/*
* mdadm - manage Linux "md" devices aka RAID arrays.
*
- * Copyright (C) 2001-2002 Neil Brown <neilb@cse.unsw.edu.au>
+ * Copyright (C) 2001-2007 Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
*
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
*
* Author: Neil Brown
- * Email: <neilb@cse.unsw.edu.au>
- * Paper: Neil Brown
- * School of Computer Science and Engineering
- * The University of New South Wales
- * Sydney, 2052
- * Australia
+ * Email: <neilb@suse.de>
*/
#include "mdadm.h"
-char Version[] = Name " - v1.5.0 - 22 Jan 2004\n";
+char Version[] = Name " - v2.6.5 - 15th May 2008\n";
+
/*
* File: ReadMe.c
*
*/
/*
- * mdadm has 6 major modes of operation:
+ * mdadm has 7 major modes of operation:
* 1/ Create
* This mode is used to create a new array with a superblock
* It can progress in several step create-add-add-run
* Also query will treat it as either
* 6/ Monitor
* This mode never exits but just monitors arrays and reports changes.
+ * 7/ Grow
+ * This mode allows for changing of key attributes of a raid array, such
+ * as size, number of devices, and possibly even layout.
+ * At the time if writing, there is only minimal support.
*/
-char short_options[]="-ABCDEFGQhVvbc:l:p:m:n:x:u:c:d:z:U:sarfRSow1t";
+char short_options[]="-ABCDEFGIQhVXWvqbc:i:l:p:m:n:x:u:c:d:z:U:sarfRSow1tye:";
+char short_bitmap_options[]=
+ "-ABCDEFGIQhVXWvqb:c:i:l:p:m:n:x:u:c:d:z:U:sarfRSow1tye:";
+char short_bitmap_auto_options[]=
+ "-ABCDEFGIQhVXWvqb:c:i:l:p:m:n:x:u:c:d:z:U:sa:rfRSow1tye:";
+
struct option long_options[] = {
{"manage", 0, 0, '@'},
{"misc", 0, 0, '#'},
{"detail", 0, 0, 'D'},
{"examine", 0, 0, 'E'},
{"follow", 0, 0, 'F'},
- {"grow", 0, 0, 'G'}, /* not yet implemented */
+ {"grow", 0, 0, 'G'},
+ {"incremental",0,0, 'I'},
{"zero-superblock", 0, 0, 'K'}, /* deliberately no a short_option */
{"query", 0, 0, 'Q'},
+ {"examine-bitmap", 0, 0, 'X'},
+ {"auto-detect", 0, 0, AutoDetect},
/* synonyms */
{"monitor", 0, 0, 'F'},
-
+
/* after those will normally come the name of the md device */
{"help", 0, 0, 'h'},
{"help-options",0,0,'h'},
{"version", 0, 0, 'V'},
{"verbose", 0, 0, 'v'},
+ {"quiet", 0, 0, 'q'},
/* For create or build: */
{"chunk", 1, 0, 'c'},
{"raid-devices",1, 0, 'n'},
{"spare-disks",1,0, 'x'},
{"spare-devices",1,0, 'x'},
- {"size" ,1, 0, 'z'},
+ {"size", 1, 0, 'z'},
+ {"auto", 1, 0, 'a'}, /* also for --assemble */
+ {"assume-clean",0,0, AssumeClean },
+ {"metadata", 1, 0, 'e'}, /* superblock format */
+ {"bitmap", 1, 0, 'b'},
+ {"bitmap-chunk", 1, 0, BitmapChunk},
+ {"write-behind", 2, 0, WriteBehind},
+ {"write-mostly",0, 0, 'W'},
+ {"re-add", 0, 0, ReAdd},
+ {"homehost", 1, 0, HomeHost},
+ {"auto-update-homehost", 0, 0, AutoHomeHost},
+ {"symlinks", 1, 0, Symlinks},
/* For assemble */
{"uuid", 1, 0, 'u'},
{"super-minor",1,0, 'm'},
+ {"name", 1, 0, 'N'},
{"config", 1, 0, 'c'},
{"scan", 0, 0, 's'},
{"force", 0, 0, 'f'},
{"update", 1, 0, 'U'},
+
/* Management */
{"add", 0, 0, 'a'},
{"remove", 0, 0, 'r'},
{"stop", 0, 0, 'S'},
{"readonly", 0, 0, 'o'},
{"readwrite", 0, 0, 'w'},
+ {"no-degraded",0,0, NoDegraded },
+ {"wait", 0, 0, 'W'},
/* For Detail/Examine */
{"brief", 0, 0, 'b'},
- {"sparc2.2", 0, 0, 22},
+ {"export", 0, 0, 'Y'},
+ {"sparc2.2", 0, 0, Sparc22},
{"test", 0, 0, 't'},
/* For Follow/monitor */
{"daemonise", 0, 0, 'f'},
{"daemonize", 0, 0, 'f'},
{"oneshot", 0, 0, '1'},
-
+ {"pid-file", 1, 0, 'i'},
+ {"syslog", 0, 0, 'y'},
+ /* For Grow */
+ {"backup-file", 1,0, BackupFile},
+
+ /* For Incremental */
+ {"rebuild-map", 0, 0, 'r'},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
;
char Help[] =
+"mdadm is used for building, managing, and monitoring\n"
+"Linux md devices (aka RAID arrays)\n"
"Usage: mdadm --create device options...\n"
+" Create a new array from unused devices.\n"
" mdadm --assemble device options...\n"
+" Assemble a previously created array.\n"
" mdadm --build device options...\n"
+" Create or assemble an array without metadata.\n"
" mdadm --manage device options...\n"
+" make changes to an existing array.\n"
" mdadm --misc options... devices\n"
+" report on or modify various md related devices.\n"
