1 # Configuration file for dnsmasq.
3 # Format is one option per line, legal options are the same
4 # as the long options legal on the command line. See
5 # "/usr/sbin/dnsmasq --help" or "man 8 dnsmasq" for details.
7 # The following two options make you a better netizen, since they
8 # tell dnsmasq to filter out queries which the public DNS cannot
9 # answer, and which load the servers (especially the root servers)
10 # uneccessarily. If you have a dial-on-demand link they also stop
11 # these requests from bringing up the link uneccessarily.
13 # Never forward plain names (without a dot or domain part)
15 # Never forward addresses in the non-routed address spaces.
19 # Uncomment this to filter useless windows-originated DNS requests
20 # which can trigger dial-on-demand links needlessly.
21 # Note that (amongst other things) this blocks all SRV requests,
22 # so don't use it if you use eg Kerberos, SIP, XMMP or Google-talk.
23 # This option only affects forwarding, SRV records originating for
24 # dnsmasq (via srv-host= lines) are not suppressed by it.
27 # Change this line if you want dns to get its upstream servers from
28 # somewhere other that /etc/resolv.conf
31 # By default, dnsmasq will send queries to any of the upstream
32 # servers it knows about and tries to favour servers to are known
33 # to be up. Uncommenting this forces dnsmasq to try each query
34 # with each server strictly in the order they appear in
38 # If you don't want dnsmasq to read /etc/resolv.conf or any other
39 # file, getting its servers from this file instead (see below), then
43 # If you don't want dnsmasq to poll /etc/resolv.conf or other resolv
44 # files for changes and re-read them then uncomment this.
47 # Add other name servers here, with domain specs if they are for
49 #server=/localnet/192.168.0.1
51 # Example of routing PTR queries to nameservers: this will send all
52 # address->name queries for 192.168.3/24 to nameserver 10.1.2.3
53 #server=/3.168.192.in-addr.arpa/10.1.2.3
55 # Add local-only domains here, queries in these domains are answered
56 # from /etc/hosts or DHCP only.
59 # Add domains which you want to force to an IP address here.
60 # The example below send any host in doubleclick.net to a local
62 #address=/doubleclick.net/127.0.0.1
64 # --address (and --server) work with IPv6 addresses too.
65 #address=/www.thekelleys.org.uk/fe80::20d:60ff:fe36:f83
67 # You can control how dnsmasq talks to a server: this forces
68 # queries to 10.1.2.3 to be routed via eth1
69 # --server=10.1.2.3@eth1
71 # and this sets the source (ie local) address used to talk to
72 # 10.1.2.3 to 192.168.1.1 port 55 (there must be a interface with that
73 # IP on the machine, obviously).
74 # --server=10.1.2.3@192.168.1.1#55
76 # If you want dnsmasq to change uid and gid to something other
77 # than the default, edit the following lines.
81 # If you want dnsmasq to listen for DHCP and DNS requests only on
82 # specified interfaces (and the loopback) give the name of the
83 # interface (eg eth0) here.
84 # Repeat the line for more than one interface.
86 # Or you can specify which interface _not_ to listen on
88 # Or which to listen on by address (remember to include 127.0.0.1 if
91 # If you want dnsmasq to provide only DNS service on an interface,
92 # configure it as shown above, and then use the following line to
96 # On systems which support it, dnsmasq binds the wildcard address,
97 # even when it is listening on only some interfaces. It then discards
98 # requests that it shouldn't reply to. This has the advantage of
99 # working even when interfaces come and go and change address. If you
100 # want dnsmasq to really bind only the interfaces it is listening on,
101 # uncomment this option. About the only time you may need this is when
102 # running another nameserver on the same machine.
105 # If you don't want dnsmasq to read /etc/hosts, uncomment the
108 # or if you want it to read another file, as well as /etc/hosts, use
110 #addn-hosts=/etc/banner_add_hosts
112 # Set this (and domain: see below) if you want to have a domain
113 # automatically added to simple names in a hosts-file.
116 # Set the domain for dnsmasq. this is optional, but if it is set, it
117 # does the following things.
118 # 1) Allows DHCP hosts to have fully qualified domain names, as long
119 # as the domain part matches this setting.
