)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        int current_vol = super->current_vol;
        int rv = 0;
        struct mdinfo info;

        getinfo_super_imsm(st, &info, NULL);

        /* we are done with current_vol reset it to point st at the container */
        super->current_vol = -1;

        if (st->update_tail) {
                /* queue the recently created array / added disk
                 * as a metadata update */

                /* determine if we are creating a volume or adding a disk */
                if (current_vol < 0) {
                        /* in the mgmt (add/remove) disk case we are running
                         * in mdmon context, so don't close fd's
                         */
                        rv = mgmt_disk(st);
                } else {
                        /* adding the second volume to the array */
                        rv = write_init_ppl_imsm_all(st, &info);
                        if (!rv)
                                rv = write_init_bitmap_imsm_all(st, &info, current_vol);
                        if (!rv)
                                rv = create_array(st, current_vol);
                }
        } else {
                struct dl *d;
                for (d = super->disks; d; d = d->next)
                        Kill(d->devname, NULL, 0, -1, 1);
                if (current_vol >= 0) {
                        rv = write_init_ppl_imsm_all(st, &info);
                        if (!rv)
                                rv = write_init_bitmap_imsm_all(st, &info, current_vol);
                }

                if (!rv)
                        rv = write_super_imsm(st, 1);
        }

        return rv;
}

static int store_super_imsm(struct supertype *st, int fd)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super ? super->anchor : NULL;

        if (!mpb)
                return 1;

        if (super->sector_size == 4096)
                convert_to_4k(super);
        return store_imsm_mpb(fd, mpb);
}

static int validate_geometry_imsm_container(struct supertype *st, int level,
                                            int layout, int raiddisks, int chunk,
                                            unsigned long long size,
                                            unsigned long long data_offset,
                                            char *dev,
                                            unsigned long long *freesize,
                                            int verbose)
{
        int fd;
        unsigned long long ldsize;
        struct intel_super *super;
        int rv = 0;

        if (level != LEVEL_CONTAINER)
                return 0;
        if (!dev)
                return 1;

        fd = open(dev, O_RDONLY|O_EXCL, 0);
        if (fd < 0) {
                if (verbose > 0)
                        pr_err("imsm: Cannot open %s: %s\n",
                                dev, strerror(errno));
                return 0;
        }
        if (!get_dev_size(fd, dev, &ldsize)) {
                close(fd);
                return 0;
        }

        /* capabilities retrieve could be possible
         * note that there is no fd for the disks in array.
         */
        super = alloc_super();
        if (!super) {
                close(fd);
                return 0;
        }
        if (!get_dev_sector_size(fd, NULL, &super->sector_size)) {
                close(fd);
                free_imsm(super);
                return 0;
        }

        rv = find_intel_hba_capability(fd, super, verbose > 0 ? dev : NULL);
        if (rv != 0) {
#if DEBUG
                char str[256];
                fd2devname(fd, str);
                dprintf("fd: %d %s orom: %p rv: %d raiddisk: %d\n",
                        fd, str, super->orom, rv, raiddisks);
#endif
                /* no orom/efi or non-intel hba of the disk */
                close(fd);
                free_imsm(super);
                return 0;
        }
        close(fd);
        if (super->orom) {
                if (raiddisks > super->orom->tds) {
                        if (verbose)
                                pr_err("%d exceeds maximum number of platform supported disks: %d\n",
                                        raiddisks, super->orom->tds);
                        free_imsm(super);
                        return 0;
                }
                if ((super->orom->attr & IMSM_OROM_ATTR_2TB_DISK) == 0 &&
                    (ldsize >> 9) >> 32 > 0) {
                        if (verbose)
                                pr_err("%s exceeds maximum platform supported size\n", dev);
                        free_imsm(super);
                        return 0;
                }
        }

        *freesize = avail_size_imsm(st, ldsize >> 9, data_offset);
        free_imsm(super);

        return 1;
}

static unsigned long long find_size(struct extent *e, int *idx, int num_extents)
{
        const unsigned long long base_start = e[*idx].start;
        unsigned long long end = base_start + e[*idx].size;
        int i;

        if (base_start == end)
                return 0;

        *idx = *idx + 1;
        for (i = *idx; i < num_extents; i++) {
                /* extend overlapping extents */
                if (e[i].start >= base_start &&
                    e[i].start <= end) {
                        if (e[i].size == 0)
                                return 0;
                        if (e[i].start + e[i].size > end)
                                end = e[i].start + e[i].size;
                } else if (e[i].start > end) {
                        *idx = i;
                        break;
                }
        }

        return end - base_start;
}

static unsigned long long merge_extents(struct intel_super *super, int sum_extents)
{
        /* build a composite disk with all known extents and generate a new
         * 'maxsize' given the "all disks in an array must share a common start
         * offset" constraint
         */
        struct extent *e = xcalloc(sum_extents, sizeof(*e));
        struct dl *dl;
        int i, j;
        int start_extent;
        unsigned long long pos;
        unsigned long long start = 0;
        unsigned long long maxsize;
        unsigned long reserve;

        /* coalesce and sort all extents. also, check to see if we need to
         * reserve space between member arrays
         */
        j = 0;
        for (dl = super->disks; dl; dl = dl->next) {
                if (!dl->e)
                        continue;
                for (i = 0; i < dl->extent_cnt; i++)
                        e[j++] = dl->e[i];
        }
        qsort(e, sum_extents, sizeof(*e), cmp_extent);

        /* merge extents */
        i = 0;
        j = 0;
        while (i < sum_extents) {
                e[j].start = e[i].start;
                e[j].size = find_size(e, &i, sum_extents);
                j++;
                if (e[j-1].size == 0)
                        break;
        }

        pos = 0;
        maxsize = 0;
        start_extent = 0;
        i = 0;
        do {
                unsigned long long esize;

                esize = e[i].start - pos;
                if (esize >= maxsize) {
                        maxsize = esize;
                        start = pos;
                        start_extent = i;
                }
                pos = e[i].start + e[i].size;
                i++;
        } while (e[i-1].size);
        free(e);

        if (maxsize == 0)
                return 0;

        /* FIXME assumes volume at offset 0 is the first volume in a
         * container
         */
        if (start_extent > 0)
                reserve = IMSM_RESERVED_SECTORS; /* gap between raid regions */
        else
                reserve = 0;

        if (maxsize < reserve)
                return 0;

        super->create_offset = ~((unsigned long long) 0);
        if (start + reserve > super->create_offset)
                return 0; /* start overflows create_offset */
        super->create_offset = start + reserve;

        return maxsize - reserve;
}

static int is_raid_level_supported(const struct imsm_orom *orom, int level, int raiddisks)
{
        if (level < 0 || level == 6 || level == 4)
                return 0;

        /* if we have an orom prevent invalid raid levels */
        if (orom)
                switch (level) {
                case 0: return imsm_orom_has_raid0(orom);
                case 1:
                        if (raiddisks > 2)
                                return imsm_orom_has_raid1e(orom);
                        return imsm_orom_has_raid1(orom) && raiddisks == 2;
                case 10: return imsm_orom_has_raid10(orom) && raiddisks == 4;
                case 5: return imsm_orom_has_raid5(orom) && raiddisks > 2;
                }
        else
                return 1; /* not on an Intel RAID platform so anything goes */

        return 0;
}

static int
active_arrays_by_format(char *name, char* hba, struct md_list **devlist,
                        int dpa, int verbose)
{
        struct mdstat_ent *mdstat = mdstat_read(0, 0);
        struct mdstat_ent *memb;
        int count = 0;
        int num = 0;
        struct md_list *dv;
        int found;

        for (memb = mdstat ; memb ; memb = memb->next) {
                if (memb->metadata_version &&
                    (strncmp(memb->metadata_version, "external:", 9) == 0) &&
                    (strcmp(&memb->metadata_version[9], name) == 0) &&
                    !is_subarray(memb->metadata_version+9) &&
                    memb->members) {
                        struct dev_member *dev = memb->members;
                        int fd = -1;
                        while(dev && (fd < 0)) {
                                char *path = xmalloc(strlen(dev->name) + strlen("/dev/") + 1);
                                num = sprintf(path, "%s%s", "/dev/", dev->name);
                                if (num > 0)
                                        fd = open(path, O_RDONLY, 0);
                                if (num <= 0 || fd < 0) {
                                        pr_vrb("Cannot open %s: %s\n",
                                               dev->name, strerror(errno));
                                }
                                free(path);
                                dev = dev->next;
                        }
                        found = 0;
                        if (fd >= 0 && disk_attached_to_hba(fd, hba)) {
                                struct mdstat_ent *vol;
                                for (vol = mdstat ; vol ; vol = vol->next) {
                                        if (vol->active > 0 &&
                                            vol->metadata_version &&
                                            is_container_member(vol, memb->devnm)) {
                                                found++;
                                                count++;
                                        }
                                }
                                if (*devlist && (found < dpa)) {
                                        dv = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*dv));
                                        dv->devname = xmalloc(strlen(memb->devnm) + strlen("/dev/") + 1);
                                        sprintf(dv->devname, "%s%s", "/dev/", memb->devnm);
                                        dv->found = found;
                                        dv->used = 0;
                                        dv->next = *devlist;
                                        *devlist = dv;
                                }
                        }
                        if (fd >= 0)
                                close(fd);
                }
        }
        free_mdstat(mdstat);
        return count;
}

#ifdef DEBUG_LOOP
static struct md_list*
get_loop_devices(void)
{
        int i;
        struct md_list *devlist = NULL;
        struct md_list *dv;

        for(i = 0; i < 12; i++) {
                dv = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*dv));
                dv->devname = xmalloc(40);
                sprintf(dv->devname, "/dev/loop%d", i);
                dv->next = devlist;
                devlist = dv;
        }
        return devlist;
}
#endif

static struct md_list*
get_devices(const char *hba_path)
{
        struct md_list *devlist = NULL;
        struct md_list *dv;
        struct dirent *ent;
        DIR *dir;
        int err = 0;

#if DEBUG_LOOP
        devlist = get_loop_devices();
        return devlist;
#endif
        /* scroll through /sys/dev/block looking for devices attached to
         * this hba
         */
        dir = opendir("/sys/dev/block");
        for (ent = dir ? readdir(dir) : NULL; ent; ent = readdir(dir)) {
                int fd;
                char buf[1024];
                int major, minor;
                char *path = NULL;
                if (sscanf(ent->d_name, "%d:%d", &major, &minor) != 2)
                        continue;
                path = devt_to_devpath(makedev(major, minor));
                if (!path)
                        continue;
                if (!path_attached_to_hba(path, hba_path)) {
                        free(path);
                        path = NULL;
                        continue;
                }
                free(path);
                path = NULL;
                fd = dev_open(ent->d_name, O_RDONLY);
                if (fd >= 0) {
                        fd2devname(fd, buf);
                        close(fd);
                } else {
                        pr_err("cannot open device: %s\n",
                                ent->d_name);
                        continue;
                }

                dv = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*dv));
                dv->devname = xstrdup(buf);
                dv->next = devlist;
                devlist = dv;
        }
        if (err) {
                while(devlist) {
                        dv = devlist;
                        devlist = devlist->next;
                        free(dv->devname);
                        free(dv);
                }
        }
        closedir(dir);
        return devlist;
}

static int
count_volumes_list(struct md_list *devlist, char *homehost,
                   int verbose, int *found)
{
        struct md_list *tmpdev;
        int count = 0;
        struct supertype *st;

        /* first walk the list of devices to find a consistent set
         * that match the criterea, if that is possible.
         * We flag the ones we like with 'used'.
         */
        *found = 0;
        st = match_metadata_desc_imsm("imsm");
        if (st == NULL) {
                pr_vrb("cannot allocate memory for imsm supertype\n");
                return 0;
        }

        for (tmpdev = devlist; tmpdev; tmpdev = tmpdev->next) {
                char *devname = tmpdev->devname;
                dev_t rdev;
                struct supertype *tst;
                int dfd;
                if (tmpdev->used > 1)
                        continue;
                tst = dup_super(st);
                if (tst == NULL) {
                        pr_vrb("cannot allocate memory for imsm supertype\n");
                        goto err_1;
                }
                tmpdev->container = 0;
                dfd = dev_open(devname, O_RDONLY|O_EXCL);
                if (dfd < 0) {
                        dprintf("cannot open device %s: %s\n",
                                devname, strerror(errno));
                        tmpdev->used = 2;
                } else if (!fstat_is_blkdev(dfd, devname, &rdev)) {
                        tmpdev->used = 2;
                } else if (must_be_container(dfd)) {
                        struct supertype *cst;
                        cst = super_by_fd(dfd, NULL);
                        if (cst == NULL) {
                                dprintf("cannot recognize container type %s\n",
                                        devname);
                                tmpdev->used = 2;
                        } else if (tst->ss != st->ss) {
                                dprintf("non-imsm container - ignore it: %s\n",
                                        devname);
                                tmpdev->used = 2;
                        } else if (!tst->ss->load_container ||
                                   tst->ss->load_container(tst, dfd, NULL))
                                tmpdev->used = 2;
                        else {
                                tmpdev->container = 1;
                        }
                        if (cst)
                                cst->ss->free_super(cst);
                } else {
                        tmpdev->st_rdev = rdev;
                        if (tst->ss->load_super(tst,dfd, NULL)) {
                                dprintf("no RAID superblock on %s\n",
                                        devname);
                                tmpdev->used = 2;
                        } else if (tst->ss->compare_super == NULL) {
                                dprintf("Cannot assemble %s metadata on %s\n",
                                        tst->ss->name, devname);
                                tmpdev->used = 2;
                        }
                }
                if (dfd >= 0)
                        close(dfd);
                if (tmpdev->used == 2 || tmpdev->used == 4) {
                        /* Ignore unrecognised devices during auto-assembly */
                        goto loop;
                }
                else {
                        struct mdinfo info;
                        tst->ss->getinfo_super(tst, &info, NULL);

                        if (st->minor_version == -1)
                                st->minor_version = tst->minor_version;

                        if (memcmp(info.uuid, uuid_zero,
                                   sizeof(int[4])) == 0) {
                                /* this is a floating spare.  It cannot define
                                 * an array unless there are no more arrays of
                                 * this type to be found.  It can be included
                                 * in an array of this type though.
                                 */
                                tmpdev->used = 3;
                                goto loop;
                        }

                        if (st->ss != tst->ss ||
                            st->minor_version != tst->minor_version ||
                            st->ss->compare_super(st, tst, 1) != 0) {
                                /* Some mismatch. If exactly one array matches this host,
                                 * we can resolve on that one.
                                 * Or, if we are auto assembling, we just ignore the second
                                 * for now.
                                 */
                                dprintf("superblock on %s doesn't match others - assembly aborted\n",
                                        devname);
                                goto loop;
                        }
                        tmpdev->used = 1;
                        *found = 1;
                        dprintf("found: devname: %s\n", devname);
                }
        loop:
                if (tst)
                        tst->ss->free_super(tst);
        }
        if (*found != 0) {
                int err;
                if ((err = load_super_imsm_all(st, -1, &st->sb, NULL, devlist, 0)) == 0) {
                        struct mdinfo *iter, *head = st->ss->container_content(st, NULL);
                        for (iter = head; iter; iter = iter->next) {
                                dprintf("content->text_version: %s vol\n",
                                        iter->text_version);
                                if (iter->array.state & (1<<MD_SB_BLOCK_VOLUME)) {
                                        /* do not assemble arrays with unsupported
                                           configurations */
                                        dprintf("Cannot activate member %s.\n",
                                                iter->text_version);
                                } else
                                        count++;
                        }
                        sysfs_free(head);

                } else {
                        dprintf("No valid super block on device list: err: %d %p\n",
                                err, st->sb);
                }
        } else {
                dprintf("no more devices to examine\n");
        }

        for (tmpdev = devlist; tmpdev; tmpdev = tmpdev->next) {
                if (tmpdev->used == 1 && tmpdev->found) {
                        if (count) {
                                if (count < tmpdev->found)
                                        count = 0;
                                else
                                        count -= tmpdev->found;
                        }
                }
                if (tmpdev->used == 1)
                        tmpdev->used = 4;
        }
        err_1:
        if (st)
                st->ss->free_super(st);
        return count;
}

static int __count_volumes(char *hba_path, int dpa, int verbose,
                           int cmp_hba_path)
{
        struct sys_dev *idev, *intel_devices = find_intel_devices();
        int count = 0;
        const struct orom_entry *entry;
        struct devid_list *dv, *devid_list;

        if (!hba_path)
                return 0;

        for (idev = intel_devices; idev; idev = idev->next) {
                if (strstr(idev->path, hba_path))
                        break;
        }

        if (!idev || !idev->dev_id)
                return 0;

        entry = get_orom_entry_by_device_id(idev->dev_id);

        if (!entry || !entry->devid_list)
                return 0;

        devid_list = entry->devid_list;
        for (dv = devid_list; dv; dv = dv->next) {
                struct md_list *devlist;
                struct sys_dev *device = NULL;
                char *hpath;
                int found = 0;

                if (cmp_hba_path)
                        device = device_by_id_and_path(dv->devid, hba_path);
                else
                        device = device_by_id(dv->devid);

                if (device)
                        hpath = device->path;
                else
                        return 0;

                devlist = get_devices(hpath);
                /* if no intel devices return zero volumes */
                if (devlist == NULL)
                        return 0;

                count += active_arrays_by_format("imsm", hpath, &devlist, dpa,
                                                 verbose);
                dprintf("path: %s active arrays: %d\n", hpath, count);
                if (devlist == NULL)
                        return 0;
                do  {
                        found = 0;
                        count += count_volumes_list(devlist,
                                                        NULL,
                                                        verbose,
                                                        &found);
                        dprintf("found %d count: %d\n", found, count);
                } while (found);

                dprintf("path: %s total number of volumes: %d\n", hpath, count);

                while (devlist) {
                        struct md_list *dv = devlist;
                        devlist = devlist->next;
                        free(dv->devname);
                        free(dv);
                }
        }
        return count;
}

static int count_volumes(struct intel_hba *hba, int dpa, int verbose)
{
        if (!hba)
                return 0;
        if (hba->type == SYS_DEV_VMD) {
                struct sys_dev *dev;
                int count = 0;

                for (dev = find_intel_devices(); dev; dev = dev->next) {
                        if (dev->type == SYS_DEV_VMD)
                                count += __count_volumes(dev->path, dpa,
                                                         verbose, 1);
                }
                return count;
        }
        return __count_volumes(hba->path, dpa, verbose, 0);
}

static int imsm_default_chunk(const struct imsm_orom *orom)
{
        /* up to 512 if the plaform supports it, otherwise the platform max.
         * 128 if no platform detected
         */
        int fs = max(7, orom ? fls(orom->sss) : 0);

        return min(512, (1 << fs));
}

static int
validate_geometry_imsm_orom(struct intel_super *super, int level, int layout,
                            int raiddisks, int *chunk, unsigned long long size, int verbose)
{
        /* check/set platform and metadata limits/defaults */
        if (super->orom && raiddisks > super->orom->dpa) {
                pr_vrb("platform supports a maximum of %d disks per array\n",
                       super->orom->dpa);
                return 0;
        }

        /* capabilities of OROM tested - copied from validate_geometry_imsm_volume */
        if (!is_raid_level_supported(super->orom, level, raiddisks)) {
                pr_vrb("platform does not support raid%d with %d disk%s\n",
                        level, raiddisks, raiddisks > 1 ? "s" : "");
                return 0;
        }

        if (*chunk == 0 || *chunk == UnSet)
                *chunk = imsm_default_chunk(super->orom);

        if (super->orom && !imsm_orom_has_chunk(super->orom, *chunk)) {
                pr_vrb("platform does not support a chunk size of: %d\n", *chunk);
                return 0;
        }

        if (layout != imsm_level_to_layout(level)) {
                if (level == 5)
                        pr_vrb("imsm raid 5 only supports the left-asymmetric layout\n");
                else if (level == 10)
                        pr_vrb("imsm raid 10 only supports the n2 layout\n");
                else
                        pr_vrb("imsm unknown layout %#x for this raid level %d\n",
                                layout, level);
                return 0;
        }

        if (super->orom && (super->orom->attr & IMSM_OROM_ATTR_2TB) == 0 &&
                        (calc_array_size(level, raiddisks, layout, *chunk, size) >> 32) > 0) {
                pr_vrb("platform does not support a volume size over 2TB\n");
                return 0;
        }

        return 1;
}

/* validate_geometry_imsm_volume - lifted from validate_geometry_ddf_bvd
 * FIX ME add ahci details
 */
static int validate_geometry_imsm_volume(struct supertype *st, int level,
                                         int layout, int raiddisks, int *chunk,
                                         unsigned long long size,
                                         unsigned long long data_offset,
                                         char *dev,
                                         unsigned long long *freesize,
                                         int verbose)
{
        dev_t rdev;
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct imsm_super *mpb;
        struct dl *dl;
        unsigned long long pos = 0;
        unsigned long long maxsize;
        struct extent *e;
        int i;

        /* We must have the container info already read in. */
        if (!super)
                return 0;

        mpb = super->anchor;

        if (!validate_geometry_imsm_orom(super, level, layout, raiddisks, chunk, size, verbose)) {
                pr_err("RAID geometry validation failed. Cannot proceed with the action(s).\n");
                return 0;
        }
        if (!dev) {
                /* General test:  make sure there is space for
                 * 'raiddisks' device extents of size 'size' at a given
                 * offset
                 */
                unsigned long long minsize = size;
                unsigned long long start_offset = MaxSector;
                int dcnt = 0;
                if (minsize == 0)
                        minsize = MPB_SECTOR_CNT + IMSM_RESERVED_SECTORS;
                for (dl = super->disks; dl ; dl = dl->next) {
                        int found = 0;

                        pos = 0;
                        i = 0;
                        e = get_extents(super, dl, 0);
                        if (!e) continue;
                        do {
                                unsigned long long esize;
                                esize = e[i].start - pos;
                                if (esize >= minsize)
                                        found = 1;
                                if (found && start_offset == MaxSector) {
                                        start_offset = pos;
                                        break;
                                } else if (found && pos != start_offset) {
                                        found = 0;
                                        break;
                                }
                                pos = e[i].start + e[i].size;
                                i++;
                        } while (e[i-1].size);
                        if (found)
                                dcnt++;
                        free(e);
                }
                if (dcnt < raiddisks) {
                        if (verbose)
                                pr_err("imsm: Not enough devices with space for this array (%d < %d)\n",
                                        dcnt, raiddisks);
                        return 0;
                }
                return 1;
        }

        /* This device must be a member of the set */
        if (!stat_is_blkdev(dev, &rdev))
                return 0;
        for (dl = super->disks ; dl ; dl = dl->next) {
                if (dl->major == (int)major(rdev) &&
                    dl->minor == (int)minor(rdev))
                        break;
        }
        if (!dl) {
                if (verbose)
                        pr_err("%s is not in the same imsm set\n", dev);
                return 0;
        } else if (super->orom && dl->index < 0 && mpb->num_raid_devs) {
                /* If a volume is present then the current creation attempt
                 * cannot incorporate new spares because the orom may not
                 * understand this configuration (all member disks must be
                 * members of each array in the container).
                 */
                pr_err("%s is a spare and a volume is already defined for this container\n", dev);
                pr_err("The option-rom requires all member disks to be a member of all volumes\n");
                return 0;
        } else if (super->orom && mpb->num_raid_devs > 0 &&
                   mpb->num_disks != raiddisks) {
                pr_err("The option-rom requires all member disks to be a member of all volumes\n");
                return 0;
        }

        /* retrieve the largest free space block */
        e = get_extents(super, dl, 0);
        maxsize = 0;
        i = 0;
        if (e) {
                do {
                        unsigned long long esize;

