-util-linux 2.5
-
-WARNING: THE PROGRAMS IN THIS SUITE DO *NOT* SUPPORT SHADOW PASSWORD FILES!
-
-WARNING: THIS COLLECTION DOES *NOT* SUPPORT SYSTEM V INITTAB.
-
-WARNING: USE GNU TAR -- OTHER TARS WILL FAIL SILENTLY!
-
-WARNING: DO *NOT* INSTALL WITHOUT THINKING.
-
-WARNING: The agetty, simpleinit, login, passwd, and other programs in this
- package are *NOT* System V compliant. These utilities are meant
- to be used by people who build their own systems. If you are not
- a wizard, do *NOT* blindly install these utilities: they could
- prevent you from logging into your system. Have a boot floppy
- ready, especially if you don't know what you are doing.
-
-
-
-To install from source:
-
-1) Get source distribution (see the .lsm file for locations)
-2) Untar util-linux-2.5.tar.gz in /usr/src
-3) cd util-linux-2.5
-4) Edit MCONFIG
-5) make
-
- Note that libc 4.5.26 headers need a small patch to be used with
- recent kernels. See the file uio.h-diff for the patch, if necessary.
-
-6) make install
-7) If you want to use simpleinit and agetty, then make softlinks from
- /sbin/init to simpleinit and from /sbin/getty to agetty, but make sure
- that your /etc/inittab is set up right (this is *NOT* the System V
- compatible init!), or you will be hosed. If you are using the SysV
- init and/or some other getty, they you can keep using those.
-8) Remove all the old binaries from previous locations.
-9) See the HIGHLIGHTS below for links you need to make for the new FSSTND
- compliance.
-
-
-HIGHLIGHTS for version 2.5:
-0) Nicolai Langfeldt is taking over maintenance of util-linux, with the
- help of a few others (Michael K. Johnson, Andries Brouwer, and Rik
- Faith).
-
- PLEASE SEND PATCHES AND UPDATES TO: util-linux@math.uio.no
-
-1) The following packages have been removed. Please use the up-to-date,
- canonical versions of these packages from the listed places:
-
- timezone support (/usr/lib/zoneinfo, libz.a, zic, zdump):
- elsie.nci.nih.gov:/pub/tzcode95d.tar.gz
- elsie.nci.nih.gov:/pub/tzdata95h.tar.gz
- MAKEDEV-C:
- sunsite.unc.edu:/pub/Linux/system/Admin/MAKEDEV-C-1.5.tar.gz
- MAKEDEV:
- sunsite.unc.edu:/pub/Linux/system/Admin/MAKEDEV-2.2.tar.gz
- md5sum:
- prep.ai.mit.edu:/pub/gnu/textutils-1.3.tar.gz
- [The GNU version is now compatible with the Plumb/Lankester
- version.]
- ksymoops:
- Now bundled with the kernel in linux/scripts.
-
-2) update_state has been removed
-3) fdisk now supports NetBSD disklabels courtesy of Bernhard Fastenrath
- <fasten@athene.informatik.uni-bonn.de> (and > 8GB disks, courtesy of
- Andries Brouwer)
-4) mount improved -- many patches from Andries Brouwer for greatly improved
- error reporting
-5) ddate, chkdupexe, and other programs have been improved and bug fixed
-6) util-linux is now a source-only distribution
-7) mcookie generates better random numbers and will use /dev/random or
- /dev/audio if available
-8) chfn, chsh, passwd, and vipw have been updated with security patches
- from Zefram <A.Main@dcs.warwick.ac.uk>. Now, they all use the same
- locking, and several security holes have been patched. Further, chsh
- and chfn can be configured at compile time to require a password before
- updates and chsh can be configured to only use shells from /etc/shells.
-
-
-HIGHLIGHTS for version 2.4 (2.3 was never released):
-0) Michael K. Johnson <johnsonm@nigel.vnet.net> is the interim maintainer
- while Rik Faith is working on PhD work.