120 # 2) Sets the "domain" DHCP option thereby potentially setting the
121 # domain of all systems configured by DHCP
122 # 3) Provides the domain part for "expand-hosts"
123 #domain=thekelleys.org.uk
125 # Set a different domain for a particular subnet
126 #domain=wireless.thekelleys.org.uk,192.168.2.0/24
128 # Same idea, but range rather then subnet
129 #domain=reserved.thekelleys.org.uk,192.68.3.100,192.168.3.200
131 # Uncomment this to enable the integrated DHCP server, you need
132 # to supply the range of addresses available for lease and optionally
133 # a lease time. If you have more than one network, you will need to
134 # repeat this for each network on which you want to supply DHCP
136 #dhcp-range=192.168.0.50,192.168.0.150,12h
138 # This is an example of a DHCP range where the netmask is given. This
139 # is needed for networks we reach the dnsmasq DHCP server via a relay
140 # agent. If you don't know what a DHCP relay agent is, you probably
141 # don't need to worry about this.
142 #dhcp-range=192.168.0.50,192.168.0.150,255.255.255.0,12h
144 # This is an example of a DHCP range with a network-id, so that
145 # some DHCP options may be set only for this network.
146 #dhcp-range=red,192.168.0.50,192.168.0.150
148 # Supply parameters for specified hosts using DHCP. There are lots
149 # of valid alternatives, so we will give examples of each. Note that
150 # IP addresses DO NOT have to be in the range given above, they just
151 # need to be on the same network. The order of the parameters in these
152 # do not matter, it's permissble to give name,adddress and MAC in any order
154 # Always allocate the host with ethernet address 11:22:33:44:55:66
155 # The IP address 192.168.0.60
156 #dhcp-host=11:22:33:44:55:66,192.168.0.60
158 # Always set the name of the host with hardware address
159 # 11:22:33:44:55:66 to be "fred"
160 #dhcp-host=11:22:33:44:55:66,fred
162 # Always give the host with ethernet address 11:22:33:44:55:66
163 # the name fred and IP address 192.168.0.60 and lease time 45 minutes
164 #dhcp-host=11:22:33:44:55:66,fred,192.168.0.60,45m
166 # Give a host with ethernet address 11:22:33:44:55:66 or
167 # 12:34:56:78:90:12 the IP address 192.168.0.60. Dnsmasq will assume
168 # that these two ethernet interfaces will never be in use at the same
169 # time, and give the IP address to the second, even if it is already
170 # in use by the first. Useful for laptops with wired and wireless
172 #dhcp-host=11:22:33:44:55:66,12:34:56:78:90:12,192.168.0.60
174 # Give the machine which says its name is "bert" IP address
175 # 192.168.0.70 and an infinite lease
176 #dhcp-host=bert,192.168.0.70,infinite
178 # Always give the host with client identifier 01:02:02:04
179 # the IP address 192.168.0.60
180 #dhcp-host=id:01:02:02:04,192.168.0.60
182 # Always give the host with client identifier "marjorie"
183 # the IP address 192.168.0.60
184 #dhcp-host=id:marjorie,192.168.0.60
186 # Enable the address given for "judge" in /etc/hosts
187 # to be given to a machine presenting the name "judge" when
188 # it asks for a DHCP lease.
191 # Never offer DHCP service to a machine whose ethernet
192 # address is 11:22:33:44:55:66
193 #dhcp-host=11:22:33:44:55:66,ignore
195 # Ignore any client-id presented by the machine with ethernet
196 # address 11:22:33:44:55:66. This is useful to prevent a machine
197 # being treated differently when running under different OS's or
198 # between PXE boot and OS boot.
199 #dhcp-host=11:22:33:44:55:66,id:*
201 # Send extra options which are tagged as "red" to
202 # the machine with ethernet address 11:22:33:44:55:66
203 #dhcp-host=11:22:33:44:55:66,net:red
205 # Send extra options which are tagged as "red" to
206 # any machine with ethernet address starting 11:22:33:
207 #dhcp-host=11:22:33:*:*:*,net:red
209 # Ignore any clients which are specified in dhcp-host lines
210 # or /etc/ethers. Equivalent to ISC "deny unkown-clients".
211 # This relies on the special "known" tag which is set when
215 # Send extra options which are tagged as "red" to any machine whose
216 # DHCP vendorclass string includes the substring "Linux"
217 #dhcp-vendorclass=red,Linux
219 # Send extra options which are tagged as "red" to any machine one
220 # of whose DHCP userclass strings includes the substring "accounts"
221 #dhcp-userclass=red,accounts
223 # Send extra options which are tagged as "red" to any machine whose
224 # MAC address matches the pattern.