                        esize = e[i].start - pos;
                        if (esize >= maxsize)
                                maxsize = esize;
                        pos = e[i].start + e[i].size;
                        i++;
                } while (e[i-1].size);
                dl->e = e;
                dl->extent_cnt = i;
        } else {
                if (verbose)
                        pr_err("unable to determine free space for: %s\n",
                                dev);
                return 0;
        }
        if (maxsize < size) {
                if (verbose)
                        pr_err("%s not enough space (%llu < %llu)\n",
                                dev, maxsize, size);
                return 0;
        }

        /* count total number of extents for merge */
        i = 0;
        for (dl = super->disks; dl; dl = dl->next)
                if (dl->e)
                        i += dl->extent_cnt;

        maxsize = merge_extents(super, i);

        if (mpb->num_raid_devs > 0 && size && size != maxsize)
                pr_err("attempting to create a second volume with size less then remaining space.\n");

        if (maxsize < size || maxsize == 0) {
                if (verbose) {
                        if (maxsize == 0)
                                pr_err("no free space left on device. Aborting...\n");
                        else
                                pr_err("not enough space to create volume of given size (%llu < %llu). Aborting...\n",
                                                maxsize, size);
                }
                return 0;
        }

        *freesize = maxsize;

        if (super->orom) {
                int count = count_volumes(super->hba,
                                      super->orom->dpa, verbose);
                if (super->orom->vphba <= count) {
                        pr_vrb("platform does not support more than %d raid volumes.\n",
                               super->orom->vphba);
                        return 0;
                }
        }
        return 1;
}

static int imsm_get_free_size(struct supertype *st, int raiddisks,
                         unsigned long long size, int chunk,
                         unsigned long long *freesize)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
        struct dl *dl;
        int i;
        int extent_cnt;
        struct extent *e;
        unsigned long long maxsize;
        unsigned long long minsize;
        int cnt;
        int used;

        /* find the largest common start free region of the possible disks */
        used = 0;
        extent_cnt = 0;
        cnt = 0;
        for (dl = super->disks; dl; dl = dl->next) {
                dl->raiddisk = -1;

                if (dl->index >= 0)
                        used++;

                /* don't activate new spares if we are orom constrained
                 * and there is already a volume active in the container
                 */
                if (super->orom && dl->index < 0 && mpb->num_raid_devs)
                        continue;

                e = get_extents(super, dl, 0);
                if (!e)
                        continue;
                for (i = 1; e[i-1].size; i++)
                        ;
                dl->e = e;
                dl->extent_cnt = i;
                extent_cnt += i;
                cnt++;
        }

        maxsize = merge_extents(super, extent_cnt);
        minsize = size;
        if (size == 0)
                /* chunk is in K */
                minsize = chunk * 2;

        if (cnt < raiddisks ||
            (super->orom && used && used != raiddisks) ||
            maxsize < minsize ||
            maxsize == 0) {
                pr_err("not enough devices with space to create array.\n");
                return 0; /* No enough free spaces large enough */
        }

        if (size == 0) {
                size = maxsize;
                if (chunk) {
                        size /= 2 * chunk;
                        size *= 2 * chunk;
                }
                maxsize = size;
        }
        if (mpb->num_raid_devs > 0 && size && size != maxsize)
                pr_err("attempting to create a second volume with size less then remaining space.\n");
        cnt = 0;
        for (dl = super->disks; dl; dl = dl->next)
                if (dl->e)
                        dl->raiddisk = cnt++;

        *freesize = size;

        dprintf("imsm: imsm_get_free_size() returns : %llu\n", size);

        return 1;
}

static int reserve_space(struct supertype *st, int raiddisks,
                         unsigned long long size, int chunk,
                         unsigned long long *freesize)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct dl *dl;
        int cnt;
        int rv = 0;

        rv = imsm_get_free_size(st, raiddisks, size, chunk, freesize);
        if (rv) {
                cnt = 0;
                for (dl = super->disks; dl; dl = dl->next)
                        if (dl->e)
                                dl->raiddisk = cnt++;
                rv = 1;
        }

        return rv;
}

static int validate_geometry_imsm(struct supertype *st, int level, int layout,
                                  int raiddisks, int *chunk, unsigned long long size,
                                  unsigned long long data_offset,
                                  char *dev, unsigned long long *freesize,
                                  int consistency_policy, int verbose)
{
        int fd, cfd;
        struct mdinfo *sra;
        int is_member = 0;

        /* load capability
         * if given unused devices create a container
         * if given given devices in a container create a member volume
         */
        if (level == LEVEL_CONTAINER) {
                /* Must be a fresh device to add to a container */
                return validate_geometry_imsm_container(st, level, layout,
                                                        raiddisks,
                                                        *chunk,
                                                        size, data_offset,
                                                        dev, freesize,
                                                        verbose);
        }

        /*
         * Size is given in sectors.
         */
        if (size && (size < 2048)) {
                pr_err("Given size must be greater than 1M.\n");
                /* Depends on algorithm in Create.c :
                 * if container was given (dev == NULL) return -1,
                 * if block device was given ( dev != NULL) return 0.
                 */
                return dev ? -1 : 0;
        }

        if (!dev) {
                if (st->sb) {
                        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
                        if (!validate_geometry_imsm_orom(st->sb, level, layout,
                                                         raiddisks, chunk, size,
                                                         verbose))
                                return 0;
                        /* we are being asked to automatically layout a
                         * new volume based on the current contents of
                         * the container.  If the the parameters can be
                         * satisfied reserve_space will record the disks,
                         * start offset, and size of the volume to be
                         * created.  add_to_super and getinfo_super
                         * detect when autolayout is in progress.
                         */
                        /* assuming that freesize is always given when array is
                           created */
                        if (super->orom && freesize) {
                                int count;
                                count = count_volumes(super->hba,
                                                      super->orom->dpa, verbose);
                                if (super->orom->vphba <= count) {
                                        pr_vrb("platform does not support more than %d raid volumes.\n",
                                               super->orom->vphba);
                                        return 0;
                                }
                        }
                        if (freesize)
                                return reserve_space(st, raiddisks, size,
                                                     *chunk, freesize);
                }
                return 1;
        }
        if (st->sb) {
                /* creating in a given container */
                return validate_geometry_imsm_volume(st, level, layout,
                                                     raiddisks, chunk, size,
                                                     data_offset,
                                                     dev, freesize, verbose);
        }

        /* This device needs to be a device in an 'imsm' container */
        fd = open(dev, O_RDONLY|O_EXCL, 0);
        if (fd >= 0) {
                if (verbose)
                        pr_err("Cannot create this array on device %s\n",
                               dev);
                close(fd);
                return 0;
        }
        if (errno != EBUSY || (fd = open(dev, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0) {
                if (verbose)
                        pr_err("Cannot open %s: %s\n",
                                dev, strerror(errno));
                return 0;
        }
        /* Well, it is in use by someone, maybe an 'imsm' container. */
        cfd = open_container(fd);
        close(fd);
        if (cfd < 0) {
                if (verbose)
                        pr_err("Cannot use %s: It is busy\n",
                                dev);
                return 0;
        }
        sra = sysfs_read(cfd, NULL, GET_VERSION);
        if (sra && sra->array.major_version == -1 &&
            strcmp(sra->text_version, "imsm") == 0)
                is_member = 1;
        sysfs_free(sra);
        if (is_member) {
                /* This is a member of a imsm container.  Load the container
                 * and try to create a volume
                 */
                struct intel_super *super;

                if (load_super_imsm_all(st, cfd, (void **) &super, NULL, NULL, 1) == 0) {
                        st->sb = super;
                        strcpy(st->container_devnm, fd2devnm(cfd));
                        close(cfd);
                        return validate_geometry_imsm_volume(st, level, layout,
                                                             raiddisks, chunk,
                                                             size, data_offset, dev,
                                                             freesize, 1)
                                ? 1 : -1;
                }
        }

        if (verbose)
                pr_err("failed container membership check\n");

        close(cfd);
        return 0;
}

static void default_geometry_imsm(struct supertype *st, int *level, int *layout, int *chunk)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;

        if (level && *level == UnSet)
                *level = LEVEL_CONTAINER;

        if (level && layout && *layout == UnSet)
                *layout = imsm_level_to_layout(*level);

        if (chunk && (*chunk == UnSet || *chunk == 0))
                *chunk = imsm_default_chunk(super->orom);
}

static void handle_missing(struct intel_super *super, struct imsm_dev *dev);

static int kill_subarray_imsm(struct supertype *st, char *subarray_id)
{
        /* remove the subarray currently referenced by subarray_id */
        __u8 i;
        struct intel_dev **dp;
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        __u8 current_vol = strtoul(subarray_id, NULL, 10);
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;

        if (mpb->num_raid_devs == 0)
                return 2;

        /* block deletions that would change the uuid of active subarrays
         *
         * FIXME when immutable ids are available, but note that we'll
         * also need to fixup the invalidated/active subarray indexes in
         * mdstat
         */
        for (i = 0; i < mpb->num_raid_devs; i++) {
                char subarray[4];

                if (i < current_vol)
                        continue;
                sprintf(subarray, "%u", i);
                if (is_subarray_active(subarray, st->devnm)) {
                        pr_err("deleting subarray-%d would change the UUID of active subarray-%d, aborting\n",
                               current_vol, i);

                        return 2;
                }
        }

        if (st->update_tail) {
                struct imsm_update_kill_array *u = xmalloc(sizeof(*u));

                u->type = update_kill_array;
                u->dev_idx = current_vol;
                append_metadata_update(st, u, sizeof(*u));

                return 0;
        }

        for (dp = &super->devlist; *dp;)
                if ((*dp)->index == current_vol) {
                        *dp = (*dp)->next;
                } else {
                        handle_missing(super, (*dp)->dev);
                        if ((*dp)->index > current_vol)
                                (*dp)->index--;
                        dp = &(*dp)->next;
                }

        /* no more raid devices, all active components are now spares,
         * but of course failed are still failed
         */
        if (--mpb->num_raid_devs == 0) {
                struct dl *d;

                for (d = super->disks; d; d = d->next)
                        if (d->index > -2)
                                mark_spare(d);
        }

        super->updates_pending++;

        return 0;
}

static int update_subarray_imsm(struct supertype *st, char *subarray,
                                char *update, struct mddev_ident *ident)
{
        /* update the subarray currently referenced by ->current_vol */
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;

        if (strcmp(update, "name") == 0) {
                char *name = ident->name;
                char *ep;
                int vol;

                if (is_subarray_active(subarray, st->devnm)) {
                        pr_err("Unable to update name of active subarray\n");
                        return 2;
                }

                if (!check_name(super, name, 0))
                        return 2;

                vol = strtoul(subarray, &ep, 10);
                if (*ep != '\0' || vol >= super->anchor->num_raid_devs)
                        return 2;

                if (st->update_tail) {
                        struct imsm_update_rename_array *u = xmalloc(sizeof(*u));

                        u->type = update_rename_array;
                        u->dev_idx = vol;
                        strncpy((char *) u->name, name, MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN);
                        u->name[MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN-1] = '\0';
                        append_metadata_update(st, u, sizeof(*u));
                } else {
                        struct imsm_dev *dev;
                        int i, namelen;

                        dev = get_imsm_dev(super, vol);
                        memset(dev->volume, '\0', MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN);
                        namelen = min((int)strlen(name), MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN);
                        memcpy(dev->volume, name, namelen);
                        for (i = 0; i < mpb->num_raid_devs; i++) {
                                dev = get_imsm_dev(super, i);
                                handle_missing(super, dev);
                        }
                        super->updates_pending++;
                }
        } else if (strcmp(update, "ppl") == 0 ||
                   strcmp(update, "no-ppl") == 0) {
                int new_policy;
                char *ep;
                int vol = strtoul(subarray, &ep, 10);

                if (*ep != '\0' || vol >= super->anchor->num_raid_devs)
                        return 2;

                if (strcmp(update, "ppl") == 0)
                        new_policy = RWH_MULTIPLE_DISTRIBUTED;
                else
                        new_policy = RWH_MULTIPLE_OFF;

                if (st->update_tail) {
                        struct imsm_update_rwh_policy *u = xmalloc(sizeof(*u));

                        u->type = update_rwh_policy;
                        u->dev_idx = vol;
                        u->new_policy = new_policy;
                        append_metadata_update(st, u, sizeof(*u));
                } else {
                        struct imsm_dev *dev;

                        dev = get_imsm_dev(super, vol);
                        dev->rwh_policy = new_policy;
                        super->updates_pending++;
                }
        } else
                return 2;

        return 0;
}

static int is_gen_migration(struct imsm_dev *dev)
{
        if (dev == NULL)
                return 0;

        if (!dev->vol.migr_state)
                return 0;

        if (migr_type(dev) == MIGR_GEN_MIGR)
                return 1;

        return 0;
}

static int is_rebuilding(struct imsm_dev *dev)
{
        struct imsm_map *migr_map;

        if (!dev->vol.migr_state)
                return 0;

        if (migr_type(dev) != MIGR_REBUILD)
                return 0;

        migr_map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);

        if (migr_map->map_state == IMSM_T_STATE_DEGRADED)
                return 1;
        else
                return 0;
}

static int is_initializing(struct imsm_dev *dev)
{
        struct imsm_map *migr_map;

        if (!dev->vol.migr_state)
                return 0;

        if (migr_type(dev) != MIGR_INIT)
                return 0;

        migr_map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);

        if (migr_map->map_state == IMSM_T_STATE_UNINITIALIZED)
                return 1;

        return 0;
}

static void update_recovery_start(struct intel_super *super,
                                        struct imsm_dev *dev,
                                        struct mdinfo *array)
{
        struct mdinfo *rebuild = NULL;
        struct mdinfo *d;
        __u32 units;

        if (!is_rebuilding(dev))
                return;

        /* Find the rebuild target, but punt on the dual rebuild case */
        for (d = array->devs; d; d = d->next)
                if (d->recovery_start == 0) {
                        if (rebuild)
                                return;
                        rebuild = d;
                }

        if (!rebuild) {
                /* (?) none of the disks are marked with
                 * IMSM_ORD_REBUILD, so assume they are missing and the
                 * disk_ord_tbl was not correctly updated
                 */
                dprintf("failed to locate out-of-sync disk\n");
                return;
        }

        units = __le32_to_cpu(dev->vol.curr_migr_unit);
        rebuild->recovery_start = units * blocks_per_migr_unit(super, dev);
}

static int recover_backup_imsm(struct supertype *st, struct mdinfo *info);

static struct mdinfo *container_content_imsm(struct supertype *st, char *subarray)
{
        /* Given a container loaded by load_super_imsm_all,
         * extract information about all the arrays into
         * an mdinfo tree.
         * If 'subarray' is given, just extract info about that array.
         *
         * For each imsm_dev create an mdinfo, fill it in,
         *  then look for matching devices in super->disks
         *  and create appropriate device mdinfo.
         */
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
        struct mdinfo *rest = NULL;
        unsigned int i;
        int sb_errors = 0;
        struct dl *d;
        int spare_disks = 0;
        int current_vol = super->current_vol;

        /* do not assemble arrays when not all attributes are supported */
        if (imsm_check_attributes(mpb->attributes) == 0) {
                sb_errors = 1;
                pr_err("Unsupported attributes in IMSM metadata.Arrays activation is blocked.\n");
        }

        /* count spare devices, not used in maps
         */
        for (d = super->disks; d; d = d->next)
                if (d->index == -1)
                        spare_disks++;

        for (i = 0; i < mpb->num_raid_devs; i++) {
                struct imsm_dev *dev;
                struct imsm_map *map;
                struct imsm_map *map2;
                struct mdinfo *this;
                int slot;
                int chunk;
                char *ep;
                int level;

                if (subarray &&
                    (i != strtoul(subarray, &ep, 10) || *ep != '\0'))
                        continue;

                dev = get_imsm_dev(super, i);
                map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
                map2 = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);
                level = get_imsm_raid_level(map);

                /* do not publish arrays that are in the middle of an
                 * unsupported migration
                 */
                if (dev->vol.migr_state &&
                    (migr_type(dev) == MIGR_STATE_CHANGE)) {
                        pr_err("cannot assemble volume '%.16s': unsupported migration in progress\n",
                                dev->volume);
                        continue;
                }
                /* do not publish arrays that are not support by controller's
                 * OROM/EFI
                 */

                this = xmalloc(sizeof(*this));

                super->current_vol = i;
                getinfo_super_imsm_volume(st, this, NULL);
                this->next = rest;
                chunk = __le16_to_cpu(map->blocks_per_strip) >> 1;
                /* mdadm does not support all metadata features- set the bit in all arrays state */
                if (!validate_geometry_imsm_orom(super,
                                                 level, /* RAID level */
                                                 imsm_level_to_layout(level),
                                                 map->num_members, /* raid disks */
                                                 &chunk, imsm_dev_size(dev),
                                                 1 /* verbose */)) {
                        pr_err("IMSM RAID geometry validation failed.  Array %s activation is blocked.\n",
                                dev->volume);
                        this->array.state |=
                          (1<<MD_SB_BLOCK_CONTAINER_RESHAPE) |
                          (1<<MD_SB_BLOCK_VOLUME);
                }

                /* if array has bad blocks, set suitable bit in all arrays state */
                if (sb_errors)
                        this->array.state |=
                          (1<<MD_SB_BLOCK_CONTAINER_RESHAPE) |
                          (1<<MD_SB_BLOCK_VOLUME);

                for (slot = 0 ; slot <  map->num_members; slot++) {
                        unsigned long long recovery_start;
                        struct mdinfo *info_d;
                        struct dl *d;
                        int idx;
                        int skip;
                        __u32 ord;
                        int missing = 0;

                        skip = 0;
                        idx = get_imsm_disk_idx(dev, slot, MAP_0);
                        ord = get_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(dev, slot, MAP_X);
                        for (d = super->disks; d ; d = d->next)
                                if (d->index == idx)
                                        break;

                        recovery_start = MaxSector;
                        if (d == NULL)
                                skip = 1;
                        if (d && is_failed(&d->disk))
                                skip = 1;
                        if (!skip && (ord & IMSM_ORD_REBUILD))
                                recovery_start = 0;
                        if (!(ord & IMSM_ORD_REBUILD))
                                this->array.working_disks++;
                        /*
                         * if we skip some disks the array will be assmebled degraded;
                         * reset resync start to avoid a dirty-degraded
                         * situation when performing the intial sync
                         */
                        if (skip)
                                missing++;

                        if (!(dev->vol.dirty & RAIDVOL_DIRTY)) {
                                if ((!able_to_resync(level, missing) ||
                                     recovery_start == 0))
                                        this->resync_start = MaxSector;
                        } else {
                                /*
                                 * FIXME handle dirty degraded
                                 */
                        }

                        if (skip)
                                continue;

                        info_d = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*info_d));
                        info_d->next = this->devs;
                        this->devs = info_d;

                        info_d->disk.number = d->index;
                        info_d->disk.major = d->major;
                        info_d->disk.minor = d->minor;
                        info_d->disk.raid_disk = slot;
                        info_d->recovery_start = recovery_start;
                        if (map2) {
                                if (slot < map2->num_members)
                                        info_d->disk.state = (1 << MD_DISK_ACTIVE);
                                else
                                        this->array.spare_disks++;
                        } else {
                                if (slot < map->num_members)
                                        info_d->disk.state = (1 << MD_DISK_ACTIVE);
                                else
                                        this->array.spare_disks++;
                        }

                        info_d->events = __le32_to_cpu(mpb->generation_num);
                        info_d->data_offset = pba_of_lba0(map);
                        info_d->component_size = calc_component_size(map, dev);

                        if (map->raid_level == 5) {
                                info_d->ppl_sector = this->ppl_sector;
                                info_d->ppl_size = this->ppl_size;
                                if (this->consistency_policy == CONSISTENCY_POLICY_PPL &&
                                    recovery_start == 0)
                                        this->resync_start = 0;
                        }

                        info_d->bb.supported = 1;
                        get_volume_badblocks(super->bbm_log, ord_to_idx(ord),
                                             info_d->data_offset,
                                             info_d->component_size,
                                             &info_d->bb);
                }
                /* now that the disk list is up-to-date fixup recovery_start */
                update_recovery_start(super, dev, this);
                this->array.spare_disks += spare_disks;

                /* check for reshape */
                if (this->reshape_active == 1)
                        recover_backup_imsm(st, this);
                rest = this;
        }

        super->current_vol = current_vol;
        return rest;
}

static __u8 imsm_check_degraded(struct intel_super *super, struct imsm_dev *dev,
                                int failed, int look_in_map)
{
        struct imsm_map *map;

        map = get_imsm_map(dev, look_in_map);

        if (!failed)
                return map->map_state == IMSM_T_STATE_UNINITIALIZED ?
                        IMSM_T_STATE_UNINITIALIZED : IMSM_T_STATE_NORMAL;

        switch (get_imsm_raid_level(map)) {
        case 0:
                return IMSM_T_STATE_FAILED;
                break;
        case 1:
                if (failed < map->num_members)
                        return IMSM_T_STATE_DEGRADED;
                else
                        return IMSM_T_STATE_FAILED;
                break;
        case 10:
        {
                /**
                 * check to see if any mirrors have failed, otherwise we
                 * are degraded.  Even numbered slots are mirrored on
                 * slot+1
                 */
                int i;
                /* gcc -Os complains that this is unused */
                int insync = insync;

                for (i = 0; i < map->num_members; i++) {
                        __u32 ord = get_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(dev, i, MAP_X);
                        int idx = ord_to_idx(ord);
                        struct imsm_disk *disk;

                        /* reset the potential in-sync count on even-numbered
                         * slots.  num_copies is always 2 for imsm raid10
                         */
                        if ((i & 1) == 0)
                                insync = 2;

                        disk = get_imsm_disk(super, idx);
                        if (!disk || is_failed(disk) || ord & IMSM_ORD_REBUILD)
                                insync--;

                        /* no in-sync disks left in this mirror the
                         * array has failed
                         */
                        if (insync == 0)
                                return IMSM_T_STATE_FAILED;
                }

                return IMSM_T_STATE_DEGRADED;
        }
        case 5:
                if (failed < 2)
                        return IMSM_T_STATE_DEGRADED;
                else
                        return IMSM_T_STATE_FAILED;
                break;
        default:
                break;
        }

        return map->map_state;
}

static int imsm_count_failed(struct intel_super *super, struct imsm_dev *dev,
                             int look_in_map)
{
        int i;
        int failed = 0;
        struct imsm_disk *disk;
        struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
        struct imsm_map *prev = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);
        struct imsm_map *map_for_loop;
        __u32 ord;
        int idx;
        int idx_1;

        /* at the beginning of migration we set IMSM_ORD_REBUILD on
         * disks that are being rebuilt.  New failures are recorded to
         * map[0].  So we look through all the disks we started with and
         * see if any failures are still present, or if any new ones
         * have arrived
         */
        map_for_loop = map;
        if (prev && (map->num_members < prev->num_members))
                map_for_loop = prev;

        for (i = 0; i < map_for_loop->num_members; i++) {
                idx_1 = -255;
                /* when MAP_X is passed both maps failures are counted
                 */
                if (prev &&
                    (look_in_map == MAP_1 || look_in_map == MAP_X) &&
                    i < prev->num_members) {
                        ord = __le32_to_cpu(prev->disk_ord_tbl[i]);
                        idx_1 = ord_to_idx(ord);

                        disk = get_imsm_disk(super, idx_1);
                        if (!disk || is_failed(disk) || ord & IMSM_ORD_REBUILD)
                                failed++;
                }
                if ((look_in_map == MAP_0 || look_in_map == MAP_X) &&
                    i < map->num_members) {
                        ord = __le32_to_cpu(map->disk_ord_tbl[i]);
                        idx = ord_to_idx(ord);

