gdb/ax.h

   1 /* Definitions for expressions designed to be executed on the agent
   2    Copyright (C) 1998, 1999, 2000, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010
   3    Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   4
   5    This file is part of GDB.
   6
   7    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   8    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   9    the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
  10    (at your option) any later version.
  11
  12    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  13    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  14    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  15    GNU General Public License for more details.
  16
  17    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  18    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
  19
  20 #ifndef AGENTEXPR_H
  21 #define AGENTEXPR_H
  22
  23 #include "doublest.h"           /* For DOUBLEST.  */
  24
  25 /* It's sometimes useful to be able to debug programs that you can't
  26    really stop for more than a fraction of a second.  To this end, the
  27    user can specify a tracepoint (like a breakpoint, but you don't
  28    stop at it), and specify a bunch of expressions to record the
  29    values of when that tracepoint is reached.  As the program runs,
  30    GDB collects the values.  At any point (possibly while values are
  31    still being collected), the user can display the collected values.
  32
  33    This is used with remote debugging; we don't really support it on
  34    native configurations.
  35
  36    This means that expressions are being evaluated by the remote agent,
  37    which doesn't have any access to the symbol table information, and
  38    needs to be small and simple.
  39
  40    The agent_expr routines and datatypes are a bytecode language
  41    designed to be executed by the agent.  Agent expressions work in
  42    terms of fixed-width values, operators, memory references, and
  43    register references.  You can evaluate a agent expression just given
  44    a bunch of memory and register values to sniff at; you don't need
  45    any symbolic information like variable names, types, etc.
  46
  47    GDB translates source expressions, whose meaning depends on
  48    symbolic information, into agent bytecode expressions, whose meaning
  49    is independent of symbolic information.  This means the agent can
  50    evaluate them on the fly without reference to data only available
  51    to the host GDB.  */
  52 \f
  53
  54 /* Different kinds of flaws an agent expression might have, as
  55    detected by ax_reqs.  */
  56 enum agent_flaws
  57   {
  58     agent_flaw_none = 0,        /* code is good */
  59
  60     /* There is an invalid instruction in the stream.  */
  61     agent_flaw_bad_instruction,
  62
  63     /* There is an incomplete instruction at the end of the expression.  */
  64     agent_flaw_incomplete_instruction,
  65
  66     /* ax_reqs was unable to prove that every jump target is to a
  67        valid offset.  Valid offsets are within the bounds of the
  68        expression, and to a valid instruction boundary.  */
  69     agent_flaw_bad_jump,
  70
  71     /* ax_reqs was unable to prove to its satisfaction that, for each
  72        jump target location, the stack will have the same height whether
  73        that location is reached via a jump or by straight execution.  */
  74     agent_flaw_height_mismatch,
  75
  76     /* ax_reqs was unable to prove that every instruction following
  77        an unconditional jump was the target of some other jump.  */
  78     agent_flaw_hole
  79   };
  80
  81 /* Agent expression data structures.  */
  82
  83 /* The type of an element of the agent expression stack.
  84    The bytecode operation indicates which element we should access;
  85    the value itself has no typing information.  GDB generates all
  86    bytecode streams, so we don't have to worry about type errors.  */
  87
  88 union agent_val
  89   {
  90     LONGEST l;
  91     DOUBLEST d;
  92   };
  93
  94 /* A buffer containing a agent expression.  */
  95 struct agent_expr
  96   {
  97     /* The bytes of the expression.  */
  98     unsigned char *buf;
  99
 100     /* The number of bytecode in the expression.  */
 101     int len;
 102
 103     /* Allocated space available currently.  */
 104     int size;
 105
 106     /* The target architecture assumed to be in effect.  */
 107     struct gdbarch *gdbarch;
 108
 109     /* The address to which the expression applies.  */
 110     CORE_ADDR scope;
 111
 112     /* If the following is not equal to agent_flaw_none, the rest of the
 113        information in this structure is suspect.  */
 114     enum agent_flaws flaw;
 115
 116     /* Number of elements left on stack at end; may be negative if expr
 117        only consumes elements.  */
 118     int final_height;
 119
 120     /* Maximum and minimum stack height, relative to initial height.  */
 121     int max_height, min_height;
 122
 123     /* Largest `ref' or `const' opcode used, in bits.  Zero means the
 124        expression has no such instructions.  */
 125     int max_data_size;
 126
 127     /* Bit vector of registers needed.  Register R is needed iff
 128
 129        reg_mask[R / 8] & (1 << (R % 8))
 130
 131        is non-zero.  Note!  You may not assume that this bitmask is long
 132        enough to hold bits for all the registers of the machine; the
 133        agent expression code has no idea how many registers the machine
 134        has.  However, the bitmask is reg_mask_len bytes long, so the
 135        valid register numbers run from 0 to reg_mask_len * 8 - 1.