225 #dhcp-mac=red,00:60:8C:*:*:*
227 # If this line is uncommented, dnsmasq will read /etc/ethers and act
228 # on the ethernet-address/IP pairs found there just as if they had
229 # been given as --dhcp-host options. Useful if you keep
230 # MAC-address/host mappings there for other purposes.
233 # Send options to hosts which ask for a DHCP lease.
234 # See RFC 2132 for details of available options.
235 # Common options can be given to dnsmasq by name:
236 # run "dnsmasq --help dhcp" to get a list.
237 # Note that all the common settings, such as netmask and
238 # broadcast address, DNS server and default route, are given
239 # sane defaults by dnsmasq. You very likely will not need
240 # any dhcp-options. If you use Windows clients and Samba, there
241 # are some options which are recommended, they are detailed at the
242 # end of this section.
244 # Override the default route supplied by dnsmasq, which assumes the
245 # router is the same machine as the one running dnsmasq.
246 #dhcp-option=3,1.2.3.4
248 # Do the same thing, but using the option name
249 #dhcp-option=option:router,1.2.3.4
251 # Override the default route supplied by dnsmasq and send no default
252 # route at all. Note that this only works for the options sent by
253 # default (1, 3, 6, 12, 28) the same line will send a zero-length option
254 # for all other option numbers.
257 # Set the NTP time server addresses to 192.168.0.4 and 10.10.0.5
258 #dhcp-option=option:ntp-server,192.168.0.4,10.10.0.5
260 # Set the NTP time server address to be the same machine as
262 #dhcp-option=42,0.0.0.0
264 # Set the NIS domain name to "welly"
265 #dhcp-option=40,welly
267 # Set the default time-to-live to 50
270 # Set the "all subnets are local" flag
273 # Send the etherboot magic flag and then etherboot options (a string).
274 #dhcp-option=128,e4:45:74:68:00:00
275 #dhcp-option=129,NIC=eepro100
277 # Specify an option which will only be sent to the "red" network
278 # (see dhcp-range for the declaration of the "red" network)
279 # Note that the net: part must precede the option: part.
280 #dhcp-option = net:red, option:ntp-server, 192.168.1.1
282 # The following DHCP options set up dnsmasq in the same way as is specified
283 # for the ISC dhcpcd in
284 # http://www.samba.org/samba/ftp/docs/textdocs/DHCP-Server-Configuration.txt
285 # adapted for a typical dnsmasq installation where the host running
286 # dnsmasq is also the host running samba.
287 # you may want to uncomment some or all of them if you use
288 # Windows clients and Samba.
289 #dhcp-option=19,0 # option ip-forwarding off
290 #dhcp-option=44,0.0.0.0 # set netbios-over-TCP/IP nameserver(s) aka WINS server(s)
291 #dhcp-option=45,0.0.0.0 # netbios datagram distribution server
292 #dhcp-option=46,8 # netbios node type
294 # Send RFC-3397 DNS domain search DHCP option. WARNING: Your DHCP client
295 # probably doesn't support this......
296 #dhcp-option=option:domain-search,eng.apple.com,marketing.apple.com
298 # Send RFC-3442 classless static routes (note the netmask encoding)
299 #dhcp-option=121,192.168.1.0/24,1.2.3.4,10.0.0.0/8,5.6.7.8
301 # Send vendor-class specific options encapsulated in DHCP option 43.
302 # The meaning of the options is defined by the vendor-class so
303 # options are sent only when the client supplied vendor class
304 # matches the class given here. (A substring match is OK, so "MSFT"
305 # matches "MSFT" and "MSFT 5.0"). This example sets the
306 # mtftp address to 0.0.0.0 for PXEClients.
307 #dhcp-option=vendor:PXEClient,1,0.0.0.0
309 # Send microsoft-specific option to tell windows to release the DHCP lease
310 # when it shuts down. Note the "i" flag, to tell dnsmasq to send the
311 # value as a four-byte integer - that's what microsoft wants. See
312 # http://technet2.microsoft.com/WindowsServer/en/library/a70f1bb7-d2d4-49f0-96d6-4b7414ecfaae1033.mspx?mfr=true
313 #dhcp-option=vendor:MSFT,2,1i
315 # Send the Encapsulated-vendor-class ID needed by some configurations of
316 # Etherboot to allow is to recognise the DHCP server.
317 #dhcp-option=vendor:Etherboot,60,"Etherboot"
319 # Send options to PXELinux. Note that we need to send the options even
320 # though they don't appear in the parameter request list, so we need
321 # to use dhcp-option-force here.