                        if (idx != idx_1) {
                                disk = get_imsm_disk(super, idx);
                                if (!disk || is_failed(disk) ||
                                    ord & IMSM_ORD_REBUILD)
                                        failed++;
                        }
                }
        }

        return failed;
}

static int imsm_open_new(struct supertype *c, struct active_array *a,
                         char *inst)
{
        struct intel_super *super = c->sb;
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
        struct imsm_update_prealloc_bb_mem u;

        if (atoi(inst) >= mpb->num_raid_devs) {
                pr_err("subarry index %d, out of range\n", atoi(inst));
                return -ENODEV;
        }

        dprintf("imsm: open_new %s\n", inst);
        a->info.container_member = atoi(inst);

        u.type = update_prealloc_badblocks_mem;
        imsm_update_metadata_locally(c, &u, sizeof(u));

        return 0;
}

static int is_resyncing(struct imsm_dev *dev)
{
        struct imsm_map *migr_map;

        if (!dev->vol.migr_state)
                return 0;

        if (migr_type(dev) == MIGR_INIT ||
            migr_type(dev) == MIGR_REPAIR)
                return 1;

        if (migr_type(dev) == MIGR_GEN_MIGR)
                return 0;

        migr_map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);

        if (migr_map->map_state == IMSM_T_STATE_NORMAL &&
            dev->vol.migr_type != MIGR_GEN_MIGR)
                return 1;
        else
                return 0;
}

/* return true if we recorded new information */
static int mark_failure(struct intel_super *super,
                        struct imsm_dev *dev, struct imsm_disk *disk, int idx)
{
        __u32 ord;
        int slot;
        struct imsm_map *map;
        char buf[MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN+3];
        unsigned int len, shift = 0;

        /* new failures are always set in map[0] */
        map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);

        slot = get_imsm_disk_slot(map, idx);
        if (slot < 0)
                return 0;

        ord = __le32_to_cpu(map->disk_ord_tbl[slot]);
        if (is_failed(disk) && (ord & IMSM_ORD_REBUILD))
                return 0;

        memcpy(buf, disk->serial, MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN);
        buf[MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN] = '\000';
        strcat(buf, ":0");
        if ((len = strlen(buf)) >= MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN)
                shift = len - MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN + 1;
        memcpy(disk->serial, &buf[shift], len + 1 - shift);

        disk->status |= FAILED_DISK;
        set_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(map, slot, idx | IMSM_ORD_REBUILD);
        /* mark failures in second map if second map exists and this disk
         * in this slot.
         * This is valid for migration, initialization and rebuild
         */
        if (dev->vol.migr_state) {
                struct imsm_map *map2 = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);
                int slot2 = get_imsm_disk_slot(map2, idx);

                if (slot2 < map2->num_members && slot2 >= 0)
                        set_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(map2, slot2,
                                             idx | IMSM_ORD_REBUILD);
        }
        if (map->failed_disk_num == 0xff ||
                (!is_rebuilding(dev) && map->failed_disk_num > slot))
                map->failed_disk_num = slot;

        clear_disk_badblocks(super->bbm_log, ord_to_idx(ord));

        return 1;
}

static void mark_missing(struct intel_super *super,
                         struct imsm_dev *dev, struct imsm_disk *disk, int idx)
{
        mark_failure(super, dev, disk, idx);

        if (disk->scsi_id == __cpu_to_le32(~(__u32)0))
                return;

        disk->scsi_id = __cpu_to_le32(~(__u32)0);
        memmove(&disk->serial[0], &disk->serial[1], MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN - 1);
}

static void handle_missing(struct intel_super *super, struct imsm_dev *dev)
{
        struct dl *dl;

        if (!super->missing)
                return;

        /* When orom adds replacement for missing disk it does
         * not remove entry of missing disk, but just updates map with
         * new added disk. So it is not enough just to test if there is
         * any missing disk, we have to look if there are any failed disks
         * in map to stop migration */

        dprintf("imsm: mark missing\n");
        /* end process for initialization and rebuild only
         */
        if (is_gen_migration(dev) == 0) {
                int failed = imsm_count_failed(super, dev, MAP_0);

                if (failed) {
                        __u8 map_state;
                        struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
                        struct imsm_map *map1;
                        int i, ord, ord_map1;
                        int rebuilt = 1;

                        for (i = 0; i < map->num_members; i++) {
                                ord = get_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(dev, i, MAP_0);
                                if (!(ord & IMSM_ORD_REBUILD))
                                        continue;

                                map1 = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);
                                if (!map1)
                                        continue;

                                ord_map1 = __le32_to_cpu(map1->disk_ord_tbl[i]);
                                if (ord_map1 & IMSM_ORD_REBUILD)
                                        rebuilt = 0;
                        }

                        if (rebuilt) {
                                map_state = imsm_check_degraded(super, dev,
                                                                failed, MAP_0);
                                end_migration(dev, super, map_state);
                        }
                }
        }
        for (dl = super->missing; dl; dl = dl->next)
                mark_missing(super, dev, &dl->disk, dl->index);
        super->updates_pending++;
}

static unsigned long long imsm_set_array_size(struct imsm_dev *dev,
                                              long long new_size)
{
        unsigned long long array_blocks;
        struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
        int used_disks = imsm_num_data_members(map);

        if (used_disks == 0) {
                /* when problems occures
                 * return current array_blocks value
                 */
                array_blocks = imsm_dev_size(dev);

                return array_blocks;
        }

        /* set array size in metadata
         */
        if (new_size <= 0)
                /* OLCE size change is caused by added disks
                 */
                array_blocks = per_dev_array_size(map) * used_disks;
        else
                /* Online Volume Size Change
                 * Using  available free space
                 */
                array_blocks = new_size;

        array_blocks = round_size_to_mb(array_blocks, used_disks);
        set_imsm_dev_size(dev, array_blocks);

        return array_blocks;
}

static void imsm_set_disk(struct active_array *a, int n, int state);

static void imsm_progress_container_reshape(struct intel_super *super)
{
        /* if no device has a migr_state, but some device has a
         * different number of members than the previous device, start
         * changing the number of devices in this device to match
         * previous.
         */
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
        int prev_disks = -1;
        int i;
        int copy_map_size;

        for (i = 0; i < mpb->num_raid_devs; i++) {
                struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, i);
                struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
                struct imsm_map *map2;
                int prev_num_members;

                if (dev->vol.migr_state)
                        return;

                if (prev_disks == -1)
                        prev_disks = map->num_members;
                if (prev_disks == map->num_members)
                        continue;

                /* OK, this array needs to enter reshape mode.
                 * i.e it needs a migr_state
                 */

                copy_map_size = sizeof_imsm_map(map);
                prev_num_members = map->num_members;
                map->num_members = prev_disks;
                dev->vol.migr_state = 1;
                dev->vol.curr_migr_unit = 0;
                set_migr_type(dev, MIGR_GEN_MIGR);
                for (i = prev_num_members;
                     i < map->num_members; i++)
                        set_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(map, i, i);
                map2 = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);
                /* Copy the current map */
                memcpy(map2, map, copy_map_size);
                map2->num_members = prev_num_members;

                imsm_set_array_size(dev, -1);
                super->clean_migration_record_by_mdmon = 1;
                super->updates_pending++;
        }
}

/* Handle dirty -> clean transititions, resync and reshape.  Degraded and rebuild
 * states are handled in imsm_set_disk() with one exception, when a
 * resync is stopped due to a new failure this routine will set the
 * 'degraded' state for the array.
 */
static int imsm_set_array_state(struct active_array *a, int consistent)
{
        int inst = a->info.container_member;
        struct intel_super *super = a->container->sb;
        struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, inst);
        struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
        int failed = imsm_count_failed(super, dev, MAP_0);
        __u8 map_state = imsm_check_degraded(super, dev, failed, MAP_0);
        __u32 blocks_per_unit;

        if (dev->vol.migr_state &&
            dev->vol.migr_type  == MIGR_GEN_MIGR) {
                /* array state change is blocked due to reshape action
                 * We might need to
                 * - abort the reshape (if last_checkpoint is 0 and action!= reshape)
                 * - finish the reshape (if last_checkpoint is big and action != reshape)
                 * - update curr_migr_unit
                 */
                if (a->curr_action == reshape) {
                        /* still reshaping, maybe update curr_migr_unit */
                        goto mark_checkpoint;
                } else {
                        if (a->last_checkpoint == 0 && a->prev_action == reshape) {
                                /* for some reason we aborted the reshape.
                                 *
                                 * disable automatic metadata rollback
                                 * user action is required to recover process
                                 */
                                if (0) {
                                        struct imsm_map *map2 =
                                                get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);
                                        dev->vol.migr_state = 0;
                                        set_migr_type(dev, 0);
                                        dev->vol.curr_migr_unit = 0;
                                        memcpy(map, map2,
                                               sizeof_imsm_map(map2));
                                        super->updates_pending++;
                                }
                        }
                        if (a->last_checkpoint >= a->info.component_size) {
                                unsigned long long array_blocks;
                                int used_disks;
                                struct mdinfo *mdi;

                                used_disks = imsm_num_data_members(map);
                                if (used_disks > 0) {
                                        array_blocks =
                                                per_dev_array_size(map) *
                                                used_disks;
                                        array_blocks =
                                                round_size_to_mb(array_blocks,
                                                                 used_disks);
                                        a->info.custom_array_size = array_blocks;
                                        /* encourage manager to update array
                                         * size
                                         */

                                        a->check_reshape = 1;
                                }
                                /* finalize online capacity expansion/reshape */
                                for (mdi = a->info.devs; mdi; mdi = mdi->next)
                                        imsm_set_disk(a,
                                                      mdi->disk.raid_disk,
                                                      mdi->curr_state);

                                imsm_progress_container_reshape(super);
                        }
                }
        }

        /* before we activate this array handle any missing disks */
        if (consistent == 2)
                handle_missing(super, dev);

        if (consistent == 2 &&
            (!is_resync_complete(&a->info) ||
             map_state != IMSM_T_STATE_NORMAL ||
             dev->vol.migr_state))
                consistent = 0;

        if (is_resync_complete(&a->info)) {
                /* complete intialization / resync,
                 * recovery and interrupted recovery is completed in
                 * ->set_disk
                 */
                if (is_resyncing(dev)) {
                        dprintf("imsm: mark resync done\n");
                        end_migration(dev, super, map_state);
                        super->updates_pending++;
                        a->last_checkpoint = 0;
                }
        } else if ((!is_resyncing(dev) && !failed) &&
                   (imsm_reshape_blocks_arrays_changes(super) == 0)) {
                /* mark the start of the init process if nothing is failed */
                dprintf("imsm: mark resync start\n");
                if (map->map_state == IMSM_T_STATE_UNINITIALIZED)
                        migrate(dev, super, IMSM_T_STATE_NORMAL, MIGR_INIT);
                else
                        migrate(dev, super, IMSM_T_STATE_NORMAL, MIGR_REPAIR);
                super->updates_pending++;
        }

mark_checkpoint:
        /* skip checkpointing for general migration,
         * it is controlled in mdadm
         */
        if (is_gen_migration(dev))
                goto skip_mark_checkpoint;

        /* check if we can update curr_migr_unit from resync_start, recovery_start */
        blocks_per_unit = blocks_per_migr_unit(super, dev);
        if (blocks_per_unit) {
                __u32 units32;
                __u64 units;

                units = a->last_checkpoint / blocks_per_unit;
                units32 = units;

                /* check that we did not overflow 32-bits, and that
                 * curr_migr_unit needs updating
                 */
                if (units32 == units &&
                    units32 != 0 &&
                    __le32_to_cpu(dev->vol.curr_migr_unit) != units32) {
                        dprintf("imsm: mark checkpoint (%u)\n", units32);
                        dev->vol.curr_migr_unit = __cpu_to_le32(units32);
                        super->updates_pending++;
                }
        }

skip_mark_checkpoint:
        /* mark dirty / clean */
        if (((dev->vol.dirty & RAIDVOL_DIRTY) && consistent) ||
            (!(dev->vol.dirty & RAIDVOL_DIRTY) && !consistent)) {
                dprintf("imsm: mark '%s'\n", consistent ? "clean" : "dirty");
                if (consistent) {
                        dev->vol.dirty = RAIDVOL_CLEAN;
                } else {
                        dev->vol.dirty = RAIDVOL_DIRTY;
                        if (dev->rwh_policy == RWH_DISTRIBUTED ||
                            dev->rwh_policy == RWH_MULTIPLE_DISTRIBUTED)
                                dev->vol.dirty |= RAIDVOL_DSRECORD_VALID;
                }
                super->updates_pending++;
        }

        return consistent;
}

static int imsm_disk_slot_to_ord(struct active_array *a, int slot)
{
        int inst = a->info.container_member;
        struct intel_super *super = a->container->sb;
        struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, inst);
        struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);

        if (slot > map->num_members) {
                pr_err("imsm: imsm_disk_slot_to_ord %d out of range 0..%d\n",
                       slot, map->num_members - 1);
                return -1;
        }

        if (slot < 0)
                return -1;

        return get_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(dev, slot, MAP_0);
}

static void imsm_set_disk(struct active_array *a, int n, int state)
{
        int inst = a->info.container_member;
        struct intel_super *super = a->container->sb;
        struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, inst);
        struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
        struct imsm_disk *disk;
        struct mdinfo *mdi;
        int recovery_not_finished = 0;
        int failed;
        int ord;
        __u8 map_state;
        int rebuild_done = 0;
        int i;

        ord = get_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(dev, n, MAP_X);
        if (ord < 0)
                return;

        dprintf("imsm: set_disk %d:%x\n", n, state);
        disk = get_imsm_disk(super, ord_to_idx(ord));

        /* check for new failures */
        if (disk && (state & DS_FAULTY)) {
                if (mark_failure(super, dev, disk, ord_to_idx(ord)))
                        super->updates_pending++;
        }

        /* check if in_sync */
        if (state & DS_INSYNC && ord & IMSM_ORD_REBUILD && is_rebuilding(dev)) {
                struct imsm_map *migr_map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);

                set_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(migr_map, n, ord_to_idx(ord));
                rebuild_done = 1;
                super->updates_pending++;
        }

        failed = imsm_count_failed(super, dev, MAP_0);
        map_state = imsm_check_degraded(super, dev, failed, MAP_0);

        /* check if recovery complete, newly degraded, or failed */
        dprintf("imsm: Detected transition to state ");
        switch (map_state) {
        case IMSM_T_STATE_NORMAL: /* transition to normal state */
                dprintf("normal: ");
                if (is_rebuilding(dev)) {
                        dprintf_cont("while rebuilding");
                        /* check if recovery is really finished */
                        for (mdi = a->info.devs; mdi ; mdi = mdi->next)
                                if (mdi->recovery_start != MaxSector) {
                                        recovery_not_finished = 1;
                                        break;
                                }
                        if (recovery_not_finished) {
                                dprintf_cont("\n");
                                dprintf("Rebuild has not finished yet, state not changed");
                                if (a->last_checkpoint < mdi->recovery_start) {
                                        a->last_checkpoint = mdi->recovery_start;
                                        super->updates_pending++;
                                }
                                break;
                        }
                        end_migration(dev, super, map_state);
                        map->failed_disk_num = ~0;
                        super->updates_pending++;
                        a->last_checkpoint = 0;
                        break;
                }
                if (is_gen_migration(dev)) {
                        dprintf_cont("while general migration");
                        if (a->last_checkpoint >= a->info.component_size)
                                end_migration(dev, super, map_state);
                        else
                                map->map_state = map_state;
                        map->failed_disk_num = ~0;
                        super->updates_pending++;
                        break;
                }
        break;
        case IMSM_T_STATE_DEGRADED: /* transition to degraded state */
                dprintf_cont("degraded: ");
                if (map->map_state != map_state && !dev->vol.migr_state) {
                        dprintf_cont("mark degraded");
                        map->map_state = map_state;
                        super->updates_pending++;
                        a->last_checkpoint = 0;
                        break;
                }
                if (is_rebuilding(dev)) {
                        dprintf_cont("while rebuilding ");
                        if (state & DS_FAULTY)  {
                                dprintf_cont("removing failed drive ");
                                if (n == map->failed_disk_num) {
                                        dprintf_cont("end migration");
                                        end_migration(dev, super, map_state);
                                        a->last_checkpoint = 0;
                                } else {
                                        dprintf_cont("fail detected during rebuild, changing map state");
                                        map->map_state = map_state;
                                }
                                super->updates_pending++;
                        }

                        if (!rebuild_done)
                                break;

                        /* check if recovery is really finished */
                        for (mdi = a->info.devs; mdi ; mdi = mdi->next)
                                if (mdi->recovery_start != MaxSector) {
                                        recovery_not_finished = 1;
                                        break;
                                }
                        if (recovery_not_finished) {
                                dprintf_cont("\n");
                                dprintf_cont("Rebuild has not finished yet");
                                if (a->last_checkpoint < mdi->recovery_start) {
                                        a->last_checkpoint =
                                                mdi->recovery_start;
                                        super->updates_pending++;
                                }
                                break;
                        }

                        dprintf_cont(" Rebuild done, still degraded");
                        end_migration(dev, super, map_state);
                        a->last_checkpoint = 0;
                        super->updates_pending++;

                        for (i = 0; i < map->num_members; i++) {
                                int idx = get_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(dev, i, MAP_0);

                                if (idx & IMSM_ORD_REBUILD)
                                        map->failed_disk_num = i;
                        }
                        super->updates_pending++;
                        break;
                }
                if (is_gen_migration(dev)) {
                        dprintf_cont("while general migration");
                        if (a->last_checkpoint >= a->info.component_size)
                                end_migration(dev, super, map_state);
                        else {
                                map->map_state = map_state;
                                manage_second_map(super, dev);
                        }
                        super->updates_pending++;
                        break;
                }
                if (is_initializing(dev)) {
                        dprintf_cont("while initialization.");
                        map->map_state = map_state;
                        super->updates_pending++;
                        break;
                }
        break;
        case IMSM_T_STATE_FAILED: /* transition to failed state */
                dprintf_cont("failed: ");
                if (is_gen_migration(dev)) {
                        dprintf_cont("while general migration");
                        map->map_state = map_state;
                        super->updates_pending++;
                        break;
                }
                if (map->map_state != map_state) {
                        dprintf_cont("mark failed");
                        end_migration(dev, super, map_state);
                        super->updates_pending++;
                        a->last_checkpoint = 0;
                        break;
                }
        break;
        default:
                dprintf_cont("state %i\n", map_state);
        }
        dprintf_cont("\n");
}

static int store_imsm_mpb(int fd, struct imsm_super *mpb)
{
        void *buf = mpb;
        __u32 mpb_size = __le32_to_cpu(mpb->mpb_size);
        unsigned long long dsize;
        unsigned long long sectors;
        unsigned int sector_size;

        get_dev_sector_size(fd, NULL, &sector_size);
        get_dev_size(fd, NULL, &dsize);

        if (mpb_size > sector_size) {
                /* -1 to account for anchor */
                sectors = mpb_sectors(mpb, sector_size) - 1;

                /* write the extended mpb to the sectors preceeding the anchor */
                if (lseek64(fd, dsize - (sector_size * (2 + sectors)),
                   SEEK_SET) < 0)
                        return 1;

                if ((unsigned long long)write(fd, buf + sector_size,
                   sector_size * sectors) != sector_size * sectors)
                        return 1;
        }

        /* first block is stored on second to last sector of the disk */
        if (lseek64(fd, dsize - (sector_size * 2), SEEK_SET) < 0)
                return 1;

        if ((unsigned int)write(fd, buf, sector_size) != sector_size)
                return 1;

        return 0;
}

static void imsm_sync_metadata(struct supertype *container)
{
        struct intel_super *super = container->sb;

        dprintf("sync metadata: %d\n", super->updates_pending);
        if (!super->updates_pending)
                return;

        write_super_imsm(container, 0);

        super->updates_pending = 0;
}

static struct dl *imsm_readd(struct intel_super *super, int idx, struct active_array *a)
{
        struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, a->info.container_member);
        int i = get_imsm_disk_idx(dev, idx, MAP_X);
        struct dl *dl;

        for (dl = super->disks; dl; dl = dl->next)
                if (dl->index == i)
                        break;

        if (dl && is_failed(&dl->disk))
                dl = NULL;

        if (dl)
                dprintf("found %x:%x\n", dl->major, dl->minor);

        return dl;
}

static struct dl *imsm_add_spare(struct intel_super *super, int slot,
                                 struct active_array *a, int activate_new,
                                 struct mdinfo *additional_test_list)
{
        struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, a->info.container_member);
        int idx = get_imsm_disk_idx(dev, slot, MAP_X);
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
        struct imsm_map *map;
        unsigned long long pos;
        struct mdinfo *d;
        struct extent *ex;
        int i, j;
        int found;
        __u32 array_start = 0;
        __u32 array_end = 0;
        struct dl *dl;
        struct mdinfo *test_list;

        for (dl = super->disks; dl; dl = dl->next) {
                /* If in this array, skip */
                for (d = a->info.devs ; d ; d = d->next)
                        if (d->state_fd >= 0 &&
                            d->disk.major == dl->major &&
                            d->disk.minor == dl->minor) {
                                dprintf("%x:%x already in array\n",
                                        dl->major, dl->minor);
                                break;
                        }
                if (d)
                        continue;
                test_list = additional_test_list;
                while (test_list) {
                        if (test_list->disk.major == dl->major &&
                            test_list->disk.minor == dl->minor) {
                                dprintf("%x:%x already in additional test list\n",
                                        dl->major, dl->minor);
                                break;
                        }
                        test_list = test_list->next;
                }
                if (test_list)
                        continue;

                /* skip in use or failed drives */
                if (is_failed(&dl->disk) || idx == dl->index ||
                    dl->index == -2) {
                        dprintf("%x:%x status (failed: %d index: %d)\n",
                                dl->major, dl->minor, is_failed(&dl->disk), idx);
                        continue;
                }

                /* skip pure spares when we are looking for partially
                 * assimilated drives
                 */
                if (dl->index == -1 && !activate_new)
                        continue;

                if (!drive_validate_sector_size(super, dl))
                        continue;

                /* Does this unused device have the requisite free space?
                 * It needs to be able to cover all member volumes
                 */
                ex = get_extents(super, dl, 1);
                if (!ex) {
                        dprintf("cannot get extents\n");
                        continue;
                }
                for (i = 0; i < mpb->num_raid_devs; i++) {
                        dev = get_imsm_dev(super, i);
                        map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);

                        /* check if this disk is already a member of
                         * this array
                         */
                        if (get_imsm_disk_slot(map, dl->index) >= 0)
                                continue;

                        found = 0;
                        j = 0;
                        pos = 0;
                        array_start = pba_of_lba0(map);
                        array_end = array_start +
                                    per_dev_array_size(map) - 1;

                        do {
                                /* check that we can start at pba_of_lba0 with
                                 * num_data_stripes*blocks_per_stripe of space
                                 */
                                if (array_start >= pos && array_end < ex[j].start) {
                                        found = 1;
                                        break;
                                }
                                pos = ex[j].start + ex[j].size;
                                j++;
                        } while (ex[j-1].size);