+" mdadm --grow options device\n"
+" resize/reshape an active array\n"
+" mdadm --incremental device\n"
+" add a device to an array as appropriate\n"
" mdadm --monitor options...\n"
+" Monitor one or more array for significant changes.\n"
" mdadm device options...\n"
-" mdadm is used for building, managing, and monitoring\n"
-" Linux md devices (aka RAID arrays)\n"
+" Shorthand for --manage.\n"
+"Any parameter that does not start with '-' is treated as a device name\n"
+"or, for --examine-bitmap, a file name.\n"
+"The first such name is often the name of an md device. Subsequent\n"
+"names are often names of component devices.\n"
+"\n"
" For detailed help on the above major modes use --help after the mode\n"
" e.g.\n"
" mdadm --assemble --help\n"
char OptionHelp[] =
"Any parameter that does not start with '-' is treated as a device name\n"
+"or, for --examine-bitmap, a file name.\n"
"The first such name is often the name of an md device. Subsequent\n"
-"names are often names of component devices."
+"names are often names of component devices.\n"
"\n"
"Some common options are:\n"
" --help -h : General help message or, after above option,\n"
" --help-options : This help message\n"
" --version -V : Print version information for mdadm\n"
" --verbose -v : Be more verbose about what is happening\n"
+" --quiet -q : Don't print un-necessary messages\n"
" --brief -b : Be less verbose, more brief\n"
+" --export -Y : With --detail, use key=value format for easy\n"
+" import into environment\n"
" --force -f : Override normal checks and be more forceful\n"
"\n"
" --assemble -A : Assemble an array\n"
-" --build -B : Build a legacy array\n"
+" --build -B : Build an array without metadata\n"
" --create -C : Create a new array\n"
" --detail -D : Display details of an array\n"
" --examine -E : Examine superblock on an array component\n"
+" --examine-bitmap -X: Display the detail of a bitmap file\n"
" --monitor -F : monitor (follow) some arrays\n"
+" --grow -G : resize/ reshape and array\n"
+" --incremental -I : add a single device to an array as appropriate\n"
" --query -Q : Display general information about how a\n"
" device relates to the md driver\n"
+" --auto-detect : Start arrays auto-detected by the kernel\n"
;
/*
"\n"
" For create or build:\n"
+" --bitmap= -b : File to store bitmap in - may pre-exist for --build\n"
" --chunk= -c : chunk size of kibibytes\n"
" --rounding= : rounding factor for linear array (==chunk size)\n"
" --level= -l : raid level: 0,1,4,5,6,linear,mp. 0 or linear for build\n"
" --layout= : same as --parity\n"
" --raid-devices= -n : number of active devices in array\n"
" --spare-devices= -x: number of spares (eXtras) devices in initial array\n"
-" --size= -z : Size (in K) of each drive in RAID1/4/5/6 - optional\n"
+" --size= -z : Size (in K) of each drive in RAID1/4/5/6/10 - optional\n"
" --force -f : Honour devices as listed on command line. Don't\n"
" : insert a missing drive for RAID5.\n"
+" --auto(=p) -a : Automatically allocate new (partitioned) md array if needed.\n"
+" --assume-clean : Assume the array is already in-sync. This is dangerous.\n"
+" --bitmap-chunk= : chunksize of bitmap in bitmap file (Kilobytes)\n"
+" --delay= -d : seconds between bitmap updates\n"
+" --write-behind= : number of simultaneous write-behind requests to allow (requires bitmap)\n"
+" --name= -N : Textual name for array - max 32 characters\n"
"\n"
" For assemble:\n"
+" --bitmap= -b : File to find bitmap information in\n"
" --uuid= -u : uuid of array to assemble. Devices which don't\n"
" have this uuid are excluded\n"
" --super-minor= -m : minor number to look for in super-block when\n"
" choosing devices to use.\n"
+" --name= -N : Array name to look for in super-block.\n"
" --config= -c : config file\n"
" --scan -s : scan config file for missing information\n"
" --force -f : Assemble the array even if some superblocks appear out-of-date\n"
-" --update= -U : Update superblock: one of sparc2.2, super-minor or summaries\n"
+" --update= -U : Update superblock: try '-A --update=?' for list of options.\n"