322 # See http://syslinux.zytor.com/pxe.php#special for details.
323 # Magic number - needed before anything else is recognised
324 #dhcp-option-force=208,f1:00:74:7e
325 # Configuration file name
326 #dhcp-option-force=209,configs/common
328 #dhcp-option-force=210,/tftpboot/pxelinux/files/
329 # Reboot time. (Note 'i' to send 32-bit value)
330 #dhcp-option-force=211,30i
332 # Set the boot filename for netboot/PXE. You will only need
333 # this is you want to boot machines over the network and you will need
334 # a TFTP server; either dnsmasq's built in TFTP server or an
335 # external one. (See below for how to enable the TFTP server.)
336 #dhcp-boot=pxelinux.0
338 # Boot for Etherboot gPXE. The idea is to send two different
339 # filenames, the first loads gPXE, and the second tells gPXE what to
340 # load. The dhcp-match sets the gpxe tag for requests from gPXE.
341 #dhcp-match=gpxe,175 # gPXE sends a 175 option.
342 #dhcp-boot=net:#gpxe,undionly.kpxe
343 #dhcp-boot=mybootimage
345 # Encapsulated options for Etherboot gPXE. All the options are
346 # encapsulated within option 175
347 #dhcp-option=encap:175, 1, 5b # priority code
348 #dhcp-option=encap:175, 176, 1b # no-proxydhcp
349 #dhcp-option=encap:175, 177, string # bus-id
350 #dhcp-option=encap:175, 189, 1b # BIOS drive code
351 #dhcp-option=encap:175, 190, user # iSCSI username
352 #dhcp-option=encap:175, 191, pass # iSCSI password
354 # Test for the architecture of a netboot client. PXE clients are
355 # supposed to send their architecture as option 93. (See RFC 4578)
356 #dhcp-match=peecees, option:client-arch, 0 #x86-32
357 #dhcp-match=itanics, option:client-arch, 2 #IA64
358 #dhcp-match=hammers, option:client-arch, 6 #x86-64
359 #dhcp-match=mactels, option:client-arch, 7 #EFI x86-64
361 # Do real PXE, rather than just booting a single file, this is an
362 # alternative to dhcp-boot.
363 #pxe-prompt="What system shall I netboot?"
364 # or with timeout before first available action is taken:
365 #pxe-prompt="Press F8 for menu.", 60
367 # Available boot services. for PXE.
368 #pxe-service=x86PC, "Boot from local disk", 0
370 # Loads <tftp-root>/pxelinux.0 from dnsmasq TFTP server.
371 #pxe-service=x86PC, "Install Linux", pxelinux
373 # Loads <tftp-root>/pxelinux.0 from TFTP server at 1.2.3.4.
374 # Beware this fails on old PXE ROMS.
375 #pxe-service=x86PC, "Install Linux", pxelinux, 1.2.3.4
377 # Use bootserver on network, found my multicast or broadcast.
378 #pxe-service=x86PC, "Install windows from RIS server", 1
380 # Use bootserver at a known IP address.
381 #pxe-service=x86PC, "Install windows from RIS server", 1, 1.2.3.4
383 # If you have multicast-FTP available,
384 # information for that can be passed in a similar way using options 1
385 # to 5. See page 19 of
386 # http://download.intel.com/design/archives/wfm/downloads/pxespec.pdf
389 # Enable dnsmasq's built-in TFTP server
392 # Set the root directory for files availble via FTP.
395 # Make the TFTP server more secure: with this set, only files owned by
396 # the user dnsmasq is running as will be send over the net.
399 # Set the boot file name only when the "red" tag is set.
400 #dhcp-boot=net:red,pxelinux.red-net
402 # An example of dhcp-boot with an external TFTP server: the name and IP
403 # address of the server are given after the filename.
404 # Can fail with old PXE ROMS. Overridden by --pxe-service.
405 #dhcp-boot=/var/ftpd/pxelinux.0,boothost,192.168.0.3
407 # Set the limit on DHCP leases, the default is 150
410 # The DHCP server needs somewhere on disk to keep its lease database.
411 # This defaults to a sane location, but if you want to change it, use
413 #dhcp-leasefile=/var/lib/misc/dnsmasq.leases
415 # Set the DHCP server to authoritative mode. In this mode it will barge in
416 # and take over the lease for any client which broadcasts on the network,
417 # whether it has a record of the lease or not. This avoids long timeouts
418 # when a machine wakes up on a new network. DO NOT enable this if there's
419 # the slighest chance that you might end up accidentally configuring a DHCP
420 # server for your campus/company accidentally. The ISC server uses
421 # the same option, and this URL provides more information:
422 # http://www.isc.org/index.pl?/sw/dhcp/authoritative.php
425 # Run an executable when a DHCP lease is created or destroyed.