                        if (!found)
                                break;
                }

                free(ex);
                if (i < mpb->num_raid_devs) {
                        dprintf("%x:%x does not have %u to %u available\n",
                                dl->major, dl->minor, array_start, array_end);
                        /* No room */
                        continue;
                }
                return dl;
        }

        return dl;
}

static int imsm_rebuild_allowed(struct supertype *cont, int dev_idx, int failed)
{
        struct imsm_dev *dev2;
        struct imsm_map *map;
        struct dl *idisk;
        int slot;
        int idx;
        __u8 state;

        dev2 = get_imsm_dev(cont->sb, dev_idx);
        if (dev2) {
                state = imsm_check_degraded(cont->sb, dev2, failed, MAP_0);
                if (state == IMSM_T_STATE_FAILED) {
                        map = get_imsm_map(dev2, MAP_0);
                        if (!map)
                                return 1;
                        for (slot = 0; slot < map->num_members; slot++) {
                                /*
                                 * Check if failed disks are deleted from intel
                                 * disk list or are marked to be deleted
                                 */
                                idx = get_imsm_disk_idx(dev2, slot, MAP_X);
                                idisk = get_imsm_dl_disk(cont->sb, idx);
                                /*
                                 * Do not rebuild the array if failed disks
                                 * from failed sub-array are not removed from
                                 * container.
                                 */
                                if (idisk &&
                                    is_failed(&idisk->disk) &&
                                    (idisk->action != DISK_REMOVE))
                                        return 0;
                        }
                }
        }
        return 1;
}

static struct mdinfo *imsm_activate_spare(struct active_array *a,
                                          struct metadata_update **updates)
{
        /**
         * Find a device with unused free space and use it to replace a
         * failed/vacant region in an array.  We replace failed regions one a
         * array at a time.  The result is that a new spare disk will be added
         * to the first failed array and after the monitor has finished
         * propagating failures the remainder will be consumed.
         *
         * FIXME add a capability for mdmon to request spares from another
         * container.
         */

        struct intel_super *super = a->container->sb;
        int inst = a->info.container_member;
        struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, inst);
        struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
        int failed = a->info.array.raid_disks;
        struct mdinfo *rv = NULL;
        struct mdinfo *d;
        struct mdinfo *di;
        struct metadata_update *mu;
        struct dl *dl;
        struct imsm_update_activate_spare *u;
        int num_spares = 0;
        int i;
        int allowed;

        for (d = a->info.devs ; d ; d = d->next) {
                if ((d->curr_state & DS_FAULTY) &&
                        d->state_fd >= 0)
                        /* wait for Removal to happen */
                        return NULL;
                if (d->state_fd >= 0)
                        failed--;
        }

        dprintf("imsm: activate spare: inst=%d failed=%d (%d) level=%d\n",
                inst, failed, a->info.array.raid_disks, a->info.array.level);

        if (imsm_reshape_blocks_arrays_changes(super))
                        return NULL;

        /* Cannot activate another spare if rebuild is in progress already
         */
        if (is_rebuilding(dev)) {
                dprintf("imsm: No spare activation allowed. Rebuild in progress already.\n");
                return NULL;
        }

        if (a->info.array.level == 4)
                /* No repair for takeovered array
                 * imsm doesn't support raid4
                 */
                return NULL;

        if (imsm_check_degraded(super, dev, failed, MAP_0) !=
                        IMSM_T_STATE_DEGRADED)
                return NULL;

        if (get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0)->map_state == IMSM_T_STATE_UNINITIALIZED) {
                dprintf("imsm: No spare activation allowed. Volume is not initialized.\n");
                return NULL;
        }

        /*
         * If there are any failed disks check state of the other volume.
         * Block rebuild if the another one is failed until failed disks
         * are removed from container.
         */
        if (failed) {
                dprintf("found failed disks in %.*s, check if there anotherfailed sub-array.\n",
                        MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN, dev->volume);
                /* check if states of the other volumes allow for rebuild */
                for (i = 0; i <  super->anchor->num_raid_devs; i++) {
                        if (i != inst) {
                                allowed = imsm_rebuild_allowed(a->container,
                                                               i, failed);
                                if (!allowed)
                                        return NULL;
                        }
                }
        }

        /* For each slot, if it is not working, find a spare */
        for (i = 0; i < a->info.array.raid_disks; i++) {
                for (d = a->info.devs ; d ; d = d->next)
                        if (d->disk.raid_disk == i)
                                break;
                dprintf("found %d: %p %x\n", i, d, d?d->curr_state:0);
                if (d && (d->state_fd >= 0))
                        continue;

                /*
                 * OK, this device needs recovery.  Try to re-add the
                 * previous occupant of this slot, if this fails see if
                 * we can continue the assimilation of a spare that was
                 * partially assimilated, finally try to activate a new
                 * spare.
                 */
                dl = imsm_readd(super, i, a);
                if (!dl)
                        dl = imsm_add_spare(super, i, a, 0, rv);
                if (!dl)
                        dl = imsm_add_spare(super, i, a, 1, rv);
                if (!dl)
                        continue;

                /* found a usable disk with enough space */
                di = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*di));

                /* dl->index will be -1 in the case we are activating a
                 * pristine spare.  imsm_process_update() will create a
                 * new index in this case.  Once a disk is found to be
                 * failed in all member arrays it is kicked from the
                 * metadata
                 */
                di->disk.number = dl->index;

                /* (ab)use di->devs to store a pointer to the device
                 * we chose
                 */
                di->devs = (struct mdinfo *) dl;

                di->disk.raid_disk = i;
                di->disk.major = dl->major;
                di->disk.minor = dl->minor;
                di->disk.state = 0;
                di->recovery_start = 0;
                di->data_offset = pba_of_lba0(map);
                di->component_size = a->info.component_size;
                di->container_member = inst;
                di->bb.supported = 1;
                if (a->info.consistency_policy == CONSISTENCY_POLICY_PPL) {
                        di->ppl_sector = get_ppl_sector(super, inst);
                        di->ppl_size = MULTIPLE_PPL_AREA_SIZE_IMSM >> 9;
                }
                super->random = random32();
                di->next = rv;
                rv = di;
                num_spares++;
                dprintf("%x:%x to be %d at %llu\n", dl->major, dl->minor,
                        i, di->data_offset);
        }

        if (!rv)
                /* No spares found */
                return rv;
        /* Now 'rv' has a list of devices to return.
         * Create a metadata_update record to update the
         * disk_ord_tbl for the array
         */
        mu = xmalloc(sizeof(*mu));
        mu->buf = xcalloc(num_spares,
                          sizeof(struct imsm_update_activate_spare));
        mu->space = NULL;
        mu->space_list = NULL;
        mu->len = sizeof(struct imsm_update_activate_spare) * num_spares;
        mu->next = *updates;
        u = (struct imsm_update_activate_spare *) mu->buf;

        for (di = rv ; di ; di = di->next) {
                u->type = update_activate_spare;
                u->dl = (struct dl *) di->devs;
                di->devs = NULL;
                u->slot = di->disk.raid_disk;
                u->array = inst;
                u->next = u + 1;
                u++;
        }
        (u-1)->next = NULL;
        *updates = mu;

        return rv;
}

static int disks_overlap(struct intel_super *super, int idx, struct imsm_update_create_array *u)
{
        struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, idx);
        struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
        struct imsm_map *new_map = get_imsm_map(&u->dev, MAP_0);
        struct disk_info *inf = get_disk_info(u);
        struct imsm_disk *disk;
        int i;
        int j;

        for (i = 0; i < map->num_members; i++) {
                disk = get_imsm_disk(super, get_imsm_disk_idx(dev, i, MAP_X));
                for (j = 0; j < new_map->num_members; j++)
                        if (serialcmp(disk->serial, inf[j].serial) == 0)
                                return 1;
        }

        return 0;
}

static struct dl *get_disk_super(struct intel_super *super, int major, int minor)
{
        struct dl *dl;

        for (dl = super->disks; dl; dl = dl->next)
                if (dl->major == major &&  dl->minor == minor)
                        return dl;
        return NULL;
}

static int remove_disk_super(struct intel_super *super, int major, int minor)
{
        struct dl *prev;
        struct dl *dl;

        prev = NULL;
        for (dl = super->disks; dl; dl = dl->next) {
                if (dl->major == major && dl->minor == minor) {
                        /* remove */
                        if (prev)
                                prev->next = dl->next;
                        else
                                super->disks = dl->next;
                        dl->next = NULL;
                        __free_imsm_disk(dl);
                        dprintf("removed %x:%x\n", major, minor);
                        break;
                }
                prev = dl;
        }
        return 0;
}

static void imsm_delete(struct intel_super *super, struct dl **dlp, unsigned index);

static int add_remove_disk_update(struct intel_super *super)
{
        int check_degraded = 0;
        struct dl *disk;

        /* add/remove some spares to/from the metadata/contrainer */
        while (super->disk_mgmt_list) {
                struct dl *disk_cfg;

                disk_cfg = super->disk_mgmt_list;
                super->disk_mgmt_list = disk_cfg->next;
                disk_cfg->next = NULL;

                if (disk_cfg->action == DISK_ADD) {
                        disk_cfg->next = super->disks;
                        super->disks = disk_cfg;
                        check_degraded = 1;
                        dprintf("added %x:%x\n",
                                disk_cfg->major, disk_cfg->minor);
                } else if (disk_cfg->action == DISK_REMOVE) {
                        dprintf("Disk remove action processed: %x.%x\n",
                                disk_cfg->major, disk_cfg->minor);
                        disk = get_disk_super(super,
                                              disk_cfg->major,
                                              disk_cfg->minor);
                        if (disk) {
                                /* store action status */
                                disk->action = DISK_REMOVE;
                                /* remove spare disks only */
                                if (disk->index == -1) {
                                        remove_disk_super(super,
                                                          disk_cfg->major,
                                                          disk_cfg->minor);
                                } else {
                                        disk_cfg->fd = disk->fd;
                                        disk->fd = -1;
                                }
                        }
                        /* release allocate disk structure */
                        __free_imsm_disk(disk_cfg);
                }
        }
        return check_degraded;
}

static int apply_reshape_migration_update(struct imsm_update_reshape_migration *u,
                                                struct intel_super *super,
                                                void ***space_list)
{
        struct intel_dev *id;
        void **tofree = NULL;
        int ret_val = 0;

        dprintf("(enter)\n");
        if (u->subdev < 0 || u->subdev > 1) {
                dprintf("imsm: Error: Wrong subdev: %i\n", u->subdev);
                return ret_val;
        }
        if (space_list == NULL || *space_list == NULL) {
                dprintf("imsm: Error: Memory is not allocated\n");
                return ret_val;
        }

        for (id = super->devlist ; id; id = id->next) {
                if (id->index == (unsigned)u->subdev) {
                        struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, u->subdev);
                        struct imsm_map *map;
                        struct imsm_dev *new_dev =
                                (struct imsm_dev *)*space_list;
                        struct imsm_map *migr_map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);
                        int to_state;
                        struct dl *new_disk;

                        if (new_dev == NULL)
                                return ret_val;
                        *space_list = **space_list;
                        memcpy(new_dev, dev, sizeof_imsm_dev(dev, 0));
                        map = get_imsm_map(new_dev, MAP_0);
                        if (migr_map) {
                                dprintf("imsm: Error: migration in progress");
                                return ret_val;
                        }

                        to_state = map->map_state;
                        if ((u->new_level == 5) && (map->raid_level == 0)) {
                                map->num_members++;
                                /* this should not happen */
                                if (u->new_disks[0] < 0) {
                                        map->failed_disk_num =
                                                map->num_members - 1;
                                        to_state = IMSM_T_STATE_DEGRADED;
                                } else
                                        to_state = IMSM_T_STATE_NORMAL;
                        }
                        migrate(new_dev, super, to_state, MIGR_GEN_MIGR);
                        if (u->new_level > -1)
                                map->raid_level = u->new_level;
                        migr_map = get_imsm_map(new_dev, MAP_1);
                        if ((u->new_level == 5) &&
                            (migr_map->raid_level == 0)) {
                                int ord = map->num_members - 1;
                                migr_map->num_members--;
                                if (u->new_disks[0] < 0)
                                        ord |= IMSM_ORD_REBUILD;
                                set_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(map,
                                                     map->num_members - 1,
                                                     ord);
                        }
                        id->dev = new_dev;
                        tofree = (void **)dev;

                        /* update chunk size
                         */
                        if (u->new_chunksize > 0) {
                                unsigned long long num_data_stripes;
                                struct imsm_map *dest_map =
                                        get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
                                int used_disks =
                                        imsm_num_data_members(dest_map);

                                if (used_disks == 0)
                                        return ret_val;

                                map->blocks_per_strip =
                                        __cpu_to_le16(u->new_chunksize * 2);
                                num_data_stripes =
                                        imsm_dev_size(dev) / used_disks;
                                num_data_stripes /= map->blocks_per_strip;
                                num_data_stripes /= map->num_domains;
                                set_num_data_stripes(map, num_data_stripes);
                        }

                        /* ensure blocks_per_member has valid value
                         */
                        set_blocks_per_member(map,
                                              per_dev_array_size(map) +
                                              NUM_BLOCKS_DIRTY_STRIPE_REGION);

                        /* add disk
                         */
                        if (u->new_level != 5 || migr_map->raid_level != 0 ||
                            migr_map->raid_level == map->raid_level)
                                goto skip_disk_add;

                        if (u->new_disks[0] >= 0) {
                                /* use passes spare
                                 */
                                new_disk = get_disk_super(super,
                                                        major(u->new_disks[0]),
                                                        minor(u->new_disks[0]));
                                dprintf("imsm: new disk for reshape is: %i:%i (%p, index = %i)\n",
                                        major(u->new_disks[0]),
                                        minor(u->new_disks[0]),
                                        new_disk, new_disk->index);
                                if (new_disk == NULL)
                                        goto error_disk_add;

                                new_disk->index = map->num_members - 1;
                                /* slot to fill in autolayout
                                 */
                                new_disk->raiddisk = new_disk->index;
                                new_disk->disk.status |= CONFIGURED_DISK;
                                new_disk->disk.status &= ~SPARE_DISK;
                        } else
                                goto error_disk_add;

skip_disk_add:
                        *tofree = *space_list;
                        /* calculate new size
                         */
                        imsm_set_array_size(new_dev, -1);

                        ret_val = 1;
                }
        }

        if (tofree)
                *space_list = tofree;
        return ret_val;

error_disk_add:
        dprintf("Error: imsm: Cannot find disk.\n");
        return ret_val;
}

static int apply_size_change_update(struct imsm_update_size_change *u,
                struct intel_super *super)
{
        struct intel_dev *id;
        int ret_val = 0;

        dprintf("(enter)\n");
        if (u->subdev < 0 || u->subdev > 1) {
                dprintf("imsm: Error: Wrong subdev: %i\n", u->subdev);
                return ret_val;
        }

        for (id = super->devlist ; id; id = id->next) {
                if (id->index == (unsigned)u->subdev) {
                        struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, u->subdev);
                        struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
                        int used_disks = imsm_num_data_members(map);
                        unsigned long long blocks_per_member;
                        unsigned long long num_data_stripes;
                        unsigned long long new_size_per_disk;

                        if (used_disks == 0)
                                return 0;

                        /* calculate new size
                         */
                        new_size_per_disk = u->new_size / used_disks;
                        blocks_per_member = new_size_per_disk +
                                            NUM_BLOCKS_DIRTY_STRIPE_REGION;
                        num_data_stripes = new_size_per_disk /
                                           map->blocks_per_strip;
                        num_data_stripes /= map->num_domains;
                        dprintf("(size: %llu, blocks per member: %llu, num_data_stipes: %llu)\n",
                                u->new_size, new_size_per_disk,
                                num_data_stripes);
                        set_blocks_per_member(map, blocks_per_member);
                        set_num_data_stripes(map, num_data_stripes);
                        imsm_set_array_size(dev, u->new_size);

                        ret_val = 1;
                        break;
                }
        }

        return ret_val;
}

static int prepare_spare_to_activate(struct supertype *st,
                                     struct imsm_update_activate_spare *u)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        int prev_current_vol = super->current_vol;
        struct active_array *a;
        int ret = 1;

        for (a = st->arrays; a; a = a->next)
                /*
                 * Additional initialization (adding bitmap header, filling
                 * the bitmap area with '1's to force initial rebuild for a whole
                 * data-area) is required when adding the spare to the volume
                 * with write-intent bitmap.
                 */
                if (a->info.container_member == u->array &&
                    a->info.consistency_policy == CONSISTENCY_POLICY_BITMAP) {
                        struct dl *dl;

                        for (dl = super->disks; dl; dl = dl->next)
                                if (dl == u->dl)
                                        break;
                        if (!dl)
                                break;

                        super->current_vol = u->array;
                        if (st->ss->write_bitmap(st, dl->fd, NoUpdate))
                                ret = 0;
                        super->current_vol = prev_current_vol;
                }
        return ret;
}

static int apply_update_activate_spare(struct imsm_update_activate_spare *u,
                                       struct intel_super *super,
                                       struct active_array *active_array)
{
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
        struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, u->array);
        struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
        struct imsm_map *migr_map;
        struct active_array *a;
        struct imsm_disk *disk;
        __u8 to_state;
        struct dl *dl;
        unsigned int found;
        int failed;
        int victim;
        int i;
        int second_map_created = 0;

        for (; u; u = u->next) {
                victim = get_imsm_disk_idx(dev, u->slot, MAP_X);

                if (victim < 0)
                        return 0;

                for (dl = super->disks; dl; dl = dl->next)
                        if (dl == u->dl)
                                break;

                if (!dl) {
                        pr_err("error: imsm_activate_spare passed an unknown disk (index: %d)\n",
                                u->dl->index);
                        return 0;
                }

                /* count failures (excluding rebuilds and the victim)
                 * to determine map[0] state
                 */
                failed = 0;
                for (i = 0; i < map->num_members; i++) {
                        if (i == u->slot)
                                continue;
                        disk = get_imsm_disk(super,
                                             get_imsm_disk_idx(dev, i, MAP_X));
                        if (!disk || is_failed(disk))
                                failed++;
                }

                /* adding a pristine spare, assign a new index */
                if (dl->index < 0) {
                        dl->index = super->anchor->num_disks;
                        super->anchor->num_disks++;
                }
                disk = &dl->disk;
                disk->status |= CONFIGURED_DISK;
                disk->status &= ~SPARE_DISK;

                /* mark rebuild */
                to_state = imsm_check_degraded(super, dev, failed, MAP_0);
                if (!second_map_created) {
                        second_map_created = 1;
                        map->map_state = IMSM_T_STATE_DEGRADED;
                        migrate(dev, super, to_state, MIGR_REBUILD);
                } else
                        map->map_state = to_state;
                migr_map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);
                set_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(map, u->slot, dl->index);
                set_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(migr_map, u->slot,
                                     dl->index | IMSM_ORD_REBUILD);

                /* update the family_num to mark a new container
                 * generation, being careful to record the existing
                 * family_num in orig_family_num to clean up after
                 * earlier mdadm versions that neglected to set it.
                 */
                if (mpb->orig_family_num == 0)
                        mpb->orig_family_num = mpb->family_num;
                mpb->family_num += super->random;

                /* count arrays using the victim in the metadata */
                found = 0;
                for (a = active_array; a ; a = a->next) {
                        dev = get_imsm_dev(super, a->info.container_member);
                        map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);

                        if (get_imsm_disk_slot(map, victim) >= 0)
                                found++;
                }

                /* delete the victim if it is no longer being
                 * utilized anywhere
                 */
                if (!found) {
                        struct dl **dlp;

                        /* We know that 'manager' isn't touching anything,
                         * so it is safe to delete
                         */
                        for (dlp = &super->disks; *dlp; dlp = &(*dlp)->next)
                                if ((*dlp)->index == victim)
                                        break;

                        /* victim may be on the missing list */
                        if (!*dlp)
                                for (dlp = &super->missing; *dlp;
                                     dlp = &(*dlp)->next)
                                        if ((*dlp)->index == victim)
                                                break;
                        imsm_delete(super, dlp, victim);
                }
        }

        return 1;
}

static int apply_reshape_container_disks_update(struct imsm_update_reshape *u,
                                                struct intel_super *super,
                                                void ***space_list)
{
        struct dl *new_disk;
        struct intel_dev *id;
        int i;
        int delta_disks = u->new_raid_disks - u->old_raid_disks;
        int disk_count = u->old_raid_disks;
        void **tofree = NULL;
        int devices_to_reshape = 1;
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
        int ret_val = 0;
        unsigned int dev_id;

        dprintf("(enter)\n");

        /* enable spares to use in array */
        for (i = 0; i < delta_disks; i++) {
                new_disk = get_disk_super(super,
                                          major(u->new_disks[i]),
                                          minor(u->new_disks[i]));
                dprintf("imsm: new disk for reshape is: %i:%i (%p, index = %i)\n",
                        major(u->new_disks[i]), minor(u->new_disks[i]),
                        new_disk, new_disk->index);
                if (new_disk == NULL ||
                    (new_disk->index >= 0 &&
                     new_disk->index < u->old_raid_disks))
                        goto update_reshape_exit;
                new_disk->index = disk_count++;
                /* slot to fill in autolayout
                 */
                new_disk->raiddisk = new_disk->index;
                new_disk->disk.status |=
                        CONFIGURED_DISK;
                new_disk->disk.status &= ~SPARE_DISK;
        }

        dprintf("imsm: volume set mpb->num_raid_devs = %i\n",
                mpb->num_raid_devs);
        /* manage changes in volume
         */
        for (dev_id = 0; dev_id < mpb->num_raid_devs; dev_id++) {
                void **sp = *space_list;
                struct imsm_dev *newdev;
                struct imsm_map *newmap, *oldmap;

                for (id = super->devlist ; id; id = id->next) {
                        if (id->index == dev_id)
                                break;
                }
                if (id == NULL)
                        break;
                if (!sp)
                        continue;
                *space_list = *sp;
                newdev = (void*)sp;
                /* Copy the dev, but not (all of) the map */
                memcpy(newdev, id->dev, sizeof(*newdev));
                oldmap = get_imsm_map(id->dev, MAP_0);
                newmap = get_imsm_map(newdev, MAP_0);
                /* Copy the current map */
                memcpy(newmap, oldmap, sizeof_imsm_map(oldmap));
                /* update one device only
                 */
                if (devices_to_reshape) {
                        dprintf("imsm: modifying subdev: %i\n",
                                id->index);
                        devices_to_reshape--;
                        newdev->vol.migr_state = 1;
                        newdev->vol.curr_migr_unit = 0;
                        set_migr_type(newdev, MIGR_GEN_MIGR);
                        newmap->num_members = u->new_raid_disks;
                        for (i = 0; i < delta_disks; i++) {
                                set_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(newmap,
                                                     u->old_raid_disks + i,
                                                     u->old_raid_disks + i);
                        }
                        /* New map is correct, now need to save old map
                         */
                        newmap = get_imsm_map(newdev, MAP_1);
                        memcpy(newmap, oldmap, sizeof_imsm_map(oldmap));

                        imsm_set_array_size(newdev, -1);
                }

                sp = (void **)id->dev;
                id->dev = newdev;
                *sp = tofree;
                tofree = sp;

                /* Clear migration record */
                memset(super->migr_rec, 0, sizeof(struct migr_record));
        }
        if (tofree)
                *space_list = tofree;
        ret_val = 1;

update_reshape_exit:

        return ret_val;
}

static int apply_takeover_update(struct imsm_update_takeover *u,
                                 struct intel_super *super,
                                 void ***space_list)
{
        struct imsm_dev *dev = NULL;
        struct intel_dev *dv;
        struct imsm_dev *dev_new;
        struct imsm_map *map;
        struct dl *dm, *du;
        int i;

        for (dv = super->devlist; dv; dv = dv->next)
                if (dv->index == (unsigned int)u->subarray) {
                        dev = dv->dev;
                        break;
                }

        if (dev == NULL)
                return 0;

        map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);

        if (u->direction == R10_TO_R0) {
                unsigned long long num_data_stripes;

                /* Number of failed disks must be half of initial disk number */
                if (imsm_count_failed(super, dev, MAP_0) !=
                                (map->num_members / 2))
                        return 0;