+" --auto(=p) -a : Automatically allocate new (partitioned) md array if needed.\n"
+" --no-degraded : Do not start any degraded arrays - default unless --scan.\n"
"\n"
" For detail or examine:\n"
" --brief -b : Just print device name and UUID\n"
" --readonly -o : mark array as readonly\n"
" --readwrite -w : mark array as readwrite\n"
" --zero-superblock : erase the MD superblock from a device.\n"
+" --wait -W : wait for recovery/resync/reshape to finish.\n"
;
*/
" other levels.\n"
"\n"
" Options that are valid with --create (-C) are:\n"
+" --bitmap= : Create a bitmap for the array with the given filename\n"
" --chunk= -c : chunk size of kibibytes\n"
" --rounding= : rounding factor for linear array (==chunk size)\n"
" --level= -l : raid level: 0,1,4,5,6,linear,multipath and synonyms\n"
" --layout= : same as --parity\n"
" --raid-devices= -n : number of active devices in array\n"
" --spare-devices= -x: number of spares (eXtras) devices in initial array\n"
-" --size= -z : Size (in K) of each drive in RAID1/4/5/6 - optional\n"
+" --size= -z : Size (in K) of each drive in RAID1/4/5/6/10 - optional\n"
" --force -f : Honour devices as listed on command line. Don't\n"
" : insert a missing drive for RAID5.\n"
" --run -R : insist of running the array even if not all\n"
" : devices are present or some look odd.\n"
" --readonly -o : start the array readonly - not supported yet.\n"
+" --name= -N : Textual name for array - max 32 characters\n"
+" --bitmap-chunk= : bitmap chunksize in Kilobytes.\n"
+" --delay= -d : bitmap update delay in seconds.\n"
"\n"
;
" The level may only be 0, raid0, or linear.\n"
" All devices must be listed and the array will be started once complete.\n"
" Options that are valid with --build (-B) are:\n"
+" --bitmap= : file to store/find bitmap information in.\n"
" --chunk= -c : chunk size of kibibytes\n"
" --rounding= : rounding factor for linear array (==chunk size)\n"
" --level= -l : 0, raid0, or linear\n"
-" --raid-devices= -n : number of active devices in array\n"
+" --raid-devices= -n : number of active devices in array\n"
+" --bitmap-chunk= : bitmap chunksize in Kilobytes.\n"
+" --delay= -d : bitmap update delay in seconds.\n"
;
char Help_assemble[] =
" Those devices are md devices that are to be assembled. Their identity\n"
" and components are determined from the config file.\n"
"\n"
+" If mdadm can not find all of the components for an array, it will assemble\n"
+" it but not activate it unless --run or --scan is given. To preserve this\n"
+" behaviour even with --scan, add --no-degraded. Note that \"all of the\n"
+" components\" means as many as were present the last time the array was running\n"
+" as recorded in the superblock. If the array was already degraded, and\n"
+" the missing device is not a new problem, it will still be assembled. It\n"
+" is only newly missing devices that cause the array not to be started.\n"
+"\n"
"Options that are valid with --assemble (-A) are:\n"
+" --bitmap= : bitmap file to use wit the array\n"
" --uuid= -u : uuid of array to assemble. Devices which don't\n"
" have this uuid are excluded\n"
" --super-minor= -m : minor number to look for in super-block when\n"
" choosing devices to use.\n"
+" --name= -N : Array name to look for in super-block.\n"
" --config= -c : config file\n"
" --scan -s : scan config file for missing information\n"
" --run -R : Try to start the array even if not enough devices\n"
" for a full array are present\n"
" --force -f : Assemble the array even if some superblocks appear\n"
" : out-of-date. This involves modifying the superblocks.\n"
-" --update= -U : Update superblock: one of sparc2.2, super-minor or summaries\n"
+" --update= -U : Update superblock: try '-A --update=?' for option list.\n"
+" --no-degraded : Assemble but do not start degraded arrays.\n"
;
char Help_manage[] =
" device relates to the md driver\n"
" --detail -D : Display details of an array\n"
" --examine -E : Examine superblock on an array component\n"
+" --examine-bitmap -X: Display contents of a bitmap file\n"
" --zero-superblock : erase the MD superblock from a device.\n"
" --run -R : start a partially built array\n"