426 # The arguments sent to the script are "add" or "del",
427 # then the MAC address, the IP address and finally the hostname
429 #dhcp-script=/bin/echo
431 # Set the cachesize here.
434 # If you want to disable negative caching, uncomment this.
437 # Normally responses which come form /etc/hosts and the DHCP lease
438 # file have Time-To-Live set as zero, which conventionally means
439 # do not cache further. If you are happy to trade lower load on the
440 # server for potentially stale date, you can set a time-to-live (in
444 # If you want dnsmasq to detect attempts by Verisign to send queries
445 # to unregistered .com and .net hosts to its sitefinder service and
446 # have dnsmasq instead return the correct NXDOMAIN response, uncomment
447 # this line. You can add similar lines to do the same for other
448 # registries which have implemented wildcard A records.
449 #bogus-nxdomain=64.94.110.11
451 # If you want to fix up DNS results from upstream servers, use the
452 # alias option. This only works for IPv4.
453 # This alias makes a result of 1.2.3.4 appear as 5.6.7.8
454 #alias=1.2.3.4,5.6.7.8
455 # and this maps 1.2.3.x to 5.6.7.x
456 #alias=1.2.3.0,5.6.7.0,255.255.255.0
457 # and this maps 192.168.0.10->192.168.0.40 to 10.0.0.10->10.0.0.40
458 #alias=192.168.0.10-192.168.0.40,10.0.0.0,255.255.255.0
460 # Change these lines if you want dnsmasq to serve MX records.
462 # Return an MX record named "maildomain.com" with target
463 # servermachine.com and preference 50
464 #mx-host=maildomain.com,servermachine.com,50
466 # Set the default target for MX records created using the localmx option.
467 #mx-target=servermachine.com
469 # Return an MX record pointing to the mx-target for all local
473 # Return an MX record pointing to itself for all local machines.
476 # Change the following lines if you want dnsmasq to serve SRV
477 # records. These are useful if you want to serve ldap requests for
478 # Active Directory and other windows-originated DNS requests.
480 # You may add multiple srv-host lines.
481 # The fields are <name>,<target>,<port>,<priority>,<weight>
482 # If the domain part if missing from the name (so that is just has the
483 # service and protocol sections) then the domain given by the domain=
484 # config option is used. (Note that expand-hosts does not need to be
485 # set for this to work.)
487 # A SRV record sending LDAP for the example.com domain to
488 # ldapserver.example.com port 289
489 #srv-host=_ldap._tcp.example.com,ldapserver.example.com,389
491 # A SRV record sending LDAP for the example.com domain to
492 # ldapserver.example.com port 289 (using domain=)
494 #srv-host=_ldap._tcp,ldapserver.example.com,389
496 # Two SRV records for LDAP, each with different priorities
497 #srv-host=_ldap._tcp.example.com,ldapserver.example.com,389,1
498 #srv-host=_ldap._tcp.example.com,ldapserver.example.com,389,2
500 # A SRV record indicating that there is no LDAP server for the domain
502 #srv-host=_ldap._tcp.example.com
504 # The following line shows how to make dnsmasq serve an arbitrary PTR
505 # record. This is useful for DNS-SD. (Note that the
506 # domain-name expansion done for SRV records _does_not
507 # occur for PTR records.)
508 #ptr-record=_http._tcp.dns-sd-services,"New Employee Page._http._tcp.dns-sd-services"
510 # Change the following lines to enable dnsmasq to serve TXT records.
511 # These are used for things like SPF and zeroconf. (Note that the
512 # domain-name expansion done for SRV records _does_not
513 # occur for TXT records.)
516 #txt-record=example.com,"v=spf1 a -all"
519 #txt-record=_http._tcp.example.com,name=value,paper=A4
521 # Provide an alias for a "local" DNS name. Note that this _only_ works
522 # for targets which are names from DHCP or /etc/hosts. Give host
523 # "bert" another name, bertrand
526 # For debugging purposes, log each DNS query as it passes through
530 # Log lots of extra information about DHCP transactions.
533 # Include a another lot of configuration options.
534 #conf-file=/etc/dnsmasq.more.conf
535 #conf-dir=/etc/dnsmasq.d