                /* iterate through devices to mark removed disks as spare */
                for (dm = super->disks; dm; dm = dm->next) {
                        if (dm->disk.status & FAILED_DISK) {
                                int idx = dm->index;
                                /* update indexes on the disk list */
/* FIXME this loop-with-the-loop looks wrong,  I'm not convinced
   the index values will end up being correct.... NB */
                                for (du = super->disks; du; du = du->next)
                                        if (du->index > idx)
                                                du->index--;
                                /* mark as spare disk */
                                mark_spare(dm);
                        }
                }
                /* update map */
                map->num_members = map->num_members / 2;
                map->map_state = IMSM_T_STATE_NORMAL;
                map->num_domains = 1;
                map->raid_level = 0;
                map->failed_disk_num = -1;
                num_data_stripes = imsm_dev_size(dev) / 2;
                num_data_stripes /= map->blocks_per_strip;
                set_num_data_stripes(map, num_data_stripes);
        }

        if (u->direction == R0_TO_R10) {
                void **space;
                unsigned long long num_data_stripes;

                /* update slots in current disk list */
                for (dm = super->disks; dm; dm = dm->next) {
                        if (dm->index >= 0)
                                dm->index *= 2;
                }
                /* create new *missing* disks */
                for (i = 0; i < map->num_members; i++) {
                        space = *space_list;
                        if (!space)
                                continue;
                        *space_list = *space;
                        du = (void *)space;
                        memcpy(du, super->disks, sizeof(*du));
                        du->fd = -1;
                        du->minor = 0;
                        du->major = 0;
                        du->index = (i * 2) + 1;
                        sprintf((char *)du->disk.serial,
                                " MISSING_%d", du->index);
                        sprintf((char *)du->serial,
                                "MISSING_%d", du->index);
                        du->next = super->missing;
                        super->missing = du;
                }
                /* create new dev and map */
                space = *space_list;
                if (!space)
                        return 0;
                *space_list = *space;
                dev_new = (void *)space;
                memcpy(dev_new, dev, sizeof(*dev));
                /* update new map */
                map = get_imsm_map(dev_new, MAP_0);
                map->num_members = map->num_members * 2;
                map->map_state = IMSM_T_STATE_DEGRADED;
                map->num_domains = 2;
                map->raid_level = 1;
                num_data_stripes = imsm_dev_size(dev) / 2;
                num_data_stripes /= map->blocks_per_strip;
                num_data_stripes /= map->num_domains;
                set_num_data_stripes(map, num_data_stripes);

                /* replace dev<->dev_new */
                dv->dev = dev_new;
        }
        /* update disk order table */
        for (du = super->disks; du; du = du->next)
                if (du->index >= 0)
                        set_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(map, du->index, du->index);
        for (du = super->missing; du; du = du->next)
                if (du->index >= 0) {
                        set_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(map, du->index, du->index);
                        mark_missing(super, dv->dev, &du->disk, du->index);
                }

        return 1;
}

static void imsm_process_update(struct supertype *st,
                                struct metadata_update *update)
{
        /**
         * crack open the metadata_update envelope to find the update record
         * update can be one of:
         *    update_reshape_container_disks - all the arrays in the container
         *      are being reshaped to have more devices.  We need to mark
         *      the arrays for general migration and convert selected spares
         *      into active devices.
         *    update_activate_spare - a spare device has replaced a failed
         *      device in an array, update the disk_ord_tbl.  If this disk is
         *      present in all member arrays then also clear the SPARE_DISK
         *      flag
         *    update_create_array
         *    update_kill_array
         *    update_rename_array
         *    update_add_remove_disk
         */
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct imsm_super *mpb;
        enum imsm_update_type type = *(enum imsm_update_type *) update->buf;

        /* update requires a larger buf but the allocation failed */
        if (super->next_len && !super->next_buf) {
                super->next_len = 0;
                return;
        }

        if (super->next_buf) {
                memcpy(super->next_buf, super->buf, super->len);
                free(super->buf);
                super->len = super->next_len;
                super->buf = super->next_buf;

                super->next_len = 0;
                super->next_buf = NULL;
        }

        mpb = super->anchor;

        switch (type) {
        case update_general_migration_checkpoint: {
                struct intel_dev *id;
                struct imsm_update_general_migration_checkpoint *u =
                                                        (void *)update->buf;

                dprintf("called for update_general_migration_checkpoint\n");

                /* find device under general migration */
                for (id = super->devlist ; id; id = id->next) {
                        if (is_gen_migration(id->dev)) {
                                id->dev->vol.curr_migr_unit =
                                        __cpu_to_le32(u->curr_migr_unit);
                                super->updates_pending++;
                        }
                }
                break;
        }
        case update_takeover: {
                struct imsm_update_takeover *u = (void *)update->buf;
                if (apply_takeover_update(u, super, &update->space_list)) {
                        imsm_update_version_info(super);
                        super->updates_pending++;
                }
                break;
        }

        case update_reshape_container_disks: {
                struct imsm_update_reshape *u = (void *)update->buf;
                if (apply_reshape_container_disks_update(
                            u, super, &update->space_list))
                        super->updates_pending++;
                break;
        }
        case update_reshape_migration: {
                struct imsm_update_reshape_migration *u = (void *)update->buf;
                if (apply_reshape_migration_update(
                            u, super, &update->space_list))
                        super->updates_pending++;
                break;
        }
        case update_size_change: {
                struct imsm_update_size_change *u = (void *)update->buf;
                if (apply_size_change_update(u, super))
                        super->updates_pending++;
                break;
        }
        case update_activate_spare: {
                struct imsm_update_activate_spare *u = (void *) update->buf;

                if (prepare_spare_to_activate(st, u) &&
                    apply_update_activate_spare(u, super, st->arrays))
                        super->updates_pending++;
                break;
        }
        case update_create_array: {
                /* someone wants to create a new array, we need to be aware of
                 * a few races/collisions:
                 * 1/ 'Create' called by two separate instances of mdadm
                 * 2/ 'Create' versus 'activate_spare': mdadm has chosen
                 *     devices that have since been assimilated via
                 *     activate_spare.
                 * In the event this update can not be carried out mdadm will
                 * (FIX ME) notice that its update did not take hold.
                 */
                struct imsm_update_create_array *u = (void *) update->buf;
                struct intel_dev *dv;
                struct imsm_dev *dev;
                struct imsm_map *map, *new_map;
                unsigned long long start, end;
                unsigned long long new_start, new_end;
                int i;
                struct disk_info *inf;
                struct dl *dl;

                /* handle racing creates: first come first serve */
                if (u->dev_idx < mpb->num_raid_devs) {
                        dprintf("subarray %d already defined\n", u->dev_idx);
                        goto create_error;
                }

                /* check update is next in sequence */
                if (u->dev_idx != mpb->num_raid_devs) {
                        dprintf("can not create array %d expected index %d\n",
                                u->dev_idx, mpb->num_raid_devs);
                        goto create_error;
                }

                new_map = get_imsm_map(&u->dev, MAP_0);
                new_start = pba_of_lba0(new_map);
                new_end = new_start + per_dev_array_size(new_map);
                inf = get_disk_info(u);

                /* handle activate_spare versus create race:
                 * check to make sure that overlapping arrays do not include
                 * overalpping disks
                 */
                for (i = 0; i < mpb->num_raid_devs; i++) {
                        dev = get_imsm_dev(super, i);
                        map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
                        start = pba_of_lba0(map);
                        end = start + per_dev_array_size(map);
                        if ((new_start >= start && new_start <= end) ||
                            (start >= new_start && start <= new_end))
                                /* overlap */;
                        else
                                continue;

                        if (disks_overlap(super, i, u)) {
                                dprintf("arrays overlap\n");
                                goto create_error;
                        }
                }

                /* check that prepare update was successful */
                if (!update->space) {
                        dprintf("prepare update failed\n");
                        goto create_error;
                }

                /* check that all disks are still active before committing
                 * changes.  FIXME: could we instead handle this by creating a
                 * degraded array?  That's probably not what the user expects,
                 * so better to drop this update on the floor.
                 */
                for (i = 0; i < new_map->num_members; i++) {
                        dl = serial_to_dl(inf[i].serial, super);
                        if (!dl) {
                                dprintf("disk disappeared\n");
                                goto create_error;
                        }
                }

                super->updates_pending++;

                /* convert spares to members and fixup ord_tbl */
                for (i = 0; i < new_map->num_members; i++) {
                        dl = serial_to_dl(inf[i].serial, super);
                        if (dl->index == -1) {
                                dl->index = mpb->num_disks;
                                mpb->num_disks++;
                                dl->disk.status |= CONFIGURED_DISK;
                                dl->disk.status &= ~SPARE_DISK;
                        }
                        set_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(new_map, i, dl->index);
                }

                dv = update->space;
                dev = dv->dev;
                update->space = NULL;
                imsm_copy_dev(dev, &u->dev);
                dv->index = u->dev_idx;
                dv->next = super->devlist;
                super->devlist = dv;
                mpb->num_raid_devs++;

                imsm_update_version_info(super);
                break;
 create_error:
                /* mdmon knows how to release update->space, but not
                 * ((struct intel_dev *) update->space)->dev
                 */
                if (update->space) {
                        dv = update->space;
                        free(dv->dev);
                }
                break;
        }
        case update_kill_array: {
                struct imsm_update_kill_array *u = (void *) update->buf;
                int victim = u->dev_idx;
                struct active_array *a;
                struct intel_dev **dp;
                struct imsm_dev *dev;

                /* sanity check that we are not affecting the uuid of
                 * active arrays, or deleting an active array
                 *
                 * FIXME when immutable ids are available, but note that
                 * we'll also need to fixup the invalidated/active
                 * subarray indexes in mdstat
                 */
                for (a = st->arrays; a; a = a->next)
                        if (a->info.container_member >= victim)
                                break;
                /* by definition if mdmon is running at least one array
                 * is active in the container, so checking
                 * mpb->num_raid_devs is just extra paranoia
                 */
                dev = get_imsm_dev(super, victim);
                if (a || !dev || mpb->num_raid_devs == 1) {
                        dprintf("failed to delete subarray-%d\n", victim);
                        break;
                }

                for (dp = &super->devlist; *dp;)
                        if ((*dp)->index == (unsigned)super->current_vol) {
                                *dp = (*dp)->next;
                        } else {
                                if ((*dp)->index > (unsigned)victim)
                                        (*dp)->index--;
                                dp = &(*dp)->next;
                        }
                mpb->num_raid_devs--;
                super->updates_pending++;
                break;
        }
        case update_rename_array: {
                struct imsm_update_rename_array *u = (void *) update->buf;
                char name[MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN+1];
                int target = u->dev_idx;
                struct active_array *a;
                struct imsm_dev *dev;

                /* sanity check that we are not affecting the uuid of
                 * an active array
                 */
                memset(name, 0, sizeof(name));
                snprintf(name, MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN, "%s", (char *) u->name);
                name[MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN] = '\0';
                for (a = st->arrays; a; a = a->next)
                        if (a->info.container_member == target)
                                break;
                dev = get_imsm_dev(super, u->dev_idx);
                if (a || !dev || !check_name(super, name, 1)) {
                        dprintf("failed to rename subarray-%d\n", target);
                        break;
                }

                memcpy(dev->volume, name, MAX_RAID_SERIAL_LEN);
                super->updates_pending++;
                break;
        }
        case update_add_remove_disk: {
                /* we may be able to repair some arrays if disks are
                 * being added, check the status of add_remove_disk
                 * if discs has been added.
                 */
                if (add_remove_disk_update(super)) {
                        struct active_array *a;

                        super->updates_pending++;
                        for (a = st->arrays; a; a = a->next)
                                a->check_degraded = 1;
                }
                break;
        }
        case update_prealloc_badblocks_mem:
                break;
        case update_rwh_policy: {
                struct imsm_update_rwh_policy *u = (void *)update->buf;
                int target = u->dev_idx;
                struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, target);
                if (!dev) {
                        dprintf("could not find subarray-%d\n", target);
                        break;
                }

                if (dev->rwh_policy != u->new_policy) {
                        dev->rwh_policy = u->new_policy;
                        super->updates_pending++;
                }
                break;
        }
        default:
                pr_err("error: unsupported process update type:(type: %d)\n",   type);
        }
}

static struct mdinfo *get_spares_for_grow(struct supertype *st);

static int imsm_prepare_update(struct supertype *st,
                               struct metadata_update *update)
{
        /**
         * Allocate space to hold new disk entries, raid-device entries or a new
         * mpb if necessary.  The manager synchronously waits for updates to
         * complete in the monitor, so new mpb buffers allocated here can be
         * integrated by the monitor thread without worrying about live pointers
         * in the manager thread.
         */
        enum imsm_update_type type;
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        unsigned int sector_size = super->sector_size;
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
        size_t buf_len;
        size_t len = 0;

        if (update->len < (int)sizeof(type))
                return 0;

        type = *(enum imsm_update_type *) update->buf;

        switch (type) {
        case update_general_migration_checkpoint:
                if (update->len < (int)sizeof(struct imsm_update_general_migration_checkpoint))
                        return 0;
                dprintf("called for update_general_migration_checkpoint\n");
                break;
        case update_takeover: {
                struct imsm_update_takeover *u = (void *)update->buf;
                if (update->len < (int)sizeof(*u))
                        return 0;
                if (u->direction == R0_TO_R10) {
                        void **tail = (void **)&update->space_list;
                        struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, u->subarray);
                        struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
                        int num_members = map->num_members;
                        void *space;
                        int size, i;
                        /* allocate memory for added disks */
                        for (i = 0; i < num_members; i++) {
                                size = sizeof(struct dl);
                                space = xmalloc(size);
                                *tail = space;
                                tail = space;
                                *tail = NULL;
                        }
                        /* allocate memory for new device */
                        size = sizeof_imsm_dev(super->devlist->dev, 0) +
                                (num_members * sizeof(__u32));
                        space = xmalloc(size);
                        *tail = space;
                        tail = space;
                        *tail = NULL;
                        len = disks_to_mpb_size(num_members * 2);
                }

                break;
        }
        case update_reshape_container_disks: {
                /* Every raid device in the container is about to
                 * gain some more devices, and we will enter a
                 * reconfiguration.
                 * So each 'imsm_map' will be bigger, and the imsm_vol
                 * will now hold 2 of them.
                 * Thus we need new 'struct imsm_dev' allocations sized
                 * as sizeof_imsm_dev but with more devices in both maps.
                 */
                struct imsm_update_reshape *u = (void *)update->buf;
                struct intel_dev *dl;
                void **space_tail = (void**)&update->space_list;

                if (update->len < (int)sizeof(*u))
                        return 0;

                dprintf("for update_reshape\n");

                for (dl = super->devlist; dl; dl = dl->next) {
                        int size = sizeof_imsm_dev(dl->dev, 1);
                        void *s;
                        if (u->new_raid_disks > u->old_raid_disks)
                                size += sizeof(__u32)*2*
                                        (u->new_raid_disks - u->old_raid_disks);
                        s = xmalloc(size);
                        *space_tail = s;
                        space_tail = s;
                        *space_tail = NULL;
                }

                len = disks_to_mpb_size(u->new_raid_disks);
                dprintf("New anchor length is %llu\n", (unsigned long long)len);
                break;
        }
        case update_reshape_migration: {
                /* for migration level 0->5 we need to add disks
                 * so the same as for container operation we will copy
                 * device to the bigger location.
                 * in memory prepared device and new disk area are prepared
                 * for usage in process update
                 */
                struct imsm_update_reshape_migration *u = (void *)update->buf;
                struct intel_dev *id;
                void **space_tail = (void **)&update->space_list;
                int size;
                void *s;
                int current_level = -1;

                if (update->len < (int)sizeof(*u))
                        return 0;

                dprintf("for update_reshape\n");

                /* add space for bigger array in update
                 */
                for (id = super->devlist; id; id = id->next) {
                        if (id->index == (unsigned)u->subdev) {
                                size = sizeof_imsm_dev(id->dev, 1);
                                if (u->new_raid_disks > u->old_raid_disks)
                                        size += sizeof(__u32)*2*
                                        (u->new_raid_disks - u->old_raid_disks);
                                s = xmalloc(size);
                                *space_tail = s;
                                space_tail = s;
                                *space_tail = NULL;
                                break;
                        }
                }
                if (update->space_list == NULL)
                        break;

                /* add space for disk in update
                 */
                size = sizeof(struct dl);
                s = xmalloc(size);
                *space_tail = s;
                space_tail = s;
                *space_tail = NULL;

                /* add spare device to update
                 */
                for (id = super->devlist ; id; id = id->next)
                        if (id->index == (unsigned)u->subdev) {
                                struct imsm_dev *dev;
                                struct imsm_map *map;

                                dev = get_imsm_dev(super, u->subdev);
                                map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
                                current_level = map->raid_level;
                                break;
                        }
                if (u->new_level == 5 && u->new_level != current_level) {
                        struct mdinfo *spares;

                        spares = get_spares_for_grow(st);
                        if (spares) {
                                struct dl *dl;
                                struct mdinfo *dev;

                                dev = spares->devs;
                                if (dev) {
                                        u->new_disks[0] =
                                                makedev(dev->disk.major,
                                                        dev->disk.minor);
                                        dl = get_disk_super(super,
                                                            dev->disk.major,
                                                            dev->disk.minor);
                                        dl->index = u->old_raid_disks;
                                        dev = dev->next;
                                }
                                sysfs_free(spares);
                        }
                }
                len = disks_to_mpb_size(u->new_raid_disks);
                dprintf("New anchor length is %llu\n", (unsigned long long)len);
                break;
        }
        case update_size_change: {
                if (update->len < (int)sizeof(struct imsm_update_size_change))
                        return 0;
                break;
        }
        case update_activate_spare: {
                if (update->len < (int)sizeof(struct imsm_update_activate_spare))
                        return 0;
                break;
        }
        case update_create_array: {
                struct imsm_update_create_array *u = (void *) update->buf;
                struct intel_dev *dv;
                struct imsm_dev *dev = &u->dev;
                struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
                struct dl *dl;
                struct disk_info *inf;
                int i;
                int activate = 0;

                if (update->len < (int)sizeof(*u))
                        return 0;

                inf = get_disk_info(u);
                len = sizeof_imsm_dev(dev, 1);
                /* allocate a new super->devlist entry */
                dv = xmalloc(sizeof(*dv));
                dv->dev = xmalloc(len);
                update->space = dv;

                /* count how many spares will be converted to members */
                for (i = 0; i < map->num_members; i++) {
                        dl = serial_to_dl(inf[i].serial, super);
                        if (!dl) {
                                /* hmm maybe it failed?, nothing we can do about
                                 * it here
                                 */
                                continue;
                        }
                        if (count_memberships(dl, super) == 0)
                                activate++;
                }
                len += activate * sizeof(struct imsm_disk);
                break;
        }
        case update_kill_array: {
                if (update->len < (int)sizeof(struct imsm_update_kill_array))
                        return 0;
                break;
        }
        case update_rename_array: {
                if (update->len < (int)sizeof(struct imsm_update_rename_array))
                        return 0;
                break;
        }
        case update_add_remove_disk:
                /* no update->len needed */
                break;
        case update_prealloc_badblocks_mem:
                super->extra_space += sizeof(struct bbm_log) -
                        get_imsm_bbm_log_size(super->bbm_log);
                break;
        case update_rwh_policy: {
                if (update->len < (int)sizeof(struct imsm_update_rwh_policy))
                        return 0;
                break;
        }
        default:
                return 0;
        }

        /* check if we need a larger metadata buffer */
        if (super->next_buf)
                buf_len = super->next_len;
        else
                buf_len = super->len;

        if (__le32_to_cpu(mpb->mpb_size) + super->extra_space + len > buf_len) {
                /* ok we need a larger buf than what is currently allocated
                 * if this allocation fails process_update will notice that
                 * ->next_len is set and ->next_buf is NULL
                 */
                buf_len = ROUND_UP(__le32_to_cpu(mpb->mpb_size) +
                                   super->extra_space + len, sector_size);
                if (super->next_buf)
                        free(super->next_buf);

                super->next_len = buf_len;
                if (posix_memalign(&super->next_buf, sector_size, buf_len) == 0)
                        memset(super->next_buf, 0, buf_len);
                else
                        super->next_buf = NULL;
        }
        return 1;
}

/* must be called while manager is quiesced */
static void imsm_delete(struct intel_super *super, struct dl **dlp, unsigned index)
{
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
        struct dl *iter;
        struct imsm_dev *dev;
        struct imsm_map *map;
        unsigned int i, j, num_members;
        __u32 ord, ord_map0;
        struct bbm_log *log = super->bbm_log;

        dprintf("deleting device[%d] from imsm_super\n", index);

        /* shift all indexes down one */
        for (iter = super->disks; iter; iter = iter->next)
                if (iter->index > (int)index)
                        iter->index--;
        for (iter = super->missing; iter; iter = iter->next)
                if (iter->index > (int)index)
                        iter->index--;

        for (i = 0; i < mpb->num_raid_devs; i++) {
                dev = get_imsm_dev(super, i);
                map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
                num_members = map->num_members;
                for (j = 0; j < num_members; j++) {
                        /* update ord entries being careful not to propagate
                         * ord-flags to the first map
                         */
                        ord = get_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(dev, j, MAP_X);
                        ord_map0 = get_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(dev, j, MAP_0);

                        if (ord_to_idx(ord) <= index)
                                continue;

                        map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
                        set_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(map, j, ord_map0 - 1);
                        map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);
                        if (map)
                                set_imsm_ord_tbl_ent(map, j, ord - 1);
                }
        }

        for (i = 0; i < log->entry_count; i++) {
                struct bbm_log_entry *entry = &log->marked_block_entries[i];

                if (entry->disk_ordinal <= index)
                        continue;
                entry->disk_ordinal--;
        }

        mpb->num_disks--;
        super->updates_pending++;
        if (*dlp) {
                struct dl *dl = *dlp;