-1) login now makes the login tty mode 600 and places it in group "tty"
-2) wall, and write will not write dangerous escape sequences
-3) wall and write can be run setgid "tty". If util-linux is compiled for
- this option, "mesg y" will only set group write instead of group/other
- write.
-4) fdisk and cfdisk have been patched with the latest llseek.c. Although I
- had a lot of bug reports about fdisk from util-linux-2.2, I was unable
- to reproduce any of the problems. Some of the problems appeared to be
- releated to a failure to reboot the machine after changing the partition
- table, and some may have been due to a specific kernel revision problem.
- However, this doesn't seem to account for all of the bug reports -- if
- this version gives you problem, please send as complete a bug report as
- possible.
-5) chkdupexe from Nicolai Langfeldt (janl@ifi.uio.no)
-6) ctrlaltdel now installs into /sbin instead of /usr/sbin
-7) mkfs replacement from Ron Sommeling (sommel@sci.kun.nl)
-8) lpcntl removed. Use tunelp instead.
-9) ksymoops from Greg McGary <gkm@magilla.cichlid.com>
-10) mkfs.minix now clears the first 512 bytes of the file system so that
- Minix disks won't be confused with MSDOS disks (Daniel Quinlan
- (quinlan@yggdrasil.com))
-11) mkswap should now work on an Alpha running Linux
-12) frag removed. See
- sunsite.unc.edu:/pub/Linux/system/Filesystems/defrag-0.6.tar.gz for the
- latest version.
-13) mount patches from Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl and Dan Quinlan
- (quinlan@yggdrasil.com).
-14) MAKEDEV and MAKEDEV-C updated to the latest versions.
-15) Paths updated for FSSTND 1.2. This means that you may need to make
- some links. The links you need to make we system dependent. The
- ultimate goal is to rename /var/adm to /var/log and have a symbolic
- link from /var/adm to /var/log during the transition period. If you
- are running an ELF system, you probably won't have to do anything. The
- bottom line is that the following files must exist or be pointers to
- the old version (used internally by the a.out libraries):
-
- New Old
-
- /var/log/wtmp /var/adm/wtmp
- /var/log/lastlog /var/adm/lastlog
- /var/run/utmp /var/adm/utmp
-
-HIGHLIGHTS for version 2.2:
-1) This is primarily a quick bug-fix release for version 2.1
-2) mkfs wrapper added back in, since e2fsprogs only supplies an fsck wrapper
-3) selection removed, since someone appears to be maintaining it now. See
- sunsite.unc.edu:/pub/linux/kernel/patches/console for recent sources.
- For the time being, I'm keeping a copy in the historic subdirectory of
- util-linux. A "make install" should work find from within that
- directory.
-4) Note that other floppy utilities are available from:
- ftp.imag.fr:pub/Linux/ZLIBC/fdutils/fdutils-4.1.src.tar.gz
- sunsite.unc.edu:/pub/Linux/system/Misc/fdutils-4.1.src.tar.gz
- tsx-11.mit.edu:/pub/linux/sources/sbin/fdutils-4.1.src.tar.gz
-
-
-HIGHLIGHTS for version 2.1:
-
-1) Directory structure rearrange, with configuration support for those who
- use shadow passwords and System V init (no support is provided for these
- things, but your utilities won't get overwritten if you do a "make
- install" after you properly edit MCONFIG).
-2) fdisk and cfdisk should work as expected with 2GB+ disk drives
-3) As usual, lots of stuff was updated and added, including mount, vipw,
- readprofile
-4) Some stuff was also deleted, and can now be found elsewhere:
- fsck wrapper: tsx-11.mit.edu:/pub/linux/ALPHA/ext2fs/e2fsprogs*
- pwd, su: prep.ai.mit.edu:/pub/gnu/sh-utils*
- ed: prep.ai.mit.edu:/pub/gnu/ed*
- od: prep.ai.mit.edu:/pub/gnu/textutils*
- uudecode/uuencode: prep.ai.mit.edu:/pub/gnu/sharutils*
- bdflush/update: ftp.funet.fi:/pub/OS/Linux/PEOPLE/Linus/v1.1/bdflush*
-
-
-
-PARTIAL HISTORY OF UTIL-LINUX:
-
-bsd:
- Nothing in this directory gets installed, but some BSD programs need
- this support:
- err.c: 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
- err.h: 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/2/93
- getopt.c: 4.13 (Berkeley) 2/23/91
- pathnames.h: 5.3 (Berkeley) 5/9/89 with extensive modifications for
- Linux
-
-disk-utils:
- cfdisk: 0.8 BETA (>2GB) from Kevin E. Martin (martin@cs.unc.edu) with
- modifications for disks > 2GB.