" --stop -S : deactivate array, releasing all resources\n"
" --readonly -o : mark array as readonly\n"
" --readwrite -w : mark array as readwrite\n"
" --test -t : exit status 0 if ok, 1 if degrade, 2 if dead, 4 if missing\n"
+" --wait -W : wait for resync/rebuild/recovery to finish\n"
;
char Help_monitor[] =
"If no mail address or program are specified, then mdadm reports all\n"
"state changes to stdout.\n"
"\n"
-"Options that are valid with the monitor (--F --follow) mode are:\n"
+"Options that are valid with the monitor (-F --follow) mode are:\n"
" --mail= -m : Address to mail alerts of failure to\n"
" --program= -p : Program to run when an event is detected\n"
" --alert= : same as --program\n"
" --config= -c : specify a different config file\n"
" --scan -s : find mail-address/program in config file\n"
" --daemonise -f : Fork and continue in child, parent exits\n"
+" --pid-file= -i : In daemon mode write pid to specified file instead of stdout\n"
" --oneshot -1 : Check for degraded arrays, then exit\n"
" --test -t : Generate a TestMessage event against each array at startup\n"
;
+char Help_grow[] =
+"Usage: mdadm --grow device options\n"
+"\n"
+"This usage causes mdadm to attempt to reconfigure a running array.\n"
+"This is only possibly if the kernel being used supports a particular\n"
+"reconfiguration. This version supports changing the number of\n"
+"devices in a RAID1/5/6, changing the active size of all devices in\n"
+"a RAID1/4/5/6, adding or removing a write-intent bitmap, and changing\n"
+"the error mode for a 'FAULTY' array.\n"
+"\n"
+"Options that are valid with the grow (-G --grow) mode are:\n"
+" --level= -l : Tell mdadm what level the array is so that it can\n"
+" : interpret '--layout' properly.\n"
+" --layout= -p : For a FAULTY array, set/change the error mode.\n"
+" --size= -z : Change the active size of devices in an array.\n"
+" : This is useful if all devices have been replaced\n"
+" : with larger devices.\n"
+" --raid-disks= -n : Change the number of active devices in an array.\n"
+" : array.\n"
+" --bitmap= -b : Add or remove a write-intent bitmap.\n"
+;
-
+char Help_incr[] =
+"Usage: mdadm --incremental [-Rqrs] device\n"
+"\n"
+"This usage allows for incremental assembly of md arrays. Devices can be\n"
+"added one at a time as they are discovered. Once an array has all expected\n"
+"devices, it will be started.\n"
+"\n"
+"Options that are valid with incremental assembly (-I --incremental) more are:\n"
+" --run -R : run arrays as soon as a minimal number of devices are\n"
+" : present rather than waiting for all expected.\n"
+" --quiet -q : Don't print any information messages, just errors.\n"
+" --rebuild -r : Rebuild the 'map' file that mdadm uses for tracking\n"
+" : partial arrays.\n"
+" --scan -s : Use with -R to start any arrays that have the minimal\n"
+" : required number of devices, but are not yet started.\n"
+;
char Help_config[] =
"The /etc/mdadm.conf config file:\n\n"
};
mapping_t pers[] = {
- { "linear", -1},
+ { "linear", LEVEL_LINEAR},
{ "raid0", 0},
{ "0", 0},
{ "stripe", 0},
{ "4", 4},
{ "raid5", 5},
{ "5", 5},
- { "multipath", -4},
- { "mp", -4},
+ { "multipath", LEVEL_MULTIPATH},
+ { "mp", LEVEL_MULTIPATH},
{ "raid6", 6},
{ "6", 6},
+ { "raid10", 10},
+ { "10", 10},
+ { "faulty", LEVEL_FAULTY},
+ { "container", LEVEL_CONTAINER},
{ NULL, 0}
};
{ "manage", MANAGE},
{ "misc", MISC},
{ "monitor", MONITOR},
+ { "grow", GROW},
+ { "incremental", INCREMENTAL},
+ { "auto-detect", AUTODETECT},
+};
+
+mapping_t faultylayout[] = {
+ { "write-transient", WriteTransient },
+ { "wt", WriteTransient },
+ { "read-transient", ReadTransient },
+ { "rt", ReadTransient },
+ { "write-persistent", WritePersistent },
+ { "wp", WritePersistent },
+ { "read-persistent", ReadPersistent },
+ { "rp", ReadPersistent },
+ { "write-all", WriteAll },
+ { "wa", WriteAll },
+ { "read-fixable", ReadFixable },
+ { "rf", ReadFixable },
+
+ { "clear", ClearErrors},
+ { "flush", ClearFaults},
+ { "none", ClearErrors},
+ { "default", ClearErrors},
+ { NULL, 0}
};
projects / thirdparty / mdadm.git / blobdiff