                *dlp = (*dlp)->next;
                __free_imsm_disk(dl);
        }
}

static int imsm_get_allowed_degradation(int level, int raid_disks,
                                        struct intel_super *super,
                                        struct imsm_dev *dev)
{
        switch (level) {
        case 1:
        case 10:{
                int ret_val = 0;
                struct imsm_map *map;
                int i;

                ret_val = raid_disks/2;
                /* check map if all disks pairs not failed
                 * in both maps
                 */
                map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
                for (i = 0; i < ret_val; i++) {
                        int degradation = 0;
                        if (get_imsm_disk(super, i) == NULL)
                                degradation++;
                        if (get_imsm_disk(super, i + 1) == NULL)
                                degradation++;
                        if (degradation == 2)
                                return 0;
                }
                map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);
                /* if there is no second map
                 * result can be returned
                 */
                if (map == NULL)
                        return ret_val;
                /* check degradation in second map
                 */
                for (i = 0; i < ret_val; i++) {
                        int degradation = 0;
                if (get_imsm_disk(super, i) == NULL)
                                degradation++;
                        if (get_imsm_disk(super, i + 1) == NULL)
                                degradation++;
                        if (degradation == 2)
                                return 0;
                }
                return ret_val;
        }
        case 5:
                return 1;
        case 6:
                return 2;
        default:
                return 0;
        }
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    validate_container_imsm
 * Description: This routine validates container after assemble,
 *              eg. if devices in container are under the same controller.
 *
 * Parameters:
 *      info    : linked list with info about devices used in array
 * Returns:
 *      1 : HBA mismatch
 *      0 : Success
 ******************************************************************************/
int validate_container_imsm(struct mdinfo *info)
{
        if (check_env("IMSM_NO_PLATFORM"))
                return 0;

        struct sys_dev *idev;
        struct sys_dev *hba = NULL;
        struct sys_dev *intel_devices = find_intel_devices();
        char *dev_path = devt_to_devpath(makedev(info->disk.major,
                                                                        info->disk.minor));

        for (idev = intel_devices; idev; idev = idev->next) {
                if (dev_path && strstr(dev_path, idev->path)) {
                        hba = idev;
                        break;
                }
        }
        if (dev_path)
                free(dev_path);

        if (!hba) {
                pr_err("WARNING - Cannot detect HBA for device %s!\n",
                                devid2kname(makedev(info->disk.major, info->disk.minor)));
                return 1;
        }

        const struct imsm_orom *orom = get_orom_by_device_id(hba->dev_id);
        struct mdinfo *dev;

        for (dev = info->next; dev; dev = dev->next) {
                dev_path = devt_to_devpath(makedev(dev->disk.major, dev->disk.minor));

                struct sys_dev *hba2 = NULL;
                for (idev = intel_devices; idev; idev = idev->next) {
                        if (dev_path && strstr(dev_path, idev->path)) {
                                hba2 = idev;
                                break;
                        }
                }
                if (dev_path)
                        free(dev_path);

                const struct imsm_orom *orom2 = hba2 == NULL ? NULL :
                                get_orom_by_device_id(hba2->dev_id);

                if (hba2 && hba->type != hba2->type) {
                        pr_err("WARNING - HBAs of devices do not match %s != %s\n",
                                get_sys_dev_type(hba->type), get_sys_dev_type(hba2->type));
                        return 1;
                }

                if (orom != orom2) {
                        pr_err("WARNING - IMSM container assembled with disks under different HBAs!\n"
                                "       This operation is not supported and can lead to data loss.\n");
                        return 1;
                }

                if (!orom) {
                        pr_err("WARNING - IMSM container assembled with disks under HBAs without IMSM platform support!\n"
                                "       This operation is not supported and can lead to data loss.\n");
                        return 1;
                }
        }

        return 0;
}

/*******************************************************************************
* Function:   imsm_record_badblock
* Description: This routine stores new bad block record in BBM log
*
* Parameters:
*     a         : array containing a bad block
*     slot      : disk number containing a bad block
*     sector    : bad block sector
*     length    : bad block sectors range
* Returns:
*     1 : Success
*     0 : Error
******************************************************************************/
static int imsm_record_badblock(struct active_array *a, int slot,
                          unsigned long long sector, int length)
{
        struct intel_super *super = a->container->sb;
        int ord;
        int ret;

        ord = imsm_disk_slot_to_ord(a, slot);
        if (ord < 0)
                return 0;

        ret = record_new_badblock(super->bbm_log, ord_to_idx(ord), sector,
                                   length);
        if (ret)
                super->updates_pending++;

        return ret;
}
/*******************************************************************************
* Function:   imsm_clear_badblock
* Description: This routine clears bad block record from BBM log
*
* Parameters:
*     a         : array containing a bad block
*     slot      : disk number containing a bad block
*     sector    : bad block sector
*     length    : bad block sectors range
* Returns:
*     1 : Success
*     0 : Error
******************************************************************************/
static int imsm_clear_badblock(struct active_array *a, int slot,
                        unsigned long long sector, int length)
{
        struct intel_super *super = a->container->sb;
        int ord;
        int ret;

        ord = imsm_disk_slot_to_ord(a, slot);
        if (ord < 0)
                return 0;

        ret = clear_badblock(super->bbm_log, ord_to_idx(ord), sector, length);
        if (ret)
                super->updates_pending++;

        return ret;
}
/*******************************************************************************
* Function:   imsm_get_badblocks
* Description: This routine get list of bad blocks for an array
*
* Parameters:
*     a         : array
*     slot      : disk number
* Returns:
*     bb        : structure containing bad blocks
*     NULL      : error
******************************************************************************/
static struct md_bb *imsm_get_badblocks(struct active_array *a, int slot)
{
        int inst = a->info.container_member;
        struct intel_super *super = a->container->sb;
        struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, inst);
        struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
        int ord;

        ord = imsm_disk_slot_to_ord(a, slot);
        if (ord < 0)
                return NULL;

        get_volume_badblocks(super->bbm_log, ord_to_idx(ord), pba_of_lba0(map),
                             per_dev_array_size(map), &super->bb);

        return &super->bb;
}
/*******************************************************************************
* Function:   examine_badblocks_imsm
* Description: Prints list of bad blocks on a disk to the standard output
*
* Parameters:
*     st        : metadata handler
*     fd        : open file descriptor for device
*     devname   : device name
* Returns:
*     0 : Success
*     1 : Error
******************************************************************************/
static int examine_badblocks_imsm(struct supertype *st, int fd, char *devname)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct bbm_log *log = super->bbm_log;
        struct dl *d = NULL;
        int any = 0;

        for (d = super->disks; d ; d = d->next) {
                if (strcmp(d->devname, devname) == 0)
                        break;
        }

        if ((d == NULL) || (d->index < 0)) { /* serial mismatch probably */
                pr_err("%s doesn't appear to be part of a raid array\n",
                       devname);
                return 1;
        }

        if (log != NULL) {
                unsigned int i;
                struct bbm_log_entry *entry = &log->marked_block_entries[0];

                for (i = 0; i < log->entry_count; i++) {
                        if (entry[i].disk_ordinal == d->index) {
                                unsigned long long sector = __le48_to_cpu(
                                        &entry[i].defective_block_start);
                                int cnt = entry[i].marked_count + 1;

                                if (!any) {
                                        printf("Bad-blocks on %s:\n", devname);
                                        any = 1;
                                }

                                printf("%20llu for %d sectors\n", sector, cnt);
                        }
                }
        }

        if (!any)
                printf("No bad-blocks list configured on %s\n", devname);

        return 0;
}
/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    init_migr_record_imsm
 * Description: Function inits imsm migration record
 * Parameters:
 *      super   : imsm internal array info
 *      dev     : device under migration
 *      info    : general array info to find the smallest device
 * Returns:
 *      none
 ******************************************************************************/
void init_migr_record_imsm(struct supertype *st, struct imsm_dev *dev,
                           struct mdinfo *info)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct migr_record *migr_rec = super->migr_rec;
        int new_data_disks;
        unsigned long long dsize, dev_sectors;
        long long unsigned min_dev_sectors = -1LLU;
        struct imsm_map *map_dest = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
        struct imsm_map *map_src = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);
        unsigned long long num_migr_units;
        unsigned long long array_blocks;
        struct dl *dl_disk = NULL;

        memset(migr_rec, 0, sizeof(struct migr_record));
        migr_rec->family_num = __cpu_to_le32(super->anchor->family_num);

        /* only ascending reshape supported now */
        migr_rec->ascending_migr = __cpu_to_le32(1);

        migr_rec->dest_depth_per_unit = GEN_MIGR_AREA_SIZE /
                max(map_dest->blocks_per_strip, map_src->blocks_per_strip);
        migr_rec->dest_depth_per_unit *=
                max(map_dest->blocks_per_strip, map_src->blocks_per_strip);
        new_data_disks = imsm_num_data_members(map_dest);
        migr_rec->blocks_per_unit =
                __cpu_to_le32(migr_rec->dest_depth_per_unit * new_data_disks);
        migr_rec->dest_depth_per_unit =
                __cpu_to_le32(migr_rec->dest_depth_per_unit);
        array_blocks = info->component_size * new_data_disks;
        num_migr_units =
                array_blocks / __le32_to_cpu(migr_rec->blocks_per_unit);

        if (array_blocks % __le32_to_cpu(migr_rec->blocks_per_unit))
                num_migr_units++;
        set_num_migr_units(migr_rec, num_migr_units);

        migr_rec->post_migr_vol_cap =  dev->size_low;
        migr_rec->post_migr_vol_cap_hi = dev->size_high;

        /* Find the smallest dev */
        for (dl_disk =  super->disks; dl_disk ; dl_disk = dl_disk->next) {
                /* ignore spares in container */
                if (dl_disk->index < 0)
                        continue;
                get_dev_size(dl_disk->fd, NULL, &dsize);
                dev_sectors = dsize / 512;
                if (dev_sectors < min_dev_sectors)
                        min_dev_sectors = dev_sectors;
        }
        set_migr_chkp_area_pba(migr_rec, min_dev_sectors -
                                        RAID_DISK_RESERVED_BLOCKS_IMSM_HI);

        write_imsm_migr_rec(st);

        return;
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    save_backup_imsm
 * Description: Function saves critical data stripes to Migration Copy Area
 *              and updates the current migration unit status.
 *              Use restore_stripes() to form a destination stripe,
 *              and to write it to the Copy Area.
 * Parameters:
 *      st              : supertype information
 *      dev             : imsm device that backup is saved for
 *      info            : general array info
 *      buf             : input buffer
 *      length          : length of data to backup (blocks_per_unit)
 * Returns:
 *       0 : success
 *,     -1 : fail
 ******************************************************************************/
int save_backup_imsm(struct supertype *st,
                     struct imsm_dev *dev,
                     struct mdinfo *info,
                     void *buf,
                     int length)
{
        int rv = -1;
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        unsigned long long *target_offsets;
        int *targets;
        int i;
        struct imsm_map *map_dest = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
        int new_disks = map_dest->num_members;
        int dest_layout = 0;
        int dest_chunk;
        unsigned long long start;
        int data_disks = imsm_num_data_members(map_dest);

        targets = xmalloc(new_disks * sizeof(int));

        for (i = 0; i < new_disks; i++) {
                struct dl *dl_disk = get_imsm_dl_disk(super, i);

                targets[i] = dl_disk->fd;
        }

        target_offsets = xcalloc(new_disks, sizeof(unsigned long long));

        start = info->reshape_progress * 512;
        for (i = 0; i < new_disks; i++) {
                target_offsets[i] = migr_chkp_area_pba(super->migr_rec) * 512;
                /* move back copy area adderss, it will be moved forward
                 * in restore_stripes() using start input variable
                 */
                target_offsets[i] -= start/data_disks;
        }

        dest_layout = imsm_level_to_layout(map_dest->raid_level);
        dest_chunk = __le16_to_cpu(map_dest->blocks_per_strip) * 512;

        if (restore_stripes(targets, /* list of dest devices */
                            target_offsets, /* migration record offsets */
                            new_disks,
                            dest_chunk,
                            map_dest->raid_level,
                            dest_layout,
                            -1,    /* source backup file descriptor */
                            0,     /* input buf offset
                                    * always 0 buf is already offseted */
                            start,
                            length,
                            buf) != 0) {
                pr_err("Error restoring stripes\n");
                goto abort;
        }

        rv = 0;

abort:
        if (targets) {
                free(targets);
        }
        free(target_offsets);

        return rv;
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    save_checkpoint_imsm
 * Description: Function called for current unit status update
 *              in the migration record. It writes it to disk.
 * Parameters:
 *      super   : imsm internal array info
 *      info    : general array info
 * Returns:
 *      0: success
 *      1: failure
 *      2: failure, means no valid migration record
 *                 / no general migration in progress /
 ******************************************************************************/
int save_checkpoint_imsm(struct supertype *st, struct mdinfo *info, int state)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        unsigned long long blocks_per_unit;
        unsigned long long curr_migr_unit;

        if (load_imsm_migr_rec(super) != 0) {
                dprintf("imsm: ERROR: Cannot read migration record for checkpoint save.\n");
                return 1;
        }

        blocks_per_unit = __le32_to_cpu(super->migr_rec->blocks_per_unit);
        if (blocks_per_unit == 0) {
                dprintf("imsm: no migration in progress.\n");
                return 2;
        }
        curr_migr_unit = info->reshape_progress / blocks_per_unit;
        /* check if array is alligned to copy area
         * if it is not alligned, add one to current migration unit value
         * this can happend on array reshape finish only
         */
        if (info->reshape_progress % blocks_per_unit)
                curr_migr_unit++;

        set_current_migr_unit(super->migr_rec, curr_migr_unit);
        super->migr_rec->rec_status = __cpu_to_le32(state);
        set_migr_dest_1st_member_lba(super->migr_rec,
                        super->migr_rec->dest_depth_per_unit * curr_migr_unit);

        if (write_imsm_migr_rec(st) < 0) {
                dprintf("imsm: Cannot write migration record outside backup area\n");
                return 1;
        }

        return 0;
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    recover_backup_imsm
 * Description: Function recovers critical data from the Migration Copy Area
 *              while assembling an array.
 * Parameters:
 *      super   : imsm internal array info
 *      info    : general array info
 * Returns:
 *      0 : success (or there is no data to recover)
 *      1 : fail
 ******************************************************************************/
int recover_backup_imsm(struct supertype *st, struct mdinfo *info)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct migr_record *migr_rec = super->migr_rec;
        struct imsm_map *map_dest;
        struct intel_dev *id = NULL;
        unsigned long long read_offset;
        unsigned long long write_offset;
        unsigned unit_len;
        int new_disks, err;
        char *buf = NULL;
        int retval = 1;
        unsigned int sector_size = super->sector_size;
        unsigned long curr_migr_unit = current_migr_unit(migr_rec);
        unsigned long num_migr_units = get_num_migr_units(migr_rec);
        char buffer[20];
        int skipped_disks = 0;
        struct dl *dl_disk;

        err = sysfs_get_str(info, NULL, "array_state", (char *)buffer, 20);
        if (err < 1)
                return 1;

        /* recover data only during assemblation */
        if (strncmp(buffer, "inactive", 8) != 0)
                return 0;
        /* no data to recover */
        if (__le32_to_cpu(migr_rec->rec_status) == UNIT_SRC_NORMAL)
                return 0;
        if (curr_migr_unit >= num_migr_units)
                return 1;

        /* find device during reshape */
        for (id = super->devlist; id; id = id->next)
                if (is_gen_migration(id->dev))
                        break;
        if (id == NULL)
                return 1;

        map_dest = get_imsm_map(id->dev, MAP_0);
        new_disks = map_dest->num_members;

        read_offset = migr_chkp_area_pba(migr_rec) * 512;

        write_offset = (migr_dest_1st_member_lba(migr_rec) +
                        pba_of_lba0(map_dest)) * 512;

        unit_len = __le32_to_cpu(migr_rec->dest_depth_per_unit) * 512;
        if (posix_memalign((void **)&buf, sector_size, unit_len) != 0)
                goto abort;

        for (dl_disk = super->disks; dl_disk; dl_disk = dl_disk->next) {
                if (dl_disk->index < 0)
                        continue;

                if (dl_disk->fd < 0) {
                        skipped_disks++;
                        continue;
                }
                if (lseek64(dl_disk->fd, read_offset, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
                        pr_err("Cannot seek to block: %s\n",
                               strerror(errno));
                        skipped_disks++;
                        continue;
                }
                if (read(dl_disk->fd, buf, unit_len) != unit_len) {
                        pr_err("Cannot read copy area block: %s\n",
                               strerror(errno));
                        skipped_disks++;
                        continue;
                }
                if (lseek64(dl_disk->fd, write_offset, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
                        pr_err("Cannot seek to block: %s\n",
                               strerror(errno));
                        skipped_disks++;
                        continue;
                }
                if (write(dl_disk->fd, buf, unit_len) != unit_len) {
                        pr_err("Cannot restore block: %s\n",
                               strerror(errno));
                        skipped_disks++;
                        continue;
                }
        }

        if (skipped_disks > imsm_get_allowed_degradation(info->new_level,
                                                         new_disks,
                                                         super,
                                                         id->dev)) {
                pr_err("Cannot restore data from backup. Too many failed disks\n");
                goto abort;
        }

        if (save_checkpoint_imsm(st, info, UNIT_SRC_NORMAL)) {
                /* ignore error == 2, this can mean end of reshape here
                 */
                dprintf("imsm: Cannot write checkpoint to migration record (UNIT_SRC_NORMAL) during restart\n");
        } else
                retval = 0;

abort:
        free(buf);
        return retval;
}

static char disk_by_path[] = "/dev/disk/by-path/";

static const char *imsm_get_disk_controller_domain(const char *path)
{
        char disk_path[PATH_MAX];
        char *drv=NULL;
        struct stat st;

        strcpy(disk_path, disk_by_path);
        strncat(disk_path, path, PATH_MAX - strlen(disk_path) - 1);
        if (stat(disk_path, &st) == 0) {
                struct sys_dev* hba;
                char *path;

                path = devt_to_devpath(st.st_rdev);
                if (path == NULL)
                        return "unknown";
                hba = find_disk_attached_hba(-1, path);
                if (hba && hba->type == SYS_DEV_SAS)
                        drv = "isci";
                else if (hba && hba->type == SYS_DEV_SATA)
                        drv = "ahci";
                else if (hba && hba->type == SYS_DEV_VMD)
                        drv = "vmd";
                else if (hba && hba->type == SYS_DEV_NVME)
                        drv = "nvme";
                else
                        drv = "unknown";
                dprintf("path: %s hba: %s attached: %s\n",
                        path, (hba) ? hba->path : "NULL", drv);
                free(path);
        }
        return drv;
}

static char *imsm_find_array_devnm_by_subdev(int subdev, char *container)
{
        static char devnm[32];
        char subdev_name[20];
        struct mdstat_ent *mdstat;

        sprintf(subdev_name, "%d", subdev);
        mdstat = mdstat_by_subdev(subdev_name, container);
        if (!mdstat)
                return NULL;

        strcpy(devnm, mdstat->devnm);
        free_mdstat(mdstat);
        return devnm;
}

static int imsm_reshape_is_allowed_on_container(struct supertype *st,
                                                struct geo_params *geo,
                                                int *old_raid_disks,
                                                int direction)
{
        /* currently we only support increasing the number of devices
         * for a container.  This increases the number of device for each
         * member array.  They must all be RAID0 or RAID5.
         */
        int ret_val = 0;
        struct mdinfo *info, *member;
        int devices_that_can_grow = 0;

        dprintf("imsm: imsm_reshape_is_allowed_on_container(ENTER): st->devnm = (%s)\n", st->devnm);

        if (geo->size > 0 ||
            geo->level != UnSet ||
            geo->layout != UnSet ||
            geo->chunksize != 0 ||
            geo->raid_disks == UnSet) {
                dprintf("imsm: Container operation is allowed for raid disks number change only.\n");
                return ret_val;
        }

        if (direction == ROLLBACK_METADATA_CHANGES) {
                dprintf("imsm: Metadata changes rollback is not supported for container operation.\n");
                return ret_val;
        }

        info = container_content_imsm(st, NULL);
        for (member = info; member; member = member->next) {
                char *result;

                dprintf("imsm: checking device_num: %i\n",
                        member->container_member);

                if (geo->raid_disks <= member->array.raid_disks) {
                        /* we work on container for Online Capacity Expansion
                         * only so raid_disks has to grow
                         */
                        dprintf("imsm: for container operation raid disks increase is required\n");
                        break;
                }

                if (info->array.level != 0 && info->array.level != 5) {
                        /* we cannot use this container with other raid level
                         */
                        dprintf("imsm: for container operation wrong raid level (%i) detected\n",
                                info->array.level);
                        break;
                } else {
                        /* check for platform support
                         * for this raid level configuration
                         */
                        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
                        if (!is_raid_level_supported(super->orom,
                                                     member->array.level,
                                                     geo->raid_disks)) {
                                dprintf("platform does not support raid%d with %d disk%s\n",
                                         info->array.level,
                                         geo->raid_disks,
                                         geo->raid_disks > 1 ? "s" : "");
                                break;
                        }
                        /* check if component size is aligned to chunk size
                         */
                        if (info->component_size %
                            (info->array.chunk_size/512)) {
                                dprintf("Component size is not aligned to chunk size\n");
                                break;
                        }
                }

                if (*old_raid_disks &&
                    info->array.raid_disks != *old_raid_disks)
                        break;
                *old_raid_disks = info->array.raid_disks;

                /* All raid5 and raid0 volumes in container
                 * have to be ready for Online Capacity Expansion
                 * so they need to be assembled.  We have already
                 * checked that no recovery etc is happening.
                 */
                result = imsm_find_array_devnm_by_subdev(member->container_member,
                                                         st->container_devnm);
                if (result == NULL) {
                        dprintf("imsm: cannot find array\n");
                        break;
                }
                devices_that_can_grow++;
        }
        sysfs_free(info);
        if (!member && devices_that_can_grow)
                ret_val = 1;

        if (ret_val)
                dprintf("Container operation allowed\n");
        else
                dprintf("Error: %i\n", ret_val);

        return ret_val;
}

/* Function: get_spares_for_grow
 * Description: Allocates memory and creates list of spare devices
 *              avaliable in container. Checks if spare drive size is acceptable.
 * Parameters: Pointer to the supertype structure
 * Returns: Pointer to the list of spare devices (mdinfo structure) on success,
 *              NULL if fail
 */
static struct mdinfo *get_spares_for_grow(struct supertype *st)
{
        struct spare_criteria sc;

        get_spare_criteria_imsm(st, &sc);
        return container_choose_spares(st, &sc, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
}

/******************************************************************************
 * function: imsm_create_metadata_update_for_reshape
 * Function creates update for whole IMSM container.
 *
 ******************************************************************************/
static int imsm_create_metadata_update_for_reshape(
        struct supertype *st,
        struct geo_params *geo,
        int old_raid_disks,
        struct imsm_update_reshape **updatep)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;
        int update_memory_size;
        struct imsm_update_reshape *u;
        struct mdinfo *spares;
        int i;
        int delta_disks;
        struct mdinfo *dev;

        dprintf("(enter) raid_disks = %i\n", geo->raid_disks);

        delta_disks = geo->raid_disks - old_raid_disks;

        /* size of all update data without anchor */
        update_memory_size = sizeof(struct imsm_update_reshape);

        /* now add space for spare disks that we need to add. */
        update_memory_size += sizeof(u->new_disks[0]) * (delta_disks - 1);

        u = xcalloc(1, update_memory_size);
        u->type = update_reshape_container_disks;
        u->old_raid_disks = old_raid_disks;
        u->new_raid_disks = geo->raid_disks;

        /* now get spare disks list
         */
        spares = get_spares_for_grow(st);

        if (spares == NULL || delta_disks > spares->array.spare_disks) {
                pr_err("imsm: ERROR: Cannot get spare devices for %s.\n", geo->dev_name);
                i = -1;
                goto abort;
        }

        /* we have got spares
         * update disk list in imsm_disk list table in anchor
         */
        dprintf("imsm: %i spares are available.\n\n",
                spares->array.spare_disks);

        dev = spares->devs;
        for (i = 0; i < delta_disks; i++) {
                struct dl *dl;

                if (dev == NULL)
                        break;
                u->new_disks[i] = makedev(dev->disk.major,
                                          dev->disk.minor);
                dl = get_disk_super(super, dev->disk.major, dev->disk.minor);
                dl->index = mpb->num_disks;
                mpb->num_disks++;
                dev = dev->next;
        }

abort:
        /* free spares
         */
        sysfs_free(spares);

        dprintf("imsm: reshape update preparation :");
        if (i == delta_disks) {
                dprintf_cont(" OK\n");
                *updatep = u;
                return update_memory_size;
        }
        free(u);
        dprintf_cont(" Error\n");

        return 0;
}

/******************************************************************************
 * function: imsm_create_metadata_update_for_size_change()
 *           Creates update for IMSM array for array size change.
 *
 ******************************************************************************/
static int imsm_create_metadata_update_for_size_change(
                                struct supertype *st,
                                struct geo_params *geo,
                                struct imsm_update_size_change **updatep)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        int update_memory_size;
        struct imsm_update_size_change *u;

        dprintf("(enter) New size = %llu\n", geo->size);

        /* size of all update data without anchor */
        update_memory_size = sizeof(struct imsm_update_size_change);

        u = xcalloc(1, update_memory_size);
        u->type = update_size_change;
        u->subdev = super->current_vol;
        u->new_size = geo->size;

        dprintf("imsm: reshape update preparation : OK\n");
        *updatep = u;

        return update_memory_size;
}

/******************************************************************************
 * function: imsm_create_metadata_update_for_migration()
 *           Creates update for IMSM array.
 *
 ******************************************************************************/
static int imsm_create_metadata_update_for_migration(
                                        struct supertype *st,
                                        struct geo_params *geo,
                                        struct imsm_update_reshape_migration **updatep)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        int update_memory_size;
        struct imsm_update_reshape_migration *u;
        struct imsm_dev *dev;
        int previous_level = -1;

        dprintf("(enter) New Level = %i\n", geo->level);

