-.\" -*- nroff -*-
.\" Copyright 1993, 1994, 1995 by Theodore Ts'o. All Rights Reserved.
.\" This file may be copied under the terms of the GNU Public License.
.\"
fsck \- check and repair a Linux filesystem
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B fsck
-.RB [ \-lrsAVRTMNP ]
+.RB [ \-lsAVRTMNP ]
+.RB [ \-r
+.RI [ fd ]]
.RB [ \-C
.RI [ fd ]]
.RB [ \-t
.IR /dev/hdc1 ", " /dev/sdb2 ),
a mount point (e.g.
.IR / ", " /usr ", " /home ),
-or an ext2 label or UUID specifier (e.g.
+or an filesystem label or UUID specifier (e.g.
UUID=8868abf6-88c5-4a83-98b8-bfc24057f7bd or LABEL=root).
Normally, the
.B fsck
option is not specified,
.B fsck
will default to checking filesystems in
-.B /etc/fstab
+.I /etc/fstab
serially. This is equivalent to the
.B \-As
options.
.B fsck
is simply a front-end for the various filesystem checkers
(\fBfsck\fR.\fIfstype\fR) available under Linux. The
-filesystem-specific checker is searched for in
-.I /sbin
-first, then in
-.I /etc/fs
-and
-.IR /etc ,
-and finally in the directories listed in the PATH environment
-variable. Please see the filesystem-specific checker manual pages for
+filesystem-specific checker is searched for in the
+PATH environment variable. If the PATH is undefined then
+fallback to "/sbin".
+.PP
+Please see the filesystem-specific checker manual pages for
further details.
.SH OPTIONS
.TP
.B \-l
-Lock the whole-disk device by an exclusive
-.BR flock (2).
+Create an exclusive
+.BR flock (2)
+lock file (/run/fsck/<diskname>.lock) for whole-disk device.
This option can be used with one device only (this means that \fB\-A\fR and
\fB\-l\fR are mutually exclusive). This option is recommended when more
.BR fsck (8)
devices when executed to check stacked devices (e.g.\& MD or DM) \(en this feature is
not implemented yet.
.TP
-.B \-r
+.BR \-r \ [ \fIfd\fR ]
Report certain statistics for each fsck when it completes. These statistics
include the exit status, the maximum run set size (in kilobytes), the elapsed
all-clock time and the user and system CPU time used by the fsck run. For
example:
/dev/sda1: status 0, rss 92828, real 4.002804, user 2.677592, sys 0.86186
+
+GUI front-ends may specify a file descriptor
+.IR fd ,
+in which case the progress bar information will be sent to that file descriptor
+in a machine parsable format. For example:
+
+/dev/sda1 0 92828 4.002804 2.677592 0.86186
.TP
.B \-s
Serialize
If an options specifier is present, then only filesystems which contain
.I fs-option
in their mount options field of
-.B /etc/fstab
+.I /etc/fstab
will be checked. If the options specifier is prefixed by a negation
operator, then only
those filesystems that do not have
.I fs-option
in their mount options field of
-.B /etc/fstab
+.I /etc/fstab
will be checked.
.sp
For example, if
appears in
.IR fslist ,
then only filesystems listed in
-.B /etc/fstab
+.I /etc/fstab
with the
.B ro
option will be checked.
in the
.I /etc/fstab
file and using the corresponding entry.
-If the type can not be deduced, and there is only a single filesystem
+If the type cannot be deduced, and there is only a single filesystem
given as an argument to the
.B \-t
option,
.B fsck
does not check stacked devices (RAIDs, dm-crypt, \&...\&) in parallel with any other
device. See below for FSCK_FORCE_ALL_PARALLEL setting. The /sys filesystem is
-used to detemine dependencies between devices.
+used to determine dependencies between devices.
.sp
Hence, a very common configuration in
.I /etc/fstab
calling a filesystem specific checker. Therefore non-existing
devices may cause the system to enter filesystem repair mode during
boot if the filesystem specific checker returns a fatal error. The
-.B /etc/fstab
+.I /etc/fstab
mount option
.B nofail
may be used to have
Produce verbose output, including all filesystem-specific commands
that are executed.
.TP
-.B fs-specific-options
-Options which are not understood by
-.B fsck
-are passed to the filesystem-specific checker. These options
+\fB\-?\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
+Display help text and exit.
+.TP
+\fB\-\-version\fR
+Display version information and exit.
+.SH FILESYSTEM SPECIFIC OPTIONS
+.B Options which are not understood by fsck are passed to the filesystem-specific checker!