- ftp.cs.unc.edu:/pub/users/martin/linux/cfdisk-0.8.tar.gz
- fdformat: Werner Almesberger (almesber@nessie.cs.id.ethz.ch), with
- modifications by Marcel Mol (marcel@dutecad.et.tudelft.nl)).
- Later, updated with a September 1992 version by Werner.
- fdisk: A. V. Le Blanc (LeBlanc@mcc.ac.uk) fdisk 1.5 release, with
- patched from Kevin Martin for DOS and OS/2 compatibility (1.5a);
- Rik Faith (1.5b, 2.0).
- fsck.minix, mkfs.minix: Linus Torvalds, with modifications by: Rik
- Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu), Scott Heavner
- (sdh@po.cwru.edu), Dr. Wettstein
- (greg%wind.uucp@plains.nodak.edu), Daniel
- Quinlan (quinlan@yggdrasil.com).
- mkfs: David Engel (david@ods.com) and Fred N. van Kempen
- (waltje@uWalt.NL.Mugnet.ORG)
- Version 1.9 from Ron Sommeling (sommel@sci.kun.nl)
- mkswap: Linus Torvalds, with modifications by Mike Jagdis
- (jaggy@purplet.demon.co.uk. )
- Version for Alpha from
- cage.cs.arizona.edu:/pub/davidm/linux/mkswap-axp-950503.tar.gz
- setfdprm: Werner Almesberger (almesber@nessie.cs.id.ethz.ch)
- Note that more floppy utilities are available from:
- ftp.imag.fr:pub/Linux/ZLIBC/fdutils/fdutils-4.1.src.tar.gz
- sunsite.unc.edu:/pub/Linux/system/Misc/fdutils-4.1.src.tar.gz
- tsx-11.mit.edu:/pub/linux/sources/sbin/fdutils-4.1.src.tar.gz
- llseek.c: from Remy Card's e2fsprogs-0.5b.tar.gz (21Mar95 version) from:
- sunsite.unc.edu:/pub/Linux/system/Filesystems/ext2
-
-games:
- banner: (8.3 (Berkeley) 4/2/94)
- ftp.cdrom.com:/pub/bsd-sources/4.4BSD-Lite/usr/src/usr.bin
-
-login-utils:
- agetty: W. Z. Venema, ported by Peter Orbaek <poe@daimi.aau.dk>.
- ftp.daimi.aau.dk:/pub/linux/poe/poeigl-1.37.tar.gz
- chfn: Salvatore Valente <svalente@athena.mit.edu>
- chsh: Salvatore Valente <svalente@athena.mit.edu>
- last: 5.11 w/year (Berkeley) 6/29/88; Port by Michael Haardt with
- changes by Peter Orbaek.
- ftp://ftp.daimi.aau.dk/pub/linux/poe/admutil-1.16.tar.gz
- login: 5.40 (Berkeley) 5/9/89; with ports by Michael Glad and Peter Orbaek
- ftp.daimi.aau.dk:/pub/linux/poe/poeigl-1.37.tar.gz
- mesg: 8.2 (Berkeley) 1/21/94
- ftp.cdrom.com:/pub/bsd-sources/4.4BSD-Lite/usr/src/usr.bin
- newgrp: Michael Haardt, with modifications by Peter Orbaek.