 136
 137        Also note that this mask may contain registers that are needed
 138        for the original collection expression to work, but that are
 139        not referenced by any bytecode.  This could, for example, occur
 140        when collecting a local variable allocated to a register; the
 141        compiler sets the mask bit and skips generating a bytecode whose
 142        result is going to be discarded anyway.
 143     */
 144     int reg_mask_len;
 145     unsigned char *reg_mask;
 146   };
 147
 148 /* The actual values of the various bytecode operations.
 149
 150    Other independent implementations of the agent bytecode engine will
 151    rely on the exact values of these enums, and may not be recompiled
 152    when we change this table.  The numeric values should remain fixed
 153    whenever possible.  Thus, we assign them values explicitly here (to
 154    allow gaps to form safely), and the disassembly table in
 155    agentexpr.h behaves like an opcode map.  If you want to see them
 156    grouped logically, see doc/agentexpr.texi.  */
 157
 158 enum agent_op
 159   {
 160     aop_float = 0x01,
 161     aop_add = 0x02,
 162     aop_sub = 0x03,
 163     aop_mul = 0x04,
 164     aop_div_signed = 0x05,
 165     aop_div_unsigned = 0x06,
 166     aop_rem_signed = 0x07,
 167     aop_rem_unsigned = 0x08,
 168     aop_lsh = 0x09,
 169     aop_rsh_signed = 0x0a,
 170     aop_rsh_unsigned = 0x0b,
 171     aop_trace = 0x0c,
 172     aop_trace_quick = 0x0d,
 173     aop_log_not = 0x0e,
 174     aop_bit_and = 0x0f,
 175     aop_bit_or = 0x10,
 176     aop_bit_xor = 0x11,
 177     aop_bit_not = 0x12,
 178     aop_equal = 0x13,
 179     aop_less_signed = 0x14,
 180     aop_less_unsigned = 0x15,
 181     aop_ext = 0x16,
 182     aop_ref8 = 0x17,
 183     aop_ref16 = 0x18,
 184     aop_ref32 = 0x19,
 185     aop_ref64 = 0x1a,
 186     aop_ref_float = 0x1b,
 187     aop_ref_double = 0x1c,
 188     aop_ref_long_double = 0x1d,
 189     aop_l_to_d = 0x1e,
 190     aop_d_to_l = 0x1f,
 191     aop_if_goto = 0x20,
 192     aop_goto = 0x21,
 193     aop_const8 = 0x22,
 194     aop_const16 = 0x23,
 195     aop_const32 = 0x24,
 196     aop_const64 = 0x25,
 197     aop_reg = 0x26,
 198     aop_end = 0x27,
 199     aop_dup = 0x28,
 200     aop_pop = 0x29,
 201     aop_zero_ext = 0x2a,
 202     aop_swap = 0x2b,
 203     aop_getv = 0x2c,
 204     aop_setv = 0x2d,
 205     aop_tracev = 0x2e,
 206     aop_trace16 = 0x30,
 207     aop_last
 208   };
 209 \f
 210
 211
 212 /* Functions for building expressions.  */
 213
 214 /* Allocate a new, empty agent expression.  */
 215 extern struct agent_expr *new_agent_expr (struct gdbarch *, CORE_ADDR);
 216
 217 /* Free a agent expression.  */
 218 extern void free_agent_expr (struct agent_expr *);
 219 extern struct cleanup *make_cleanup_free_agent_expr (struct agent_expr *);
 220
 221 /* Append a simple operator OP to EXPR.  */
 222 extern void ax_simple (struct agent_expr *EXPR, enum agent_op OP);
 223
 224 /* Append the floating-point prefix, for the next bytecode.  */
 225 #define ax_float(EXPR) (ax_simple ((EXPR), aop_float))
 226
 227 /* Append a sign-extension instruction to EXPR, to extend an N-bit value.  */
 228 extern void ax_ext (struct agent_expr *EXPR, int N);
 229
 230 /* Append a zero-extension instruction to EXPR, to extend an N-bit value.  */