        /* size of all update data without anchor */
        update_memory_size = sizeof(struct imsm_update_reshape_migration);

        u = xcalloc(1, update_memory_size);
        u->type = update_reshape_migration;
        u->subdev = super->current_vol;
        u->new_level = geo->level;
        u->new_layout = geo->layout;
        u->new_raid_disks = u->old_raid_disks = geo->raid_disks;
        u->new_disks[0] = -1;
        u->new_chunksize = -1;

        dev = get_imsm_dev(super, u->subdev);
        if (dev) {
                struct imsm_map *map;

                map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
                if (map) {
                        int current_chunk_size =
                                __le16_to_cpu(map->blocks_per_strip) / 2;

                        if (geo->chunksize != current_chunk_size) {
                                u->new_chunksize = geo->chunksize / 1024;
                                dprintf("imsm: chunk size change from %i to %i\n",
                                        current_chunk_size, u->new_chunksize);
                        }
                        previous_level = map->raid_level;
                }
        }
        if (geo->level == 5 && previous_level == 0) {
                struct mdinfo *spares = NULL;

                u->new_raid_disks++;
                spares = get_spares_for_grow(st);
                if (spares == NULL || spares->array.spare_disks < 1) {
                        free(u);
                        sysfs_free(spares);
                        update_memory_size = 0;
                        pr_err("cannot get spare device for requested migration\n");
                        return 0;
                }
                sysfs_free(spares);
        }
        dprintf("imsm: reshape update preparation : OK\n");
        *updatep = u;

        return update_memory_size;
}

static void imsm_update_metadata_locally(struct supertype *st,
                                         void *buf, int len)
{
        struct metadata_update mu;

        mu.buf = buf;
        mu.len = len;
        mu.space = NULL;
        mu.space_list = NULL;
        mu.next = NULL;
        if (imsm_prepare_update(st, &mu))
                imsm_process_update(st, &mu);

        while (mu.space_list) {
                void **space = mu.space_list;
                mu.space_list = *space;
                free(space);
        }
}

/***************************************************************************
* Function:     imsm_analyze_change
* Description:  Function analyze change for single volume
*               and validate if transition is supported
* Parameters:   Geometry parameters, supertype structure,
*               metadata change direction (apply/rollback)
* Returns:      Operation type code on success, -1 if fail
****************************************************************************/
enum imsm_reshape_type imsm_analyze_change(struct supertype *st,
                                           struct geo_params *geo,
                                           int direction)
{
        struct mdinfo info;
        int change = -1;
        int check_devs = 0;
        int chunk;
        /* number of added/removed disks in operation result */
        int devNumChange = 0;
        /* imsm compatible layout value for array geometry verification */
        int imsm_layout = -1;
        int data_disks;
        struct imsm_dev *dev;
        struct imsm_map *map;
        struct intel_super *super;
        unsigned long long current_size;
        unsigned long long free_size;
        unsigned long long max_size;
        int rv;

        getinfo_super_imsm_volume(st, &info, NULL);
        if (geo->level != info.array.level && geo->level >= 0 &&
            geo->level != UnSet) {
                switch (info.array.level) {
                case 0:
                        if (geo->level == 5) {
                                change = CH_MIGRATION;
                                if (geo->layout != ALGORITHM_LEFT_ASYMMETRIC) {
                                        pr_err("Error. Requested Layout not supported (left-asymmetric layout is supported only)!\n");
                                        change = -1;
                                        goto analyse_change_exit;
                                }
                                imsm_layout =  geo->layout;
                                check_devs = 1;
                                devNumChange = 1; /* parity disk added */
                        } else if (geo->level == 10) {
                                change = CH_TAKEOVER;
                                check_devs = 1;
                                devNumChange = 2; /* two mirrors added */
                                imsm_layout = 0x102; /* imsm supported layout */
                        }
                        break;
                case 1:
                case 10:
                        if (geo->level == 0) {
                                change = CH_TAKEOVER;
                                check_devs = 1;
                                devNumChange = -(geo->raid_disks/2);
                                imsm_layout = 0; /* imsm raid0 layout */
                        }
                        break;
                }
                if (change == -1) {
                        pr_err("Error. Level Migration from %d to %d not supported!\n",
                               info.array.level, geo->level);
                        goto analyse_change_exit;
                }
        } else
                geo->level = info.array.level;

        if (geo->layout != info.array.layout &&
            (geo->layout != UnSet && geo->layout != -1)) {
                change = CH_MIGRATION;
                if (info.array.layout == 0 && info.array.level == 5 &&
                    geo->layout == 5) {
                        /* reshape 5 -> 4 */
                } else if (info.array.layout == 5 && info.array.level == 5 &&
                           geo->layout == 0) {
                        /* reshape 4 -> 5 */
                        geo->layout = 0;
                        geo->level = 5;
                } else {
                        pr_err("Error. Layout Migration from %d to %d not supported!\n",
                               info.array.layout, geo->layout);
                        change = -1;
                        goto analyse_change_exit;
                }
        } else {
                geo->layout = info.array.layout;
                if (imsm_layout == -1)
                        imsm_layout = info.array.layout;
        }

        if (geo->chunksize > 0 && geo->chunksize != UnSet &&
            geo->chunksize != info.array.chunk_size) {
                if (info.array.level == 10) {
                        pr_err("Error. Chunk size change for RAID 10 is not supported.\n");
                        change = -1;
                        goto analyse_change_exit;
                } else if (info.component_size % (geo->chunksize/512)) {
                        pr_err("New chunk size (%dK) does not evenly divide device size (%lluk). Aborting...\n",
                               geo->chunksize/1024, info.component_size/2);
                        change = -1;
                        goto analyse_change_exit;
                }
                change = CH_MIGRATION;
        } else {
                geo->chunksize = info.array.chunk_size;
        }

        chunk = geo->chunksize / 1024;

        super = st->sb;
        dev = get_imsm_dev(super, super->current_vol);
        map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
        data_disks = imsm_num_data_members(map);
        /* compute current size per disk member
         */
        current_size = info.custom_array_size / data_disks;

        if (geo->size > 0 && geo->size != MAX_SIZE) {
                /* align component size
                 */
                geo->size = imsm_component_size_alignment_check(
                                    get_imsm_raid_level(dev->vol.map),
                                    chunk * 1024, super->sector_size,
                                    geo->size * 2);
                if (geo->size == 0) {
                        pr_err("Error. Size expansion is supported only (current size is %llu, requested size /rounded/ is 0).\n",
                                   current_size);
                        goto analyse_change_exit;
                }
        }

        if (current_size != geo->size && geo->size > 0) {
                if (change != -1) {
                        pr_err("Error. Size change should be the only one at a time.\n");
                        change = -1;
                        goto analyse_change_exit;
                }
                if ((super->current_vol + 1) != super->anchor->num_raid_devs) {
                        pr_err("Error. The last volume in container can be expanded only (%i/%s).\n",
                               super->current_vol, st->devnm);
                        goto analyse_change_exit;
                }
                /* check the maximum available size
                 */
                rv =  imsm_get_free_size(st, dev->vol.map->num_members,
                                         0, chunk, &free_size);
                if (rv == 0)
                        /* Cannot find maximum available space
                         */
                        max_size = 0;
                else {
                        max_size = free_size + current_size;
                        /* align component size
                         */
                        max_size = imsm_component_size_alignment_check(
                                        get_imsm_raid_level(dev->vol.map),
                                        chunk * 1024, super->sector_size,
                                        max_size);
                }
                if (geo->size == MAX_SIZE) {
                        /* requested size change to the maximum available size
                         */
                        if (max_size == 0) {
                                pr_err("Error. Cannot find maximum available space.\n");
                                change = -1;
                                goto analyse_change_exit;
                        } else
                                geo->size = max_size;
                }

                if (direction == ROLLBACK_METADATA_CHANGES) {
                        /* accept size for rollback only
                        */
                } else {
                        /* round size due to metadata compatibility
                        */
                        geo->size = (geo->size >> SECT_PER_MB_SHIFT)
                                    << SECT_PER_MB_SHIFT;
                        dprintf("Prepare update for size change to %llu\n",
                                geo->size );
                        if (current_size >= geo->size) {
                                pr_err("Error. Size expansion is supported only (current size is %llu, requested size /rounded/ is %llu).\n",
                                       current_size, geo->size);
                                goto analyse_change_exit;
                        }
                        if (max_size && geo->size > max_size) {
                                pr_err("Error. Requested size is larger than maximum available size (maximum available size is %llu, requested size /rounded/ is %llu).\n",
                                       max_size, geo->size);
                                goto analyse_change_exit;
                        }
                }
                geo->size *= data_disks;
                geo->raid_disks = dev->vol.map->num_members;
                change = CH_ARRAY_SIZE;
        }
        if (!validate_geometry_imsm(st,
                                    geo->level,
                                    imsm_layout,
                                    geo->raid_disks + devNumChange,
                                    &chunk,
                                    geo->size, INVALID_SECTORS,
                                    0, 0, info.consistency_policy, 1))
                change = -1;

        if (check_devs) {
                struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
                struct imsm_super *mpb = super->anchor;

                if (mpb->num_raid_devs > 1) {
                        pr_err("Error. Cannot perform operation on %s- for this operation it MUST be single array in container\n",
                               geo->dev_name);
                        change = -1;
                }
        }

analyse_change_exit:
        if (direction == ROLLBACK_METADATA_CHANGES &&
            (change == CH_MIGRATION || change == CH_TAKEOVER)) {
                dprintf("imsm: Metadata changes rollback is not supported for migration and takeover operations.\n");
                change = -1;
        }
        return change;
}

int imsm_takeover(struct supertype *st, struct geo_params *geo)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct imsm_update_takeover *u;

        u = xmalloc(sizeof(struct imsm_update_takeover));

        u->type = update_takeover;
        u->subarray = super->current_vol;

        /* 10->0 transition */
        if (geo->level == 0)
                u->direction = R10_TO_R0;

        /* 0->10 transition */
        if (geo->level == 10)
                u->direction = R0_TO_R10;

        /* update metadata locally */
        imsm_update_metadata_locally(st, u,
                                        sizeof(struct imsm_update_takeover));
        /* and possibly remotely */
        if (st->update_tail)
                append_metadata_update(st, u,
                                        sizeof(struct imsm_update_takeover));
        else
                free(u);

        return 0;
}

/* Flush size update if size calculated by num_data_stripes is higher than
 * imsm_dev_size to eliminate differences during reshape.
 * Mdmon will recalculate them correctly.
 * If subarray index is not set then check whole container.
 * Returns:
 *      0 - no error occurred
 *      1 - error detected
 */
static int imsm_fix_size_mismatch(struct supertype *st, int subarray_index)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        int tmp = super->current_vol;
        int ret_val = 1;
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < super->anchor->num_raid_devs; i++) {
                if (subarray_index >= 0 && i != subarray_index)
                        continue;
                super->current_vol = i;
                struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, super->current_vol);
                struct imsm_map *map = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
                unsigned int disc_count = imsm_num_data_members(map);
                struct geo_params geo;
                struct imsm_update_size_change *update;
                unsigned long long calc_size = per_dev_array_size(map) * disc_count;
                unsigned long long d_size = imsm_dev_size(dev);
                int u_size;

                if (calc_size == d_size || dev->vol.migr_type == MIGR_GEN_MIGR)
                        continue;

                /* There is a difference, verify that imsm_dev_size is
                 * rounded correctly and push update.
                 */
                if (d_size != round_size_to_mb(d_size, disc_count)) {
                        dprintf("imsm: Size of volume %d is not rounded correctly\n",
                                 i);
                        goto exit;
                }
                memset(&geo, 0, sizeof(struct geo_params));
                geo.size = d_size;
                u_size = imsm_create_metadata_update_for_size_change(st, &geo,
                                                                     &update);
                if (u_size < 1) {
                        dprintf("imsm: Cannot prepare size change update\n");
                        goto exit;
                }
                imsm_update_metadata_locally(st, update, u_size);
                if (st->update_tail) {
                        append_metadata_update(st, update, u_size);
                        flush_metadata_updates(st);
                        st->update_tail = &st->updates;
                } else {
                        imsm_sync_metadata(st);
                }
        }
        ret_val = 0;
exit:
        super->current_vol = tmp;
        return ret_val;
}

static int imsm_reshape_super(struct supertype *st, unsigned long long size,
                              int level,
                              int layout, int chunksize, int raid_disks,
                              int delta_disks, char *backup, char *dev,
                              int direction, int verbose)
{
        int ret_val = 1;
        struct geo_params geo;

        dprintf("(enter)\n");

        memset(&geo, 0, sizeof(struct geo_params));

        geo.dev_name = dev;
        strcpy(geo.devnm, st->devnm);
        geo.size = size;
        geo.level = level;
        geo.layout = layout;
        geo.chunksize = chunksize;
        geo.raid_disks = raid_disks;
        if (delta_disks != UnSet)
                geo.raid_disks += delta_disks;

        dprintf("for level      : %i\n", geo.level);
        dprintf("for raid_disks : %i\n", geo.raid_disks);

        if (strcmp(st->container_devnm, st->devnm) == 0) {
                /* On container level we can only increase number of devices. */
                dprintf("imsm: info: Container operation\n");
                int old_raid_disks = 0;

                if (imsm_reshape_is_allowed_on_container(
                            st, &geo, &old_raid_disks, direction)) {
                        struct imsm_update_reshape *u = NULL;
                        int len;

                        if (imsm_fix_size_mismatch(st, -1)) {
                                dprintf("imsm: Cannot fix size mismatch\n");
                                goto exit_imsm_reshape_super;
                        }

                        len = imsm_create_metadata_update_for_reshape(
                                st, &geo, old_raid_disks, &u);

                        if (len <= 0) {
                                dprintf("imsm: Cannot prepare update\n");
                                goto exit_imsm_reshape_super;
                        }

                        ret_val = 0;
                        /* update metadata locally */
                        imsm_update_metadata_locally(st, u, len);
                        /* and possibly remotely */
                        if (st->update_tail)
                                append_metadata_update(st, u, len);
                        else
                                free(u);

                } else {
                        pr_err("(imsm) Operation is not allowed on this container\n");
                }
        } else {
                /* On volume level we support following operations
                 * - takeover: raid10 -> raid0; raid0 -> raid10
                 * - chunk size migration
                 * - migration: raid5 -> raid0; raid0 -> raid5
                 */
                struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
                struct intel_dev *dev = super->devlist;
                int change;
                dprintf("imsm: info: Volume operation\n");
                /* find requested device */
                while (dev) {
                        char *devnm =
                                imsm_find_array_devnm_by_subdev(
                                        dev->index, st->container_devnm);
                        if (devnm && strcmp(devnm, geo.devnm) == 0)
                                break;
                        dev = dev->next;
                }
                if (dev == NULL) {
                        pr_err("Cannot find %s (%s) subarray\n",
                                geo.dev_name, geo.devnm);
                        goto exit_imsm_reshape_super;
                }
                super->current_vol = dev->index;
                change = imsm_analyze_change(st, &geo, direction);
                switch (change) {
                case CH_TAKEOVER:
                        ret_val = imsm_takeover(st, &geo);
                        break;
                case CH_MIGRATION: {
                        struct imsm_update_reshape_migration *u = NULL;
                        int len =
                                imsm_create_metadata_update_for_migration(
                                        st, &geo, &u);
                        if (len < 1) {
                                dprintf("imsm: Cannot prepare update\n");
                                break;
                        }
                        ret_val = 0;
                        /* update metadata locally */
                        imsm_update_metadata_locally(st, u, len);
                        /* and possibly remotely */
                        if (st->update_tail)
                                append_metadata_update(st, u, len);
                        else
                                free(u);
                }
                break;
                case CH_ARRAY_SIZE: {
                        struct imsm_update_size_change *u = NULL;
                        int len =
                                imsm_create_metadata_update_for_size_change(
                                        st, &geo, &u);
                        if (len < 1) {
                                dprintf("imsm: Cannot prepare update\n");
                                break;
                        }
                        ret_val = 0;
                        /* update metadata locally */
                        imsm_update_metadata_locally(st, u, len);
                        /* and possibly remotely */
                        if (st->update_tail)
                                append_metadata_update(st, u, len);
                        else
                                free(u);
                }
                break;
                default:
                        ret_val = 1;
                }
        }

exit_imsm_reshape_super:
        dprintf("imsm: reshape_super Exit code = %i\n", ret_val);
        return ret_val;
}

#define COMPLETED_OK            0
#define COMPLETED_NONE          1
#define COMPLETED_DELAYED       2

static int read_completed(int fd, unsigned long long *val)
{
        int ret;
        char buf[50];

        ret = sysfs_fd_get_str(fd, buf, 50);
        if (ret < 0)
                return ret;

        ret = COMPLETED_OK;
        if (strncmp(buf, "none", 4) == 0) {
                ret = COMPLETED_NONE;
        } else if (strncmp(buf, "delayed", 7) == 0) {
                ret = COMPLETED_DELAYED;
        } else {
                char *ep;
                *val = strtoull(buf, &ep, 0);
                if (ep == buf || (*ep != 0 && *ep != '\n' && *ep != ' '))
                        ret = -1;
        }
        return ret;
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    wait_for_reshape_imsm
 * Description: Function writes new sync_max value and waits until
 *              reshape process reach new position
 * Parameters:
 *      sra             : general array info
 *      ndata           : number of disks in new array's layout
 * Returns:
 *       0 : success,
 *       1 : there is no reshape in progress,
 *      -1 : fail
 ******************************************************************************/
int wait_for_reshape_imsm(struct mdinfo *sra, int ndata)
{
        int fd = sysfs_get_fd(sra, NULL, "sync_completed");
        int retry = 3;
        unsigned long long completed;
        /* to_complete : new sync_max position */
        unsigned long long to_complete = sra->reshape_progress;
        unsigned long long position_to_set = to_complete / ndata;

        if (fd < 0) {
                dprintf("cannot open reshape_position\n");
                return 1;
        }

        do {
                if (sysfs_fd_get_ll(fd, &completed) < 0) {
                        if (!retry) {
                                dprintf("cannot read reshape_position (no reshape in progres)\n");
                                close(fd);
                                return 1;
                        }
                        usleep(30000);
                } else
                        break;
        } while (retry--);

        if (completed > position_to_set) {
                dprintf("wrong next position to set %llu (%llu)\n",
                        to_complete, position_to_set);
                close(fd);
                return -1;
        }
        dprintf("Position set: %llu\n", position_to_set);
        if (sysfs_set_num(sra, NULL, "sync_max",
                          position_to_set) != 0) {
                dprintf("cannot set reshape position to %llu\n",
                        position_to_set);
                close(fd);
                return -1;
        }

        do {
                int rc;
                char action[20];
                int timeout = 3000;

                sysfs_wait(fd, &timeout);
                if (sysfs_get_str(sra, NULL, "sync_action",
                                  action, 20) > 0 &&
                                strncmp(action, "reshape", 7) != 0) {
                        if (strncmp(action, "idle", 4) == 0)
                                break;
                        close(fd);
                        return -1;
                }

                rc = read_completed(fd, &completed);
                if (rc < 0) {
                        dprintf("cannot read reshape_position (in loop)\n");
                        close(fd);
                        return 1;
                } else if (rc == COMPLETED_NONE)
                        break;
        } while (completed < position_to_set);

        close(fd);
        return 0;
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    check_degradation_change
 * Description: Check that array hasn't become failed.
 * Parameters:
 *      info    : for sysfs access
 *      sources : source disks descriptors
 *      degraded: previous degradation level
 * Returns:
 *      degradation level
 ******************************************************************************/
int check_degradation_change(struct mdinfo *info,
                             int *sources,
                             int degraded)
{
        unsigned long long new_degraded;
        int rv;

        rv = sysfs_get_ll(info, NULL, "degraded", &new_degraded);
        if (rv == -1 || (new_degraded != (unsigned long long)degraded)) {
                /* check each device to ensure it is still working */
                struct mdinfo *sd;
                new_degraded = 0;
                for (sd = info->devs ; sd ; sd = sd->next) {
                        if (sd->disk.state & (1<<MD_DISK_FAULTY))
                                continue;
                        if (sd->disk.state & (1<<MD_DISK_SYNC)) {
                                char sbuf[100];

                                if (sysfs_get_str(info,
                                        sd, "state", sbuf, sizeof(sbuf)) < 0 ||
                                        strstr(sbuf, "faulty") ||
                                        strstr(sbuf, "in_sync") == NULL) {
                                        /* this device is dead */
                                        sd->disk.state = (1<<MD_DISK_FAULTY);
                                        if (sd->disk.raid_disk >= 0 &&
                                            sources[sd->disk.raid_disk] >= 0) {
                                                close(sources[
                                                        sd->disk.raid_disk]);
                                                sources[sd->disk.raid_disk] =
                                                        -1;
                                        }
                                        new_degraded++;
                                }
                        }
                }
        }

        return new_degraded;
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    imsm_manage_reshape
 * Description: Function finds array under reshape and it manages reshape
 *              process. It creates stripes backups (if required) and sets
 *              checkpoints.
 * Parameters:
 *      afd             : Backup handle (nattive) - not used
 *      sra             : general array info
 *      reshape         : reshape parameters - not used
 *      st              : supertype structure
 *      blocks          : size of critical section [blocks]
 *      fds             : table of source device descriptor
 *      offsets         : start of array (offest per devices)
 *      dests           : not used
 *      destfd          : table of destination device descriptor
 *      destoffsets     : table of destination offsets (per device)
 * Returns:
 *      1 : success, reshape is done
 *      0 : fail
 ******************************************************************************/
static int imsm_manage_reshape(
        int afd, struct mdinfo *sra, struct reshape *reshape,
        struct supertype *st, unsigned long backup_blocks,
        int *fds, unsigned long long *offsets,
        int dests, int *destfd, unsigned long long *destoffsets)
{
        int ret_val = 0;
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct intel_dev *dv;
        unsigned int sector_size = super->sector_size;
        struct imsm_dev *dev = NULL;
        struct imsm_map *map_src, *map_dest;
        int migr_vol_qan = 0;
        int ndata, odata; /* [bytes] */
        int chunk; /* [bytes] */
        struct migr_record *migr_rec;
        char *buf = NULL;
        unsigned int buf_size; /* [bytes] */
        unsigned long long max_position; /* array size [bytes] */
        unsigned long long next_step; /* [blocks]/[bytes] */
        unsigned long long old_data_stripe_length;
        unsigned long long start_src; /* [bytes] */
        unsigned long long start; /* [bytes] */
        unsigned long long start_buf_shift; /* [bytes] */
        int degraded = 0;
        int source_layout = 0;
        int subarray_index = -1;

        if (!sra)
                return ret_val;

        if (!fds || !offsets)
                goto abort;

        /* Find volume during the reshape */
        for (dv = super->devlist; dv; dv = dv->next) {
                if (dv->dev->vol.migr_type == MIGR_GEN_MIGR &&
                    dv->dev->vol.migr_state == 1) {
                        dev = dv->dev;
                        migr_vol_qan++;
                        subarray_index = dv->index;
                }
        }
        /* Only one volume can migrate at the same time */
        if (migr_vol_qan != 1) {
                pr_err("%s", migr_vol_qan ?
                        "Number of migrating volumes greater than 1\n" :
                        "There is no volume during migrationg\n");
                goto abort;
        }

        map_dest = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_0);
        map_src = get_imsm_map(dev, MAP_1);
        if (map_src == NULL)
                goto abort;

        ndata = imsm_num_data_members(map_dest);
        odata = imsm_num_data_members(map_src);

        chunk = __le16_to_cpu(map_src->blocks_per_strip) * 512;
        old_data_stripe_length = odata * chunk;

        migr_rec = super->migr_rec;