- ftp://ftp.daimi.aau.dk/pub/linux/poe/admutil-1.16.tar.gz
- passwd: Peter Orbaek, with yp modifications by Alvaro Martinez
- Echevarria (alvaro@enano.etsit.upm.es)
- ftp://ftp.daimi.aau.dk/pub/linux/poe/admutil-1.16.tar.gz
- shutdown: Peter Orbaek, with new modifications by Stephen Tweedie, Rik
- Faith, and Dave (gentzel@nova.enet.dec.com).
- ftp://ftp.daimi.aau.dk/pub/linux/poe/admutil-1.16.tar.gz
- simpleinit: Peter Orbaek
- ftp.daimi.aau.dk:/pub/linux/poe/poeigl-1.37.tar.gz
- vipw: 5.16 (Berkeley) 3/3/91, with modifications by Mike Grupenhoff
- <kashmir@umiacs.UMD.EDU>
- wall: 8.2 (Berkeley) 11/16/93 (With changes so that damaging escape
- sequences cannot be sent.
- ftp.cdrom.com:/pub/bsd-sources/4.4BSD-Lite/usr/src/usr.bin
-
-
-misc-utils:
- cal: 8.4 (Berkeley) 4/2/94, with modifications by Rik Faith and
- Hein@student.tu-clausthal.de (Jochen Hein).
- ftp.cdrom.com:/pub/bsd-sources/4.4BSD-Lite/usr/src/usr.bin
- chkdupexe: Version 1.2 from "Nicolai Langfeldt" <janl@ifi.uio.no>
- clear: Rik Faith
- ddate: Druel the Chaotic aka Jeremy Johnson aka mpython@gnu.ai.mit.edu,
- with modifications by Lee Harvey Oswald Smith, K.S.C. and
- substantial updates from Rev. Bro. Lee H:. O:. Smith, KYTP
- domainname: Peter Orbaek
- ftp.daimi.aau.dk:/pub/linux/poe/poeigl-1.37.tar.gz
- dsplit: David Arnstein (arnstein@netcom.com)
- gatekeeper.dec.com:/pub/usenet/comp.sources.misc/volume40/dsplit
- getopt (getoptprog): jhunix.hcf.jhu.edu:
- /pub/public_domain_software/NetBSD/usr/src/usr.bin/getopt
- hostid: Mitch DSouza (m.dsouza@mrc-apu.cam.ac.uk)
- ftp.daimi.aau.dk:/pub/linux/poe/poeigl-1.37.tar.gz
- hostname/dnsdomainname: Peter Tobias <tobias@server.et-inf.fho-emden.de>
- This version (1.6) should also be available soon in:
- nic.funet.fi:/pub/OS/Linux/PEOPLE/Linus/net-source/base/NetKit-A*
- kill: BSD version, modified by Salvatore Valente <svalente@mit.edu>
- logger: 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93, with modifications by Rik Faith
- ftp.cdrom.com:/pub/bsd-sources/4.4BSD-Lite/usr/src/usr.bin
- look.c: 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/14/93, with modifications by Rik Faith
- ftp.cdrom.com:/pub/bsd-sources/4.4BSD-Lite/usr/src/usr.bin
- mcookie: Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu)
- md5sum: Branki Lankester and Colin Plumb. The MD5 message-digest
- algorithm is in the Public Domain. This implementation
- calculates message-digest information only, and can NOT be used
- for encryption. Therefore it is exportable from the USA.
- Original sources in the MIT version of PGP 2.6.2.
- namei: Roger S. Southwick, with modifications by Steve Tell.
- reset: Rik Faith
- script: 5.13 (Berkeley) 3/5/91, with modifications by Rick Sladkey
- (jrs@world.std.com), Harald Koenig
- (koenig@nova.tat.physik.uni-tuebingen.de).
- setterm: Gordon Irlam (gordoni@cs.ua.oz.au), with modifications by
- Peter MacDonald, Mika Liljeberg (liljeber@cs.Helsinki.FI),
- John Walder (j-walder@uiuc.edu) [for dosemu].