 231 extern void ax_zero_ext (struct agent_expr *EXPR, int N);
 232
 233 /* Append a trace_quick instruction to EXPR, to record N bytes.  */
 234 extern void ax_trace_quick (struct agent_expr *EXPR, int N);
 235
 236 /* Append a goto op to EXPR.  OP is the actual op (must be aop_goto or
 237    aop_if_goto).  We assume we don't know the target offset yet,
 238    because it's probably a forward branch, so we leave space in EXPR
 239    for the target, and return the offset in EXPR of that space, so we
 240    can backpatch it once we do know the target offset.  Use ax_label
 241    to do the backpatching.  */
 242 extern int ax_goto (struct agent_expr *EXPR, enum agent_op OP);
 243
 244 /* Suppose a given call to ax_goto returns some value PATCH.  When you
 245    know the offset TARGET that goto should jump to, call
 246    ax_label (EXPR, PATCH, TARGET)
 247    to patch TARGET into the ax_goto instruction.  */
 248 extern void ax_label (struct agent_expr *EXPR, int patch, int target);
 249
 250 /* Assemble code to push a constant on the stack.  */
 251 extern void ax_const_l (struct agent_expr *EXPR, LONGEST l);
 252 extern void ax_const_d (struct agent_expr *EXPR, LONGEST d);
 253
 254 /* Assemble code to push the value of register number REG on the
 255    stack.  */
 256 extern void ax_reg (struct agent_expr *EXPR, int REG);
 257
 258 /* Add the given register to the register mask of the expression.  */
 259 extern void ax_reg_mask (struct agent_expr *ax, int reg);
 260
 261 /* Assemble code to operate on a trace state variable.  */
 262 extern void ax_tsv (struct agent_expr *expr, enum agent_op op, int num);
 263 \f
 264
 265 /* Functions for printing out expressions, and otherwise debugging
 266    things.  */
 267
 268 /* Disassemble the expression EXPR, writing to F.  */
 269 extern void ax_print (struct ui_file *f, struct agent_expr * EXPR);
 270
 271 /* An entry in the opcode map.  */
 272 struct aop_map
 273   {
 274
 275     /* The name of the opcode.  Null means that this entry is not a
 276        valid opcode --- a hole in the opcode space.  */
 277     char *name;
 278
 279     /* All opcodes take no operands from the bytecode stream, or take
 280        unsigned integers of various sizes.  If this is a positive number
 281        n, then the opcode is followed by an n-byte operand, which should
 282        be printed as an unsigned integer.  If this is zero, then the
 283        opcode takes no operands from the bytecode stream.
 284
 285        If we get more complicated opcodes in the future, don't add other
 286        magic values of this; that's a crock.  Add an `enum encoding'
 287        field to this, or something like that.  */
 288     int op_size;
 289
 290     /* The size of the data operated upon, in bits, for bytecodes that
 291        care about that (ref and const).  Zero for all others.  */
 292     int data_size;
 293
 294     /* Number of stack elements consumed, and number produced.  */
 295     int consumed, produced;
 296   };
 297
 298 /* Map of the bytecodes, indexed by bytecode number.  */
 299 extern struct aop_map aop_map[];
 300
 301 /* Given an agent expression AX, analyze and update its requirements.  */
 302
 303 extern void ax_reqs (struct agent_expr *ax);
 304
 305 #endif /* AGENTEXPR_H */