        /* initialize migration record for start condition */
        if (sra->reshape_progress == 0)
                init_migr_record_imsm(st, dev, sra);
        else {
                if (__le32_to_cpu(migr_rec->rec_status) != UNIT_SRC_NORMAL) {
                        dprintf("imsm: cannot restart migration when data are present in copy area.\n");
                        goto abort;
                }
                /* Save checkpoint to update migration record for current
                 * reshape position (in md). It can be farther than current
                 * reshape position in metadata.
                 */
                if (save_checkpoint_imsm(st, sra, UNIT_SRC_NORMAL) == 1) {
                        /* ignore error == 2, this can mean end of reshape here
                         */
                        dprintf("imsm: Cannot write checkpoint to migration record (UNIT_SRC_NORMAL, initial save)\n");
                        goto abort;
                }
        }

        /* size for data */
        buf_size = __le32_to_cpu(migr_rec->blocks_per_unit) * 512;
        /* extend  buffer size for parity disk */
        buf_size += __le32_to_cpu(migr_rec->dest_depth_per_unit) * 512;
        /* add space for stripe alignment */
        buf_size += old_data_stripe_length;
        if (posix_memalign((void **)&buf, MAX_SECTOR_SIZE, buf_size)) {
                dprintf("imsm: Cannot allocate checkpoint buffer\n");
                goto abort;
        }

        max_position = sra->component_size * ndata;
        source_layout = imsm_level_to_layout(map_src->raid_level);

        while (current_migr_unit(migr_rec) <
               get_num_migr_units(migr_rec)) {
                /* current reshape position [blocks] */
                unsigned long long current_position =
                        __le32_to_cpu(migr_rec->blocks_per_unit)
                        * current_migr_unit(migr_rec);
                unsigned long long border;

                /* Check that array hasn't become failed.
                 */
                degraded = check_degradation_change(sra, fds, degraded);
                if (degraded > 1) {
                        dprintf("imsm: Abort reshape due to degradation level (%i)\n", degraded);
                        goto abort;
                }

                next_step = __le32_to_cpu(migr_rec->blocks_per_unit);

                if ((current_position + next_step) > max_position)
                        next_step = max_position - current_position;

                start = current_position * 512;

                /* align reading start to old geometry */
                start_buf_shift = start % old_data_stripe_length;
                start_src = start - start_buf_shift;

                border = (start_src / odata) - (start / ndata);
                border /= 512;
                if (border <= __le32_to_cpu(migr_rec->dest_depth_per_unit)) {
                        /* save critical stripes to buf
                         * start     - start address of current unit
                         *             to backup [bytes]
                         * start_src - start address of current unit
                         *             to backup alligned to source array
                         *             [bytes]
                         */
                        unsigned long long next_step_filler;
                        unsigned long long copy_length = next_step * 512;

                        /* allign copy area length to stripe in old geometry */
                        next_step_filler = ((copy_length + start_buf_shift)
                                            % old_data_stripe_length);
                        if (next_step_filler)
                                next_step_filler = (old_data_stripe_length
                                                    - next_step_filler);
                        dprintf("save_stripes() parameters: start = %llu,\tstart_src = %llu,\tnext_step*512 = %llu,\tstart_in_buf_shift = %llu,\tnext_step_filler = %llu\n",
                                start, start_src, copy_length,
                                start_buf_shift, next_step_filler);

                        if (save_stripes(fds, offsets, map_src->num_members,
                                         chunk, map_src->raid_level,
                                         source_layout, 0, NULL, start_src,
                                         copy_length +
                                         next_step_filler + start_buf_shift,
                                         buf)) {
                                dprintf("imsm: Cannot save stripes to buffer\n");
                                goto abort;
                        }
                        /* Convert data to destination format and store it
                         * in backup general migration area
                         */
                        if (save_backup_imsm(st, dev, sra,
                                buf + start_buf_shift, copy_length)) {
                                dprintf("imsm: Cannot save stripes to target devices\n");
                                goto abort;
                        }
                        if (save_checkpoint_imsm(st, sra,
                                                 UNIT_SRC_IN_CP_AREA)) {
                                dprintf("imsm: Cannot write checkpoint to migration record (UNIT_SRC_IN_CP_AREA)\n");
                                goto abort;
                        }
                } else {
                        /* set next step to use whole border area */
                        border /= next_step;
                        if (border > 1)
                                next_step *= border;
                }
                /* When data backed up, checkpoint stored,
                 * kick the kernel to reshape unit of data
                 */
                next_step = next_step + sra->reshape_progress;
                /* limit next step to array max position */
                if (next_step > max_position)
                        next_step = max_position;
                sysfs_set_num(sra, NULL, "suspend_lo", sra->reshape_progress);
                sysfs_set_num(sra, NULL, "suspend_hi", next_step);
                sra->reshape_progress = next_step;

                /* wait until reshape finish */
                if (wait_for_reshape_imsm(sra, ndata)) {
                        dprintf("wait_for_reshape_imsm returned error!\n");
                        goto abort;
                }
                if (sigterm)
                        goto abort;

                if (save_checkpoint_imsm(st, sra, UNIT_SRC_NORMAL) == 1) {
                        /* ignore error == 2, this can mean end of reshape here
                         */
                        dprintf("imsm: Cannot write checkpoint to migration record (UNIT_SRC_NORMAL)\n");
                        goto abort;
                }

        }

        /* clear migr_rec on disks after successful migration */
        struct dl *d;

        memset(super->migr_rec_buf, 0, MIGR_REC_BUF_SECTORS*MAX_SECTOR_SIZE);
        for (d = super->disks; d; d = d->next) {
                if (d->index < 0 || is_failed(&d->disk))
                        continue;
                unsigned long long dsize;

                get_dev_size(d->fd, NULL, &dsize);
                if (lseek64(d->fd, dsize - MIGR_REC_SECTOR_POSITION*sector_size,
                            SEEK_SET) >= 0) {
                        if ((unsigned int)write(d->fd, super->migr_rec_buf,
                            MIGR_REC_BUF_SECTORS*sector_size) !=
                            MIGR_REC_BUF_SECTORS*sector_size)
                                perror("Write migr_rec failed");
                }
        }

        /* return '1' if done */
        ret_val = 1;

        /* After the reshape eliminate size mismatch in metadata.
         * Don't update md/component_size here, volume hasn't
         * to take whole space. It is allowed by kernel.
         * md/component_size will be set propoperly after next assembly.
         */
        imsm_fix_size_mismatch(st, subarray_index);

abort:
        free(buf);
        /* See Grow.c: abort_reshape() for further explanation */
        sysfs_set_num(sra, NULL, "suspend_lo", 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL);
        sysfs_set_num(sra, NULL, "suspend_hi", 0);
        sysfs_set_num(sra, NULL, "suspend_lo", 0);

        return ret_val;
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    calculate_bitmap_min_chunksize
 * Description: Calculates the minimal valid bitmap chunk size
 * Parameters:
 *      max_bits        : indicate how many bits can be used for the bitmap
 *      data_area_size  : the size of the data area covered by the bitmap
 *
 * Returns:
 *       The bitmap chunk size
 ******************************************************************************/
static unsigned long long
calculate_bitmap_min_chunksize(unsigned long long max_bits,
                               unsigned long long data_area_size)
{
        unsigned long long min_chunk =
                4096; /* sub-page chunks don't work yet.. */
        unsigned long long bits = data_area_size / min_chunk + 1;

        while (bits > max_bits) {
                min_chunk *= 2;
                bits = (bits + 1) / 2;
        }
        return min_chunk;
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    calculate_bitmap_chunksize
 * Description: Calculates the bitmap chunk size for the given device
 * Parameters:
 *      st      : supertype information
 *      dev     : device for the bitmap
 *
 * Returns:
 *       The bitmap chunk size
 ******************************************************************************/
static unsigned long long calculate_bitmap_chunksize(struct supertype *st,
                                                     struct imsm_dev *dev)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        unsigned long long min_chunksize;
        unsigned long long result = IMSM_DEFAULT_BITMAP_CHUNKSIZE;
        size_t dev_size = imsm_dev_size(dev);

        min_chunksize = calculate_bitmap_min_chunksize(
                IMSM_BITMAP_AREA_SIZE * super->sector_size, dev_size);

        if (result < min_chunksize)
                result = min_chunksize;

        return result;
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    init_bitmap_header
 * Description: Initialize the bitmap header structure
 * Parameters:
 *      st      : supertype information
 *      bms     : bitmap header struct to initialize
 *      dev     : device for the bitmap
 *
 * Returns:
 *       0 : success
 *      -1 : fail
 ******************************************************************************/
static int init_bitmap_header(struct supertype *st, struct bitmap_super_s *bms,
                              struct imsm_dev *dev)
{
        int vol_uuid[4];

        if (!bms || !dev)
                return -1;

        bms->magic = __cpu_to_le32(BITMAP_MAGIC);
        bms->version = __cpu_to_le32(BITMAP_MAJOR_HI);
        bms->daemon_sleep = __cpu_to_le32(IMSM_DEFAULT_BITMAP_DAEMON_SLEEP);
        bms->sync_size = __cpu_to_le64(IMSM_BITMAP_AREA_SIZE);
        bms->write_behind = __cpu_to_le32(0);

        uuid_from_super_imsm(st, vol_uuid);
        memcpy(bms->uuid, vol_uuid, 16);

        bms->chunksize = calculate_bitmap_chunksize(st, dev);

        return 0;
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    validate_internal_bitmap_for_drive
 * Description: Verify if the bitmap header for a given drive.
 * Parameters:
 *      st      : supertype information
 *      offset  : The offset from the beginning of the drive where to look for
 *                the bitmap header.
 *      d       : the drive info
 *
 * Returns:
 *       0 : success
 *      -1 : fail
 ******************************************************************************/
static int validate_internal_bitmap_for_drive(struct supertype *st,
                                              unsigned long long offset,
                                              struct dl *d)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        int ret = -1;
        int vol_uuid[4];
        bitmap_super_t *bms;
        int fd;

        if (!d)
                return -1;

        void *read_buf;

        if (posix_memalign(&read_buf, MAX_SECTOR_SIZE, IMSM_BITMAP_HEADER_SIZE))
                return -1;

        fd = d->fd;
        if (fd < 0) {
                fd = open(d->devname, O_RDONLY, 0);
                if (fd < 0) {
                        dprintf("cannot open the device %s\n", d->devname);
                        goto abort;
                }
        }

        if (lseek64(fd, offset * super->sector_size, SEEK_SET) < 0)
                goto abort;
        if (read(fd, read_buf, IMSM_BITMAP_HEADER_SIZE) !=
            IMSM_BITMAP_HEADER_SIZE)
                goto abort;

        uuid_from_super_imsm(st, vol_uuid);

        bms = read_buf;
        if ((bms->magic != __cpu_to_le32(BITMAP_MAGIC)) ||
            (bms->version != __cpu_to_le32(BITMAP_MAJOR_HI)) ||
            (!same_uuid((int *)bms->uuid, vol_uuid, st->ss->swapuuid))) {
                dprintf("wrong bitmap header detected\n");
                goto abort;
        }

        ret = 0;
abort:
        if ((d->fd < 0) && (fd >= 0))
                close(fd);
        if (read_buf)
                free(read_buf);

        return ret;
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    validate_internal_bitmap_imsm
 * Description: Verify if the bitmap header is in place and with proper data.
 * Parameters:
 *      st      : supertype information
 *
 * Returns:
 *       0 : success or device w/o RWH_BITMAP
 *      -1 : fail
 ******************************************************************************/
static int validate_internal_bitmap_imsm(struct supertype *st)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, super->current_vol);
        unsigned long long offset;
        struct dl *d;

        if (!dev)
                return -1;

        if (dev->rwh_policy != RWH_BITMAP)
                return 0;

        offset = get_bitmap_header_sector(super, super->current_vol);
        for (d = super->disks; d; d = d->next) {
                if (d->index < 0 || is_failed(&d->disk))
                        continue;

                if (validate_internal_bitmap_for_drive(st, offset, d)) {
                        pr_err("imsm: bitmap validation failed\n");
                        return -1;
                }
        }
        return 0;
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    add_internal_bitmap_imsm
 * Description: Mark the volume to use the bitmap and updates the chunk size value.
 * Parameters:
 *      st              : supertype information
 *      chunkp          : bitmap chunk size
 *      delay           : not used for imsm
 *      write_behind    : not used for imsm
 *      size            : not used for imsm
 *      may_change      : not used for imsm
 *      amajor          : not used for imsm
 *
 * Returns:
 *       0 : success
 *      -1 : fail
 ******************************************************************************/
static int add_internal_bitmap_imsm(struct supertype *st, int *chunkp,
                                    int delay, int write_behind,
                                    unsigned long long size, int may_change,
                                    int amajor)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        int vol_idx = super->current_vol;
        struct imsm_dev *dev;

        if (!super->devlist || vol_idx == -1 || !chunkp)
                return -1;

        dev = get_imsm_dev(super, vol_idx);

        if (!dev) {
                dprintf("cannot find the device for volume index %d\n",
                        vol_idx);
                return -1;
        }
        dev->rwh_policy = RWH_BITMAP;

        *chunkp = calculate_bitmap_chunksize(st, dev);

        return 0;
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    locate_bitmap_imsm
 * Description: Seek 'fd' to start of write-intent-bitmap.
 * Parameters:
 *      st              : supertype information
 *      fd              : file descriptor for the device
 *      node_num        : not used for imsm
 *
 * Returns:
 *       0 : success
 *      -1 : fail
 ******************************************************************************/
static int locate_bitmap_imsm(struct supertype *st, int fd, int node_num)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        unsigned long long offset;
        int vol_idx = super->current_vol;

        if (!super->devlist || vol_idx == -1)
                return -1;

        offset = get_bitmap_header_sector(super, super->current_vol);
        dprintf("bitmap header offset is %llu\n", offset);

        lseek64(fd, offset << 9, 0);

        return 0;
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    write_init_bitmap_imsm
 * Description: Write a bitmap header and prepares the area for the bitmap.
 * Parameters:
 *      st      : supertype information
 *      fd      : file descriptor for the device
 *      update  : not used for imsm
 *
 * Returns:
 *       0 : success
 *      -1 : fail
 ******************************************************************************/
static int write_init_bitmap_imsm(struct supertype *st, int fd,
                                  enum bitmap_update update)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        int vol_idx = super->current_vol;
        int ret = 0;
        unsigned long long offset;
        bitmap_super_t bms = { 0 };
        size_t written = 0;
        size_t to_write;
        ssize_t rv_num;
        void *buf;

        if (!super->devlist || !super->sector_size || vol_idx == -1)
                return -1;

        struct imsm_dev *dev = get_imsm_dev(super, vol_idx);

        /* first clear the space for bitmap header */
        unsigned long long bitmap_area_start =
                get_bitmap_header_sector(super, vol_idx);

        dprintf("zeroing area start (%llu) and size (%u)\n", bitmap_area_start,
                IMSM_BITMAP_AND_HEADER_SIZE / super->sector_size);
        if (zero_disk_range(fd, bitmap_area_start,
                            IMSM_BITMAP_HEADER_SIZE / super->sector_size)) {
                pr_err("imsm: cannot zeroing the space for the bitmap\n");
                return -1;
        }

        /* The bitmap area should be filled with "1"s to perform initial
         * synchronization.
         */
        if (posix_memalign(&buf, MAX_SECTOR_SIZE, MAX_SECTOR_SIZE))
                return -1;
        memset(buf, 0xFF, MAX_SECTOR_SIZE);
        offset = get_bitmap_sector(super, vol_idx);
        lseek64(fd, offset << 9, 0);
        while (written < IMSM_BITMAP_AREA_SIZE) {
                to_write = IMSM_BITMAP_AREA_SIZE - written;
                if (to_write > MAX_SECTOR_SIZE)
                        to_write = MAX_SECTOR_SIZE;
                rv_num = write(fd, buf, MAX_SECTOR_SIZE);
                if (rv_num != MAX_SECTOR_SIZE) {
                        ret = -1;
                        dprintf("cannot initialize bitmap area\n");
                        goto abort;
                }
                written += rv_num;
        }

        /* write a bitmap header */
        init_bitmap_header(st, &bms, dev);
        memset(buf, 0, MAX_SECTOR_SIZE);
        memcpy(buf, &bms, sizeof(bitmap_super_t));
        if (locate_bitmap_imsm(st, fd, 0)) {
                ret = -1;
                dprintf("cannot locate the bitmap\n");
                goto abort;
        }
        if (write(fd, buf, MAX_SECTOR_SIZE) != MAX_SECTOR_SIZE) {
                ret = -1;
                dprintf("cannot write the bitmap header\n");
                goto abort;
        }
        fsync(fd);

abort:
        free(buf);

        return ret;
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    is_vol_to_setup_bitmap
 * Description: Checks if a bitmap should be activated on the dev.
 * Parameters:
 *      info    : info about the volume to setup the bitmap
 *      dev     : the device to check against bitmap creation
 *
 * Returns:
 *       0 : bitmap should be set up on the device
 *      -1 : otherwise
 ******************************************************************************/
static int is_vol_to_setup_bitmap(struct mdinfo *info, struct imsm_dev *dev)
{
        if (!dev || !info)
                return -1;

        if ((strcmp((char *)dev->volume, info->name) == 0) &&
            (dev->rwh_policy == RWH_BITMAP))
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    set_bitmap_sysfs
 * Description: Set the sysfs atributes of a given volume to activate the bitmap.
 * Parameters:
 *      info            : info about the volume where the bitmap should be setup
 *      chunksize       : bitmap chunk size
 *      location        : location of the bitmap
 *
 * Returns:
 *       0 : success
 *      -1 : fail
 ******************************************************************************/
static int set_bitmap_sysfs(struct mdinfo *info, unsigned long long chunksize,
                            char *location)
{
        /* The bitmap/metadata is set to external to allow changing of value for
         * bitmap/location. When external is used, the kernel will treat an offset
         * related to the device's first lba (in opposition to the "internal" case
         * when this value is related to the beginning of the superblock).
         */
        if (sysfs_set_str(info, NULL, "bitmap/metadata", "external")) {
                dprintf("failed to set bitmap/metadata\n");
                return -1;
        }

        /* It can only be changed when no bitmap is active.
         * Should be bigger than 512 and must be power of 2.
         * It is expecting the value in bytes.
         */
        if (sysfs_set_num(info, NULL, "bitmap/chunksize",
                                          __cpu_to_le32(chunksize))) {
                dprintf("failed to set bitmap/chunksize\n");
                return -1;
        }

        /* It is expecting the value in sectors. */
        if (sysfs_set_num(info, NULL, "bitmap/space",
                                          __cpu_to_le64(IMSM_BITMAP_AREA_SIZE))) {
                dprintf("failed to set bitmap/space\n");
                return -1;
        }

        /* Determines the delay between the bitmap updates.
         * It is expecting the value in seconds.
         */
        if (sysfs_set_num(info, NULL, "bitmap/time_base",
                                          __cpu_to_le64(IMSM_DEFAULT_BITMAP_DAEMON_SLEEP))) {
                dprintf("failed to set bitmap/time_base\n");
                return -1;
        }

        /* It is expecting the value in sectors with a sign at the beginning. */
        if (sysfs_set_str(info, NULL, "bitmap/location", location)) {
                dprintf("failed to set bitmap/location\n");
                return -1;
        }

        return 0;
}

/*******************************************************************************
 * Function:    set_bitmap_imsm
 * Description: Setup the bitmap for the given volume
 * Parameters:
 *      st      : supertype information
 *      info    : info about the volume where the bitmap should be setup
 *
 * Returns:
 *       0 : success
 *      -1 : fail
 ******************************************************************************/
static int set_bitmap_imsm(struct supertype *st, struct mdinfo *info)
{
        struct intel_super *super = st->sb;
        int prev_current_vol = super->current_vol;
        struct imsm_dev *dev;
        int ret = -1;
        char location[16] = "";
        unsigned long long chunksize;
        struct intel_dev *dev_it;

        for (dev_it = super->devlist; dev_it; dev_it = dev_it->next) {
                super->current_vol = dev_it->index;
                dev = get_imsm_dev(super, super->current_vol);

                if (is_vol_to_setup_bitmap(info, dev)) {
                        if (validate_internal_bitmap_imsm(st)) {
                                dprintf("bitmap header validation failed\n");
                                goto abort;
                        }

                        chunksize = calculate_bitmap_chunksize(st, dev);
                        dprintf("chunk size is %llu\n", chunksize);

                        snprintf(location, sizeof(location), "+%llu",
                                 get_bitmap_sector(super, super->current_vol));
                        dprintf("bitmap offset is %s\n", location);

                        if (set_bitmap_sysfs(info, chunksize, location)) {
                                dprintf("cannot setup the bitmap\n");
                                goto abort;
                        }
                }
        }
        ret = 0;
abort:
        super->current_vol = prev_current_vol;
        return ret;
}

struct superswitch super_imsm = {
        .examine_super  = examine_super_imsm,
        .brief_examine_super = brief_examine_super_imsm,
        .brief_examine_subarrays = brief_examine_subarrays_imsm,
        .export_examine_super = export_examine_super_imsm,
        .detail_super   = detail_super_imsm,
        .brief_detail_super = brief_detail_super_imsm,
        .write_init_super = write_init_super_imsm,
        .validate_geometry = validate_geometry_imsm,
        .add_to_super   = add_to_super_imsm,
        .remove_from_super = remove_from_super_imsm,
        .detail_platform = detail_platform_imsm,
        .export_detail_platform = export_detail_platform_imsm,
        .kill_subarray = kill_subarray_imsm,
        .update_subarray = update_subarray_imsm,
        .load_container = load_container_imsm,
        .default_geometry = default_geometry_imsm,
        .get_disk_controller_domain = imsm_get_disk_controller_domain,
        .reshape_super  = imsm_reshape_super,
        .manage_reshape = imsm_manage_reshape,
        .recover_backup = recover_backup_imsm,
        .examine_badblocks = examine_badblocks_imsm,
        .match_home     = match_home_imsm,
        .uuid_from_super= uuid_from_super_imsm,
        .getinfo_super  = getinfo_super_imsm,
        .getinfo_super_disks = getinfo_super_disks_imsm,
        .update_super   = update_super_imsm,

        .avail_size     = avail_size_imsm,
        .get_spare_criteria = get_spare_criteria_imsm,

        .compare_super  = compare_super_imsm,

        .load_super     = load_super_imsm,
        .init_super     = init_super_imsm,
        .store_super    = store_super_imsm,
        .free_super     = free_super_imsm,
        .match_metadata_desc = match_metadata_desc_imsm,
        .container_content = container_content_imsm,
        .validate_container = validate_container_imsm,

        .add_internal_bitmap = add_internal_bitmap_imsm,
        .locate_bitmap = locate_bitmap_imsm,
        .write_bitmap = write_init_bitmap_imsm,
        .set_bitmap = set_bitmap_imsm,

        .write_init_ppl = write_init_ppl_imsm,
        .validate_ppl   = validate_ppl_imsm,

        .external       = 1,
        .name = "imsm",

/* for mdmon */
        .open_new       = imsm_open_new,
        .set_array_state= imsm_set_array_state,
        .set_disk       = imsm_set_disk,
        .sync_metadata  = imsm_sync_metadata,
        .activate_spare = imsm_activate_spare,
        .process_update = imsm_process_update,
        .prepare_update = imsm_prepare_update,
        .record_bad_block = imsm_record_badblock,
        .clear_bad_block  = imsm_clear_badblock,
        .get_bad_blocks   = imsm_get_badblocks,
};