+.PP
+These options
.B must
not take arguments, as there is no
way for
.B fsck
to be able to properly guess which options take arguments and which
don't.
-.IP
+.PP
Options and arguments which follow the
.B \-\-
are treated as filesystem-specific options to be passed to the
filesystem-specific checker.
-.IP
+.PP
Please note that \fBfsck\fR is not
designed to pass arbitrarily complicated options to filesystem-specific
checkers. If you're doing something complicated, please just
You're almost certainly doing something that you shouldn't be doing
with
.BR fsck .
-.PP
Options to different filesystem-specific fsck's are not standardized.
-If in doubt, please consult the man pages of the filesystem-specific
-checker. Although not guaranteed, the following options are supported
-by most filesystem checkers:
-.TP
-.B \-a
-Automatically repair the filesystem without any questions (use
-this option with caution). Note that
-.BR e2fsck (8)
-supports
-.B \-a
-for backward compatibility only. This option is mapped to
-.BR e2fsck 's
-.B \-p
-option which is safe to use, unlike the
-.B \-a
-option that some filesystem checkers support.
-.TP
-.B \-n
-For some filesystem-specific checkers, the
-.B \-n
-option will cause the fs-specific fsck to avoid attempting to repair any
-problems, but simply report such problems to stdout. This is however
-not true for all filesystem-specific checkers. In particular,
-.BR fsck.reiserfs (8)
-will not report any corruption if given this option.
-.BR fsck.minix (8)
-does not support the
-.B \-n
-option at all.
-.TP
-.B \-r
-Interactively repair the filesystem (ask for confirmations). Note: It
-is generally a bad idea to use this option if multiple fsck's are being
-run in parallel. Also note that this is
-.BR e2fsck 's
-default behavior; it supports this option for backward compatibility
-reasons only.
-.TP
-.B \-y
-For some filesystem-specific checkers, the
-.B \-y
-option will cause the fs-specific fsck to always attempt to fix any
-detected filesystem corruption automatically. Sometimes an expert may
-be able to do better driving the fsck manually. Note that
-.B not
-all filesystem-specific checkers implement this option. In particular
-.BR fsck.minix (8)
-and
-.BR fsck.cramfs (8)
-do not support the
-.B \-y
-option as of this writing.
.SH FILES
-.IR /etc/fstab .
+.I /etc/fstab
.SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
The
.B fsck
.B PATH
The
.B PATH
-environment variable is used to find filesystem checkers. A set of
-system directories are searched first:
-.BR /sbin ,
-.BR /sbin/fs.d ,
-.BR /sbin/fs ,
-.BR /etc/fs ,
-and
-.BR /etc .
-Then the set of directories found in the
-.B PATH
-environment are searched.
+environment variable is used to find filesystem checkers.
.TP
.B FSTAB_FILE
This environment variable allows the system administrator
to override the standard location of the
-.B /etc/fstab
+.I /etc/fstab
file. It is also useful for developers who are testing
.BR fsck .
.TP
-.B LIBBLKID_DEBUG=0xffff
-enables debug output.
+.B LIBBLKID_DEBUG=all
+enables libblkid debug output.
.TP
-.B LIBMOUNT_DEBUG=0xffff
-enables debug output.
+.B LIBMOUNT_DEBUG=all
+enables libmount debug output.
.SH SEE ALSO
.na
.BR fstab (5),
or
.BR e2fsck (8),
.BR cramfsck (8),
-.BR fsck.minix (8),
-.BR fsck.msdos (8),
.BR fsck.jfs (8),
.BR fsck.nfs (8),
+.BR fsck.minix (8),
+.BR fsck.msdos (8),
.BR fsck.vfat (8),
.BR fsck.xfs (8),
-.BR fsck.xiafs (8),
-.BR reiserfsck (8).
+.BR reiserfsck (8)
.ad
-.SH AUTHOR
-.MT tytso@mit.edu
-Theodore Ts'o
-.ME
+.SH AUTHORS
+.nf
+Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
+Karel Zak <kzak@redhat.com>
+.fi
.SH AVAILABILITY
The fsck command is part of the util-linux package and is available from
-.UR ftp://\:ftp.kernel.org\:/pub\:/linux\:/utils\:/util-linux/
+.UR https://\:www.kernel.org\:/pub\:/linux\:/utils\:/util-linux/
Linux Kernel Archive
.UE .
projects / thirdparty / util-linux.git / blobdiff