- tsort: 5.3 (Berkeley) 6/1/90
- wuarchive.wustl.edu:/mirrors/4.3-reno
- whereis: 5.5 (Berkeley) 4/18/91
- wuarchive.wustl.edu:/mirrors/4.3-reno
- write: 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93, with modifications by Mike Grupenhoff
- (kashmir@umiacs.umd.edu). With changes so that damaging escape
- sequences cannot be sent.
- ftp.cdrom.com:/pub/bsd-sources/4.4BSD-Lite/usr/src/usr.bin
-
-
-mount:
- mount, umount, swapon
-
- Rick Sladkey put together the mount-0.99.6.tar.Z package, and Stephen
- Tweedie provided updates. The utilities were originally from that
- package (all appear to be by Doug Quale (quale@saavik.cs.wisc.edu),
- with modifications by H. J. Lu (hlu@eecs.wsu.edu) on 11/25/92; Rick
- Sladkey (jrs@world.std.com) in January 1993; and Stephen Tweedie
- <sct@dcs.ed.ac.uk> on 8 October 1993. This distribution mount now
- supports NFS stuff. I have modified the man pages. I have also added
- a small patch from Hamish Glen Coleman (t933093@minyos.xx.rmit.OZ.AU)
- which restores the -o semantics.
-
- Updated with Rick Sladkey's mount-0.99.14.tar.gz package, and with
- extra patches from Rick. Adam J. Richter allowed -t option to be
- optional. Patrick J. Volkerding (volkerdi@mhd1.moorhead.msus.edu) and
- Mitchum DSouza both provided patches that fixed the (null) problem when
- not using -t. Mitchum DSouza
- (mitch@mrc-applied-psychology.cambridge.ac.uk) added support for loop
- device mounts. Sebastian Lederer
- (lederer@next-pc.informatik.uni-bonn.de) added support for sending an
- unmount RPC call to the server when an NFS-filesystem is unmounted.
- Sander van Malssen (svm@kozmix.hacktic.nl) added support for remounting
- readonly file systems readonly. Mike Grupenhoff
- <kashmir@umiacs.UMD.EDU> added a probe of the superblock for the type
- before /proc/filesystems is checked. Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl fixed up
- error reporting.
-
- Updated with patches from Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl and Dan Quinlan
- (quinlan@yggdrasil.com). And more patches from Andries and others.
-
-historic/selection: The complete selection-1.5 package, by Andrew Haylett
- <ajh@gec-mrc.co.uk>, 17th June 1993, is included in the historic tree.
- Kernel patches are no longer necessary for modern kernels, but these
- were tiny so I left them in for historical reasons. The Makefile was
- modified for this distribution. With changes from Rick Sladkey.
-
-sys-utils:
- arch: Rik Faith <faith@cs.unc.edu>
- chroot: Rick Sladkey <jrs@world.std.com>
- clock: Originally from the timesrc-1.2.tar.Z package, Charles Hedrick,
- hedrick@cs.rutgers.edu (V1.0); Rob Hooft, hooft@chem.ruu.nl
- (V1.1); Harald Koenig (koenig@nova.tat.physik.uni-tuebingen.de)
- (V1.2). With additional changes: Hamish Coleman
- (hamish@zot.apana.org.au) (V1.2a); Alan Modra
- (alan@spri.levels.unisa.edu.au (V1.3, V1.4).
- ctrlaltdel: Peter Orbaek <poe@daimi.aau.dk>
- ftp://ftp.daimi.aau.dk/pub/linux/poe/admutil-1.16.tar.gz
- cytune: Nick Simicish (njs@scifi.emi.net) and Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu)
- dmesg: Theodore Ts'o (tytso@athena.mit.edu); Rick Sladkey
- (jrs@world.std.com)
- ipcrm: From the ipcdelta.tar.z distribution by krishna
- balasub@cis.ohio-state.edu on 3/15/93. ipc.info and ipc.texi
- are also from that distribution.
- ipcs: Also from the ipcdelta.tar.z distribution by krishna
- balasub@cis.ohio-state.edu, with patches from Mike Jagdis
- (jaggy@purplet.demon.co.uk)
- kbdrate: Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu), with patches from
- Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl and John Bowman
- (bowman@hagar.ph.utexas.edu)
- ksymoops: 1.7 from Greg McGary <gkm@magilla.cichlid.com>
- rdev: almesber@nessie.cs.id.ethz.ch (Werner Almesberger), with
- modifications from Peter MacDonald, Stephen Tweedie
- (sct@dcs.ed.ac.uk), and Dave (gentzel@nova.enet.dec.com)
- readprofile: Alessandro Rubini
- renice: 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/9/93
- ftp.cdrom.com:/pub/bsd-sources/4.4BSD-Lite/usr/src/usr.bin
- setserial: Michael K. Johnson (johnsonm@stolaf.edu) re-released Rick
- Sladkey's setserial in January 1993, with changes by
- Theodore Ts'o (tytso@mit.edu). I think that Theodore also
- did extensive changes for version 2.01, I can't find any
- notes about this in the documentation. However, Theodore
- Ts'o (tytso@ATHENA.MIT.EDU) released version 2.10, and that
- is now included.
- setsid: Rick Sladkey <jrs@world.std.com>
- sln: Mike Parker and David MacKenzie (from Linux's libc)
- sync: Nick Holloway, with thanks to James Bonfield
- tunelp: Michael K. Johnson (johnsonm@nigel.vnet.net)
-
-
-syslogd:
- 5.45 (Berkeley) 3/2/91
-
- Most of the changes for syslogd come from Rick Sladkey
- (jrs@world.std.com), but I'd like to thank other people who sent in
- changes (which usually got forwarded to Rick): Carsten Paeth
- (calle@calle.in-berlin.de) and Kaz Sasayama (kaz@lilia.iijnet.or.jp).
-
-text-utils:
- col: 5.3 (Berkeley) 2/2/91; with patches from Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl
- and Carl Christofferson (cchris@connected.com)
- wuarchive.wustl.edu:/mirrors/4.3-reno/{bin,usr.bin}
- colcrt: 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93 (Bill Joy)
- ftp.cdrom.com:/pub/bsd-sources/4.4BSD-Lite/usr/src/usr.bin
- colrm: 5.4 (Berkeley) 6/1/90 (Jeff Schriebman)
- column: 8.3 (Berkeley) 4/2/94
- ftp.cdrom.com:/pub/bsd-sources/4.4BSD-Lite/usr/src/usr.bin
- hexdump: 5.5 (Berkeley) 6/1/90
- wuarchive.wustl.edu:/mirrors/4.3-reno/{bin,usr.bin}
- more: 5.19 (Berkeley) 6/29/88 (Eric Shienbrood, Geoff Peck, John Foderaro)
- rev: 5.2 (Berkeley) 3/21/92; with modifications by Charles Hannum
- (mycroft@gnu.ai.mit.edu), Brian Koehmstedt (bpk@gnu.ai.mit.edu),
- bjdouma@xs4all.nl
- wuarchive.wustl.edu:/mirrors/4.3-reno/{bin,usr.bin}
- strings: 5.10 (Berkeley) 5/23/91; with patches from Vitor Duarte
- <vad@fct.unl.pt>
- wuarchive.wustl.edu:/mirrors/4.3-reno/{bin,usr.bin}
- ul: 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
- ftp.cdrom.com:/pub/bsd-sources/4.4BSD-Lite/usr/src/usr.bin
+
+ util-linux
+
+ util-linux is a random collection of Linux utilities
+
+ Note: for the years 2006-2010 this project was named "util-linux-ng".
+
+MAILING LIST:
+
+ E-MAIL: util-linux@vger.kernel.org
+ URL: http://vger.kernel.org/vger-lists.html#util-linux
+ ARCHIVE: https://lore.kernel.org/util-linux/
+
+ The mailing list will reject email messages that contain:
+ - more than 100K characters
+ - html
+ - spam phrases/keywords
+ See: http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html#taboo
+
+IRC CHANNEL:
+
+ #util-linux at freenode.net:
+
+ irc://chat.freenode.net/util-linux
+
+ The IRC channel and Mailing list are for developers and project
+ maintainers. For end users it is recommended to utilize the
+ distribution's support system.
+
+BUG REPORTING:
+
+ E-MAIL: util-linux@vger.kernel.org
+ Web: https://github.com/karelzak/util-linux/issues
+
+ This project has no resources to provide support for distribution specific
+ issues. For end users it is recommended to utilize the distribution's
+ support system.
+
+NLS (PO TRANSLATIONS):
+
+ PO files are maintained by:
+ http://translationproject.org/domain/util-linux.html
+
+VERSION SCHEMA:
+
+ Standard releases:
+ <major>.<minor>[.<maint>]
+ major = fatal and deep changes
+ minor = typical release with new features
+ maint = maintenance releases; bug fixes only
+
+ Development releases:
+ <major>.<minor>-rc<N>
+
+SOURCE CODE:
+
+ Download archive:
+ https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/
+
+ SCM (Source Code Management) Repository:
+
+ Primary repository:
+ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/utils/util-linux/util-linux.git
+
+ Backup repository:
+ git clone git://github.com/karelzak/util-linux.git
+
+ Web interfaces:
+ http://git.kernel.org/cgit/utils/util-linux/util-linux.git
+ https://github.com/karelzak/util-linux
+
+ Note: the GitHub repository may contain temporary development branches too.
+
+ The kernel.org repository contains master (current development) and stable/*
+ (maintenance) branches only. All master or stable/* changes are always pushed
+ to both repositories at the same time.
+
+ Repository Branches: 'git branch -a'
+ master branch
+ - current development
+ - the source for stable releases when deemed ready.
+ - day-to-day status is: 'it works for me'. This means that its
+ normal state is useful but not well tested.
+ - long-term development or invasive changes in active development are
+ forked into separate 'topic' branches from the tip of 'master'.
+
+ stable/ branches
+ - public releases
+ - branch name: stable/v<major>.<minor>.
+ - created from the 'master' branch after two or more release
+ candidates and the final public release. This means that the stable
+ releases are committed, tagged, and reachable in 'master'.
+ - these branches then become forked development branches. This means
+ that any changes made to them diverge from the 'master' branch.
+ - maintenance releases are part of, and belong to, their respective
+ stable branch. As such, they are tags(<major>.<minor>.<maint>) and
+ not branches of their own. They are not part of, visible in, or
+ have anything to do with the 'master' development branch. In git
+ terminology: maintenance releases are not reachable from 'master'.
+ - when initially cloned (as with the 'git clone' command given above)
+ these branches are created as 'remote tracking branches' and are
+ only visible by using the -a or -r options to 'git branch'. To
+ create a local branch use the desired tag with this command:
+ 'git checkout -b v2.29.2 v2.29.2'
+
+ Tags: 'git tag'
+ - a new tag object is created for every release.
+ - tag name: v<version>.
+ - all tags are signed by the maintainer's PGP key.
+
+ Known Bugs:
+ - don't use tag v2.13.1 (created and published by mistake),
+ use v2.13.1-REAL instead.
+
+WORKFLOW EXAMPLE:
+
+ 1) development (branch: <master>)
+
+ 2) master release (tags: v2.29-rc1, v2.29-rc2, v2.29, branch: <master>)
+
+ 3) development (work on v2.30, branch: <master>)
+
+ 4) fork -- create a new branch <stable/v2.29> based on tag v2.29
+
+ 4a) new patches or cherry-pick patches from <master> (branch: <stable/v2.29>)
+
+ 4b) stable release (tag: v2.29.1, branch: <stable/v2.29>)
+
+ 4c) more patches; another release (tag: v2.29.2, branch: <stable/v2.29>)
+
+ 5) master release v2.30 (branch: <master>)
+ ...
+
+where 3) and 4) happen simultaneously.
projects / thirdparty / util-linux.git / blobdiff